An adjustable high-precision fiber connector

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of optical fiber communication connecting devices, in particular to an adjustable high-precision optical fiber connector which comprises a main shell, a plug core assembly, a multi-degree-of-freedom adjusting mechanism and a locking unit; the plug core assembly is arranged in the main shell and realizes submicron fine adjustment of the plug core in the axial, radial and angular directions through three 120-degree-distributed fine adjustment push rods; a slope guide pair of a guide cone hole and a floating sleeve is used to limit deflection and guide reset; and the locking unit is axially compressed and fixed after adjustment. The structure effectively compensates manufacturing tolerances and thermal deformation, significantly reduces insertion loss and return loss, and improves optical signal transmission precision and environmental adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of optical fiber communication technology, specifically an adjustable high-precision optical fiber connector. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of optical fiber communication technology, optical fiber connectors, as key components in optical transmission systems, have a decisive impact on signal transmission quality due to their mating accuracy, stability, and adjustability. However, existing optical fiber connectors still have many shortcomings in practical applications. For example, most connectors have a fixed structure and lack the ability to fine-tune the ferrule position. During assembly or use, it is difficult to compensate for axial or radial offsets caused by manufacturing tolerances, thermal expansion and contraction, or external disturbances, resulting in increased insertion loss and return loss, which seriously affects the high-precision transmission of optical signals.

[0003] A search revealed a fiber optic connector with publication number CN109557620B, published on April 20, 2021. This patent, proposed by TE Connectivity (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., and others, includes two connector parts, a pivotable locking element, and a protective cover. Polarity switching is achieved by rotating the front housing around the sleeve axis, while also allowing adjustment of the spacing between the two sleeves. Although this design offers some spacing adjustment capability, its adjustment mechanism is limited to preset mechanical mounting slots, making continuous and precise positional adjustments impossible. Furthermore, the adjustment process relies on the cooperation of an external retainer and a side slot, making operation complex and difficult to achieve high-precision alignment in confined spaces, thus failing to meet the sub-micron level docking accuracy requirements of modern high-speed optical communication systems.

[0004] A search revealed a fiber optic connector with publication number CN113156588B, published on March 18, 2025. This patent, proposed by Jiangsu Yute Optoelectronic Technology Co., Ltd., describes a structure comprising a rotating component and a locking mechanism that can rotate relative to the internal main body. The locking action is achieved by moving the outer shell to push the rotating component. While this solution introduces a rotation and locking linkage mechanism to improve connection stability, it does not address the active adjustment function for the fiber optic ferrule position. The internal ceramic ferrule is fixed to the front end of the internal main body, making dynamic calibration in the X, Y, or Z directions impossible. Any assembly deviation or external disturbance will directly lead to end-face misalignment, increasing optical path loss and making it unsuitable for scenarios requiring extremely high connection accuracy, such as data centers, 5G fronthaul, or coherent optical communication.

