Pole piece, electrochemical device, and electronic device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a pole piece, an electrochemical device and an electronic equipment. The pole piece comprises a current collector and an active material layer. Along the thickness direction of the current collector, the current collector is provided with a plurality of first through holes at intervals. Along the thickness direction perpendicular to the current collector, the current collector defines a coating side wall. The active material layer is arranged on the coating side wall. Along the thickness direction of the active material layer, the active material layer is provided with a plurality of second through holes at intervals. The electrochemical device comprises the pole piece. The electronic equipment comprises the electrochemical device. The electrochemical device and the electronic equipment using the pole piece have high charging speed while ensuring energy density, and can realize fast charging function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to an electrode, an electrochemical device, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, lithium-ion batteries, as an environmentally friendly rechargeable battery, are widely used in portable devices such as mobile phones, cameras, and laptops. However, with the development of modern society, the demand for fast charging speeds of lithium-ion batteries is increasing. Current manufacturing processes, however, limit further improvements in the charging speed of lithium-ion batteries. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main objective of this application is to propose an electrode, an electrochemical device, and an electronic device, which aims to solve the technical problem of slow charging speed in existing lithium-ion batteries.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, this application proposes an electrode sheet comprising: The current collector has a plurality of first through holes spaced apart along its thickness direction, and defines a coating sidewall along a direction perpendicular to its thickness direction. An active material layer is disposed on the coating sidewall, and a plurality of second through holes are spaced apart along the thickness direction of the active material layer.

[0005] In some embodiments, the second through hole is aligned with the first through hole along the direction from the active material layer to the current collector.

[0006] In some embodiments, the aperture A1 of a plurality of the first through holes satisfies: 50μm≤A1≤300μm; The aperture A2 of a number of the second through holes satisfies: 50μm≤A2≤300μm.

[0007] In some embodiments, the distance B1 between two adjacent first through holes satisfies: 500μm≤B1≤5000μm; The distance B2 between two adjacent second through holes satisfies: 500μm≤B2≤5000μm.

[0008] In some embodiments, the current collector is a negative electrode current collector, and the active material layer is a negative electrode active material layer; Alternatively, the current collector is a positive electrode current collector, and the active material layer is a positive electrode active material layer.

[0009] In some embodiments, the current collector has at least two coated sidewalls disposed opposite to each other, and both coated sidewalls are provided with the active material layer.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first through hole or the second through hole extends in a cylindrical shape; Alternatively, the first or second through hole may be arranged in a rectangular shape.

[0011] Correspondingly, in a second aspect, this application proposes an electrochemical device, comprising: a positive electrode and a negative electrode, wherein the positive electrode and / or the negative electrode are the electrodes described in any of the above embodiments; A separator is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the separator is used to completely separate the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0012] In some embodiments, the electrochemical device further includes an aluminum-plastic membrane having a receiving cavity, wherein the electrode and the diaphragm are disposed within the receiving cavity; The cavity is filled with an electrolyte, which is used to wet the electrode and the diaphragm.

[0013] Correspondingly, in a third aspect, this application proposes an electronic device including the electrochemical device described above.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are: In the technical solution of this application, in practical applications, the electrode needs to be immersed in an electrolyte. The electrolyte can transport ions (e.g., lithium ions, hereinafter referred to as lithium ions) to the electrode. Taking battery charging as an example, during charging, lithium ions can be extracted from the positive electrode active material layer and transported to the negative electrode active material layer through the electrolyte. Since the current collector has several through-holes and the active material layer has several through-holes, and the electrolyte can flow into the first and second through-holes, this greatly improves the wetting effect of the electrolyte on the current collector and the active material layer. This allows the electrolyte to transport lithium ions more fully and quickly, thereby improving the lithium ion transport efficiency. This enables lithium ions to be embedded more quickly and uniformly into the negative electrode active material layer, thus macroscopically improving the battery charging efficiency and shortening the battery charging time.

[0015] In this application, by providing a first through hole in the current collector and a second through hole in the active material layer, the wetting effect of the electrolyte on the electrode can be improved, thereby reducing the tortuosity of lithium ions during diffusion, accelerating the speed at which lithium ions are extracted from or embedded in the active material layer, and improving the charging speed of the battery.

[0016] Electrochemical devices and electronic devices using the above-mentioned electrodes can achieve fast charging while ensuring energy density. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrode sheet provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A top view of the electrode structure provided in an embodiment of this application, with the current collector as the viewing angle; Figure 3 This is a top view of the electrode sheet provided in an embodiment of this application, viewed from the perspective of the active material layer.

