A waveguide lens and near-eye display device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a waveguide lens and near -to -eye display equipment, waveguide lens includes waveguide base and at least one curved surface lens, is equipped with output coupler on waveguide base, curved surface lens covers output coupler at least, and output coupler is constituted by the micro - nanometer optical structure of periodic arrangement, and the period D of output coupler satisfies: 0.5*lambda<=D<=2*lambda. Utilize above -mentioned structure, through setting the period of output coupler, make the rainbow stripe on the diffractive optical waveguide of having curved surface lens has been effectively weakened, and still can eliminate rainbow stripe under certain conditions, has promoted the display performance of diffractive optical waveguide, has improved the experience of user.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of waveguide lenses, and in particular to a waveguide lens and a near-eye display device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of semiconductor technology, the way humans interact with computers is evolving at an unprecedented pace. Augmented Reality (AR) technology can provide humans with more multi-dimensional information, and AR glasses are one of the important mediums in the field of augmented reality.

[0003] Specifically, the optical waveguide has a grating structure. Image light is incident on the grating in one region of the waveguide, and after diffraction coupling, it enters the waveguide and undergoes total internal reflection transmission within the waveguide. Then, it encounters the grating in another region, diffracting and coupling it out of the waveguide before entering the human eye, ultimately displaying the virtual image. Simultaneously, ambient light also enters the human eye through the optical waveguide, allowing the user to see not only the virtual image but also the real-world scene. However, when ambient light enters the human eye through the optical waveguide, it interacts with the grating structure on the waveguide, causing diffraction and forming rainbow patterns. This leads to a decrease in the display performance of the optical waveguide and a poor user experience. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a waveguide lens and a near-eye display device to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies. By setting a curved lens and a periodic micro-nano optical structure, the rainbow pattern on the diffractive waveguide is effectively reduced, and under certain conditions, the rainbow pattern can be eliminated, thereby improving the display performance of the diffractive waveguide and enhancing the user experience.

[0005] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a waveguide lens, comprising a waveguide substrate and at least one curved lens; an output coupler is disposed on the waveguide substrate; the curved lens at least covers the output coupler, and the output coupler is composed of periodically arranged micro-nano optical structures, the period D of which satisfies: ;

[0006] θ i θ' represents the angle of ambient light after passing through the curved lens, θ0' represents the angle of diffraction of ambient light when passing through the micro / nano optical structure, λ represents the wavelength of ambient light, and m represents the diffraction order.

[0007] Optionally, the curved lens is a plano-convex lens, and the period D of the output coupler satisfies: 300nm≤D≤400nm; or, the curved lens is a plano-concave lens, and the period D of the output coupler satisfies: 220nm≤D≤300nm.

[0008] Optionally, the shape of the curved lens includes a plano-convex lens, a plano-concave lens, a convex-concave lens, or a Fresnel lens.

[0009] Optionally, the curved lens includes a first curved lens, which is located on the side of the waveguide substrate closer to the user's eye; the first curved lens is either a plano-concave lens or a plano-convex lens, and the radius of curvature R1 of the first surface of the first curved lens satisfies: Where φ is the diopter of the first curved lens, R2 represents the radius of curvature of the second surface of the first curved lens, n represents the refractive index of the first curved lens, and d represents the thickness of the first curved lens.

[0010] Optionally, the curved lens includes a first curved lens; the surface shape of the first curved lens is an aspherical lens; the radius of curvature R1 of the first curved lens satisfies: Where φ is the diopter of the first curved lens, and n represents the refractive index of the first curved lens.

[0011] Optionally, the curved lens may also include a second curved lens, which is attached to the side of the waveguide substrate away from the first curved lens; the second curved lens may be a plano-concave lens or a plano-convex lens.

[0012] Optionally, the curved lens includes a third curved lens, which is located on the side of the waveguide substrate closer to the user's eye. The third curved lens has a plano-concave shape; the radius of curvature R1 of the third curved lens satisfies: Where R2 represents the radius of curvature of the second surface of the third curved lens, n represents the refractive index of the third curved lens, d represents the thickness of the third curved lens, v is the distance between the displayed image and the center of the waveguide lens on the optical axis after the curved lens is set, and u is the distance between the displayed image and the center of the waveguide lens on the optical axis without the curved lens.

[0013] Optionally, the curved lens also includes a fourth curved lens, which is located on the side of the waveguide substrate opposite to the third curved lens. The fourth curved lens is a plano-convex lens; the radius of curvature R1 of the fourth curved lens satisfies: Where R2 represents the radius of curvature of the second surface of the fourth curved lens, n represents the refractive index of the fourth curved lens, d represents the thickness of the fourth curved lens, v is the distance between the displayed image and the center of the waveguide lens on the optical axis after the curved lens is set, and u is the distance between the displayed image and the center of the waveguide lens on the optical axis without the curved lens.

[0014] Optionally, the waveguide substrate and the curved lens are bonded together by a frame bonding method, or the waveguide substrate and the curved lens are bonded together by a full bonding method using adhesive.

[0015] Optionally, the refractive index of the adhesive is in the range of 1.2-2.0.

[0016] Optionally, the waveguide lens may also include a protective sheet; the protective sheet is located between the curved lens and the waveguide substrate.

[0017] Optionally, an input coupler is also provided on the waveguide substrate. Two curved lenses are used, one of which projects onto the waveguide substrate, covering the input coupler, and the other projects onto the waveguide substrate, covering the output coupler. When both curved lenses are plano-concave lenses, they are positioned on opposite sides of the waveguide substrate; when both curved lenses are plano-convex lenses, they are positioned on the side of the waveguide substrate closest to the human eye.

[0018] Secondly, this utility model provides a near-eye display device, including an optical engine and the aforementioned waveguide lens.