[0005] The aforementioned problems indicate that existing fiber optic connectors generally lack an integrated, field-operable, high-precision fine-tuning mechanism, making it impossible to compensate for positional deviations in real time during connection, thus limiting their application in high-bandwidth, low-loss optical interconnect systems. Therefore, this invention provides an adjustable high-precision fiber optic connector that, by introducing a multi-degree-of-freedom fine-tuning structure and a precision guiding mechanism, achieves precise calibration and stable locking of the ferrule position, thereby significantly reducing insertion loss and return loss, and improving the reliability and adaptability of the optical connection. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adjustable high-precision fiber optic connector to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that the existing fiber optic connector has a fixed structure and cannot make real-time fine adjustments to the ferrule in the axial, radial and angular directions, resulting in end face misalignment caused by manufacturing tolerances, thermal expansion and contraction or external force disturbances, which in turn leads to increased insertion loss and return loss, affecting the high-precision transmission of optical signals.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an adjustable high-precision fiber optic connector, comprising a main housing, a ferrule assembly, a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism, and a locking unit; the main housing has an axially penetrating mounting cavity formed inside, the ferrule assembly is disposed within the mounting cavity, the ferrule assembly includes a ceramic ferrule and a floating sleeve nested outside the ceramic ferrule, and an annular gap is left between the outer wall of the floating sleeve and the inner wall of the mounting cavity; the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism includes three fine-tuning push rods evenly distributed in a 120° circle. One end of each fine-tuning push rod passes through the side wall of the main housing and extends into the mounting cavity. The inner end of each fine-tuning push rod abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the floating sleeve. The outer end of each fine-tuning push rod is connected to a precision threaded adjustment knob. The precision threaded adjustment knob is connected to the side wall of the main housing through a fine thread engagement. The locking unit includes an annular clamping ring and a locking nut. The annular clamping ring is sleeved on the outer circumference of the rear end of the floating sleeve. The locking nut is threaded to the inner wall of the rear end of the main housing and abuts against the rear end face of the annular clamping ring, so that the annular clamping ring axially presses against the floating sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, the front end of the main housing is provided with a guide cone hole, the inner diameter of which gradually decreases from the front end to the rear end. The outer periphery of the front end of the floating sleeve is provided with a tapered mating section that matches the guide cone hole. The tapered mating section and the guide cone hole form an inclined guide pair, which is used to limit the tilt angle of the floating sleeve when it deviates radially, and guide it to return to its original position along the axis.

[0009] Preferably, the inner end face of the fine-tuning push rod is provided with a spherical contact head, and the corresponding position on the outer periphery of the floating sleeve is provided with an arc-shaped groove. The spherical contact head is embedded in the arc-shaped groove, so that the fine-tuning push rod only transmits normal thrust when pushing the floating sleeve, avoiding torque interference with the attitude of the ferrule end face.

[0010] Preferably, the outer periphery of the precision threaded adjustment knob is provided with a scale ring, the scale ring is provided with a scale line with a division of 0.01mm, and the corresponding position of the outer wall of the main housing is provided with an indicator mark, which is used to read the advance amount of the fine adjustment push rod to achieve sub-micron level position adjustment.

[0011] Preferably, the floating sleeve has an annular step on the outer periphery of its rear end, and the front edge of the inner hole of the annular clamping ring abuts against the rear end face of the annular step. The outer diameter of the annular clamping ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting cavity of the main housing, so that the annular clamping ring only applies axial clamping force to the floating sleeve under the action of the locking nut, without generating radial constraint, thus preserving the degree of freedom after fine adjustment.

[0012] Preferably, the rear section of the inner wall of the locking nut is provided with an internal hexagon countersunk hole, which facilitates the application of locking torque using an internal hexagon wrench; an elastic washer is provided between the front end face of the locking nut and the annular clamping ring. The elastic washer is made of phosphor bronze material with a thickness of 0.3mm, which provides preload buffer during the locking process to prevent overpressure from causing deformation of the ferrule end face.

[0013] Preferably, a positioning flange is provided in the middle of the outer wall of the main housing. The positioning flange has four evenly distributed mounting through holes for fixing the connector as a whole to the device panel or adapter seat. The end face of the positioning flange is provided with an annular sealing groove, and a fluororubber O-ring is embedded in the annular sealing groove to achieve an airtight fit between the connector and the mounting base.

[0014] Preferably, the ceramic ferrule is connected to a fiber optic protective sleeve at its rear end. The fiber optic protective sleeve passes through the central hole at the rear end of the main housing and extends to the outside. The inner wall of the central hole at the rear end of the main housing is provided with a stepped hole structure. A stress-relieving rubber ring is embedded in the large-diameter section of the stepped hole. The stress-relieving rubber ring wraps around the outer wall of the fiber optic protective sleeve, absorbing external tensile and bending stresses and preventing stress from being transmitted to the end face of the ceramic ferrule.

