A high-frequency interference-resistant coaxial cable

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of high-frequency anti-interference coaxial cables, belong to cable technical field, including inner conductor, insulating layer, first shielding layer, isolation layer, second shielding layer, outer conductor and outer sheath. Through multilayer composite structure optimization on the basis of traditional coaxial cable structure, the anti-interference ability and signal stability of cable under high-frequency transmission condition are improved, by setting the high conductivity inner conductor, reduce high-frequency skin effect and transmission loss, by setting the insulating layer of low dielectric constant, effectively reduce signal reflection and dielectric loss, by setting the double-layer shielding structure formed by high-density copper braid net and metal foil spiral cladding layer, form multiple electromagnetic protection system, so that cable can still maintain excellent signal integrity under strong electromagnetic environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cable technology, specifically to a high-frequency anti-interference coaxial cable. Background Technology

[0002] Radio frequency (RF) and high-frequency (HF) signals are increasingly widely used in modern communications, radar, detection, and industrial control. To ensure the stability, low loss, and electromagnetic interference resistance of HF signals during transmission, traditional coaxial cables typically consist of an inner conductor, an insulation layer, an outer conductor (and shielding layer), and an outer sheath. The shielding layer reduces the coupling interference of external electromagnetic fields on the signal, ensuring signal integrity. However, with increasing frequencies and more complex cabling environments (such as strong electromagnetic interference, microwave radiation environments, and proximity to industrial equipment), coaxial cables with only a single shielding layer or conventional structures are no longer sufficient to meet higher interference resistance requirements and lower transmission loss needs.

[0003] In this field, related technologies such as patent CN219832220U have been disclosed. According to the search, this patent mainly discloses a coaxial cable structure, which improves upon the traditional coaxial cable structure to achieve a certain degree of anti-interference or structural strength enhancement. However, this prior art still has the following shortcomings:

[0004] 1. The electromagnetic interference resistance is still based on conventional single metal braided mesh or metal foil shielding, without fully utilizing multi-layer, composite, or heterogeneous material shielding structures, thus limiting the performance improvement in high-frequency and complex interference environments.

[0005] 2. In terms of high-frequency transmission loss, selection of dielectric materials, and control of stray coupling between shielding layer and conductor, there is a lack of structural optimization specifically for "high frequency + severe interference" environment. Although the structure has been improved, it may still be limited in terms of manufacturing process, flexibility, and environmental resistance (temperature, mechanical vibration, electromagnetic shock).

[0006] Therefore, given the shortcomings of the existing technology, it is necessary to propose a high-frequency anti-interference coaxial cable. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a high-frequency anti-interference coaxial cable.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A high-frequency anti-interference coaxial cable includes an inner conductor, an insulation layer, a first shielding layer, an isolation layer, a second shielding layer, an outer conductor, and an outer sheath.

[0010] The inner conductor is made of a highly conductive metallic material, and the insulating layer covers the outside of the inner conductor and is made of a high-frequency insulating material with a low dielectric constant.

[0011] The first shielding layer is a metal woven mesh;

[0012] The isolation layer is disposed between the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer, and is used for electromagnetic isolation and mechanical protection;

[0013] The second shielding layer is a spiral-wrapped metal foil layer;

[0014] The outer conductor is disposed outside the second shielding layer and is a high-density metal braided layer;

[0015] The outer sheath covers the outermost layer and is used to protect the internal structure.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner conductor is silver-plated copper wire or silver-plated aluminum alloy wire, and the insulation layer is polytetrafluoroethylene or fluorinated ethylene propylene material.

[0017] Furthermore, a composite shielding structure is formed between the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer, wherein the first shielding layer is a high-density copper braided mesh with a coverage of more than 95%, and the second shielding layer is an aluminum foil or copper-plated aluminum composite foil spirally wrapped with an overlap of not less than 25%.

[0018] Furthermore, the isolation layer comprises a polyester film layer and a shock-absorbing buffer layer, and the shock-absorbing buffer layer is made of silicone rubber or foamed polyethylene, which is used to reduce electromagnetic coupling between layers and absorb mechanical vibration.

[0019] Furthermore, the isolation layer comprises a polyester film layer and a shock-absorbing buffer layer, and the shock-absorbing buffer layer is made of silicone rubber or foamed polyethylene, which is used to reduce electromagnetic coupling between layers and absorb mechanical vibration.

[0020] Furthermore, the outer conductor is connected to the system ground wire via a grounding lead, forming a closed electromagnetic shielding loop.