[0019] The technical solution of this utility model, by setting a curved lens to at least cover the output coupler, changes the transmission direction of the image light and ambient light output from the output coupler after passing through the curved lens. This allows the light to be imaged on the retina when it finally enters the human eye, or to focus a virtual image that was originally imaged at infinity onto the target position (instead of always being at infinity). This achieves vision correction and / or image correction for the human eye. For nearsighted or farsighted individuals, there is no need for a combination of vision correction lenses and waveguide lenses to achieve a clear image. For users with display distance requirements, it enables clear display of the image at the target position, meeting the user's need for close-range display of virtual images. Furthermore, by setting the period D of the output coupler to meet... This condition enables the human eye to effectively reduce or even eliminate rainbow patterns, improving the display performance of diffractive waveguides and enhancing the user experience.

[0020] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this utility model, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Other features of this utility model will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of a waveguide lens provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 An optical path diagram of ambient light transmission on a waveguide lens is provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a plano-convex lens provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a plano-concave lens provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Fresnel lens provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 An imaging schematic diagram of a waveguide display screen when a user looks into the distance through a waveguide lens, provided as an embodiment of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 Another imaging schematic diagram of the waveguide display screen when a user looks into the distance through a waveguide lens, provided as an embodiment of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the waveguide display image after it is combined with the human eye, provided as an embodiment of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another waveguide lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another waveguide lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of another waveguide lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of another waveguide lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of another waveguide lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of another waveguide lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of another waveguide lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of another waveguide lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of another waveguide lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the utility model described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0041] In one embodiment, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a waveguide lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 An optical path diagram of ambient light transmission on a waveguide lens is provided for an embodiment of this utility model, for reference. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the waveguide lens includes a waveguide substrate 1 and at least one curved lens 2; an output coupler 3 is disposed on the waveguide substrate 1; the curved lens 2 at least covers the output coupler 3, and the output coupler 3 is composed of periodically arranged micro-nano optical structures, the period D of which satisfies: ; where θ i θ' represents the angle of ambient light after passing through the curved lens, θ0' represents the angle of diffracted light after passing through the micro-nano optical structure, λ represents the wavelength of the ambient light, and m represents the diffraction order.

[0042] A waveguide lens is a transparent optical element that transmits light using the principle of Total Internal Reflection (TIR). It typically comprises a thin, transparent flat plate (such as glass, resin, or silicon carbide), and its core function is to act as an "optical conduit," guiding image light from the optomechanical system to the human eye. The micro / nano optical structure can be a grating structure or a metasurface structure; no specific limitation is made here. In this embodiment, the waveguide lens includes a waveguide substrate 1 and at least one curved lens 2. The waveguide substrate 1 is the supporting structure or substrate material in the diffractive waveguide, affecting its transmission performance. Optionally, the waveguide substrate 1 can be a glass substrate, a resin substrate, or a high-refractive-index material substrate such as silicon carbide or silicon nitride. The waveguide substrate 1 is used to transmit the light coupled into it to the output coupler 3 via total internal reflection. The output coupler 3 is a micro / nano optical structure disposed on the waveguide substrate 1 to couple light transmitted within the waveguide substrate out of the waveguide and into the human eye. Its fabrication method can include at least imprinting, photolithography, and etching to deposit it on the waveguide substrate 1. The micro / nano optical structure of the output coupler 3 can be disposed on only one side of the waveguide substrate 1, or simultaneously on both sides of the waveguide substrate 1; no specific limitation is made here. Generally, the waveguide lens also includes an input coupler, which is mainly used to couple light emitted from the optomechanism into the waveguide substrate and transmit it through total internal reflection within the waveguide substrate; the output coupler is used to dilate the pupil of light transmitted within the waveguide substrate 1 and couple it out or directly couple it out for transmission to the human eye. The curved lens 2 is an optical lens with curvature, at least covering the output coupler 3. It can be disposed on the side of the waveguide substrate 1 closer to the user's eye, or on the side of the waveguide substrate 1 farther from the user's eye, or simultaneously on both sides; no specific limitation is made here, and the placement depends on actual needs. In this embodiment, the curved lens 2 can be a single lens or a combination of multiple lenses. In addition, the curved lens 2 may include a vision-correcting curved lens or an image-correcting curved lens to correct the vision and / or image of a person with visual impairment.

[0043] Specifically, in practical applications, the surface shape of the curved lens 2 may include a spherical lens or an aspherical lens, and the shape of the curved lens 2 may include a plano-convex lens, a plano-concave lens, a convex-concave lens, or a Fresnel lens. The specific shape can be determined according to the actual situation and is not limited here.

[0044] After the curved lens 2 is set, it will have at least a suitable shape, such as a plano-convex or plano-concave lens, and will be placed on the surface of the waveguide substrate 1 where the output coupler 3 is located. At this time, the light emitted by the optomechanical system will pass through the input coupler (see reference). Figure 1The left side of the middle layer is coupled into the waveguide lens. The light is transmitted in the waveguide lens by total internal reflection and exits from the output coupler 3 to the curved lens 2. The direction of light transmission changes after passing through the curved lens 2, so that when the light finally enters the human eye, it can be imaged on the retina or make the human eye see a clear image of a non-infinity scene. This achieves vision correction and / or image correction for the human eye. For nearsighted or farsighted people, there is no need to use a combination of vision correction lenses and waveguide lenses to make people with visual impairments see a clear image. For users with display distance requirements, the image can be clearly displayed at the target position, meeting the user's need for close-range display of virtual images.

[0045] It should be noted that ambient light can also pass through the waveguide lens and ultimately enter the human eye. During this process, the ambient light will diffract with the micro-nano optical structures on the waveguide lens, producing diffracted light of different orders. The diffracted light will eventually form rainbow patterns, affecting the user experience. Therefore, this embodiment of the invention also provides a formula for calculating the period D of the output coupler 3, namely… , where θ i θ' represents the angle of ambient light after passing through the curved lens, θ0' represents the angle of diffraction of ambient light when passing through the micro / nano optical structure, λ represents the wavelength of ambient light, and m represents the diffraction order.

