Cable for offshore wind turbine generators
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522296407.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-10-30
AI Technical Summary
[0004]为了保障和维护海上风电机组的正常使用，需要巡检人员测温仪器定期检查线缆的温度，一方面由于测温仪器携带笨重，导致测温过程费时耗力；另一方面由于线缆周围的海上平台随着海浪上下浮动，严重影响人员的安全
[0018]本实用新型所提供的海上风电机组用电缆，由内向外依次为导电芯、第一阻水层、第一测温组件层、第二阻水层、绝缘层、第三阻水层和外护套层。其中第一测温组件层的多个第一条状测温贴周向间隔设置于第一阻水层的外表面，通过第一条状测温贴可以测量电缆内的温度，用于巡检人员判断线缆使用寿命的长短。在电缆内设置有第一阻水层、第二阻水层和第三阻水层，用于实现导体与绝缘间隙之间的纵向阻水性能。绝缘层的材质为乙丙橡胶材料，使电缆具有良好的电绝缘性能、耐老化性能和耐热性能。外护套层的材质为氯化聚乙烯材料，使电缆具备良好的耐盐雾性能，能抵抗海上高盐雾环境的侵蚀；同时，使电缆具有防霉菌性能，可有效抑制霉菌生长，避免护套因霉菌侵蚀而老化损坏，有助于保护内部绝缘层和导电芯。
Smart Images
Figure CN224907638U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cable technology, and in particular to a cable for offshore wind turbines. Background Technology
[0002] Wind power is one of the most technologically mature, largest-scale, and most promising renewable energy generation methods globally. Offshore wind turbines are the core power generation devices used in offshore wind power. They utilize the abundant wind energy resources of the ocean to generate electricity and have advantages such as not occupying land resources, abundant wind energy resources, and large single-unit capacity.
[0003] The application scenarios of power cables for offshore wind turbines place high demands on the overall salt spray resistance and mold prevention performance of the cables. In the marine environment, high concentrations of salt and humid air continuously corrode the cable sheath. Simultaneously, the warm and humid conditions easily promote mold growth, leading to sheath aging and cracking, affecting the cable's insulation performance and service life. Furthermore, compared to onshore wind turbines, offshore wind turbines operate for longer periods. Prolonged operation subjectes the cable materials to continuous thermal stress. By monitoring whether the cable temperature exceeds the limit, the cable's service life can be determined.
[0004] To ensure the normal operation of offshore wind turbines, inspection personnel need to regularly check the temperature of the cables using temperature measuring instruments. On the one hand, the temperature measuring instruments are bulky and the temperature measurement process is time-consuming and labor-intensive; on the other hand, the offshore platforms around the cables move up and down with the waves, which seriously affects the safety of personnel. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cable for offshore wind turbines that can assist inspection personnel in detecting the internal temperature of the cable, thus preventing personnel safety from being compromised.
[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] The cable for offshore wind turbines includes a conductive core, a first water-blocking layer, a first temperature sensing component layer, a second water-blocking layer, an insulation layer, a third water-blocking layer, and an outer sheath layer. The first water-blocking layer wraps around the outer surface of the conductive core. The first temperature sensing component layer includes a plurality of first strip-shaped temperature sensing patches, which are circumferentially spaced on the outer surface of the first water-blocking layer. The second water-blocking layer wraps around the outer surface of the first temperature sensing component layer. The insulation layer wraps around the outer surface of the second water-blocking layer, and the insulation layer is made of ethylene propylene rubber. The third water-blocking layer wraps around the outer surface of the insulation layer. The outer sheath layer is disposed on the outer surface of the third water-blocking layer, and the outer sheath layer is made of chlorinated polyethylene.
[0008] As an optional solution for cables used in offshore wind turbines, the conductive core is a Class 2 conductor or a Class 5 conductor.
[0009] As an optional solution for cables used in offshore wind turbines, the first water-blocking layer includes a semi-conductive water-resistant binding tape, which is spirally wound around the conductive core.
[0010] As an optional solution for cables used in offshore wind turbines, the third water-blocking layer includes a first water-blocking strip, which is simultaneously fitted onto several of the first strip-shaped temperature measuring patches; the third water-blocking layer also includes a second water-blocking strip, which is fitted onto the outer surface of the insulation layer.
[0011] As an optional solution for cables used in offshore wind turbines, the cables for offshore wind turbines also include a braided layer, which is disposed on the outer surface of the third water-blocking layer and located inside the outer sheath layer.
[0012] As an optional solution for cables used in offshore wind turbines, the braided layer is either an aramid braided layer or a copper wire braided layer.
[0013] As an optional solution for cables used in offshore wind turbines, the braided layer is a mixed braided layer of aramid fibers and copper wires.
