A power management system and terminal device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522610827.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-09
AI Technical Summary
在终端设备关机后的仓储或运输等闲置期间，因主电源管理单元、待机电路等电路仍需工作，存在关机静态电流(漏电流)过大的问题
[0023]本申请通过第一控制电路在终端设备关机(非使用状态)时，彻底关断电源管理电路，从而完全切断了主供电路径；实现了零毫安级别的关机静态电流，从根本上解决了传统设备因主电源路径未完全隔离而产生的“关机漏电流”问题。从而确保了终端设备在仓储、运输乃至长期闲置期间，电池电量几乎无损耗，有效避免了因缓慢放电导致的电池过放风险。
Smart Images
Figure CN224907341U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of power management technology, and in particular to a power management system and terminal equipment. Background Technology
[0002] Handheld terminals, taking mobile POS machines as an example, are generally powered by two lithium-ion batteries. During periods of inactivity such as storage or transportation after the terminal device is turned off, the main power management unit, standby circuit, and other circuits still need to operate, resulting in excessive static current (leakage current) when the device is turned off.
[0003] During storage and transportation, continuous power-off leakage current slowly depletes the battery, causing the battery voltage to drop below the over-discharge protection threshold, resulting in irreversible chemical damage. Over-discharge directly causes battery capacity decay, increased internal resistance, shortened lifespan, and even safety hazards such as bulging; thus, dealers or users often fail to start the device normally when initially using it due to a depleted battery.
[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to solve the problem of battery over-discharge caused by leakage current in existing battery-powered terminal equipment during warehousing and transportation. Utility Model Content
[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a power management system and terminal device that completely shuts down the power management circuit when the terminal device is powered off, thereby completely cutting off the main power supply path.
[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a power management system for use in a terminal device, including a power circuit, a power management circuit, a power supply management circuit, and a first control circuit, wherein the power management circuit is coupled between the power circuit and the power supply management circuit; the first control circuit is coupled to the power management circuit; wherein the power management circuit includes an enable terminal;
[0007] The first control circuit is configured to output a first level signal to the enable terminal to turn off the power management circuit when the terminal device is in a non-use state, thereby cutting off the input power of the power management circuit and stopping the power supply to the load.
[0008] The first control circuit is configured to output a second level signal to the enable terminal to turn on the power management circuit when the terminal device is in use, so that the power circuit supplies power to the power supply management circuit through the power management circuit, thereby supplying power to the load.
[0009] In some implementations, the power management circuit includes a switch control terminal, and the first control circuit is coupled to the power management circuit through the switch control terminal, and turns the operating system of the terminal device on or off by outputting different level signals to the switch control terminal.
[0010] In some implementations, the power management system also includes:
[0011] A switching circuit, coupled to the first control circuit, is configured to generate and send a triggering control signal to the first control circuit in response to a user operation.
[0012] The control signal is used to control the power management circuit to be turned off or on, and to turn the operating system of the terminal device on or off.
[0013] In some implementations, the power management system further includes a second control circuit coupled to the first control circuit, wherein the first control circuit is adapted to send clock information to the second control circuit.
[0014] In some implementations, the power management system further includes: a level conversion circuit coupled between the first control circuit and the second control circuit, for converting the first power supply into the second power supply so that the communication signal levels between the first control circuit and the second control circuit are matched;
[0015] The first control circuit is connected to the first power supply, and the second control circuit is connected to the second power supply.
[0016] In some implementations, the power management system further includes a linear voltage regulator circuit coupled between the power supply circuit and the first control circuit, so that the power supply circuit provides a stable first power supply to the first control circuit.
[0017] In some implementations, the power supply circuit includes: a rechargeable battery; and
[0018] A charging management circuit, coupled to the rechargeable battery, is used to control the charging or discharging of the rechargeable battery.
[0019] In some implementations, the first control circuit includes a microcontroller configured to enter a low-power mode when the terminal device is in a non-use state;
[0020] In the low-power mode, the microcontroller maintains control of the enable terminal, monitoring of the control signal, and clock functions.
