A multifunctional fault recording electronic assembly

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multifunctional fault record electronic assembly, including operational amplifier module, with the fault detection unit of operational amplifier module connection, with the signal processing module of operational amplifier module connection, with the LDO module of operational amplifier module connection, with the power test module and power input module of operational amplifier module connection. The utility model provides a kind of multifunctional fault record electronic assembly, solves the problem that existing equipment power supply is unstable, interface is easily damaged, transmission mode is single, difficult reset after failure. It is applicable to the scene that industrial control equipment, intelligent electronic system etc. need accurate fault trace and safety protection, can solve the problem that traditional fault record equipment function is single, anti-interference ability is weak, fault processing efficiency is low, provide "monitoring-protection-trace" integrated support for system operation and maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic signals, and in particular to a multifunctional fault recording electronic component. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the nature of photovoltaic equipment, the output voltage and current of photovoltaic signals will change according to the angle of illumination. For example, voltage regulators, inverters, combiner boxes, or overcurrent relays, in conjunction with existing circuit connections, can achieve regulation within the equipment box to deal with problems such as excessive or insufficient current and voltage, or surges caused by lightning strikes. Therefore, the integration of such electronic components has emerged.

[0003] Existing fault recording devices generally suffer from the following defects: the power supply module lacks an independent grounding design, resulting in severe interference between analog and digital signals, leading to unstable power supply and low accuracy in fault signal acquisition; the USB data interface lacks effective electrostatic protection measures, making it susceptible to damage from electrostatic discharge and affecting data transmission reliability; it has limited functionality, often supporting only a single data transmission method (such as USB only or Ethernet only), limiting its applicability; and it lacks dedicated reset control and circuit protection design, requiring manual power-off and restart after a device failure, which is cumbersome and prone to damaging the circuit. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a multifunctional fault recording electronic component.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: This invention relates to a multifunctional fault recording electronic component. The electronic component has an external connection port and includes an operational amplifier module, a fault detection unit connected to the operational amplifier module, a signal processing module connected to the operational amplifier module, an LDO module connected to the operational amplifier module, a power supply test module connected to the operational amplifier module, and a power input module. The fault detection unit disconnects the external connection port of the electronic component through the signal processing module based on the operational amplifier module. The fault detection unit includes a diode for indicating a fault signal and a reset circuit for the fault signal diode. The power supply test module includes a grounding circuit and a protection circuit; the protection circuit releases overvoltage energy through the grounding circuit. The power input module includes a reset circuit. The LDO module is used to receive a reference voltage and set the output voltage.

[0006] Preferably, the fault detection unit includes at least four fault detection modules, all of which are electrically connected in parallel to the operational amplifier module and the signal processing module.

[0007] Preferably, the operational amplifier module is used to generate a fault trigger signal and output the signal to the signal processing module.

[0008] Preferably, the operational amplifier module has a proportionally amplified internal resistance and an external resistor for adjusting the input reference voltage.

[0009] Preferably, the protection circuit includes a Zener diode, a diode for indicating current flow signal, and a TVS diode, with the Zener diode used to clamp overvoltage.

[0010] Preferably, the grounding circuit includes a surge protector for switching the conduction of CGND and GND.

[0011] Preferably, the reset circuit includes a relay and an adjustable linear regulator, wherein the adjustable linear regulator outputs a stable reset voltage to trigger the relay to perform a reset operation.

[0012] Preferably, the LDO module is also used to compare the output voltage with the reference voltage to generate an error signal.