[0021] Furthermore, the outer sheath is made of low-smoke halogen-free polyolefin or polyvinyl chloride material.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are as follows: 1. By optimizing the multi-layer composite structure on the basis of the traditional coaxial cable structure, the anti-interference ability and signal stability of the cable under high frequency transmission conditions are improved. By setting a highly conductive inner conductor, the high frequency skin effect and transmission loss are reduced. By setting an insulation layer with a low dielectric constant, signal reflection and dielectric loss are effectively reduced. By setting a double-layer shielding structure composed of a high-density copper braided mesh and a metal foil spiral covering layer, a multi-layer electromagnetic protection system is formed, so that the cable can still maintain excellent signal integrity in a strong electromagnetic environment.

[0023] 2. By setting up an isolation layer and a shock-absorbing buffer layer structure, interlayer coupling interference is reduced and mechanical flexibility is enhanced; by setting a conductive absorbing layer between the inner conductor and the insulation layer, high-frequency stray electromagnetic waves are effectively absorbed, further suppressing standing waves and crosstalk; by closing the outer conductor and the system ground wire, a stable electromagnetic shielding circuit is constructed; and by setting up an outer sheath made of low-smoke halogen-free material, comprehensive performance of high temperature resistance, wear resistance, flame retardancy and environmental protection is achieved.

[0024] Therefore, this utility model has achieved significant improvements over existing technologies (such as patent CN219832220U) in terms of anti-electromagnetic interference capability, high-frequency transmission performance and environmental adaptability. It can be widely used in radar communication, industrial control and high-frequency signal transmission fields, and has significant innovation and practical value. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of the whole;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly structure.

[0029] The labels in the diagram represent:

[0030] 1. Inner conductor; 2. Insulating layer; 3. First shielding layer; 4. Isolation layer; 5. Second shielding layer; 6. Outer conductor; 7. Outer sheath. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] In some embodiments, please refer to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1-3 A high-frequency anti-interference coaxial cable includes an inner conductor 1, an insulation layer 2, a first shielding layer 3, an isolation layer 4, a second shielding layer 5, an outer conductor 6, and an outer sheath 7.

[0034] The inner conductor 1 is located at the center of the cable and is used to transmit high-frequency signals. The inner conductor 1 is made of a highly conductive metal material, preferably silver-plated copper or silver-plated aluminum alloy, to reduce the skin effect at high frequencies and improve conductivity and signal integrity.

[0035] The insulating layer 2 covers the outer side of the inner conductor 1 to achieve electrical insulation between the conductors. The insulating layer 2 is made of an insulating material with low dielectric constant and suitable for high frequency, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene or fluorinated ethylene propylene. This material can effectively reduce dielectric loss and improve the stability of the signal under high frequency transmission.

[0036] The first shielding layer 3 tightly covers the outside of the insulating layer 2 and adopts a high-density metal braided mesh structure. Preferably, the braided mesh is made of tin-plated copper wire and has a coverage rate of more than 95%. This layer is mainly used to suppress low-frequency electromagnetic interference and serves as the first electromagnetic protection barrier.

[0037] An isolation layer 4 is disposed between the first shielding layer 3 and the second shielding layer 5. The isolation layer 4 includes a polyester film layer and a shock-absorbing buffer layer. The shock-absorbing buffer layer is made of silicone rubber or foamed polyethylene. This structure can effectively prevent electrical short circuits between shielding layers, reduce interlayer coupling interference, and absorb signal disturbances caused by mechanical vibration.

[0038] The second shielding layer 5 is located outside the isolation layer 4 and is a spiral-wrapped metal foil structure. Preferably, aluminum foil or copper-plated aluminum composite foil is used as the wrapping material, with an overlap rate of not less than 25%, so as to achieve reflective shielding of high-frequency signals and further improve the overall electromagnetic interference resistance.

[0039] The outer conductor 6 is located outside the second shielding layer 5 and is a high-density copper braided layer. The outer conductor 6 is connected to the system ground wire through a grounding lead to form a complete electromagnetic shielding loop, thereby further reducing the possibility of external electromagnetic interference entering the signal path and ensuring the stability and integrity of signal transmission.

[0040] The outer sheath 7 covers the outermost layer and is used to protect the internal structure. Preferably, the outer sheath 7 is made of low-smoke halogen-free polyolefin or polyvinyl chloride material, which has the characteristics of high temperature resistance of -40℃ to +125℃, wear resistance, oil resistance and flame retardancy, which can ensure that the cable works stably in complex environments such as industry, military, radar communication.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-3As shown in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a conductive absorbing layer is provided between the inner conductor 1 and the insulating layer 2. The conductive absorbing layer is made of carbon nanotube composite material or ferrite micropowder polymer. This structure can effectively absorb high-frequency stray signals and suppress standing wave phenomenon, thereby reducing signal reflection loss and improving the transmission quality of high-frequency signals.