[0019] Explanation of icon numbers: 10. Electrode; 100. Current collector; 110. First through hole; 120. Coated sidewall; 200. Active substance layer; 210. Second through hole; 300. Diaphragm.

[0020] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this application involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0023] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or," "and / or," or "and / or" throughout the text implies three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where A and B are simultaneously satisfied. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0024] Currently, lithium-ion batteries, as an environmentally friendly rechargeable battery, are widely used in portable devices such as mobile phones, cameras, and laptops. However, with the development of modern society, the demand for fast charging speeds of lithium-ion batteries is increasing. Current manufacturing processes, however, limit further improvements in the charging speed of lithium-ion batteries.

[0025] Based on this, in order to solve the technical problem of slow charging speed of existing lithium-ion batteries, referring to Figures 1 to 3 One embodiment of this application provides an electrode 10, which includes a current collector 100 and an active material layer 200. Along the thickness direction of the current collector 100, a plurality of first through holes 110 are spaced apart, that is, the first through holes 110 penetrate both opposite ends of the current collector 100. Along a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the current collector 100, the current collector 100 defines a coating sidewall 120. The active material layer 200 is disposed on the coating sidewall 120, and along the thickness direction of the active material layer 200, a plurality of second through holes 210 are spaced apart, that is, the second through holes 210 penetrate both opposite ends of the active material layer 200.

[0026] For example, electrode 10 can be a positive electrode 10, in which case current collector 100 is a positive current collector 100, and active material layer 200 is a positive active material layer 200. For example, positive current collector 100 can be a metal foil or a composite current collector 100. In some embodiments, the metal foil is aluminum foil. Composite current collector 100 can include a metal foil substrate and a conductive layer disposed on at least one side of the metal foil substrate. Positive active material layer 200 can be selected from LiCoO2, LiNiO2, LiNi x Mn y O2, Li 1+z Ni x Mn y Co1-x- y O2, LiNi x Co y Al z The group consisting of O2, LiV2O5, LiTiS2, LiMoS2, LiMnO2, LiCrO2, LiMn2O4, Li2MnO3, LiFeO2, LiFePO4, LiMnPO4, and combinations thereof, wherein each x is independently 0.2 to 0.9; each y is independently 0.1 to 0.45; and each z is independently 0 to 0.2. The positive electrode active material of this application is not limited to the above-mentioned materials, but also includes other materials that can be used as positive electrode active materials.

[0027] Alternatively, electrode 10 can also be a negative electrode 10, in which case current collector 100 is a negative current collector 100, and active material layer 200 is a negative active material layer 200. For example, negative current collector 100 can be a metal foil or a composite current collector 100. In some embodiments, the metal foil is copper foil. Composite current collector 100 may include a metal foil substrate and a conductive layer disposed on at least one side of the metal foil substrate. Negative active material layer 200 may include natural graphite particles, synthetic graphite particles, hard carbon, soft carbon, mesophase carbon microspheres (MCMB), Sn, SnO2, SnO, Li4Ti5O 12 The negative electrode active material is selected from at least one of LTO, Si material, silicon-carbon (Si-C) composite material, silicon-nitrogen (Si-N) composite material, and silicon-oxygen (Si-O) composite material. The negative electrode active material of this application is not limited to the above-mentioned materials, but also includes other materials that can be used as negative electrode active materials for batteries.

[0028] Specifically, in this embodiment, in practical applications, the electrode 10 needs to be immersed in an electrolyte, which can transport ions (e.g., lithium ions, hereinafter referred to as lithium ions) to the electrode 10. Taking battery charging as an example, during charging, lithium ions can be extracted from the positive electrode active material layer 200 and transported to the negative electrode active material layer 200 through the electrolyte. Since the current collector 100 has several through-holes 110 and the active material layer 200 has several through-holes 210, and the electrolyte can flow into the through-holes 110 and 210, this greatly improves the wetting effect of the electrolyte on the current collector 100 and the active material layer 200. This allows the electrolyte to transport lithium ions more fully and quickly, thereby improving the lithium ion transport efficiency. This enables lithium ions to be embedded into the negative electrode active material layer 200 more quickly and evenly. This macroscopically improves the charging efficiency of the battery and shortens the charging time.

[0029] It should be noted that whether the first through hole 110 is opened in the positive electrode current collector 100 and the second through hole 210 is opened in the positive electrode active material layer 200, or the first through hole 110 is opened in the negative electrode current collector 100 and the second through hole 210 is opened in the negative electrode active material layer 200, the wetting effect of the electrolyte on the electrode 10 can be improved, which is conducive to improving the migration speed of lithium ions and thus improving the charging efficiency of the battery.