[0046] In the above formula, the angle θ after the ambient light passes through the curved lens is... i The diffraction angle θ0' of ambient light passing through the micro / nano optical structure, the wavelength λ of the ambient light, and the diffraction order m can all be known in advance based on the design parameters. Therefore, the known terms θ0', λ0', and m' are all known in advance. i Substituting θ0, λ, and m into the calculation formula for the period of the output coupler 3, the period D of the output coupler 3 can be calculated. When actually fabricating the period of the output coupler 3, ensuring that the period D is less than the calculated value guarantees that the user will not see rainbow patterns when using the waveguide lens fabricated in this way, thus reducing or even eliminating rainbow patterns. In one embodiment, after determining the period D of the output coupler 3, the rainbow pattern can be verified on the waveguide lens fabricated with this period D, or directly verified using simulation methods to ensure that no rainbow patterns will enter the human eye under this period.

[0047] The technical solution of this utility model embodiment, by setting a curved lens to at least cover the output coupler, changes the transmission direction of the image light and ambient light output from the output coupler after passing through the curved lens. This allows the light to be imaged on the retina when it finally enters the human eye, or to focus a virtual image that was originally imaged at infinity onto the target position (instead of always being at infinity). This achieves vision correction and / or image correction for the human eye. For nearsighted or farsighted individuals, there is no need for a combination of vision correction lenses and waveguide lenses to see a clear image. For users with display distance requirements, the image can be clearly displayed at the target position, meeting the user's need for close-range display of virtual images. Furthermore, by setting the period D of the output coupler to meet the above conditions, the rainbow effect is effectively reduced or even eliminated by the human eye, improving the display performance of the diffractive waveguide and enhancing the user experience.

[0048] It should be noted that the angle θ after ambient light passes through the curved lens is... i The angle θ0 of the diffracted light rays when ambient light passes through the micro / nano optical structure can be determined not only by direct measurement but also by calculation. The specific calculation formula is as follows: , , ,in, and θi is the refractive power of the curved lens, h is the incident angle of ambient light when the curved lens is not present, y is the distance between the ambient light incident on the curved lens and the optical axis of the waveguide lens (or waveguide lens containing the curved lens), d1 is the distance between the position of the ambient light on the output coupler 3 and the optical axis of the waveguide lens (or waveguide lens without the curved lens) when the curved lens is not present, d1' is the distance between the position of the ambient light on the output coupler 3 and the optical axis of the waveguide lens (or waveguide lens containing the curved lens) when the curved lens is present, and L is the projection distance of the ambient light after exiting the curved lens onto the grating on the optical axis. (Reference) Figure 2 For example, curved lenses can be provided on both the surface of the waveguide substrate 1 closest to the user's eye and the surface away from the user's eye. Alternatively, curved lenses can be provided only on the surface of the waveguide substrate 1 closest to the user's eye, or only on the surface of the waveguide substrate 1 away from the user's eye; no specific limitation is made here. The refractive power of the curved lens closest to the user's eye is... The refractive power of the curved lens on the side opposite to the user's eye is Curved lenses can be either plano-concave or plano-convex. When a curved lens is a plano-convex lens... >0, Therefore, Δθ > 0, and Δθ can be Δθ1 (the deflection angle of ambient light after a curved lens is placed on the world side of the waveguide lens) or Δθ2 (the deflection angle of diffracted light coupled from the output coupler after a curved lens is placed on the eye side of the waveguide lens). When the curved lens on the world side is a plano-convex lens, ambient light will deflect towards the principal axis after passing through the curved lens. When the curved lens on the eye side is a plano-convex lens, light will deflect away from the optical axis after passing through the curved lens. When the curved lens is a plano-concave lens... When Δθ < 0, the plano-concave lens on the world side will deflect ambient light away from the optical axis after passing through the curved lens, while the plano-concave lens on the eye side will deflect light closer to the optical axis after passing through the curved lens. Based on these principles, the values ​​of d1', θi', and θ0' can be obtained according to the actual needs of the curved lens (such as a single plano-convex lens, a plano-concave lens, or both). This allows us to obtain the period D of the output coupler 3 that can satisfy the requirements for rainbow effect elimination or reduction.

[0049] Optional, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a plano-convex lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a plano-concave lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the waveguide lens includes an output coupler 3, and the curved lens 2 is a plano-convex lens. The period D of the output coupler 3 satisfies: 300nm≤D≤400nm; or, the curved lens 2 is a plano-concave lens, and the period D of the output coupler 3 satisfies: 220nm≤D≤300nm.

[0050] Specifically, for curved lens 2, its shape can be a plano-convex lens or a plano-concave lens. A plano-convex lens is a lens with one side being a flat surface and the other side being a convex surface (i.e., convex outwards); such as Figure 3 As shown, a plano-concave lens is used to converge light rays, focusing a parallel beam of light to a single point (such as a focal point). One side of a plano-concave lens is flat, and the other side is concave (i.e., recessed inwards); as shown... Figure 4As shown, it is used to diverge light, causing the parallel beam to radiate outwards. In this embodiment, the period condition of the output coupler 3 is different for different shapes of the curved lens 2. When the curved lens 2 is a plano-convex lens, the period D of the output coupler 3 is set to satisfy 300nm ≤ D ≤ 400nm. For example, the period D of the output coupler 3 can be 300nm, 320nm, 360nm, 380nm, 390nm, or 400nm, which can be determined according to the actual situation and is not limited here. When the curved lens 2 is a plano-concave lens, the period D of the output coupler 3 satisfies: 220nm ≤ D ≤ 300nm. For example, the period D of the output coupler 3 can be 220nm, 240nm, 260nm, 280nm, 290nm, or 300nm, which can be determined according to the actual situation and is not limited here.

[0051] Optional, Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a Fresnel lens provided for an embodiment of this utility model is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the curved lens 2 can be a plano-convex lens, a plano-concave lens, a convex-concave lens, or a Fresnel lens.