[0021] In a first aspect, this application provides a terminal device including the aforementioned power management system.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
[0023] This application completely shuts down the power management circuit when the terminal device is powered off (in non-use state) through the first control circuit, thereby completely cutting off the main power supply path; it achieves zero-milliampere-level shutdown static current, fundamentally solving the "shutdown leakage current" problem caused by the incomplete isolation of the main power supply path in traditional devices. This ensures that the battery charge is almost unaffected during storage, transportation, and even long-term idle periods, effectively avoiding the risk of over-discharge due to slow discharge.
[0024] In this application, the first control circuit can uniformly realize the power management circuit's shutdown and startup, as well as the terminal device's power-on and power-off operations, by monitoring the external control signals generated by the same switching circuit. Integrating these two types of control functions into the same switching circuit simplifies the system circuit structure.
[0025] This application utilizes the microcontroller's clock circuit to continue operating during periods when the power management circuit is off and the main power circuit is completely powered off. This reliably maintains the uninterrupted operation of the system's real-time clock, ensuring the accuracy and continuity of the terminal device's time under any conditions, and providing precise time synchronization when the operating system starts. Attached Figure Description
[0026] The accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application are briefly introduced below:
[0027] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a power management system provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0028] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of another power management system provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0029] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the first control circuit and switching circuit provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the specific implementation methods of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings and implementation methods described below are merely some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings and implementation methods without creative effort. Any adjustments and improvements made without departing from the concept of this application are within the protection scope of this application.
[0031] To keep the drawings concise, only the parts relevant to this application are shown schematically in each drawing, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, to make the drawings concise and easy to understand, some parts with the same structure or function are only shown schematically in some drawings, and there may actually be more or fewer parts with the same structure or function.
[0032] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, ordinal numbers, such as "first" and "second," are used only to distinguish and describe related objects, and should not be construed as indicating or implying the relative importance or order between related objects; furthermore, they do not represent the number of related objects. The terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly; for example, "installation" can mean direct installation or installation via other components; "connection" can mean direct connection or connection via other components.
[0033] Handheld terminals are independently powered devices designed for mobile, outdoor, or offline operations, typically requiring high voltage and long battery life. For example, mobile POS machines generally use two lithium-ion batteries in series for power. However, during the terminal's non-use phase—that is, during periods of idle storage or transportation after the terminal is powered off—the main power management unit and standby circuits still need to operate, leading to excessive static current (leakage current).
[0034] When terminal devices leave the factory, batteries are typically charged to 60%-80% state of charge. However, during storage and transportation, continuous leakage current during shutdown slowly depletes the battery, causing the battery voltage to drop below the over-discharge protection threshold, resulting in irreversible chemical damage. Over-discharge directly causes battery capacity decay, increased internal resistance, shortened lifespan, and even safety hazards such as bulging; consequently, dealers or users often fail to start the device normally upon initial use due to a depleted battery. This not only affects user experience but also increases after-sales and repair costs. Therefore, it is urgent to solve the problem of battery over-discharge caused by leakage current during storage and transportation of existing battery-powered terminal devices.
[0035] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a power management system. When the terminal device is not in use, a first control circuit shuts down the power management circuit to cut off the input power to the power supply management circuit and stop supplying power to the load. When the terminal device is in use, the first control circuit activates the power management circuit, allowing the power supply circuit to supply power to the power supply management circuit through the power management circuit, thereby supplying power to the load.