[0015] Preferably, the axes of the three fine-tuning push rods intersect at the geometric center of the floating sleeve, and the angle between the axis of each fine-tuning push rod and the axis of the main housing is 15°, so that the axial displacement of any fine-tuning push rod can be decomposed into radial and axial components. By combining and adjusting the advance amount of the three fine-tuning push rods, the insert can be offset in any direction in the X and Y planes and move slightly forward and backward in the Z-axis direction, thus completing the six-degree-of-freedom calibration in three-dimensional space.

[0016] Preferably, the main housing is made of Invar steel, with a coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. -6 / ℃, the floating sleeve is made of silicon carbide ceramic composite material with a coefficient of thermal expansion of 3.5×10. -6 / ℃, after the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the two is compensated by structural design, the relative displacement of the ferrule end face does not exceed 0.2μm within the working temperature range of -40℃ to +85℃, ensuring connection stability in high or low temperature environments.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: the ferrule assembly is located inside the main housing, and the ferrule can be finely adjusted in the axial, radial and angular directions by three 120° evenly distributed micro-adjustment push rods. The guide cone hole and the inclined guide pair of the floating sleeve limit the deflection and guide the reset. The locking unit is axially pressed and fixed after adjustment. This structure effectively compensates for manufacturing tolerances and thermal deformation, significantly reduces insertion loss and return loss, and improves the optical signal transmission accuracy and environmental adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model from another angle.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the outer structure of the fine-tuning push rod.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A magnified diagram of region A.

[0022] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Main housing; 2. Ceramic ferrule; 3. Floating sleeve; 4. Fine-tuning push rod; 5. Precision threaded adjustment knob; 6. Annular clamping ring; 7. Locking nut; 8. Guide cone hole; 9. Conical mating section; 10. Spherical contact head; 11. Arc groove; 12. Scale ring; 13. Indicator mark; 14. Annular step; 15. Elastic washer; 16. Positioning flange; 17. Mounting through hole; 18. Annular sealing groove; 19. Fluororubber O-ring; 20. Fiber optic protective sleeve; 21. Stress relief rubber ring. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Specific implementation examples are given below.