[0052] In addition to plano-concave and plano-convex lenses, the curved lens 2 can also be configured as a concave-convex lens or a Fresnel lens. A concave-convex lens is a meniscus lens with one convex surface and one concave surface, used to correct aberrations and improve image sharpness and contrast without significantly changing the system's focal length. A Fresnel lens is a special design that compresses a traditional lens into a thin sheet; its surface consists of a series of concentric ring-shaped ridges, each ridge corresponding to a small portion of the original lens. (Refer to...) Figure 5 In addition to the above-mentioned configurations, the curved lens 2 can also be configured in other ways. The specific configuration can be determined based on the actual situation, provided it does not affect vision correction and image correction; no restrictions are imposed here.

[0053] In another specific embodiment, optionally, Figure 6 This invention provides an imaging schematic diagram of a waveguide display screen when a user looks into the distance through a waveguide lens, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 This is another schematic diagram of the waveguide display screen when a user looks into the distance through a waveguide lens, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the waveguide display image after it is combined with the image by the human eye, provided as an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another waveguide lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another waveguide lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figures 6 to 10As shown, the curved lens 2 includes a first curved lens 21; the first curved lens 21 is a plano-concave lens or a plano-convex lens, and the radius of curvature R1 of the first surface of the first curved lens 21 satisfies: ;in, R2 represents the refractive power of the first curved lens 21, R2 represents the radius of curvature of the second surface of the first curved lens 21, n represents the refractive index of the first curved lens 21, and d represents the thickness of the first curved lens 21.

[0054] A spherical lens is a lens whose surface is part of a sphere (i.e., its radius of curvature is constant). In this embodiment, both plano-concave lenses and plano-convex lenses belong to the category of spherical lenses.

[0055] Before introducing the content of this embodiment, the problem it solves will be briefly explained. Currently, waveguide lenses are not designed for people with visual impairments such as myopia or hyperopia. Without a corrective lens, the image output from the waveguide cannot be clearly seen by these individuals. People with normal vision see the image focused on their retina through the waveguide lens, resulting in a clear picture. However, people with myopia see the image focused in front of their retina, causing a blurry picture; and people with hyperopia see the image focused behind their retina, also causing a blurry picture. In other words, neither myopia nor hyperopia can see the displayed content clearly through the waveguide lens without a corrective lens. This makes waveguide lenses unsuitable for people with visual impairments. They need to wear a corrective lens first, then the waveguide lens, to see the waveguide image clearly. This method of requiring users to wear two layers of lenses is not only cumbersome but also provides a poor user experience.

[0056] In addition, refer to Figure 6 The image output through the waveguide lens appears as a virtual image to the human eye, but this virtual image is projected at infinity. That is, when the human eye looks into the distance, the image remains clear at the point of focus, and its perceived size remains unchanged. However, if large buildings such as skyscrapers exist in the distance, reference... Figure 7 When a user looks into the distance through the waveguide lens, the clear image will unconsciously distract their attention from the tall buildings. This results in the user's attention constantly switching between the distant buildings and the waveguide image, putting a strain on the eyes and brain, and causing fatigue. Furthermore, when the user wears the waveguide lens and looks into the distance, the perceived size of the image remains constant. This means the virtual image occupies the same area of ​​the field of vision. Consequently, the brain perceives the image as smaller in the foreground and larger in the background, contradicting the everyday perception of objects as larger in the foreground and smaller in the background. This conflict with the user's understanding of the rules governing objects creates a sense of incongruity.

[0057] Furthermore, refer to Figure 8When the waveguide lens outputs an image at infinity, the waveguide display image can still be combined even if the assembly precision between the two lenses is poor. However, when the human eye wears the waveguide lens with poor assembly precision, the reflection and refraction of ambient light by the two waveguide lenses with misaligned positions or angles will differ, ultimately leading to information asymmetry between the user's left and right eyes and creating a sense of disharmony.

[0058] To address the aforementioned issues and achieve vision correction, improved clarity, or image correction, reduced visual inconsistency, this embodiment incorporates a curved lens 2, including a first curved lens 21. The first curved lens 21 is positioned on the side of the waveguide substrate 1 closest to the user's eye. The first curved lens 21 can be a plano-concave lens or a plano-convex lens. (Refer to...) Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, Figure 9 This indicates that the first curved lens 21 is a plano-concave lens. Figure 10 This indicates that the first curved lens 21 is a plano-convex lens. The radius of curvature of the first curved lens 21 can be determined using a preset calculation formula. In this embodiment, the formula for calculating the radius of curvature R1 of the first curved lens 21 is: ;in, The lens power of the first curved lens 21 is [missing information]. Let represent the radius of curvature of the second surface of the first curved lens 21, n represent the refractive index of the first curved lens 21, and d represent the thickness of the first curved lens 21. The first curved lens 21 is a plano-concave or plano-convex lens, i.e., its surface shape is a spherical lens. Therefore, one surface of the first curved lens 21 is a plane, and the radius of curvature of the plane is ∞; and the lens diopter... The refractive index n and thickness d of the first curved lens 21 can both be determined through direct measurement or logical operations, i.e. Since n and d are known terms, when R2 = ∞, these parameters can be substituted into the calculation formula for R1 to obtain the radius of curvature of the first curved lens 21. Alternatively, when one surface of the first curved lens 21 is not planar, R1 can be calculated by first determining R2 and then using R2 as a known quantity. Other methods are also possible, such as simultaneously determining R1 and R2 to coordinate their adjustment. The specific implementation method can be determined based on the actual situation and is not limited here.