[0030] In this application, by providing a first through hole 110 in the current collector 100 and a second through hole 210 in the active material layer 200, the wetting effect of the electrolyte on the electrode 10 can be improved, thereby reducing the tortuosity of lithium ions during diffusion, accelerating the speed at which lithium ions are extracted from or embedded in the active material layer 200, and improving the charging speed of the battery.

[0031] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 Along the direction from the active material layer 200 to the current collector 100, the second through hole 210 is aligned with the first through hole 110.

[0032] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first through hole 110 and the second through hole 210 are opened along the same straight line, which ensures that the two sides of the electrode 10 are directly connected. This further improves the smoothness of electrolyte flow within the electrode 10, prevents the electrolyte from bending during flow, and enhances the wetting effect of the electrolyte on the electrode 10. This allows the electrolyte to penetrate into the interior of the electrode 10, improving the lithium-ion transport efficiency and ensuring that lithium ions can quickly escape from the positive electrode active material layer 200 and quickly embed into the negative electrode active material layer 200. Using this structure, the lithium-ion transport speed is improved microscopically, and the battery charging speed is improved macroscopically, enabling fast charging of the battery.

[0033] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 The aperture A1 of several first through holes 110 satisfies: 50μm ≤ A1 ≤ 300μm. The aperture A2 of several second through holes 210 satisfies: 50μm ≤ A2 ≤ 300μm. For example, the value of A1 can be 50μm, 60μm, 70μm, 80μm, 90μm, 100μm, 110μm, 130μm, 150μm, 170μm, 190μm, 200μm, 220μm, 240μm, 260μm, 280μm, 300μm, etc. The value of A2 can be 50μm, 60μm, 70μm, 80μm, 90μm, 100μm, 110μm, 130μm, 150μm, 170μm, 190μm, 200μm, 220μm, 240μm, 260μm, 280μm, 300μm, etc.

[0034] It should be noted that A1 and A2 can have the same value, for example, A1 and A2 can both be 100um, so that the first through hole 110 and the second through hole 210 form a straight through hole. Alternatively, A1 and A2 can have different values, for example, A1 can be 100um and A2 can be 200um, so that the first through hole 110 and the second through hole 210 form a stepped through hole.

[0035] Specifically, in this embodiment, the apertures of the first through hole 110 and the second through hole 210 are set within the aforementioned range. Firstly, this avoids the first through hole 110 and the second through hole 210 being too small, which would obstruct the flow of electrolyte within the electrode 10, preventing the smooth flow of electrolyte within the electrode 10, thus hindering the wetting effect of the electrolyte on the electrode 10, failing to improve the electrolyte's lithium-ion transport efficiency, and failing to significantly improve the battery's charging rate. Secondly, this avoids the first through hole 110 and the second through hole 210 being too large, which would result in excessive loss of the active material layer 200, failing to guarantee the battery's energy density, and failing to increase the battery's capacity.

[0036] Therefore, by setting the aperture of the first through hole 110 and the second through hole 210 within the above range, it is possible to ensure the energy density of the electrode 10 and improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte on the electrode 10.

[0037] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 3 The distance B1 between two adjacent first through holes 110 satisfies: 500μm ≤ B1 ≤ 5000μm. The distance B2 between two adjacent second through holes 210 satisfies: 500μm ≤ B2 ≤ 5000μm. For example, the value of B1 can be 500μm, 550μm, 1000μm, 1300μm, 1500μm, 1700μm, 1900μm, 2000μm, 2200μm, 2500μm, 2800μm, 3000μm, 3300μm, 3500μm, 3700μm, 4000μm, 4200μm, 4400μm, 4600μm, 4800μm, 5000μm, etc. The value of B2 can be 500um, 550um, 1000um, 1300um, 1500um, 1700um, 1900um, 2000um, 2200um, 2500um, 2800um, 3000um, 3300um, 3500um, 3700um, 4000um, 4200um, 4400um, 4600um, 4800um, 5000um, etc.

[0038] It should be noted that, in order to maintain the consistency of the opening of the first through hole 110 and the second through hole 210, B1 and B2 take the same value.

