purse seine weather station

Abstract

The utility model relates to photovoltaic power generation field meteorological monitoring technical field discloses a kind of purse net weather station. The weather station is installed in the periphery of photovoltaic site to avoid photovoltaic panel shielding, ensure that meteorological data is accurate. Weather station includes main control unit, display unit, input unit, storage unit, wireless communication unit, sensor interface unit, GPS module and power unit. Local parameter setting and display are realized using OLED display screen and key to construct man-machine interface;Adopt high-power LORA module to support wireless ad hoc network, improve system redundancy;Power unit has voltage detection and dual power supply system, guarantee stable operation. Overall, improve the meteorological monitoring convenience and system robustness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of meteorological monitoring technology for photovoltaic power plants, and discloses a fenced meteorological station. Background Technology

[0002] In the photovoltaic (PV) power generation field, PV tracking systems require real-time and accurate meteorological data, such as wind speed and direction, to ensure safe operation. Existing weather stations are typically installed nearby within the PV field, but in large-scale PV fields, shading by the PV panels can affect the accuracy of meteorological data collection, especially wind speed and direction data. Furthermore, on-site installation and commissioning require the use of third-party equipment such as handheld terminals or laptops, which is inconvenient; key parameters cannot be entered and modified locally; and each weather station operates independently, lacking redundancy, meaning that a malfunction will affect the control of the PV tracking systems in the covered area. Therefore, an improved weather station solution is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical shortcomings, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a perimeter weather station that solves the problems of meteorological data being obstructed by photovoltaic panels, inconvenient debugging, lack of local interaction, and insufficient system redundancy in the existing technology.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, this utility model provides a perimeter weather station, comprising: 1. a main control unit, a display unit, an input unit, a storage unit, a wireless communication unit, a sensor interface unit, a GPS module, and a power supply unit; The main control unit uses a microcontroller; The display unit is a display screen, which is connected to the main control unit; The input unit is a button, which is connected to the main control unit; The storage unit is a non-volatile memory and is connected to the main control unit; The wireless communication unit is a wireless module and is connected to the main control unit; The sensor interface unit includes connection terminals for connecting an anemometer, a laser snow depth transmitter, and a radar level gauge, which are respectively connected to the main control unit. The GPS module is connected to the main control unit; The power supply unit includes a voltage detection circuit, which is connected to the main control unit.

[0005] Preferably, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the main control unit is connected to a hardware watchdog circuit.

[0006] Preferably, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the microcontroller is an STM32F429IGT6 microcontroller.

[0007] Preferably, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the display unit and the input unit constitute a human-computer interaction interface for parameter setting and data display.

[0008] Preferably, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the input unit further includes a DIP switch for selecting the operating mode or querying the status.

[0009] Preferably, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the storage unit stores key parameters, including motherboard address, wireless communication parameters, and sensor parameters.

[0010] Preferably, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the wireless communication unit is a high-power LoRa module.

[0011] Preferably, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the sensor interface unit includes multiple serial ports for connecting various sensors.

[0012] Preferably, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the power supply unit includes a 5V power supply system and a 24V power supply system, wherein the 5V power supply system supplies power to the main control unit and the 24V power supply system supplies power to the sensor.

[0013] Preferably, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the perimeter weather station further includes sensor status indicator lights and system operation indicator lights, which are connected to the main control unit for status monitoring.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by installing the weather station on the periphery of the photovoltaic site, shading by the photovoltaic panels is avoided, ensuring the accuracy of meteorological data; an OLED display screen and independent buttons form a human-machine interface, enabling local parameter setting and data display without the need for third-party equipment; a high-power LoRa module is used to achieve a wireless self-organizing network, allowing data exchange between weather stations, and slave stations automatically becoming the master station in case of master station failure, improving system redundancy and reliability; the power supply unit has a voltage detection function, and the dual power supply system ensures stability; the storage unit saves key parameters, which are not lost in the event of power failure. Overall, this improves the convenience of meteorological monitoring and the robustness of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This application provides a structural diagram of a perimeter weather station. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0018] Example 1: As Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a perimeter weather station, including a main control unit, a display unit, an input unit, a storage unit, a wireless communication unit, a sensor interface unit, a GPS module, and a power supply unit.