[0059] It should be noted that after determining the radius of curvature R1 of the first curved lens 21, vision correction for farsightedness or nearsightedness can be achieved using this first curved lens 21. Specifically, for nearsighted users, refer to... Figure 9The first curved lens 21 is attached to the side of the waveguide substrate 1 closest to the user's eye. The first curved lens 21 is a plano-concave lens, which has a negative focal length and can diverge light, so that distant objects are imaged in front of the retina, thereby correcting myopia. At this time, the light emitted by the optomechanism enters the waveguide substrate 1 through the input coupler and undergoes total internal reflection in the waveguide substrate 1. After total internal reflection, the light is coupled out through the output coupler 3 and then enters the first curved lens 21. The plano-concave first curved lens 21 diverges light, so that after the virtual image enters the human eye, the lens of the eye focuses it, so that the image originally in front of the retina is diverged and accurately falls on the retina, ensuring that the user can see objects normally and achieving myopia correction. Similarly, ambient light enters the human eye after passing through the waveguide substrate 1 and the first curved lens 21. During this process, the first curved lens 21 of the plano-concave lens diverges the light, allowing the lens of the eye to focus the ambient light after it enters the eye. This causes the image, which was originally in front of the retina, to diverge and accurately fall on the retina, ensuring that the user can see objects clearly and achieving myopia correction. In other words, the first curved lens 21, located on the side of the waveguide substrate 1 closest to the user's eye, can simultaneously correct myopia in both virtual images and ambient light.

[0060] For farsighted users, reference Figure 10 The first curved lens 21 is attached to the side of the waveguide substrate 1 closest to the user's eye. The first curved lens 21 is a plano-convex lens, which has a positive focal length and can converge light rays, causing near objects to be imaged in front of the retina, thus correcting farsightedness. Light emitted from the optomechanical system enters the waveguide substrate 1 through the input coupler and undergoes total internal reflection. After total internal reflection, the light rays are coupled out through the output coupler 3 and then incident on the first curved lens 21. The plano-convex lens 21 converges the light rays, allowing the lens of the eye to focus the virtual image onto the retina, thus correcting farsightedness. Similarly, ambient light enters the eye through the waveguide substrate 1 and the first curved lens 21. During this process, the plano-convex lens 21 converges the light rays, allowing the lens of the eye to focus the ambient light onto the retina, thus correcting farsightedness. In other words, the first curved lens 21 set on the side of the waveguide substrate 1 closer to the user's eye can simultaneously achieve hyperopia correction for both virtual images and ambient light.

[0061] It should also be noted that the curved lens 2 in this embodiment is for waveguide lenses that require high precision. When high precision standards can be achieved in actual production, only one curved lens 2 can be set on the side of the waveguide substrate 1 closest to the user's eye. This can correct the vision of nearsighted or farsighted users. At the same time, combined with the period limitation of the output coupler 3, it can also reduce or even eliminate rainbow patterns and improve the display effect.

[0062] Optionally, the curved lens 2 includes a first curved lens 21; the surface shape of the first curved lens 21 is an aspherical lens; the radius of curvature R1 of the first curved lens 21 satisfies: ,in, denoted as the diopter of the first curved lens 21, and n represents the refractive index of the first curved lens 21.

[0063] Among them, aspherical lenses are lenses whose surface curvature is not spherical, but rather a specially designed aspherical shape (such as a parabola, ellipsoid, etc.), and the curvature changes with the position of the lens.

[0064] Specifically, when the surface shape of the first curved lens 21 is an aspherical lens, the formula for calculating the radius of curvature R1 of the first curved lens 21 can be expressed as follows: ,in, Let n represent the refractive power of the first curved lens 21, and n represent the refractive index of the first curved lens. Similarly, the refractive power of the first curved lens 21... Both the refractive index and the refractive index n can be determined through direct measurement or logical operations, i.e. Since both and n are known terms, substituting these parameters into the calculation formula for R1 yields the radius of curvature R1 of the first curved lens 21. By placing this radius of curvature first curved lens 21 within the waveguide lens, it is possible to achieve myopia and hyperopia correction for nearsighted and farsighted individuals, even with an aspherical lens, and with superior aberration control. For a detailed implementation, please refer to the previous embodiment; further details are omitted here.

[0065] In another specific embodiment, optionally, Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of another waveguide lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of another waveguide lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the curved lens 2 also includes a second curved lens 22, which is attached to the side of the waveguide substrate 1 away from the first curved lens 21; the second curved lens 22 is a plano-concave lens or a plano-convex lens.

[0066] Specifically, when the accuracy requirements are low or cannot reach the accuracy of setting the first curved lens 21 alone, and while reducing costs, the same myopia or hyperopia correction effect is achieved, this embodiment sets a second curved lens 22 on top of the first curved lens 21, as shown in the reference. Figure 11 and Figure 12 The first curved lens 21 is attached to the side of the waveguide substrate 1 closest to the user's eye, and the second curved lens 22 is attached to the side of the waveguide substrate 1 opposite to the first curved lens 21. The second curved lens 22 is either a plano-concave lens or a plano-convex lens. The first curved lens 21 and the second curved lens 22 complement each other to achieve vision correction. It should be noted that, to achieve vision correction, the shapes of the first curved lens 21 and the second curved lens 22 must be different; that is, referring to… Figure 11 When the first curved lens 21 is a plano-concave lens, the second curved lens 22 should be a plano-convex lens; (Refer to...) Figure 12 When the first curved lens 21 is a plano-convex lens, the second curved lens 22 should be a plano-concave lens. The formula for calculating the radius of curvature R1 of the second curved lens 22 is the same as that for the first curved lens 21. The radius of curvature of the second curved lens 22 can be calculated by referring to the radius of curvature of the first curved lens, and will not be repeated here.

[0067] After calculating the radius of curvature of the second curved lens 22, the combination of the less precise first curved lens 21 and the second curved lens 22 can also achieve vision correction. Specifically, for nearsighted users, refer to... Figure 11 The first curved lens 21 is a plano-concave lens, and the second curved lens 22 is a plano-convex lens. Light emitted from the optomechanical system is coupled into the waveguide substrate 1 via an input coupler and undergoes total internal reflection within the waveguide substrate 1. After total internal reflection, the light exits through the output coupler 3 and is incident on the first curved lens 21. The plano-concave first curved lens 21 diverges the light. Simultaneously, ambient light is converged by the second curved lens 22 and then enters the first curved lens 21 via the waveguide substrate 1. The first curved lens 21 diverges the ambient light to adjust the imaging position of external objects, ensuring that the diverged light is accurately imaged on the retina after entering the human eye, thus achieving vision correction for nearsighted users. In this way, nearsightedness correction is achieved using hyperboloid lenses.