[0039] Specifically, in this embodiment, the distance between two adjacent first through holes 110 and the distance between two adjacent second through holes 210 are set within the aforementioned range. Firstly, this avoids situations where the distance between two adjacent first through holes 110 or two adjacent second through holes 210 is too great (i.e., the number of first through holes 110 or second through holes 210 is too small), which would obstruct the flow of electrolyte within the electrode 10, preventing the smooth flow of electrolyte within the electrode 10 and thus hindering the wetting effect of the electrolyte on the electrode 10, the efficiency of lithium-ion transport by the electrolyte, and the significant improvement in the battery's charging rate. Secondly, this avoids situations where the distance between two adjacent first through holes 110 or two adjacent second through holes 210 is too great (i.e., the number of first through holes 110 or second through holes 210 is too large), leading to excessive loss of the active material layer 200, failing to guarantee the battery's energy density, and hindering the improvement of the battery's capacity.

[0040] Therefore, by appropriately adjusting the distance between two adjacent first through holes 110 or two adjacent second through holes 210 (that is, by appropriately adjusting the number of first through holes 110 or second through holes 210), the energy density of the electrode 10 can be guaranteed, and the wetting effect of the electrolyte on the electrode 10 can be improved.

[0041] In some embodiments, the current collector 100 is a negative electrode current collector 100, and the active material layer 200 is a negative electrode active material layer 200. Alternatively, the current collector 100 is a positive electrode current collector 100, and the active material layer 200 is a positive electrode active material layer 200.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment, a first through-hole 110 can be formed separately in the positive electrode current collector 100, and a second through-hole 210 can be formed separately in the positive electrode active material layer 200; a first through-hole 110 can be formed separately in the negative electrode current collector 100, and a second through-hole 210 can be formed separately in the negative electrode active material layer 200; or a first through-hole 110 can be formed in both the positive electrode current collector 100 and the negative electrode current collector 100, and a second through-hole 210 can be formed in both the positive electrode active material layer 200 and the negative electrode active material layer 200.

[0043] For example, the first through hole 110 and the second through hole 210 can be formed by laser drilling. Specifically, the current collector 100 needs to be penetrated by laser to form the first through hole 110 in the current collector 100, and the active material layer 200 needs to be penetrated by laser to form the second through hole 210 in the active material layer 200.

[0044] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 The current collector 100 has at least two coated sidewalls 120 disposed opposite to each other, and each of the two coated sidewalls 120 is provided with an active material layer 200.

[0045] Specifically, in this embodiment, by coating both sides of the current collector 100 with an active material layer 200, firstly, it is beneficial to improve the energy density of the electrode 10, thereby increasing the battery capacity; secondly, it is beneficial to extract or insert more lithium ions, ensuring the efficiency of lithium ion extraction or insertion, while preventing lithium plating, thereby ensuring the safety of battery use and improving the fast charging efficiency of the battery.

[0046] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first through hole 110 or the second through hole 210 extends in a cylindrical shape. Alternatively, the first through hole 110 or the second through hole 210 extends in a rectangular shape. Alternatively, the first through hole 110 or the second through hole 210 extends in an irregular shape.

[0047] Specifically, in this embodiment, the drilling method for the first through hole 110 and the second through hole 210 is not limited to one type and can be a combination of drilling methods. Regardless of the drilling method used, it is necessary to simplify the drilling process of the first through hole 110 and the second through hole 210, reduce the drilling difficulty of the first through hole 110 and the second through hole 210, and improve the drilling efficiency of the first through hole 110 and the second through hole 210, so as to facilitate the processing of the electrode sheet 10.

[0048] Based on the embodiments provided in this application, multiple sets of comparative experiments were conducted, and the experimental data results are shown in Table 1:

[0049] Table 1 Here, 3C refers to the charging speed of the battery cell. 1C means that the cell can be fully charged in one hour with a constant current, while 3C requires 20 minutes to fully charge. The larger the cell capacity, the higher the energy density of the cell. The longer the 3C constant current time, the higher the conductivity and the faster the charging speed of the cell.

[0050] In summary, by setting the aperture of the first through hole 110 and the second through hole 210 between 50um and 300um (inclusive), and setting the spacing between two adjacent first through holes 110 and two adjacent second through holes 210 between 500um and 5000um (inclusive), the energy density can be guaranteed while the charging efficiency can be improved.

[0051] Correspondingly, another embodiment of this application also provides an electrochemical device, referring to... Figure 1The electrochemical device includes the electrode 10 in any of the above embodiments, comprising a positive electrode 10 and a negative electrode 10. The electrochemical device also includes a separator 300 disposed between the positive electrode 10 and the negative electrode 10, which completely separates the positive electrode 10 from the negative electrode 10. The separator 300 allows only lithium ions to pass through, and by completely separating the positive electrode 10 and the negative electrode 10, direct contact between the positive electrode 10 and the negative electrode 10 is prevented, thus avoiding a short circuit in the electrochemical device.