[0019] The main control unit uses a microcontroller as its core control component. The microcontroller is an STM32F429IGT6 single-chip microcontroller. The main control unit coordinates the work of all units, including data acquisition, calculation, storage, and communication control. The main control unit also connects to a hardware watchdog circuit, which monitors the system's operating status and automatically resets the system when the program malfunctions or crashes, ensuring stable system operation. The hardware watchdog circuit is connected to the microcontroller and monitored via a timing signal.

[0020] The display unit is a screen, specifically an OLED display. The OLED display is connected to the main control unit and is used to display various meteorological data, system parameters, and status information. The displayed content includes date, time, longitude, latitude, wind speed, wind direction, snow depth, liquid level, input voltage, device address, and wireless channel. The display unit supports switching between Chinese and English languages ​​via a DIP switch.

[0021] The input unit includes buttons and DIP switches. The buttons, connected to the main control unit, are used for parameter setting and operation control. The buttons include up, down, left, right, confirm, and back buttons. Users can navigate menus, modify parameters, and confirm operations using the buttons. The DIP switches, also part of the input unit, are used for selecting operating modes or querying status. Each DIP switch has multiple sub-switches, each corresponding to a different function, such as disabling GPS display, checking sensor status, resetting the wireless module, or switching display languages. The input unit and display unit together form the human-machine interface for local parameter setting and data display.

[0022] The storage unit employs non-volatile memory, specifically an EEPROM storage chip. Connected to the main control unit, the storage unit stores critical parameters, including the motherboard address, wireless communication parameters, and sensor parameters. The motherboard address identifies each perimeter weather station; wireless communication parameters include channel, address, network ID, and airspeed; and sensor parameters include calibration data and configuration information. The storage unit features power-off retention to ensure parameters are not lost after power failure.

[0023] The wireless communication unit is a wireless module, preferably a high-power LoRa module. The wireless communication unit connects to the main control unit to enable wireless self-organizing networking and data exchange between the perimeter meteorological stations. The LoRa module has long-distance communication capabilities, with a communication range of 2 to 3 kilometers, a frequency band between 850 and 930 MHz, and an adjustable air rate, such as 9.6 Kbps or 2.4 Kbps. The wireless communication unit supports broadcast mode, sending meteorological data to multiple communication boxes. The main perimeter meteorological station queries data from the perimeter meteorological stations via the wireless module and performs comparison processing.

[0024] The sensor interface unit includes multiple serial ports for connecting various sensors. It also has connection terminals for connecting anemometers, laser snow depth transmitters, and radar level gauges. The anemometers collect wind speed and direction data, the laser snow depth transmitter collects snow depth data, and the radar level gauge collects liquid level depth data. The sensor interface unit communicates with the main control unit via serial ports. The main control unit collects sensor data and performs calculations and processing. The sensor interface unit also provides a power supply terminal to power the sensors.

[0025] The GPS module connects to the main control unit to acquire positioning data and time information. The GPS module receives satellite signals and outputs longitude, latitude, and time data. The main control unit processes the GPS data and displays it on the screen. The GPS module has status indicator lights to indicate the positioning status; for example, a solid light indicates no positioning, while flashing lights indicate successful positioning.

[0026] The power supply unit includes a voltage detection circuit connected to the main control unit. It employs a dual power supply system: a 5V system and a 24V system. The 5V system powers the main control unit and peripheral circuits, while the 24V system powers the sensors. The voltage detection circuit monitors the input voltage in real time; when the voltage exceeds or falls below a set threshold, the main control unit issues a fault signal. The power supply unit's input voltage range is 180 to 264VAC, converted via a switching power supply.

[0027] The perimeter weather station also includes sensor status indicator lights and system operation indicator lights. The sensor status indicator lights are connected to the main control unit and indicate the sensor's operating status. When all sensors are functioning normally, the indicator lights are constantly on; if there is an abnormality, the indicator lights flash. The system operation indicator lights are also connected to the main control unit and indicate the system's operating status. The system operation indicator lights flash in a breathing light pattern, indicating that the program is executing normally; if the frequency changes or the lights remain constantly on and off, it indicates a system malfunction.