[0013] Preferably, the power test module is electrically connected to the power input module.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This invention provides a multifunctional fault recording electronic component that solves the problems of unstable power supply, easily damaged interfaces, limited transmission methods, and difficulty in resetting after a fault in existing equipment. It is suitable for scenarios requiring accurate fault tracing and safety protection, such as industrial control equipment and intelligent electronic systems. It addresses the issues of traditional fault recording devices having limited functionality, weak anti-interference capabilities, and low fault handling efficiency, providing integrated "monitoring-protection-traceability" support for system operation and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the circuit modules of this utility model; Figure 2 This is the circuit schematic diagram of the first fault detection module of this utility model; Figure 3 This is the circuit diagram of the second fault detection module of this utility model; Figure 4 This is the circuit schematic diagram of the third fault detection module of this utility model; Figure 5 This is the circuit schematic diagram of the fourth fault detection module of this utility model; Figure 6 This is the circuit schematic diagram of the operational amplifier module of this utility model; Figure 7 This is the circuit schematic diagram of the signal processing module of this utility model; Figure 8 This is the circuit schematic diagram of the power supply test module of this utility model; Figure 9 This is the circuit schematic diagram of the power input module of this utility model; Figure 10 This is the circuit schematic diagram of the LDO module of this utility model.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. First fault detection module; 2. Second fault detection module; 3. Third fault detection module; 4. Fourth fault detection module; 5. Operational amplifier module; 6. Signal processing module; 7. Power supply test module; 8. Power input module; 9. LDO module. Detailed Implementation

[0017] like Figure 1-10 As shown, this utility model provides a multifunctional fault recording electronic component, including an operational amplifier module 5, a fault detection unit connected to the operational amplifier module 5, a signal processing module 6 connected to the operational amplifier module 5, an LDO module 9 connected to the operational amplifier module 5, a power supply test module 7 connected to the operational amplifier module 5, and a power input module 8, as shown. Figure 1 As shown, the power test module 7 is electrically connected to the power input module 8, and the fault detection unit is divided into a first fault detection module 1, a second fault detection module 2, a third fault detection module 3 and a fourth fault detection module 4. The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] In the attached diagram, all identical reference numerals refer to the same components. Example

[0019] In the first fault detection module 1, such as Figure 2As shown, X7 is connected to an external photovoltaic signal source. Pin A is connected to the voltage signal, pin B is connected to the power ground, and pin C is connected to the casing ground. The fault power supply of the external signal is greater than 5.1V. After passing through surge protection F5 and TVS diode D39, one path connects to current-limiting resistor R15, causing its Zener diode Z2 to conduct. This conducts through diode D18 to LED2, which is connected to a 12VDC power supply. LED2 lights up, indicating a fault signal. R5 is a current-limiting resistor protecting LED2. When the voltage is less than 5.1V, Zener diode Z2 is cut off, and LED2 does not light up. If a fault signal is detected, Schottky diodes D13 and D16 conduct forward, providing a trigger signal for subsequent circuits. The RC circuit R28 and E5 sends a lockout fault status signal to the S / R trigger of the signal relay K2, making GATE_TRIP active. MOSFET T1 turns on, the K2 coil is energized, and the contacts actuate. The -12VDC power supply forms a circuit through the current-limiting resistor R20 and the signal relay K2. Diode D30 conducts, and current flows through the emitting diode LED15, illuminating the fault signal.

[0020] When reverse cutoff is applied, abnormal signals are isolated to avoid interference. When an external RESET signal is input, the S / R flip-flop is reset, GATE_TRIP is invalidated, MOSFET T1 is cut off, signal relay K2 is reset, and the circuit returns to normal.

[0021] In the second fault detection module 2, such as Figure 3 As shown, X8 is connected to an external photovoltaic signal source. Pin A is connected to the voltage signal, pin B is connected to the power ground, and pin C is connected to the casing ground. The fault power supply of the external signal is greater than 5.1V. After passing through surge protection F6 and TVS diode D40, one path connects to current-limiting resistor R21, causing Zener diode Z1 to conduct. This conducts through diode D24 to LED4, which is connected to a 12VDC power supply. LED4 lights up, indicating a fault signal. R24 acts as a current-limiting resistor to protect LED4. When the voltage is less than 5.1V, Zener diode Z1 is cut off, and LED4 does not light up. If a fault signal is detected, Schottky diodes D10 and D19 conduct in the forward direction, providing a trigger signal for subsequent circuits. The RC circuit R51 and E1 sends a fault-locking signal to the S / R trigger of signal relay K3, making GATE_TRIP active. This turns on MOSFET T4, energizes the K3 coil, and actuates the contacts. The -12VDC power supply forms a loop through current-limiting resistor R39 and signal relay K3. Diode D29 conducts, and current flows through the LED1, illuminating it to indicate the fault signal. In reverse cutoff mode, it isolates abnormal signals to prevent interference. When an external RESET signal is input, the S / R trigger resets, GATE_TRIP becomes inactive, MOSFET T4 turns off, signal relay K3 resets, and the circuit returns to normal.