[0052] Exemplarily, the electrochemical device can be a wound cell or a stacked cell. Alternatively, the electrochemical device includes any apparatus in which an electrochemical reaction occurs to interconvert chemical energy into electrical energy, with specific, non-limiting examples including all types of primary batteries, secondary batteries, fuel cells, solar cells, or capacitors. In particular, the electrochemical device is a lithium secondary battery, including lithium metal secondary batteries, lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium polymer secondary batteries, or lithium-ion polymer secondary batteries.

[0053] Specifically, in this embodiment, by using the electrode 10 provided in the above embodiments, the energy density of the electrochemical device can be guaranteed while the fast charging speed of the electrochemical device can be improved, so that the electrochemical device can adapt to the needs of development.

[0054] In some embodiments, the electrochemical device further includes an aluminum-plastic membrane having a receiving cavity in which the electrode 10 and the separator 300 are disposed. The receiving cavity is filled with an electrolyte used to wet the electrode 10 and the separator 300.

[0055] Specifically, in this embodiment, the aluminum-plastic film can encapsulate the electrode 10 and the separator 300. While ensuring that the aluminum-plastic film can provide protection for the electrode 10 and the separator 300, it can also fill the aluminum-plastic film with electrolyte to ensure that the electrochemical device can charge and discharge normally.

[0056] In some embodiments, the electrode 10 and the diaphragm 300 can be glued to the cavity to ensure that the electrode 10 and the diaphragm 300 do not easily shake, thereby improving the safety of the electrochemical device.

[0057] Correspondingly, this application also proposes an electronic device that includes the electrochemical device described in the above embodiments. Exemplarily, the electronic device of this application is not particularly limited and can be any electronic device known in the prior art. The use of the electrochemical device of this application is not particularly limited and can be used in any electronic device known in the prior art. According to some embodiments, the electronic device includes, but is not limited to, mobile phones, smartphones, laptops, tablets, wearable devices, smartwatches, smart bracelets, smart glasses, power banks, televisions, game consoles, game controllers, digital cameras, smart speakers, headphones, keyboards, mice, monitors, drones, audio equipment, home appliances, toys, power tools, automobiles, motorcycles, electric bicycles, bicycles, robots, robot dogs, industrial robots, android robots, etc.

[0058] Specifically, in this embodiment, the electronic device using the above-mentioned electrochemical device has excellent fast charging performance and can complete charging in a timely manner.

[0059] Thanks to the improvements to the electrode 10 described above, the electrochemical device and electronic device of this embodiment have the same technical effects as the electrode 10 described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0060] It should be noted that other undisclosed contents of the electrode 10, electrochemical device and electronic device provided in this application can be found in the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

[0061] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the content of the specification and drawings of this application under the concept of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An electrode, characterized in that, include: The current collector has a plurality of first through holes spaced apart along its thickness direction, and defines a coating sidewall along a direction perpendicular to its thickness direction. An active material layer is disposed on the coating sidewall, and a plurality of second through holes are spaced apart along the thickness direction of the active material layer.

2. The electrode sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the direction from the active material layer to the current collector, the second through hole is aligned with the first through hole.

3. The electrode sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aperture A1 of a plurality of the first through holes satisfies: 50μm≤A1≤300μm; The aperture A2 of a number of the second through holes satisfies: 50μm≤A2≤300μm.

4. The electrode sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance B1 between two adjacent first through holes satisfies: 500μm≤B1≤5000μm; The distance B2 between two adjacent second through holes satisfies: 500μm≤B2≤5000μm.

5. The electrode sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current collector has at least two coated sidewalls arranged opposite to each other, and both coated sidewalls are provided with the active material layer.

6. The electrode sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first or second through hole extends in a cylindrical shape; Alternatively, the first or second through hole may be arranged in a rectangular shape.

7. The electrode sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current collector is a negative electrode current collector, and the active material layer is a negative electrode active material layer; Alternatively, the current collector is a positive electrode current collector, and the active material layer is a positive electrode active material layer.

8. An electrochemical device, characterized in that, include: A positive electrode and a negative electrode, wherein the positive electrode and / or the negative electrode is an electrode as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; A separator is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the separator is used to completely separate the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

9. The electrochemical device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The electrochemical device further includes an aluminum-plastic membrane, which has a receiving cavity, and the electrode and the diaphragm are disposed within the receiving cavity; The cavity is filled with electrolyte.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the electrochemical device as described in claim 8 or 9.

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