[0025] The specific implementation of this utility model of an adjustable high-precision fiber optic connector is described in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 1 To be continued Figure 4 Provide a detailed explanation; such as Figure 1 As shown, the connector has an overall cylindrical structure, including a main housing 1, a ceramic ferrule 2, a floating sleeve 3, three fine-tuning push rods 4, three precision thread adjustment knobs 5, an annular clamping ring 6, a locking nut 7, a guide cone hole 8, a tapered mating section 9, a spherical contact head 10, an arc-shaped groove 11, a scale ring 12, an indicator mark 13, an annular step 14, an elastic washer 15, a positioning flange 16, a mounting through hole 17, an annular sealing groove 18, a fluororubber O-ring 19, a pigtail protective sleeve 20, and a stress-relieving rubber ring 21; The main housing 1 is an integral metal component with an axially through-hole forming a mounting cavity. The inner diameter of the mounting cavity is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the floating sleeve 3, with a uniform annular gap between them, allowing the floating sleeve 3 to achieve radial offset and axial micro-movement within a limited range within the mounting cavity. The ceramic ferrule 2 is embedded in the central hole of the floating sleeve 3, and the two are fixed by interference fit or bonding to ensure that the ceramic ferrule 2 and the floating sleeve 3 maintain synchronous movement during adjustment. The rear end of the ceramic ferrule 2 extends out of the floating sleeve 3 and connects to the front end of the pigtail protection sleeve 20. The pigtail protection sleeve 20 extends to the outside through the central hole at the rear end of the main housing 1 to guide and protect the pigtail. like Figure 2 As shown, three fine-tuning push rods 4 are evenly distributed at 120° intervals along the circumference of the main housing 1. Each fine-tuning push rod 4 passes through three radial through holes in the side wall of the main housing 1 and enters the mounting cavity. The outer end of each fine-tuning push rod 4 is fixedly connected to a precision threaded adjustment knob 5. The precision threaded adjustment knob 5 is connected to the corresponding threaded hole on the side wall of the main housing 1 through a fine thread. Rotating the precision threaded adjustment knob 5 can drive the fine-tuning push rod 4 to make linear feed or retraction along its axial direction. The inner end of the fine-tuning push rod 4 is provided with a spherical contact head 10, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the outer circumferential surface of the floating sleeve 3 is machined with an arc-shaped groove 11 at the corresponding position, and the spherical contact head 10 is embedded in the arc-shaped groove 11. The two form a point-to-surface contact pair, so that the fine-tuning push rod 4 only applies normal thrust to the floating sleeve 3 during the advancement process, without generating tangential friction or torque. The inner wall of the front end of the main housing 1 is machined with a guide cone hole 8. The inner diameter of the guide cone hole 8 gradually decreases from the front end to the rear end, forming an inner cone surface with a taper of 1:10. The outer periphery of the front end of the floating sleeve 3 is provided with a tapered fitting section 9 that matches the guide cone hole 8. The outer cone surface of the tapered fitting section 9 fits with the inner cone surface of the guide cone hole 8, forming an inclined guide pair. When the floating sleeve 3 is radially offset due to the push of the fine adjustment push rod 4, the inclined fit between the tapered fitting section 9 and the guide cone hole 8 limits its tilt angle and guides the floating sleeve 3 to reset along the axis of the main housing 1 after adjustment, so as to avoid loss of control of the end face posture of the ceramic ferrule 2 due to excessive sway. like Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the floating sleeve 3 has an annular step 14 on its outer circumference at the rear end, and the rear end face of the annular step 14 serves as an axial limiting reference surface; the annular clamping ring 6 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the rear end of the floating sleeve 3, and the front edge of its inner hole abuts against the rear end face of the annular step 14; the outer diameter of the annular clamping ring 6 is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting cavity of the main housing 1, so that it does not contact the inner wall of the main housing 1 when subjected to axial pressure, thereby not applying radial constraint force to the floating sleeve 3; the locking nut 7 is screwed in from the rear end of the main housing 1, and its internal thread is engaged with the external thread of the inner wall of the rear end of the main housing 1; the locking nut 7 An elastic washer 15 is provided between the front end face and the rear end face of the annular clamping ring 6. The elastic washer 15 is stamped from phosphor bronze material with a thickness of 0.3mm, which has good elasticity and fatigue resistance. When the locking nut 7 is tightened, its front end face presses against the elastic washer 15, and the elastic washer 15 transmits the pressure evenly to the annular clamping ring 6, so that the annular clamping ring 6 axially presses against the annular step 14, thereby locking the floating sleeve 3 in the current adjustment position. The rear section of the inner wall of the locking nut 7 is provided with an internal hexagon countersunk hole, which facilitates the application of locking torque using a standard internal hexagon wrench. like Figure 1 As shown, a scale ring 12 is integrally formed on the outer circumference of the precision thread adjustment knob 5. The scale ring 12 is engraved with scale lines with a graduation value of 0.01mm. A fixed indicator mark 13 is provided at the corresponding position on the outer wall of the main housing 1. When the precision thread adjustment knob 5 is rotated, the advance amount of the fine adjustment push rod 4 can be read by the relative position of the indicator mark 13 and the scale ring 12, realizing submicron-level position control. The axes of the three fine adjustment push rods 4 intersect at the geometric center of the floating sleeve 3, and the angle between the axis of each fine adjustment push rod 4 and the axis of the main housing 1 is 15°. Under this spatial arrangement, the axial displacement of any fine adjustment push rod 4 can be decomposed into a radial component perpendicular to the axis of the main housing 1 and an axial component parallel to the axis of the main housing 1. By independently adjusting the