[0014] As an optional solution for cables used in offshore wind turbines, the cables for offshore wind turbines also include a second temperature measuring component layer. The second temperature measuring component layer includes a plurality of second strip-shaped temperature measuring patches, which are circumferentially spaced on the outer surface of the braided layer and located within the outer sheath layer.
[0015] As an optional solution for cables used in offshore wind turbines, the cables for offshore wind turbines also include a fourth water-blocking layer, which is disposed on the outer surface of the second temperature sensing component layer and located on the inner surface of the outer sheath layer.
[0016] As an optional solution for cables used in offshore wind turbines, the fourth water-blocking layer includes a third water-blocking strip, which is simultaneously fitted onto several of the second strip-shaped temperature measuring stickers.
[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0018] The offshore wind turbine cable provided by this utility model comprises, from the inside out, a conductive core, a first water-blocking layer, a first temperature-sensing component layer, a second water-blocking layer, an insulation layer, a third water-blocking layer, and an outer sheath layer. Multiple first strip-shaped temperature-sensing patches are circumferentially spaced on the outer surface of the first water-blocking layer in the first temperature-sensing component layer. These patches measure the temperature inside the cable, allowing inspection personnel to determine the cable's lifespan. The first, second, and third water-blocking layers are installed inside the cable to achieve longitudinal water blocking between the conductor and insulation. The insulation layer is made of ethylene propylene rubber, giving the cable good electrical insulation, aging resistance, and heat resistance. The outer sheath layer is made of chlorinated polyethylene, providing excellent salt spray resistance and protecting against the corrosive effects of high-salt-spray marine environments. It also provides anti-mold properties, effectively inhibiting mold growth and preventing aging and damage to the sheath due to mold, thus protecting the internal insulation layer and conductive core. Attached Figure Description
[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of this utility model and these drawings without creative effort.
[0020] Figure 1 This is an assembly diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0021] Figure label:
[0022] 1. Conductive core; 2. First water-blocking layer; 3. First strip-shaped temperature measuring patch; 4. Insulating layer; 5. Third water-blocking layer; 6. Braided layer; 7. Second strip-shaped temperature measuring patch; 8. Fourth water-blocking layer; 9. Outer sheath layer; 10. Second water-blocking layer. Detailed Implementation
[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0024] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0025] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0026] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar parts or parts having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.
[0027] To assist inspection personnel in detecting the internal temperature of cables and to prevent personnel safety from being compromised, this embodiment provides a cable for offshore wind turbines. The following is a combination of... Figure 1 The specific content of this embodiment will be described in detail.
[0028] like Figure 1As shown, the offshore wind turbine cable in this embodiment includes a conductive core 1, a first water-blocking layer 2, a first temperature sensing component layer, a second water-blocking layer 10, an insulation layer 4, a third water-blocking layer 5, and an outer sheath layer 9. Firstly, the conductive core 1, as the core of the cable, is responsible for current transmission to ensure efficient and stable power delivery. The first water-blocking layer 2 wraps around the outer surface of the conductive core 1, forming a solid barrier that effectively prevents moisture from penetrating the cable and protects the conductive core 1 from the harmful effects of a humid environment. This is particularly important for offshore wind turbines, which are exposed to humid and salt spray environments for extended periods. The first temperature sensing component layer includes several first strip-shaped temperature sensing patches 3, which are circumferentially spaced on the outer surface of the first water-blocking layer 2. Through these temperature sensing patches, inspection personnel can periodically obtain the cable's temperature data, thereby determining the cable's lifespan and health status. Once an abnormal temperature is detected, timely measures can be taken to prevent cable damage or safety accidents caused by overheating, greatly improving the reliability and safety of cable operation. The second water-blocking layer 10 wraps around the outer surface of the first temperature sensing component layer. The insulation layer 4 wraps around the outer surface of the second water-blocking layer 10. The insulation layer 4 is made of ethylene propylene rubber. Under the complex and variable marine environment, the ethylene propylene rubber insulation layer 4 can maintain the stability of its physical and chemical properties for a long time, ensuring the long-term safe operation of the cable. It can work stably for a long time in a high-temperature environment of 105℃, guaranteeing the safe operation of the cable. The third water-blocking layer 5 wraps around the outer surface of the insulation layer 4. The third water-blocking layer 5, the second water-blocking layer 10, and the first water-blocking layer 2 form a triple protection, effectively preventing moisture from entering the cable from the outside. The outer sheath layer 9 is set on the outer surface of the third water-blocking layer 5. The outer sheath layer 9 is made of chlorinated polyethylene, which can resist the long-term corrosion of the high-salt spray environment at sea, maintaining the stability of the cable's appearance and performance, and also has excellent anti-mildew properties.