[0068] For farsighted users, reference Figure 12The first curved lens 21 is a plano-convex lens, and the second curved lens 22 is a plano-concave lens. Light emitted from the optomechanical system is coupled into the waveguide substrate 1 via an input coupler and undergoes total internal reflection within the waveguide substrate 1. After total internal reflection, the light exits through the output coupler 3 and is incident on the first curved lens 21. The plano-convex first curved lens 21 converges the light. Simultaneously, ambient light, after diverging through the second curved lens 22, passes through the waveguide substrate 1 and is incident on the first curved lens 21. The first curved lens 21 converges the ambient light to adjust the imaging position of external objects, ensuring that the converged light enters the human eye and is accurately imaged on the retina, thus correcting the vision of farsighted users. Farsightedness correction is achieved through hyperboloid lenses. It should be noted that when the first curved lens 21 and the second curved lens 22 are simultaneously used, the overall refractive power of the waveguide lens is equal to the sum of the refractive power of the first curved lens 21 and the refractive power of the second curved lens 22.

[0069] In one embodiment, Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of another waveguide lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of another waveguide lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the first curved lens 21 and the second curved lens 22 have the same shape, that is, referring to Figure 13 When the first curved lens 21 is a plano-concave lens, the second curved lens 22 should also be a plano-concave lens; (Reference) Figure 14 When the first curved lens 21 is a plano-convex lens, the second curved lens 22 should also be a plano-convex lens. The first curved lens 21 and the second curved lens 22 can be located on opposite sides of the waveguide substrate 1, or on the same side. The waveguide lens includes an input coupler and an output coupler. When the first curved lens 21 and the second curved lens 22 are located on opposite sides of the waveguide substrate 1, the first curved lens 21 is located on the side of the waveguide substrate 1 closer to the input coupler, and the second curved lens 22 is located on the side of the waveguide substrate 1 away from the output coupler. Both the first curved lens 21 and the second curved lens 22 are plano-concave lenses. In this case, the light emitted from the optical engine diverges after passing through the first curved lens 21, and the changed path of the light enters the waveguide substrate 1 through the input coupler. It undergoes total internal reflection on the waveguide substrate 1, and after total internal reflection, the light exits through the output coupler and enters the human eye. The eye's lens focuses the light, causing the image to fall on the retina, rather than in front of the retina, thus achieving myopia correction. The ambient light is diffused by the second curved lens 22 and then enters the human eye through the waveguide substrate 1. The diffused ambient light is imaged on the retina after entering the human eye, thus achieving myopia correction of ambient light.

[0070] refer to Figure 14When the first curved lens 21 and the second curved lens 22 are located on the same side of the waveguide substrate 1, the first curved lens 21 is located on the side of the waveguide substrate 1 closer to the input coupler, and the second curved lens 22 is located on the side of the waveguide substrate 1 closer to the output coupler (the output coupler is located on the user's eye side). Both the first curved lens 21 and the second curved lens 22 are plano-convex lenses. The light emitted from the optomechanism is converged by the first curved lens 21 and then coupled into the waveguide substrate 1 through the input coupler. It undergoes total internal reflection on the waveguide substrate 1. After total internal reflection, the light is coupled out through the output coupler and then incident on the second curved lens 22. The plano-convex second curved lens 22 converges the light, so that after the virtual image enters the human eye, the lens of the eye focuses it, causing the image to fall on the retina, rather than behind the retina, thus achieving hyperopia correction. Simultaneously, ambient light passes through the waveguide substrate 1 and is incident on the second curved lens 22. The second curved lens 22 converges the light, and the converged light enters the human eye and forms an image on the retina, thus correcting farsightedness caused by ambient light. It should be noted that when curved lenses are simultaneously placed at corresponding positions on both the input and output couplers, the elimination or reduction of rainbow patterns primarily considers the influence of the curved lens at the output coupler. In other words, in this case, if a curved lens is only placed on one side of the output coupler, then when calculating the period D of the output coupler, only the case of a curved lens on one side needs to be considered. The deflection angle Δθ and distance d1' caused by the corresponding position (world side or environment side) are substituted into the formula to calculate the period D of the output coupler, which is sufficient to eliminate or reduce rainbow patterns.

[0071] In another embodiment, optionally, the curved lens is an image-correcting curved lens. Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of another waveguide lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 15 As shown, the curved lens 2 includes a third curved lens 23, which is located on the side of the waveguide substrate 1 closest to the user's eye. The third curved lens 23 is a plano-concave lens; the radius of curvature R1 of the third curved lens 23 satisfies: ,in, Let represent the radius of curvature of the second surface of the third curved lens 23, n represent the refractive index of the third curved lens 23, d represent the thickness of the third curved lens 23, v represent the distance between the displayed image and the center of the waveguide lens on the optical axis after the curved lens is installed, and u represent the distance between the displayed image and the center of the waveguide lens on the optical axis without the curved lens. It should be noted that the center of the waveguide lens is the center in the thickness direction. For a waveguide lens with a curved lens, this center is the center in the thickness direction of the waveguide lens formed by the curved lens and the waveguide substrate as a whole. For a waveguide lens without a curved lens, this center is the center in the thickness direction of the waveguide substrate.