rotation angle of the three precision thread adjustment knobs 5, the advance amount of the three fine adjustment push rods 4 can be controlled respectively, and then combined to realize the arbitrary direction offset of the floating sleeve 3 in the X and Y planes and the slight advance and retreat along the Z axis, and finally complete the six-degree-of-freedom calibration of the ceramic ferrule 2 in three-dimensional space. A positioning flange 16 is provided in the middle of the outer wall of the main housing 1. The positioning flange 16 is perpendicular to the axis of the main housing 1. Four evenly distributed mounting through holes 17 are opened on its end face for fixing the connector to the equipment panel or adapter seat by screws. The front end face of the positioning flange 16 is machined with an annular sealing groove 18, and a fluororubber O-ring 19 is embedded in the annular sealing groove 18. When the connector is installed to the base, the fluororubber O-ring 19 is compressed to form an airtight fit to prevent external dust and moisture from entering the connector. like Figure 4As shown, the central hole at the rear end of the main housing 1 has a stepped hole structure, including a small-diameter hole at the front and a large-diameter hole at the rear. The pigtail protective sleeve 20 extends to the outside through the small-diameter hole and the large-diameter hole in sequence. A stress-relieving rubber ring 21 is embedded in the large-diameter hole section. The stress-relieving rubber ring 21 is made of silicone rubber or polyurethane material, and its inner hole tightly wraps the outer wall of the pigtail protective sleeve 20. When the pigtail is subjected to external tension or bending, the stress-relieving rubber ring 21 absorbs mechanical stress through its own elastic deformation, prevents stress from being transmitted to the end face of the ceramic ferrule 2, and avoids end face misalignment caused by pigtail disturbance. The main shell 1 is made of Invar steel, which has a coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. -6 / ℃; The floating sleeve 3 is made of silicon carbide ceramic composite material, with a coefficient of thermal expansion of 3.5×10. -6 / ℃; In the structural design, the thermal expansion difference between the two materials is compensated by controlling the fit clearance between the floating sleeve 3 and the main housing 1, the taper of the guide cone hole 8 and the cone fitting section 9, and the arrangement angle of the fine-tuning push rod 4; In the working temperature range of -40℃ to +85℃, the maximum relative displacement of the end face of the ceramic insert 2 relative to the ideal mating position does not exceed 0.2μm; In the actual assembly process, firstly, the ceramic ferrule 2 is installed into the floating sleeve 3 and fixed. Then, the pigtail protective sleeve 20 is connected to the rear end of the ceramic ferrule 2, and the assembled component is installed into the mounting cavity from the front end of the main housing 1. Subsequently, three fine-tuning push rods 4 are inserted into the radial through holes on the side wall of the main housing 1, so that their spherical contact heads 10 are embedded in the arc-shaped grooves 11 on the outer periphery of the floating sleeve 3. The precision threaded adjustment knob 5 is screwed into the threaded hole on the side wall of the main housing 1 and connected to the outer end of the fine-tuning push rod 4. Next, the annular clamping ring 6 is placed on the rear end of the floating sleeve 3, and then the elastic washer 15 and the locking nut 7 are installed from the rear end of the main housing 1 in sequence. The locking nut 7 is initially tightened to make the floating sleeve 3 more stable. The sleeve 3 is in an adjustable but not loose state; then, the connector is installed into the test platform or adapter, and the alignment status of the ceramic ferrule 2 end face and the opposite ferrule is monitored by optical inspection equipment. According to the inspection results, the three precision thread adjustment knobs 5 are rotated to adjust the advance amount of the fine adjustment push rod 4 until the end face misalignment is minimized and the optical signal transmission performance is optimal; after adjustment, the locking nut 7 is further tightened with an Allen wrench so that the annular clamping ring 6 presses against the annular step 14, locking the floating sleeve 3 in the current position; finally, the connector is fixed to the equipment panel through the mounting through hole 17 on the positioning flange 16. The fluororubber O-ring 19 is compressed during the installation process to achieve a seal; Throughout the adjustment process, because the axis of the fine-tuning push rod 4 forms a 15° angle with the axis of the main housing 1, the advancement of any fine-tuning push rod 4 not only produces radial displacement but also a slight axial displacement. For example, when only the fine-tuning push rod 4 located in the positive X-axis direction is adjusted, the floating sleeve 3 will shift in the negative X-axis direction and slightly retract along the Z-axis. If two fine-tuning push rods 4 in the X-axis and Y-axis directions are adjusted simultaneously, planar displacement in any direction can be achieved. If all three fine-tuning push rods 4 are advanced synchronously by the same distance, the displacement mainly occurs in the Z-axis direction. Axial displacement; through mathematical modeling, a mapping relationship between the pushing amount of the three fine-tuning push rods 4 and the spatial pose of the floating sleeve 3 can be established, thereby achieving precise control; in addition, the fit between the guide cone hole 8 and the cone-shaped mating section 9 ensures that the floating sleeve 3 does not tilt too much during the offset process, maintaining the parallelism of the end face of the ceramic ferrule 2; the fit between the spherical contact head 10 and the arc-shaped groove 11 avoids jamming or torsion during the adjustment process; the setting of the elastic washer 15 prevents the end face of the ceramic ferrule 2 from developing micro-cracks or deformation due to overpressure during the locking process; This connector is suitable for high-density optical communication systems, precision optical measurement equipment, and aerospace optical interconnects, where insertion loss and return loss requirements are stringent. Before system integration, the connector's multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment function can compensate for end-face misalignment caused by manufacturing tolerances, assembly errors, and changes in ambient temperature, ensuring that the optical path alignment accuracy reaches the sub-micron level. In order