[0036] like Figure 1As shown, this application provides a power management system applied in a terminal device, including a power supply circuit 100, a power management circuit 200, a power supply management circuit 300, and a first control circuit 400. The power supply circuit 100 includes a battery installed in the terminal device, such as two strings of lithium-ion batteries, to provide the total energy for system operation. The battery can be a rechargeable battery or a non-rechargeable battery. The power management circuit 200 is coupled between the power supply circuit 100 and the power supply management circuit 300. In one embodiment, the power management circuit 200 includes a power management chip with an enable terminal VSYS_EN. The level of the enable terminal VSYS_EN controls the power management chip's on / off state, thereby controlling whether the power management chip outputs a power supply voltage. If the enable terminal VSYS_EN is high, the power management chip is turned on, and the power management chip outputs a power supply voltage to the power supply management circuit 300; if the enable terminal VSYS_EN is low, the power management chip is turned off, and the power management chip stops outputting a power supply voltage to the power supply management circuit 300. The power management circuit 300 is coupled to the load. The power management circuit 300 converts the power supply voltage output by the power management circuit 200 into various voltages required by the load and manages them. The load includes core functional units such as the processor and communication module on the terminal device. The first control circuit 400 is coupled to the enable terminal of the power management circuit 200. When the terminal device is not in use, the first control circuit 400 sends a first-level signal (i.e., low level) to the enable terminal of the power management chip to turn off the power management circuit 200, thereby cutting off the input power to the power management circuit 300 and stopping the power supply to the load. At this time, the shutdown leakage current of the terminal device drops to an extremely low level, effectively avoiding the problem of over-discharge of the battery during long-term idle periods. When the terminal device is in use, the first control circuit 400 sends a second-level signal (i.e., high level) to the enable terminal of the power management chip to turn on the power management circuit 200, so that the power circuit 100 supplies power to the load sequentially through the power management circuit 200 and the power management circuit 300.
[0037] like Figure 2As shown, in one implementation, the power management system further includes a switching circuit 410 coupled to a first control circuit 400. When the terminal device needs to enter a long-term storage or transportation mode, a first operation such as a first press or a first touch can trigger the switching circuit 410 to generate a first control sub-signal. The first control circuit 400 detects this first control sub-signal and determines that the terminal device needs to enter a non-use state. The first control circuit 400 outputs an invalid level (such as a low level) to its coupled enable terminal VSYS_EN; this invalid level shuts down the power management circuit 200, cutting off the power supply to the subsequent power management circuit 300, thus completely de-energizing all loads in the system. In this way, the leakage current of the terminal device when it is turned off is reduced to an extremely low level, fundamentally avoiding the problem of over-discharge of the battery during long-term idle periods. When the user triggers the switching circuit 410 to generate a second control sub-signal through a second operation such as a second press or a second touch, the first control circuit 400 detects this second control sub-signal and determines that the terminal device needs to enter a use state. The first control circuit 400 outputs a valid level (such as a high level) to its coupled enable terminal VSYS_EN; this valid level enables the power management circuit 200, allowing the power supply circuit 100 to supply power to the subsequent power management circuit 300 through the power management circuit 200, thus powering all loads in the system. The first operation and the second operation can be distinguished by different time parameters (such as press / touch duration) or different physical carriers (such as different buttons or touch areas).
[0038] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 2 In one implementation, the power management circuit 300 includes a switch control terminal PWRKEY_INT. A first control circuit 400 is coupled to the power management circuit 300 via the switch control terminal PWRKEY_INT and outputs different level signals to the switch control terminal PWRKEY_INT to turn the terminal's operating system on or off. When the first control circuit 400 detects a second control sub-signal, it performs a startup process in addition to powering on the system. Powering on the system involves sending a valid level signal to the power management circuit 200 to establish a connection between the power circuit 100 and the subsequent power management circuit 300. The startup process involves sending an enable signal (e.g., a low level) to the switch control terminal PWRKEY_INT of the power management circuit 300 to start the operating system on the terminal device. After the operating system has fully started, the terminal device officially enters the usage state. When the first control circuit 400 detects a first control sub-signal, it sends a disable signal (e.g., a high level) to the switch control terminal PWRKEY_INT of the power management circuit 300, causing the operating system on the terminal device to shut down. Alternatively, after a system power outage, there is no need to perform an operating system shutdown operation.