[0072] Specifically, the third curved lens 23 is disposed on the surface of the waveguide substrate 1 closest to the user's eye. The third curved lens 23 is a plano-concave lens. (Refer to...) Figure 15 As shown. The radius of curvature of the third curved lens 23 can be determined according to a preset calculation formula. In this embodiment, the formula for calculating the radius of curvature of the third curved lens 23 is: ;in, The radius of curvature of the second surface of the third curved lens 23 is represented by n, the refractive index of the third curved lens 23 is represented by d, the thickness of the third curved lens 23 is represented by v, the distance between the displayed image and the center of the waveguide lens on the optical axis after the curved lens is set is represented by v, and the distance between the displayed image and the center of the waveguide lens on the optical axis without the curved lens is represented by u. The third curved lens 23 is a plano-concave lens, i.e., a spherical lens. Therefore, one of the surfaces of the third curved lens 23 is a plane with a radius of curvature of ∞. The refractive index n, the thickness d, the distance v between the displayed image and the center of the waveguide lens on the optical axis when the curved lens is provided, and the distance u between the displayed image and the center of the waveguide lens on the optical axis when the curved lens is not provided can all be determined by direct measurement or logical operation. That is, n, d, v, and u are all known. When R2=∞, the above parameters can be substituted into the calculation formula of R1 to obtain the radius of curvature of the third curved lens 23. In addition, when one of the surfaces of the third curved lens 23 is not a plane, R1 can be calculated by first determining R2 and then using R2 as a known quantity to calculate R1. Of course, other methods are also possible, such as determining R1 and R2 at the same time so that R1 and R2 can be coordinated and adjusted. The specific implementation method can be determined according to the actual situation and is not limited here.

[0073] It should be noted that after determining the radius of curvature R1 of the third curved lens 23, it is possible to focus the virtual image originally imaged at infinity, so that the displayed image at infinity is focused at the target position (such as 2 meters, 5 meters, 8 meters, 10 meters, etc., depending on actual needs, and not specifically limited here), thus meeting the user's need for close-range display of virtual images. Specifically, the image light emitted by the optical engine is coupled into the waveguide substrate 1 through the input coupler and undergoes total internal reflection transmission within the waveguide substrate 1. When the image light undergoing total internal reflection transmission within the waveguide substrate 1 encounters the output coupler 3, it is coupled out by the output coupler 3. The coupled image light first passes through the third curved lens 23, which is a plano-concave lens with negative refractive power, capable of diverging the image light. This divergence effect makes the originally parallel image light become non-parallel light, thus allowing the virtual image to be imaged at the target position, rather than at infinity. Therefore, by integrating a plano-concave lens on the waveguide pupil side, the system not only retains the waveguide display function, but also utilizes its divergence characteristics to effectively correct the display distance of the virtual image, thus realizing the image correction of the waveguide lens.

[0074] Optional, Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of another waveguide lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 16 As shown, the curved lens 2 also includes a fourth curved lens 24, which is located on the side of the waveguide substrate 1 opposite to the third curved lens 23. The fourth curved lens 24 is a plano-convex lens; the radius of curvature R1 of the fourth curved lens 24 satisfies: ,in, The radius of curvature of the second surface of the fourth curved lens 24 is represented by n, the refractive index of the fourth curved lens 24 is represented by d, the thickness of the fourth curved lens 24 is represented by v, the distance between the displayed image and the center of the waveguide lens on the optical axis after the curved lens is set is represented by v, and the distance between the displayed image and the center of the waveguide lens on the optical axis without the curved lens is represented by u.

[0075] Specifically, after a third curved lens 23 is set on the human eye side, the third curved lens 23 will change the state of the image entering the eye. However, the third curved lens 23 will also affect the ambient light incident on the world side (the side of the waveguide substrate away from the user's eye), changing the propagation direction of the ambient light. Therefore, a lens needs to be added on the world side to compensate for the influence of the third curved lens 23 set on the human eye side on the ambient image. In this embodiment, a fourth curved lens 24 is provided on the side of the waveguide substrate 1 away from the third curved lens 23. The fourth curved lens 24 is a plano-convex lens. The radius of curvature of the fourth curved lens 24 is calculated in the same way as the radius of curvature of the third curved lens 23, except that the refractive power of the third curved lens 23 is less than 0, while the refractive power of the fourth curved lens 24 is greater than 0. Therefore, by obtaining the refractive index n, the thickness d of the fourth curved lens 24, the distance v between the displayed image and the center of the waveguide lens on the optical axis after the curved lens is provided, and the distance u between the displayed image and the center of the waveguide lens on the optical axis without the curved lens, all can be determined by direct measurement or logical operation. That is, n, d, v, and u are all known terms. When R2=∞, the above parameters can be substituted into the calculation formula of R1 to obtain the radius of curvature of the fourth curved lens 24.

[0076] After the fourth curved lens 24, with its radius of curvature calculated, is set up, it focuses ambient light. The focused light then diverges upon reaching the third curved lens 23, thus achieving normal imaging of the ambient image by the human eye and compensating for the influence of the third curved lens 23 on ambient light. In other words, the third curved lens 23 and the fourth curved lens 24 together have no refractive effect on the ambient image, with a total refractive power of 0.

[0077] It should be noted that the fourth curved lens 24 allows the light leakage on the world side to converge. Since the light leakage itself is caused by a contracted field of view, the addition of the fourth curved lens 24 (plano-convex lens) will amplify the light leakage after passing through the focal point, making the light energy more dispersed. When the user's eye views from the same position, the brightness will appear lower, thereby reducing the brightness of the light leakage, ensuring that the user can see the picture clearly and improving the display effect.

[0078] It should also be noted that since the human eye is binocular, the combined image seen by both eyes is particularly important. In this embodiment, when the object distance is not infinite, the optimal position and angle for the third curved lens 23 and the fourth curved lens 24 to achieve the combined image effect can be determined through the image combining step. The waveguide lens is then installed according to the determined optimal position and angle. This installation method results in higher assembly precision, preventing image abnormalities when viewed by the human eye. Furthermore, the reason for the need for image combining is that directly installing the individual lenses would lead to poor assembly precision in the final waveguide lens. In this case, the user would not be able to observe a complete image, or even see any image at all, when viewing a non-infinite distance object through the waveguide lens, significantly impacting the user experience.

[0079] It should also be noted that, for the curved lens 2 mentioned above, in actual use, in addition to calculating the curvature radius of each curved lens, the curvature radius of each curved lens can also be directly tested, and the test results can be guaranteed to conform to the corresponding formula.