to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and implement the technical solution of this utility model, the following describes the operating principle and adjustment mechanism of the adjustable high-precision fiber optic connector of this utility model in detail, taking into account a typical application scenario—the assembly process of optical modules in a high-density data center. In data center optical interconnect systems, the mating requirements between optical modules and backplane adapters are insertion loss below 0.1dB and return loss above 60dB, which imposes sub-micron level requirements on the alignment accuracy of the ferrule end face. Due to the ±2μm manufacturing tolerance between the optical module housing and the adapter socket, and the fact that the ambient temperature may rise from 25℃ to 70℃ during equipment operation, causing thermal expansion of the metal structural components, traditional fixed connectors are difficult to maintain stable alignment. In this case, the adjustable high-precision fiber optic connector described in this utility model can compensate for the above deviations through on-site fine-tuning. First, the floating sleeve 3 assembly, pre-installed with ceramic ferrule 2 and fiber optic protective sleeve 20, is inserted into the mounting cavity from the front end of the main housing 1, ensuring that the fiber optic tail of the ceramic ferrule 2 passes through the stepped hole at the rear end of the main housing 1 and is wrapped around the outer wall of the fiber optic protective sleeve 20 by the stress-relieving rubber ring 21. Then, three fine-tuning push rods 4 are inserted into the three radial through holes 17 on the side wall of the main housing 1, so that the spherical contact head 10 at the inner end of each fine-tuning push rod 4 is accurately embedded in the arc-shaped groove 11 at the corresponding position on the outer periphery of the floating sleeve 3. This point-to-surface contact structure ensures that the thrust is transmitted only along the normal direction, avoiding the introduction of tangential disturbance. Next, the precision threaded adjustment knob 5 is screwed into the threaded hole on the side wall of the main housing 1 and fixed to the outer end of the fine-tuning push rod 4. The locking nut 7 is initially screwed in, so that it lightly presses the annular clamping ring 6 through the elastic washer 15, so that the floating sleeve 3 is in a state where it can move freely but is not loose. Subsequently, the entire connector is fixed to the optical module panel through the four mounting through holes 17 on the positioning flange 16. The fluororubber O-ring 19 is compressed when the flange face is in contact with the panel to form a sealing interface and prevent dust from entering the internal optical path area. The front end of the connector is inserted into the standard adapter and initially connected to the ceramic ferrule at the opposite end. At this time, the transmitted optical power or end face gap is monitored in real time by an external optical power meter or interferometer. It is found that there is a 0.8μm offset in the X direction and a 0.3μm gap in the Z direction due to assembly tolerance. Based on the test results, the operator rotates the precision threaded adjustment knob 5 located in the positive X-axis direction. The 0.01mm graduation line on its outer circumferential scale ring 12 moves 3 divisions relative to the indicator mark 13 on the main housing 1, which advances the fine adjustment push rod 430μm. Since the axis of the fine adjustment push rod 4 forms a 15° angle with the axis of the main housing 1, this advance is spatially decomposed into: radial component Δr = 30μm × sin(15°) ≈ 7.76μm, axial component Δz = 30μm × cos(15°) ≈ 28.98μm. However, because the tapered fitting section 9 at the front end of the floating sleeve 3 and the guide tapered hole 8 at the front end of the main housing 1 form a 1:10 inclined plane pair (taper angle of about 5.71°), this axial component is partially converted into a reverse radial constraint. After the actual net displacement is calculated by the mechanism kinematic model, the floating sleeve 3 moves about 0.75μm in the negative X direction and retreats about 0.25μm in the Z direction, effectively offsetting the initial misalignment. To further optimize the alignment in the Y direction, the precision threaded adjustment knob 5 in the Y-axis direction is simultaneously fine-tuned, with an advance amount set to 20μm. Through the constraint of similar decomposition and guide cone hole 8, a 0.5μm correction in the Y direction is achieved. Finally, under the coordinated action of the three-axis adjustment, the end face of the ceramic ferrule 2 and the opposite end ferrule are coplanar and parallel, with a center alignment error of less than 0.15μm. At this time, the locking nut 7 is tightened with an Allen wrench, and its front end face presses against the elastic washer 15. The elastic washer 15 transmits uniform pressure to the annular clamping ring 6. The front edge of the inner hole of the annular clamping ring 6 abuts against the rear end face of the annular step 14 at the rear end of the floating sleeve 3, completing the axial locking. Since the outer diameter of the annular clamping ring 6 is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting cavity of the main housing 1, no radial clamping force is generated during the locking process, avoiding damage to the adjusted position. Throughout the adjustment and locking process, the inclined surface fit between the guide cone hole 8 and the tapered mating section 9 always limits the maximum tilt angle of the floating sleeve 3 to no more than 0.3°, ensuring the parallelism of the end face of the ceramic insert 2; the rolling contact of the spherical contact head 10 in the arc groove 11 avoids friction and jamming, ensuring smooth adjustment; and the main housing 1 is made of Invar steel and the floating sleeve 3 is made of silicon carbide ceramic composite material, which are heterogeneous materials. Through the coordinated design of a 15° push rod arrangement angle and a 1:10 guide taper, the end face drift caused by thermal expansion difference is controlled within 0.2μm under temperature change from -40℃ to +85℃, meeting the long-term operation stability requirements; Therefore, this utility model achieves precise, stable, and repeatable adjustment of the fiber optic ferrule position under complex working conditions through a multi-degree-of-freedom fine-tuning mechanism, an inclined plane guide and reset structure, a frictionless contact pair, and a thermal deformation compensation design. This solves the technical bottleneck of existing connectors that cannot dynamically compensate for assembly and environmental errors.