[0039] like Figure 2As shown, in one implementation, the power management system further includes a second control circuit 500 coupled to the first control circuit 400. The first control circuit 400 is adapted to send clock information to the second control circuit 500. The second control circuit 500 includes a processor, which may be an application processor (AP), a system-on-a-chip (SoC), or other main computing unit of the terminal device. After the power management circuit 200 is turned off (i.e., the main power supply of the system is turned off), the processor is in a shutdown state and stops running. The first control circuit 400 includes a microcontroller, preferably a low-power microcontroller, which can continue to operate after the power management circuit 200 is turned off (i.e., the main power supply of the system is turned off). The first control circuit 400 (microcontroller) integrates or is externally connected to a real-time clock circuit as a reliable time source for the system. Simultaneously or subsequently, the first control circuit 400 sends clock information to the second control circuit 500 while controlling the power management circuit 200 and the power supply management circuit 300 to be turned on. This clock information is used to synchronize the second control circuit 500's time when it starts up, or to maintain the accuracy of the system time during its operation. Therefore, even after the main power supply of the system is turned off, the real-time clock can still be maintained by the first control circuit 400, ensuring the continuity of time and avoiding the power consumption caused by the processor maintaining the RTC.
[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, in one implementation, the power management system further includes a level conversion circuit 420 coupled between a first control circuit 400 and a second control circuit 500. The first control circuit 400 (microcontroller) operates on a first power supply (e.g., 3.3V); the second control circuit 500 (processor) operates on a second power supply (e.g., 1.8V or 5V). The first and second power supplies have different voltage values. When the first control circuit 400 sends a logic high level based on the first power supply (e.g., 3.3V) to the second control circuit 500, the level conversion circuit 420 converts the high-level signal to a logic high level based on the second power supply (e.g., 1.8V), ensuring that it does not exceed the input voltage tolerance range of the second control circuit 500, thereby preventing damage and ensuring correct signal recognition. When the second control circuit 500 sends a logic level based on a second power supply (e.g., 1.8V) to the first control circuit 400, the level conversion circuit 420 converts and boosts it to a logic level based on a first power supply (e.g., 3.3V), ensuring that the first control circuit 400 can reliably recognize it as a valid logic signal.
[0041] like Figure 2As shown, in one implementation, when the battery is a rechargeable battery, the power supply circuit 100 further includes: a rechargeable battery 110, serving as an energy storage unit for the terminal device, preferably a lithium-ion or lithium polymer battery pack; and a charging management circuit 120, coupled to the rechargeable battery 110, used to control the charging or discharging of the rechargeable battery 110. When an external power source is connected, the charging management circuit 120 automatically switches to charging mode; it charges the rechargeable battery 110 while simultaneously monitoring the battery voltage, current, and temperature parameters in real time. In charging mode, the charging management circuit 120 can simultaneously supply power to the system load, enabling the terminal device to function normally while the battery is charging. When no external power source is connected, the charging management circuit 120 operates in discharging mode. At this time, the electrical energy stored in the rechargeable battery 110 is distributed to the power management circuit 200 through the charging management circuit 120, and then supplied to the entire system. The charging management circuit 120 continuously monitors the discharging parameters and actively cuts off the discharge circuit when the battery power is too low or the load is abnormal, preventing the battery from being over-discharged.
[0042] In one implementation, the power management system further includes a linear regulator circuit 430 coupled between the power supply circuit 100 and the first control circuit 400. The input terminal of the linear regulator circuit 430 obtains an input voltage from the power supply circuit 100 (i.e., the output terminal of the rechargeable battery 110 or the charging management circuit 120); its output terminal outputs a stable first power supply VCC_3V3 to power the first control circuit 400 (microcontroller). Through the linear regulator circuit 430, the first control circuit 400 obtains a power supply independent of the system's main power supply. The linear regulator circuit 430 converts fluctuating battery voltages (e.g., the voltage range of two battery cells is approximately 6V to 8.4V) into a stable voltage suitable for the microcontroller's operation (i.e., the first power supply VCC_3V3), thereby ensuring that the first control circuit 400 can operate stably and continuously as long as the battery has power, under any conditions. As a preferred embodiment, the linear regulator circuit 430 is a low-dropout linear regulator, which has low noise and high power supply rejection ratio characteristics to meet the microcontroller's power quality requirements.