[0022] In the third fault detection module 3, such as Figure 4 As shown, X9 is connected to an external photovoltaic signal source. Pin A is connected to the voltage signal, pin B is connected to the power ground, and pin C is connected to the casing ground. The fault power supply of the external signal is greater than 5.1V. After passing through surge protection F7 and TVS diode D41, one path connects to current-limiting resistor R22, causing Zener diode Z3 to conduct. This conducts through diode D25 to LED6, which is connected to a 12VDC power supply. LED6 lights up, indicating a fault signal. R25 is a current-limiting resistor protecting LED6. When the voltage is less than 5.1V, Zener diode Z3 is cut off, and LED6 does not light up. If a fault signal is detected, Schottky diodes D20 and D22 conduct in the forward direction, providing a trigger signal for subsequent circuits. The RC circuit R52 and E7 sends a fault-locking signal to the S / R trigger of signal relay K4, making GATE_TRIP active. This turns on MOSFET T5, energizes the K4 coil, and actuates the contacts. The -12VDC power supply forms a circuit through current-limiting resistor R3 and signal relay K4. Diode D29 conducts, and current flows through the LED3, illuminating it to indicate the fault signal. In reverse cutoff mode, it isolates abnormal signals to prevent interference. When an external RESET signal is input, the S / R trigger resets, GATE_TRIP becomes inactive, MOSFET T5 turns off, signal relay K4 resets, and the circuit returns to normal.

[0023] In the fourth fault detection module 4, such as Figure 5As shown, X10 is connected to an external photovoltaic signal source. Pin A is connected to the voltage signal, pin B is connected to the power ground, and pin C is connected to the casing ground. The fault power supply of the external signal is greater than 5.1V. After passing through surge protection F8 and TVS diode D42, one path connects to current-limiting resistor R23, causing its Zener diode Z4 to conduct. This conducts through diode D26 to LED8, which is connected to a 12VDC power supply. LED8 lights up, indicating a fault signal. R41 is a current-limiting resistor protecting LED8. When the voltage is less than 5.1V, Zener diode Z4 is cut off, and LED8 does not light up. If a fault signal is detected, Schottky diodes D21 and D23 conduct in the forward direction, providing a trigger signal for subsequent circuits. The RC circuit R53 and E8 sends a fault-locking signal to the S / R trigger of signal relay K5, making GATE_TRIP active. This turns on MOSFET T7, energizes the K5 coil, and actuates the contacts. The -12VDC power supply forms a circuit through current-limiting resistor R4 and signal relay K7. Diode D27 conducts, and current flows through the LED5, illuminating it to indicate the fault signal. In reverse cutoff mode, it isolates abnormal signals to prevent interference. When an external RESET signal is input, the S / R trigger resets, GATE_TRIP becomes inactive, MOSFET T7 turns off, signal relay K5 resets, and the circuit returns to normal.

[0024] The first fault detection module 1, the second fault detection module 2, the third fault detection module 3, and the fourth fault detection module 4 are all examples of different models of multi-functional digital input terminals. The fault detection modules can be connected in parallel to each other to receive external control signals and achieve flexible system adjustment. Example

[0025] The information collected by the fault detection unit is mainly output to the operational amplifier module 5, such as... Figure 6 As shown, in operational amplifier module 5, the photovoltaic signal is connected to the reverse polarity protection diode D8 through the current limiting resistor R31, and then supplies power to the subsequent module circuits after passing through the filter capacitors E2, E3, E4, and C10.