[0026] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An adjustable high-precision fiber optic connector, characterized in that, The system includes a main housing (1), a ferrule assembly, a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism, and a locking unit. The main housing (1) has an axially penetrating mounting cavity inside. The ferrule assembly is located within the mounting cavity. The ferrule assembly includes a ceramic ferrule (2) and a floating sleeve (3) nested outside the ceramic ferrule (2). An annular gap is left between the outer wall of the floating sleeve (3) and the inner wall of the mounting cavity. The multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism includes three fine-tuning push rods (4) evenly distributed in a 120° circle. One end of each fine-tuning push rod (4) passes through the side wall of the main housing (1) and extends into the mounting cavity. The inner ends of the rods (4) respectively abut against the outer circumferential surface of the floating sleeve (3). The outer ends of each fine adjustment push rod (4) are connected to a precision thread adjustment knob (5). The precision thread adjustment knob (5) is connected to the side wall of the main housing (1) through a fine thread engagement. The locking unit includes an annular clamping ring (6) and a locking nut (7). The annular clamping ring (6) is sleeved on the outer circumference of the rear end of the floating sleeve (3). The locking nut (7) is threaded to the inner wall of the rear end of the main housing (1) and abuts against the rear end face of the annular clamping ring (6), so that the annular clamping ring (6) axially presses the floating sleeve (3).