[0043] like Figure 3As shown, in one implementation, the first control circuit 400 includes a microcontroller U03, which is a low-power model. The microcontroller U03 includes a first general-purpose input / output (GPIO) pin PA2, which is connected to the enable terminal VSYS_EN of the power management circuit 200 for outputting an enable control signal. The microcontroller U03 also includes a second GPIO pin PA3, configured in input mode for monitoring external control signals and connected to a switch circuit 410 (or the power button of the terminal device). In one implementation, the switch circuit 410 includes a button J01, which is connected to the second GPIO pin PA3 via a resistor R14. The microcontroller U03 also includes a third GPIO pin PA4, which is connected to the switch control terminal PWRKEY_INT of the power management circuit 300 for outputting an operating system startup control signal. The microcontroller U03 also includes a fourth GPIO pin PA9 and a fifth GPIO pin PA10, which are connected to a level conversion circuit 420 for outputting a clock signal to the second control circuit 500. The microcontroller U03 has an integrated or externally connected real-time clock module, which includes a crystal oscillator Y01; used to provide accurate timing functions.
[0044] The microcontroller U03 is configured to operate in two modes: normal operating mode and low-power mode. In low-power mode, the microcontroller maintains the following core functions: power management control, external control signal monitoring, and real-time clock functionality. Specifically, power management control: it controls the enable pin VSYS_EN of the power management circuit 200 via its first GPIO pin PA2; external control signal monitoring: it monitors the control signals generated by the switching circuit 410 via its second GPIO pin PA3; real-time clock: it maintains the continuous operation of the clock module composed of crystal oscillator Y01 and related circuitry to complete timing.
[0045] In normal operating mode, in addition to its low-power mode functionality, the microcontroller also performs the following core tasks: System startup management: controlling the startup process of the terminal device's main operating system; Clock synchronization: synchronizing with the second control circuit 500. Specifically, the microcontroller triggers the operating system startup through its third GPIO pin PA4, and sends synchronization clock signals to the second control circuit 500 through its fourth GPIO pin PA9 and fifth GPIO pin PA10. In low-power mode, the microcontroller's power consumption is lower than that of the real-time clock (RTC) integrated within the second control circuit 500 (i.e., the processor) or the system platform's peripherals.
[0046] In one implementation, this application also provides a terminal device including a power management system as described in any of the above embodiments. Taking a mobile POS machine as an example, the terminal device includes: a device housing, a display screen mounted on the housing, a communication module, an input keyboard, and other loads, as well as a power management system housed within the housing. The power management system is integrated inside the terminal device, supplying power to all loads and managing the overall power status of the device. The power management system includes, but is not limited to: a power circuit 100, including a rechargeable battery 110 and a charging management circuit 120; a power management circuit 200, coupled between the power circuit 100 and subsequent circuits; a power supply management circuit 300, supplying power to all loads in the system; a second control circuit 500, serving as the control core of the system; and a switching circuit 410, a first control circuit 400, a level conversion circuit 420, etc., designed according to warehousing and transportation requirements; the first control circuit 400 is powered by a linear voltage regulator circuit 430. The specific implementation methods and connection relationships of the circuits and components in this implementation can be referred to the above embodiments of the power management system, and will not be repeated here.
[0047] In one implementation, the interaction flow of the power management system is as follows:
[0048] In low-power mode, the microcontroller monitors whether the button in the switching circuit 410 is pressed and whether it is woken up by a button event and starts running. The microcontroller counts the button duration (i.e., the duration of continuous button press) to distinguish whether there is a misoperation, preventing accidental button presses from causing the terminal device to exit the unused state.
[0049] The microcontroller determines whether the button press duration has reached a preset threshold. If the threshold is not reached, the microcontroller immediately re-enters low-power mode, and the process ends. If the threshold is reached, the microcontroller determines whether the terminal device is currently powered off.