[0043] In addition, the thickness of the conductive absorbing layer can be optimized according to the frequency characteristics to achieve maximum absorption rate in the target operating frequency band, such as 0.5 GHz to 5 GHz. Through this structure, the cable exhibits excellent anti-interference performance in high-frequency communication, radar signal links and high-speed data transmission systems.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-3 As shown in a preferred embodiment of this utility model, in addition to the braided layer, the outer conductor 6 can also be formed by multi-strand spirally wrapped copper tape to form a composite shielding structure. The spiral copper tape can be interleaved with the braided layer to improve the shielding efficiency of the cable to over 90dB.

[0046] Meanwhile, one end of the outer conductor 6 can be connected to the grounding terminal by welding or crimping to form a closed electromagnetic circuit, effectively suppressing common-mode interference. This structure is particularly suitable for complex electromagnetic environments such as radar systems, high-speed bus communications, and industrial control systems.

[0047] Example 4

[0048] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, this is another preferred structure.

[0049] The outer sheath 7 can form an anti-slip textured layer on its outer surface to enhance mechanical grip and improve laying stability. Flame retardants and anti-aging agents can be further added to the outer sheath material to give the cable a longer service life.

[0050] In addition, to meet the requirements of low smoke and environmental protection, the smoke density generated by the outer sheath of this utility model during combustion does not exceed 50%, and it does not release halogen gases, which complies with IEC60754 and RoHS environmental standards.

[0051] In summary, the high-frequency anti-interference coaxial cable of this utility model, through the structure of inner conductor 1, low dielectric insulation layer 2, double-layer shielding structure, isolation and shockproof layer and composite outer conductor, achieves excellent anti-electromagnetic interference performance and high-frequency signal transmission stability. Compared with the prior art (such as patent CN219832220U), this utility model has achieved significant improvements in structural hierarchy, material selection and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, and has good novelty and practicality.

[0052] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-frequency anti-interference coaxial cable, characterized in that: It includes an inner conductor (1), an insulating layer (2), a first shielding layer (3), an isolation layer (4), a second shielding layer (5), an outer conductor (6), and an outer sheath (7); The inner conductor (1) is made of a highly conductive metallic material, and the insulating layer (2) covers the outside of the inner conductor (1) and is made of a high-frequency insulating material with a low dielectric constant. The first shielding layer (3) is a metal woven mesh; The isolation layer (4) is disposed between the first shielding layer (3) and the second shielding layer (5) for electromagnetic isolation and mechanical protection; The second shielding layer (5) is a spiral-wrapped metal foil layer; The outer conductor (6) is disposed on the outside of the second shielding layer (5) and is a high-density metal braided layer; The outer sheath (7) covers the outermost layer and is used to protect the internal structure.

2. The high-frequency anti-interference coaxial cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner conductor (1) is silver-plated copper wire or silver-plated aluminum alloy wire, and the insulation layer (2) is polytetrafluoroethylene or fluorinated ethylene propylene material.

3. The high-frequency anti-interference coaxial cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, A composite shielding structure is formed between the first shielding layer (3) and the second shielding layer (5), wherein the first shielding layer (3) is a high-density copper braided mesh with a coverage of more than 95%, and the second shielding layer (5) is an aluminum foil or copper-plated aluminum composite foil spirally wrapped with an overlap of not less than 25%.

4. The high-frequency anti-interference coaxial cable according to claim 3, characterized in that, The isolation layer (4) consists of a polyester film layer and a shock-absorbing buffer layer. The shock-absorbing buffer layer is made of silicone rubber or foamed polyethylene and is used to reduce electromagnetic coupling and absorb mechanical vibration.

5. The high-frequency anti-interference coaxial cable according to claim 4, characterized in that, A conductive absorbing layer is provided between the inner conductor (1) and the insulating layer (2). The conductive absorbing layer is composed of carbon nanotube composite material or ferrite micropowder polymer and is used to absorb high-frequency stray signals and suppress standing waves.

6. The high-frequency anti-interference coaxial cable according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer conductor (6) is connected to the system ground wire through a grounding lead to form a closed electromagnetic shielding loop.

7. The high-frequency anti-interference coaxial cable according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer sheath (7) is made of low-smoke halogen-free polyolefin or polyvinyl chloride material.

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