2. The adjustable high-precision fiber optic connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main housing (1) is provided with a guide cone hole (8) at the front end. The inner diameter of the guide cone hole (8) gradually decreases from the front end to the rear end. The floating sleeve (3) is provided with a tapered mating section (9) that matches the guide cone hole (8) on the outer periphery of the front end. The tapered mating section (9) and the guide cone hole (8) form an inclined guide pair.

3. The adjustable high-precision fiber optic connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner end face of the fine-tuning push rod (4) is provided with a spherical contact head (10), and the outer periphery of the floating sleeve (3) is provided with an arc-shaped groove (11) at the corresponding position. The spherical contact head (10) is embedded in the arc-shaped groove (11).

4. The adjustable high-precision fiber optic connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precision thread adjustment knob (5) is provided with a scale ring (12) on its outer periphery. The scale ring (12) is provided with a scale line with a division of 0.01mm. The corresponding position of the outer wall of the main housing (1) is provided with an indicator mark (13).

5. The adjustable high-precision fiber optic connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating sleeve (3) has an annular step (14) on the outer periphery of its rear end. The front edge of the inner hole of the annular clamping ring (6) abuts against the rear end face of the annular step (14). The outer diameter of the annular clamping ring (6) is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting cavity of the main housing (1).

6. The adjustable high-precision fiber optic connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the locking nut (7) is provided with an internal hexagon countersunk hole at the rear end; an elastic washer (15) is provided between the front end face of the locking nut (7) and the annular clamping ring (6), and the elastic washer (15) is made of phosphor bronze material with a thickness of 0.3mm.

7. The adjustable high-precision fiber optic connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main housing (1) has a positioning flange (16) in the middle of its outer wall. The positioning flange (16) has four evenly distributed mounting through holes (17). The end face of the positioning flange (16) has an annular sealing groove (18), and a fluororubber O-ring (19) is embedded in the annular sealing groove (18).

8. The adjustable high-precision fiber optic connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic ferrule (2) is connected to a pigtail protective sleeve (20) at its rear end. The pigtail protective sleeve (20) passes through the central hole at the rear end of the main housing (1) and extends to the outside. The inner wall of the central hole at the rear end of the main housing (1) is provided with a stepped hole structure. The large diameter section of the stepped hole is fitted with a stress relief rubber ring (21). The stress relief rubber ring (21) wraps around the outer wall of the pigtail protective sleeve (20).

9. The adjustable high-precision fiber optic connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axes of the three fine-tuning push rods (4) intersect at the geometric center of the floating sleeve (3), and the angle between the axis of each fine-tuning push rod (4) and the axis of the main housing (1) is 15°.

10. The adjustable high-precision fiber optic connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main shell (1) is made of Invar steel with a coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. -6 / ℃; The floating sleeve (3) is made of silicon carbide ceramic composite material with a thermal expansion coefficient of 3.5×10. -6 / ℃.

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