[0026] The programmable precision reference source VR1 uses external resistors R10, R11, and R12 to set the reference voltage. The OPA991 high-speed operational amplifier IC4 operates in negative feedback mode, amplifying the difference between the voltage divider signal at the non-inverting input (+) of pin 3 and the reference voltage VR1 from the TLVH431 at the inverting input (-) of pin 4. The output signal drives the subsequent circuitry. Resistors R7, R8, R9, R16, and R48 form a negative feedback loop, ensuring the op-amp operates in the linear region and guaranteeing amplification accuracy and stability. The amplification factor is adjusted by the resistor ratio. Pin 5 is connected to the auxiliary power supply VCC, pin 2 is grounded, and capacitors C5 and C6 act as filters. MOSFET T2 (2N7002PW) acts as an electronic switch, driven by the op-amp output signal: when the op-amp output is high, the MOSFET is turned on, pulling down the GATE_SHUT node potential; when the op-amp output is low, the MOSFET is turned off, and the GATE_SHUT potential is determined by other branches (or pull-up resistors).

[0027] A -12V power input, after being reverse-biased by Schottky diode D9 and current-limited by resistor R14, powers relay K1. Solar power, after being reverse-biased by Schottky diode D3, is divided by resistors R18 and R19 in parallel, filtered by resistor E11, and finally outputs a stable signal with adjusted amplitude and filtered noise to relay K1. Relay RT424F05 is an electro-magnetic switch. The coil is driven by the FUNCTION signal: when FUNCTION is active, the coil is energized, the contacts close / open, controlling the on / off state of subsequent circuits (such as the RESET+ signal path, MOSFET drive); when FUNCTION is inactive, the contacts reset, and the circuit switches states.

[0028] Switching diodes D2, D4, and D5 (MMSD4148T1G) provide freewheeling current for the relay coil. When the coil is de-energized, a reverse electromotive force is generated, and D2, D4, and D5 conduct to provide a discharge path, preventing overvoltage damage to the relay.

[0029] LED12, in conjunction with D43 and D34, exhibits electroluminescence when a forward current passes through it, used for status visualization. If relay K4 is energized, the LED may receive a positive current and light up, indicating "function triggered"; If K4 is reset, the LED will turn off, indicating "Function Off".

[0030] MOSFET T6: As an electronic switch, it is indirectly driven by the contact state of relay K1 or the FUNCTION signal. When K1 activates (or fault conditions are met), the MOSFET turns on, pulling the GATE_TRIP node potential low. Under normal conditions, the MOSFET is off, and the GATE_TRIP potential is maintained high by a pull-up resistor (unmarked, presumably present). Function: To generate a fault trigger signal (GATE_TRIP), issuing a "fault" command to peripheral circuits (such as protection circuits and alarm systems). Example

[0031] In signal processing module 6, such as Figure 7 As shown, the photovoltaic power signal is input to pins 7 and 8 of IC3 (TSC2001DT, analog-to-digital converter / signal conditioning chip) via resistor R31, converting the raw photovoltaic signal into a format suitable for subsequent processing. Pin 1 of IC3 is connected to the power supply VCC, and pin 4 is grounded. Capacitors C11, C2, C13, C14, C15, C16, C19, and C17 are filter capacitors, which smooth voltage fluctuations through "charging and discharging," filtering out high-frequency noise and ripple in the photovoltaic signal to ensure signal purity. Resistors R34, R35, R37, R38, and R10 form a voltage divider or feedback network to adjust the signal amplitude and match the input range of the subsequent operational amplifier; they also assist in "impedance matching" to ensure signal transmission efficiency. Pins 3 and 4 of IC6 (OPA991, high-speed operational amplifier) ​​are connected to the signal output from pin 6 of IC3 for differential amplification, operating in "negative feedback" mode to ensure amplification accuracy and stability, ensuring that the signal amplitude meets the triggering requirements of the 555 timer IC2, operating in "trigger- The "Timing-Output" mode is the "timing core" of the circuit: TRIG (trigger terminal, pin 2): receives the signal amplified by IC6A. When the signal is below the threshold, it triggers the 555 timer to enter timing mode; TRSH (threshold terminal, pin 6) and DISCH (discharge terminal, pin 7): together with external resistors (R30, R45) and capacitor (C13), form an RC timing circuit to determine the timing duration; OUT (output terminal, pin 3): after the timing ends, the output level flips, driving the subsequent fault output circuit. The output signal from the OUT terminal of the 555 timer, after being conditioned by a Schottky diode (D46), generates a fault trigger signal, which is used to issue a "fault" command to the protection relays and alarm modules of the photovoltaic system in the external circuit, cutting off dangerous circuits or triggering alarms. Example

