A hydrogen fuel cell apparatus with waste heat recycling and integrated cooling channels

Abstract

The utility model relates to hydrogen fuel cell technical field, and disclose a kind of hydrogen fuel cell equipment with waste heat circulation and integrated cooling runner, contain hydrogen cylinder, oxygen cylinder, electric pile, gas-water separator, hydrogen eliminator, water storage tank, flow guide pipe, serpentine runner plate and lithium battery.Hydrogen cylinder outlet end is connected electric pile hydrogen gas import, oxygen cylinder is connected electric pile oxygen gas import;Gas-water separator is located electric pile reaction product export, its gas outlet is connected hydrogen eliminator, liquid outlet is connected water storage tank;Flow guide pipe connects electric pile high-temperature exhaust outlet and hydrogen eliminator air inlet;Serpentine runner plate is located electric pile cooling liquid outlet, and cooling liquid circulates between it and electric pile;Lithium battery is connected with electric pile electric energy output end.The equipment realizes gas-liquid separation by gas-water separator, reduces hydrogen safety hidden danger using hydrogen eliminator;Serpentine runner plate effectively takes away heat;Lithium battery realizes recovery and standby, and equipment safety, energy efficiency and power supply stability are comprehensively optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cell technology, specifically to a hydrogen fuel cell device with waste heat circulation and integrated cooling channels. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells, as key equipment for achieving efficient conversion of clean energy, have been widely used in new energy vehicles, distributed power supply systems, and emergency backup power sources. They rely on the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to output energy, featuring zero pollutant emissions, high energy density, and strong operational stability. Against the backdrop of ongoing energy structure transformation and increasing demands for ecological and environmental protection, they have become an important direction for promoting the development of the green energy industry. With the continuous advancement of hydrogen fuel cell technology, the market's requirements for overall equipment performance, operational safety, and energy utilization efficiency are increasing. The rationality of the equipment structure and the degree of functional integration have become core factors influencing its industrial application.

[0003] In terms of fuel cell reactor product processing, existing structures struggle to adequately separate the gas-liquid mixture generated during the reaction, easily leading to liquid residues in pipelines or subsequent components. This not only interferes with normal component operation but also fails to effectively handle hydrogen in the mixed gas. In terms of fuel cell heat dissipation, traditional cooling structures typically have small heat exchange areas and short heat exchange times, making it difficult to quickly and stably remove the heat generated by the fuel cell during operation. This causes the fuel cell temperature to easily exceed the suitable operating range. Regarding energy utilization, existing equipment lacks efficient energy recovery and backup storage designs, resulting in some of the energy generated by the fuel cell not being effectively retained. Consequently, the equipment fails to meet practical application requirements in terms of safety performance, energy efficiency, and power supply reliability. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell device with waste heat circulation and integrated cooling channels, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art where the device cannot meet the practical application requirements in terms of safety performance, energy efficiency, and power supply reliability.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a hydrogen fuel cell device with waste heat circulation and integrated cooling channels, comprising: a hydrogen cylinder, an oxygen cylinder, a fuel cell stack, a gas-water separator, a hydrogen eliminator, a water storage tank, a guide pipe, a serpentine flow channel plate, and a lithium battery;

[0006] The outlet of the hydrogen cylinder is equipped with an electric stack, and the outlet of the hydrogen cylinder is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the electric stack. An oxygen cylinder is installed at the oxygen inlet of the electric stack.

[0007] A gas-liquid separator is installed at the reaction product outlet of the fuel cell stack, and the reaction product outlet of the fuel cell stack is connected to the gas inlet of the gas-liquid separator.

[0008] A hydrogen elimination device is installed at the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator. The gas-liquid separator is connected to the gas inlet of the hydrogen elimination device, and a water storage tank is installed at the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator.

[0009] A guide pipe is installed at the inlet and outlet of the gas-liquid separator. The inlet of the guide pipe is connected to the high-temperature exhaust outlet of the fuel cell stack, and the outlet of the guide pipe is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen eliminator.