[0029] In summary, the offshore wind turbine cable provided by this utility model comprises, from the inside out, a conductive core 1, a first water-blocking layer 2, a first temperature-sensing component layer, an insulation layer 4, a third water-blocking layer 5, and an outer sheath layer 9. Each layer carries a specific function and role, jointly ensuring the stable operation and long service life of the cable in harsh marine environments. Multiple first strip-shaped temperature-sensing patches 3 are circumferentially spaced on the outer surface of the first water-blocking layer 2. These patches measure the temperature inside the cable, allowing inspection personnel to determine the cable's service life. The first water-blocking layer 2, the second water-blocking layer 10, and the third water-blocking layer 5 are installed inside the cable to achieve longitudinal water-blocking performance between the conductor and the insulation. The insulation layer 4 is made of ethylene propylene rubber, giving the cable excellent electrical insulation, aging resistance, and heat resistance. The outer sheath layer 9 is made of chlorinated polyethylene, which gives the cable good salt spray resistance and can resist the corrosion of the high salt spray environment at sea. At the same time, it gives the cable anti-mold properties, which can effectively inhibit mold growth and prevent the sheath from aging and being damaged by mold erosion, and helps protect the inner insulation layer 4 and conductive core 1.
[0030] For example, the conductive core 1 is a Class 2 conductor or a Class 5 conductor. Specifically, it uses Class 2 or Class 5 round stranded copper wire or tinned copper wire as specified in the IEC 60228 standard. The surface of the conductive core 1 is smooth and free of burrs, sharp edges, protrusions, or broken single wires that could damage the insulation. When stranding the conductive core 1, a semi-conductive resistive adhesive is added to fill the gaps between the conductors, preventing moisture (water vapor) from penetrating along the longitudinal direction of the conductor while ensuring that the resistance requirements in the standard are met.
[0031] For example, the first water-blocking layer 2 includes a semi-conductive water-resistant binding tape, which is spirally wound around the conductive core 1. The semi-conductive water-resistant binding tape achieves good longitudinal water-blocking performance while binding the conductive core 1.
[0032] For example, the second water-blocking layer 10 includes a first water-blocking strip, which is simultaneously wrapped around several first strip-shaped temperature measuring patches 3; the third water-blocking layer 5 includes a second water-blocking strip, which is wrapped around the outer surface of the insulating layer 4. The first water-blocking strip serves both to block water and to fix the positions of the multiple first strip-shaped temperature measuring patches 3. Multiple first strip-shaped temperature measuring patches 3 are placed along the outer surface of the wrapped first water-blocking layer 2 to record the highest operating temperature of the conductive core 1. Under normal circumstances, six first strip-shaped temperature measuring patches 3 are placed, and the recorded temperatures are 85℃, 90℃, 95℃, 100℃, 105℃, and 110℃, respectively. As long as the temperature of the conductive core 1 reaches the temperature of a certain first strip-shaped temperature measuring patch 3, that first strip-shaped temperature measuring patch 3 will permanently change color. During periodic inspections, only the color of the corresponding first strip-shaped temperature measuring patch 3 needs to be checked to determine whether the conductive core 1 has experienced overheating during two periodic inspections.
[0033] Furthermore, the cable for offshore wind turbines also includes a braided layer 6, which is disposed on the outer surface of the third water-blocking layer 5 and located inside the outer sheath layer 9. By adding the braided layer 6, a certain tensile and torsional resistance can be provided for the cable, which may be in a suspended state.
[0034] Optionally, braided layer 6 can be an aramid fiber braided layer or a copper wire braided layer. When braided layer 6 is made of aramid fiber, because aramid fiber itself is lightweight, it provides additional tensile and torsional resistance without significantly increasing the weight of the cable. When braided layer 6 is made of copper wire, it can function as a metallic shielding layer.
[0035] Optionally, braided layer 6 is a mixed braided layer of aramid and copper wires. If the cable uses a mixed braiding method of copper wire (tinned copper wire) and aramid wire, it provides both tensile strength and metallic shielding.
[0036] Furthermore, the cable for offshore wind turbines also includes a second temperature sensing component layer. This second temperature sensing component layer comprises several second strip-shaped temperature sensing patches 7, which are circumferentially spaced on the outer surface of the braided layer 6 and located within the outer sheath layer 9. Multiple second strip-shaped temperature sensing patches 7 are placed along the outer surface of the braided layer 6 to record the highest operating temperature of the insulation layer 4 and the outer sheath layer 9. Under normal conditions, five second strip-shaped temperature sensing patches 7 can record temperatures of 85℃, 90℃, 95℃, 100℃, and 105℃, respectively. The structure of this second temperature sensing component layer can be used to record whether an over-temperature condition occurs between the insulation layer 4 and the outer sheath layer 9. Simultaneously, it can be used in conjunction with the first strip-shaped temperature sensing patch 3 of the first temperature sensing component layer for over-temperature data analysis, analyzing the temperature difference data between the outer surface of the conductive core 1 and the insulation layer 4, and between the insulation layer 4 and the outer sheath layer 9, under over-temperature conditions.