[0032] In power supply test module 7, such as Figure 8As shown, the 12V DC test power supply Z5 (BZV55 - C5V1, Zener diode): operates in the reverse breakdown region. When the voltage exceeds its "stabilized voltage value (5.1V)", the diode breaks down, and the voltage across it stabilizes. Function: Overvoltage clamping—If an overvoltage occurs in the -12V power supply, Z5 conducts, clamping the voltage at 5.1V to protect the subsequent circuitry. LED7 (Light Emitting Diode): "Electroluminescent" when forward current flows, used for status indication—If the power supply is normal (no overvoltage), LED7 lights up, indicating "test power supply is working normally"; if overvoltage occurs, Z5 breaks down and shunts the current, LED7 may turn off or its brightness may change, indicating "overvoltage fault". Reverse connection protection Schottky diode D1: Utilizing the characteristics of "low forward voltage drop and fast switching speed" of Schottky diodes, it achieves unidirectional conduction + reverse connection protection—only allowing current to flow from the power supply side to the subsequent stage, avoiding damage to the circuit when the power supply is reverse connected. D32 and D7 (1.5SMC24A, TVS diodes): These are transient voltage suppressor diodes. When the pulse voltage exceeds the TVS breakdown voltage, the TVS conducts instantaneously, clamping the overvoltage to a safe range and protecting subsequent circuits. ARRESTER12_GC75L (surge protectors) F1 and F4: These are used to handle surge overvoltages caused by lightning strikes, switching transients, etc. When a surge occurs, the internal nonlinear components quickly conduct, dissipating the overvoltage energy from CGND to GND, preventing damage to the equipment from high voltage. SNT4 (DC-DC converter, F0512XT-1WR3): This is an isolated power module. USB power is supplied via pins 1 and 2, outputting a stable -12V DC power.

[0033] In power input module 8, such as Figure 9 As shown, the USB-C port is connected to an external 5V 250mA DC power supply, which is connected to pins 1 and 2 of the FOS12XT isolation power supply SN3. Pins 3 and 4 output -12V power. If there is voltage input, LED10 illuminates to prevent it from going out. Diodes D17 and D44 provide reverse connection protection, and resistor R2 is a current-limiting resistor. When the 5ETH935 push-button switch U$1 is closed, the -12V power path is connected, supplying power to the subsequent reset circuit; when it is open, the -12V power supply is cut off, and the circuit enters a "standby / off" state, realizing "power enable control". Relay U$3 is closed; when the push-button switch is opened, relay U$3 opens, resetting the contacts. IC1 (LM317 adjustable linear regulator): receives the -12V power supply (after switch control), and through the voltage divider network formed by the ADJ pin and R42 (750Ω) and R49 (240Ω), outputs a stable reset voltage to provide "reset power" for the system, triggering the system reset operation.

[0034] D34 (MMSD4148T1G diode): Provides "reverse protection" for the input voltage, preventing damage to the LM317 from reverse connection of the -12V power supply; D35 and D36 (MMSD4148T1G diodes): provide "clamping protection" for the RESET+ / - signal to prevent transient overvoltage (such as electrostatic discharge, power fluctuations) from damaging the reset circuit; C7 (100nF capacitor): Filter capacitor, smooths the reset voltage output of LM317, filters out high-frequency noise, ensures stable reset signal, and makes system reset more reliable.