[0050] If the terminal device is not powered off (i.e., the operating system or Android system is already running), the microcontroller will trigger a signal to report to the Android system. Upon receiving the signal, the Android system will display a power-off selection interface on the user interface, providing options such as "Power Off" and "Reboot". If the user selects "Reboot": the Android system executes the reboot process. If the user selects "Power Off": the Android system executes the power-off process. At the end of the power-off process, the Android system sends a power-off completion notification to the microcontroller. After receiving the power-off completion notification, the microcontroller delays for a predetermined duration (e.g., 10 seconds) and then sets the enable control signal of the power management chip to an invalid level (e.g., low level), thereby completely shutting off the system's main power supply.
[0051] If the terminal device is powered off, the microcontroller sets the enable control signal of the power management chip to an active level (e.g., high level) to turn on the system's main power. The microcontroller simulates a button press, pulling the PWRKEY pin connected to the Android system power management circuit 300 low for a period of time (e.g., 5 seconds) to trigger the operating system (i.e., the Android system) to boot. During the operating system startup process, the operating system obtains and synchronizes precise RTC clock information from the microcontroller. After the Android system has fully booted, it notifies the microcontroller to switch to low-power mode to avoid the microcontroller increasing the standby current of the terminal device; the microcontroller continues to perform external control signal monitoring tasks in low-power mode.
[0052] In low-power mode, the terminal device is in a storage / transportation state. The first control circuit 400 controls both the power management circuit 200 and the power supply management circuit 300 to be shut down, and the main load of the system is completely de-energized. At this time, only the power supply circuit 100 provides microampere-level power to the first control circuit 400 through the linear voltage regulator circuit 430 to maintain basic status monitoring and real-time clock. This low-power mode achieves unprecedentedly low leakage current, resulting in extremely low battery power loss even after the terminal device has undergone a long storage and transportation cycle after leaving the factory, effectively preventing battery damage due to over-discharge.
[0053] It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as needed. The above is only a partial implementation of this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A power management system, characterized in that, The device is used in a terminal device and includes a power supply circuit, a power management circuit, a power supply management circuit, and a first control circuit. The power management circuit is coupled between the power supply circuit and the power supply management circuit. The first control circuit is coupled to the power management circuit. The power management circuit includes an enable terminal. The first control circuit is configured to output a first level signal to the enable terminal to turn off the power management circuit when the terminal device is in a non-use state, thereby cutting off the input power of the power management circuit and stopping the power supply to the load. The first control circuit is configured to output a second level signal to the enable terminal to turn on the power management circuit when the terminal device is in use, so that the power circuit supplies power to the power supply management circuit through the power management circuit, thereby supplying power to the load.
2. The power management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply management circuit includes a switch control terminal; The first control circuit is coupled to the power management circuit through the switch control terminal, and turns the operating system of the terminal device on or off by outputting different level signals to the switch control terminal.
3. The power management system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A switching circuit, coupled to the first control circuit, is configured to generate and send a control signal to the first control circuit in response to a user operation. The control signal is used to control the power management circuit to be turned off or on, and to turn the operating system of the terminal device on or off.
4. The power management system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Also includes: A second control circuit is coupled to the first control circuit, wherein the first control circuit is adapted to send clock information to the second control circuit.
5. The power management system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: A level conversion circuit, coupled between the first control circuit and the second control circuit, is used to convert the first power supply into the second power supply so that the communication signal levels between the first control circuit and the second control circuit are matched. The first control circuit is connected to the first power supply, and the second control circuit is connected to the second power supply.
6. The power management system according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: A linear voltage regulator circuit is coupled between the power supply circuit and the first control circuit to enable the power supply circuit to provide a stable first power supply to the first control circuit.
7. The power management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply circuit includes: Rechargeable batteries; and A charging management circuit, coupled to the rechargeable battery, is used to control the charging or discharging of the rechargeable battery.
8. The power management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first control circuit includes a microcontroller configured to enter a low-power mode when the terminal device is in a non-use state; In the low-power mode, the microcontroller maintains control of the enable terminal, monitoring of the control signal, and clock functions.
9. A terminal device, characterized in that, Includes the power management system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.