[0028] The workflow of the perimeter weather station is as follows: After the system is powered on, the main control unit initializes each module. First, it reads the parameter register of the LORA module; if the read fails, an error message is displayed on the screen. Then, the system enters the parameter setting mode or the main display interface. Users can set parameters using buttons and DIP switches. Parameter settings include motherboard address, display duration, wireless channel, wireless address, network ID, air speed, number of weather stations, reset time, etc. The settings are saved to the EEPROM.

[0029] The main display interface has three screens that cycle through the data. The first screen displays the date, time, longitude, and latitude. The second screen displays wind speed, wind direction, snow depth, and liquid level. The third screen displays the input voltage, device address, wireless channel, and wireless address. The display duration for each screen is adjustable.

[0030] The perimeter weather station supports a master-slave working mode. Multiple perimeter weather stations form a network. The master station queries data from the slave stations, compares the data, takes the maximum value, and then broadcasts it to the communication box. If the master station fails, a slave station automatically becomes the new master, ensuring system redundancy. Stations with lower IP addresses are given priority to become the master.

[0031] The sensor data acquisition cycle is approximately once per second, and the GPS data acquisition cycle is approximately once every 30 seconds. Data is transmitted via a wireless module, and the communication protocol includes CRC checksum to ensure data reliability.

[0032] In terms of indicator light functionality, the sensor status indicator lights comprehensively indicate the status of the GPS, wind speed sensor, snow depth sensor, liquid level sensor, LORA module, and voltage detection. If any abnormality is detected, the indicator lights will flash. A system operation breathing light indicates the program's running status. Additionally, there are dedicated indicator lights for communication failures and sensor communication status.

[0033] The DIP switches provide advanced functions. For example, one DIP switch disables the GPS display, another checks for sensor malfunctions, a third DIP switch resets the LoRa module, a fourth DIP switch sets the GPS baud rate, a fifth DIP switch checks for master-slave communication malfunctions, a sixth DIP switch initializes the display, a seventh DIP switch disables the snow depth sensor, and an eighth DIP switch switches the display language.

[0034] Power supply voltage detection is achieved via an ADC, and the real-time voltage value is displayed on an OLED. The system alarms in case of a power supply failure.

[0035] The installation and commissioning of the perimeter weather station are simple. Users do not need third-party equipment; parameter settings and status monitoring can be completed through a local human-machine interface. The perimeter weather station is suitable for large-scale photovoltaic sites, improving the accuracy of meteorological data and system reliability. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model and their equivalents, this utility model also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A fenced weather station, characterized in that, It includes a main control unit, a display unit, an input unit, a storage unit, a wireless communication unit, a sensor interface unit, a GPS module, and a power supply unit; The main control unit uses a microcontroller; The display unit is a display screen, which is connected to the main control unit; The input unit is a button, which is connected to the main control unit; The storage unit is a non-volatile memory and is connected to the main control unit; The wireless communication unit is a wireless module and is connected to the main control unit; The sensor interface unit includes connection terminals for connecting an anemometer, a laser snow depth transmitter, and a radar level gauge, which are respectively connected to the main control unit. The GPS module is connected to the main control unit; The power supply unit includes a voltage detection circuit, which is connected to the main control unit.

2. The perimeter fencing weather station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control unit is connected to a hardware watchdog circuit.

3. A perimeter weather station according to claim 2, characterized in that, The microcontroller is an STM32F429IGT6 microcontroller.

4. A perimeter weather station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display unit and the input unit constitute a human-computer interaction interface for parameter setting and data display.

5. A perimeter weather station according to claim 4, characterized in that, The input unit also includes a DIP switch for selecting the operating mode or querying the status.

6. A perimeter weather station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The storage unit stores key parameters, including motherboard address, wireless communication parameters, and sensor parameters.

7. A perimeter weather station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wireless communication unit is a high-power LoRa module.

8. A perimeter weather station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor interface unit includes multiple serial ports for connecting various sensors.

9. A perimeter weather station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply unit includes a 5V power supply system and a 24V power supply system. The 5V power supply system supplies power to the main control unit, and the 24V power supply system supplies power to the sensors.

10. A perimeter weather station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perimeter weather station also includes sensor status indicator lights and system operation indicator lights, which are connected to the main control unit for status monitoring.

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