[0035] The D38 (MMSD4148T1G diode) works in conjunction with the contacts of relay U$3 to provide freewheeling current for the relay coil. When the coil is de-energized, a reverse electromotive force is generated, and the D38 conducts to provide a discharge path, preventing overvoltage damage to the relay.

[0036] R43 (220Ω resistor): It can be connected in series with potential LEDs to provide current limiting protection. If there are status indicator LEDs, their operating current can be limited to prevent them from burning out. Example

[0037] In LDO module 9, such as Figure 10 As shown, the IC8 low-dropout linear regulator DBVTPS7B4255 converts the input voltage (Vin) into a stable output voltage (Vout). Its characteristics include "low dropout voltage (low input-output voltage difference) and low noise," making it suitable for powering circuits with high power supply accuracy requirements. Pin 3 (Vin): Input voltage terminal, receives the external LDO_VCC voltage; Pin 4 (Vout): Regulated output terminal, outputs a stable voltage VCC+ to power the subsequent load; Pin 1 (ADJ / EN): Adjustment / Enable terminal, receives the U_REF reference voltage, used to "set the output voltage" or "enable LDO operation" (if enabled, high / low levels control LDO on / off); Pin 2 (GND): Ground terminal, provides a reference ground for the LDO; Pin 5 (NC): Empty pin, no electrical connection. C3 (capacitor): Connected in parallel between LDO_VCC and ground, it is an input filter capacitor. Its function is to "filter out high-frequency noise in the LDO_VCC input voltage", making the voltage input to the LDO cleaner and improving the voltage regulation accuracy. C4 (capacitor): Connected in parallel between VCC+ output terminal and ground, it is an output filter capacitor. Its function is to "filter out ripple and high-frequency noise in the LDO output voltage VCC+", making the output voltage smoother and more stable, providing "noise-free" power to the downstream load.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multifunctional fault recording electronic component, the electronic component having an external connection port, characterized in that, The electronic components include an operational amplifier module, a fault detection unit connected to the operational amplifier module, a signal processing module connected to the operational amplifier module, an LDO module connected to the operational amplifier module, a power supply test module connected to the operational amplifier module, and a power supply input module. The fault detection unit disconnects the external connection port of the electronic components through the signal processing module based on the operational amplifier module; The fault detection unit is equipped with a diode for indicating a fault signal and a reset circuit for the diode for indicating the fault signal. The power supply test module is equipped with a grounding circuit and a protection circuit. The protection circuit releases overvoltage energy through the grounding circuit. The power input module includes a reset circuit, and the LDO module is used to receive a reference voltage and set the output voltage.

2. The multifunctional fault recording electronic component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fault detection unit includes at least four fault detection modules, all of which are electrically connected in parallel to the operational amplifier module and the signal processing module.

3. The multifunctional fault recording electronic component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operational amplifier module is used to generate a fault trigger signal and output the signal to the signal processing module.

4. The multifunctional fault recording electronic component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operational amplifier module has a proportionally amplified internal resistance and an external resistor for adjusting the input reference voltage.

5. A multifunctional fault recording electronic component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protection circuit includes a Zener diode, a diode for indicating current flow, and a TVS diode. The Zener diode is used to clamp overvoltage.

6. A multifunctional fault recording electronic component according to claim 5, characterized in that, The grounding circuit includes a surge protector, which is used to switch the conduction of CGND and GND.

7. A multifunctional fault recording electronic component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reset circuit includes a relay and an adjustable linear regulator. The adjustable linear regulator outputs a stable reset voltage to trigger the relay to perform a reset operation.

8. A multifunctional fault recording electronic component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The LDO module is also used to compare the output voltage with the reference voltage and generate an error signal.

9. A multifunctional fault recording electronic component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power test module is electrically connected to the power input module.

Images