[0037] Furthermore, the cable for offshore wind turbines also includes a fourth water-blocking layer 8, which is disposed on the outer surface of the second temperature sensing component layer and located on the inner surface of the outer sheath layer 9, thereby achieving longitudinal water blocking.
[0038] For example, the fourth water-blocking layer 8 includes a third water-blocking strip, which is simultaneously applied to a plurality of second strip-shaped temperature measuring patches 7. The third water-blocking strip not only serves to block water but also serves to fix the second strip-shaped temperature measuring patches 7 in place.
[0039] In this embodiment, the 105℃ long-life ethylene propylene rubber insulation material used in insulation layer 4 is prepared as follows: Elastomer, filler, and softener are mixed evenly at 20-60 rpm. Then, coupling agent, antioxidant, lubricant, and vulcanizing agent are added sequentially, and the mixture is stirred again at 10-20 rpm for 5-10 minutes. Afterward, it is extruded in sheets at 80-100℃ and cooled to obtain the 105℃ long-life ethylene propylene rubber insulation material.
[0040] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the 105℃ long-life salt spray resistant and mildew-resistant chlorinated polyethylene sheath material used in the outer sheath layer 9 is as follows: the first elastomer, the second elastomer, and the filler are mixed evenly at a speed of 30-50 rpm. Then, coupling agent, flame retardant, reinforcing agent, antioxidant, antibacterial agent, plasticizer, and vulcanizing agent are added sequentially and stirred again at 20-30 rpm for 5-10 minutes. After that, the mixture is extruded, granulated, and cooled at 130-170℃ to obtain the 105℃ long-life salt spray resistant and mildew-resistant chlorinated polyethylene sheath material.
[0041] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. A cable for offshore wind turbines, characterized in that, The device includes a conductive core (1), a first water-blocking layer (2), a first temperature measuring component layer, a second water-blocking layer (10), an insulating layer (4), a third water-blocking layer (5), and an outer sheath layer (9). The first water-blocking layer (2) is wrapped around the outer surface of the conductive core (1). The first temperature measuring component layer includes a plurality of first strip-shaped temperature measuring patches (3), which are circumferentially spaced on the outer surface of the first water-blocking layer (2). The second water-blocking layer (10) is wrapped around the outer surface of the first temperature measuring component layer. The insulating layer (4) is wrapped around the outer surface of the second water-blocking layer (10), and the insulating layer (4) is made of ethylene propylene rubber. The third water-blocking layer (5) is wrapped around the outer surface of the insulating layer (4). The outer sheath layer (9) is disposed on the outer surface of the third water-blocking layer (5), and the outer sheath layer (9) is made of chlorinated polyethylene.
2. The cable for offshore wind turbines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive core (1) is a Class 2 conductor or a Class 5 conductor.
3. The cable for offshore wind turbines according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first water-blocking layer (2) includes a semi-conductive water-blocking binding tape, which is spirally wound around the conductive core (1).
4. The cable for offshore wind turbines according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second water-blocking layer (10) includes a first water-blocking strip, which is simultaneously applied to several of the first strip-shaped temperature measuring patches (3); the third water-blocking layer (5) includes a second water-blocking strip, which is applied to the outer surface of the insulating layer (4).
5. The cable for offshore wind turbines according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The cable for the offshore wind turbine also includes a braided layer (6), which is disposed on the outer surface of the third water-blocking layer (5) and located inside the outer sheath layer (9).
6. The cable for offshore wind turbines according to claim 5, characterized in that, The braided layer (6) is an aramid fiber braided layer or a copper wire braided layer.
7. The cable for offshore wind turbines according to claim 5, characterized in that, The braided layer (6) is a mixed braided layer of aramid yarn and copper wire.
8. The cable for offshore wind turbines according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cable for offshore wind turbines also includes a second temperature measuring component layer, which includes a plurality of second strip-shaped temperature measuring stickers (7). The plurality of second strip-shaped temperature measuring stickers (7) are circumferentially spaced on the outer surface of the braided layer (6) and located inside the outer sheath layer (9).
9. The cable for offshore wind turbines according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cable for the offshore wind turbine also includes a fourth water-blocking layer (8), which is disposed on the outer surface of the second temperature measuring component layer and located on the inner surface of the outer sheath layer (9).
10. The cable for offshore wind turbines according to claim 9, characterized in that, The fourth water-blocking layer (8) includes a third water-blocking strip, which is simultaneously applied to several of the second strip-shaped temperature measuring patches (7).