[0080] Optionally, the waveguide substrate 1 and the curved lens 2 are bonded together by a frame bonding method, or the waveguide substrate 1 and the curved lens 2 are bonded together by a full bonding method using adhesive.

[0081] Optionally, the refractive index of the adhesive is in the range of 1.2-2.0.

[0082] Specifically, the frame bonding can only fix the outer edges of the waveguide substrate 1 and the curved lens 2, that is, it only attaches the curved lens 2 to the waveguide substrate 1 by applying adhesive around the edge. In addition to the frame bonding, the waveguide substrate 1 and the curved lens 2 can also be fully bonded by adhesive. That is, an adhesive with a certain thickness and a certain refractive index is coated on the entire surface of the curved lens 2. After the adhesive is applied, the waveguide substrate 1 and the curved lens 2 are then bonded together. This bonding method is more secure and stable.

[0083] In this embodiment, the refractive index of the adhesive is in the range of 1.2-2.0. That is, the refractive index of the adhesive can be 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.7, 1.8, or 2.0, and can be determined according to the actual situation. Preferably, the refractive index of the adhesive is in the range of 1.2-1.4, that is, the refractive index of the adhesive can preferably be 1.2, 1.3, or 1.4, and can be determined according to the actual situation. No specific limitation is made here.

[0084] Optional, Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of another waveguide lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 17 As shown, the waveguide lens also includes a protective sheet 4; the protective sheet 4 is located between the curved lens 2 and the waveguide substrate 1.

[0085] Among them, the protective sheet 4 is a material layer covering the curved lens 2 and the waveguide substrate 1, which is used to prevent the micro-nano optical structure on the waveguide substrate 1 from being affected by the external environment and to protect the waveguide substrate 1.

[0086] Based on the same inventive concept, this utility model also provides a near-eye display device, including an optical engine and the aforementioned waveguide lens, which has the same technical features and beneficial effects as the above-mentioned structure.

[0087] It should be understood that the various forms of the process shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this utility model can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this utility model can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0088] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A waveguide lens, characterized in that, The system includes a waveguide substrate and at least one curved lens; an output coupler is disposed on the waveguide substrate; the curved lens at least covers the output coupler, and the output coupler is composed of periodically arranged micro / nano optical structures, the period D of which satisfies: ; θ i θ0' is the angle of ambient light after passing through the curved lens, θ0' is the angle of diffraction of ambient light when passing through the micro-nano optical structure, λ is the wavelength of the ambient light, and m is the diffraction order.

2. The waveguide lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The curved lens is a plano-convex lens, and the period D of the output coupler satisfies: 300nm≤D≤400nm; or, the curved lens is a plano-concave lens, and the period D of the output coupler satisfies: 220nm≤D≤300nm.

3. The waveguide lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The curved lens can be a plano-convex lens, a plano-concave lens, a convex-concave lens, or a Fresnel lens.

4. The waveguide lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The curved lens includes a first curved lens, which is located on the side of the waveguide substrate closer to the user's eye; the first curved lens is either a plano-concave lens or a plano-convex lens, and the radius of curvature R1 of the first curved surface of the first curved lens satisfies: Where φ is the diopter of the first curved lens. Let n represent the radius of curvature of the second surface of the first curved lens, n represent the refractive index of the first curved lens, and d represent the thickness of the first curved lens.

5. The waveguide lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The curved lens includes a first curved lens; the surface shape of the first curved lens is an aspherical lens; the radius of curvature R1 of the first curved lens satisfies: Where φ is the diopter of the first curved lens, and n represents the refractive index of the first curved lens.

6. The waveguide lens according to claim 4, characterized in that, The curved lens further includes a second curved lens, which is attached to the side of the waveguide substrate opposite to the first curved lens; the second curved lens is a plano-concave lens or a plano-convex lens.

7. The waveguide lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The curved lens includes a third curved lens, which is located on the side of the waveguide substrate closer to the user's eye. The third curved lens is plano-concave in shape. The radius of curvature R1 of the third curved lens satisfies: ,in, The radius of curvature of the second surface of the third curved lens is given, n represents the refractive index of the third curved lens, d represents the thickness of the third curved lens, v is the distance between the displayed image and the center of the waveguide lens on the optical axis after the curved lens is provided, and u is the distance between the displayed image and the center of the waveguide lens on the optical axis without the curved lens.

8. The waveguide lens according to claim 7, characterized in that, The curved lens further includes a fourth curved lens, which is located on the side of the waveguide substrate opposite to the third curved lens. The fourth curved lens is a plano-convex lens. The radius of curvature R1 of the fourth curved lens satisfies: ,in, The radius of curvature of the second surface of the fourth curved lens is given, n represents the refractive index of the fourth curved lens, d represents the thickness of the fourth curved lens, v is the distance between the displayed image and the center of the waveguide lens on the optical axis after the curved lens is provided, and u is the distance between the displayed image and the center of the waveguide lens on the optical axis without the curved lens.

9. The waveguide lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waveguide substrate and the curved lens are bonded together by a frame bonding method, or the waveguide substrate and the curved lens are bonded together by a full bonding method using adhesive.

10. The waveguide lens according to claim 9, characterized in that, The refractive index of the adhesive is in the range of 1.2-2.

0.

11. The waveguide lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a protective sheet; the protective sheet is located between the curved lens and the waveguide substrate.

12. The waveguide lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, An input coupler is also provided on the waveguide substrate. There are two curved lenses. The orthographic projection of one curved lens on the waveguide substrate covers the input coupler, and the orthographic projection of the other curved lens on the waveguide substrate covers the output coupler. When both curved lenses are plano-concave lenses, the two curved lenses are respectively disposed on both sides of the waveguide substrate. When both curved lenses are plano-convex lenses, both curved lenses are disposed on the side of the waveguide substrate closer to the human eye.

13. A near-eye display device, characterized in that, It includes an optical engine and a waveguide lens as described in any one of claims 1-12.

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