[0010] A serpentine flow channel plate is disposed at the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack. The coolant inlet of the serpentine flow channel plate is connected to the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack through a pipeline, and the coolant outlet of the serpentine flow channel plate is connected to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack through a pipeline.

[0011] A lithium battery is disposed at the power output end of the fuel cell stack, and the power output end of the fuel cell stack is connected to the charging end of the lithium battery via a wire.

[0012] Preferably, the hydrogen eliminater is equipped with a honeycomb catalytic carrier inside, which is arranged towards the gas outlet end of the guide pipe so that the high-temperature exhaust gas introduced through the guide pipe can quickly heat the honeycomb catalytic carrier and improve the reaction efficiency between waste hydrogen and the catalytic carrier.

[0013] Preferably, the inner wall of the serpentine flow channel plate is equipped with a turbulence-disrupting protrusion. The turbulence-disrupting protrusion is evenly distributed along the extension direction of the serpentine flow channel plate. The turbulence-disrupting protrusion is used to disturb the coolant in the flow channel and enhance the heat exchange effect of the coolant.

[0014] Preferably, a one-way exhaust valve is connected in series on the surface of the guide pipe. The one-way exhaust valve is directed from the high-temperature exhaust outlet of the fuel cell stack to the inlet of the hydrogen scavenger. The one-way exhaust valve can prevent the gas in the hydrogen scavenger from flowing back into the fuel cell stack.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom of the hydrogen eliminator is provided with a drain outlet, which is connected to the inlet of the water storage tank through a pipeline, for collecting the water generated by the catalytic reaction of waste hydrogen in the hydrogen eliminator into the water storage tank.

[0016] Preferably, a wire is installed between the power output terminal of the battery stack and the charging terminal of the lithium battery, and a charging controller is installed on the surface of the wire between the battery stack and the lithium battery, which can adjust the current and voltage delivered by the battery stack to the lithium battery to achieve stable charging of the lithium battery.

[0017] Preferably, the gas-liquid separator has an inclined baffle plate inside, which is located between the gas inlet and the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator. The baffle plate enhances the gas-liquid separation effect through the baffle effect and reduces the moisture content entering the hydrogen elimination device.

[0018] Preferably, a water pump is installed on the surface of the coolant outlet pipe of the serpentine flow channel plate to ensure that the coolant after heat exchange through the serpentine flow channel plate can be quickly pumped back to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack in a timely manner, so as to maintain a suitable operating temperature of the fuel cell stack.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a hydrogen fuel cell device with waste heat circulation and integrated cooling channels, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This hydrogen fuel cell device, featuring waste heat circulation and integrated cooling channels, incorporates a gas-liquid separator to separate the reaction products generated by the fuel cell stack into gas and liquid components. The separated liquid is collected in a water storage tank, preventing residual liquid from interfering with the operation of subsequent components. Simultaneously, a hydrogen eliminator treats the hydrogen in the gas, reducing the safety hazards of hydrogen in the exhaust and improving operational safety. A serpentine flow channel plate increases the heat exchange area and duration between the coolant and the fuel cell stack, effectively removing the heat generated during operation and maintaining the stack within a suitable temperature range, ensuring power generation efficiency and lifespan. Furthermore, the electricity generated by the stack is stored in lithium batteries, enabling energy recovery and backup. The overall structural design ensures both power generation efficiency and operational safety while reducing energy waste and improving power supply reliability, achieving comprehensive optimization in safety, energy efficiency, and power supply stability. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Hydrogen cylinder; 2. Oxygen cylinder; 3. Fuel cell stack; 4. Gas-water separator; 5. Hydrogen eliminator; 6. Water storage tank; 7. Flow guide pipe; 8. Serpentine flow channel plate; 9. Lithium battery; 10. Water pump. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] This utility model provides a technical solution: a hydrogen fuel cell device with waste heat circulation and integrated cooling channels. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 It includes: hydrogen cylinder 1, oxygen cylinder 2, fuel cell stack 3, gas-water separator 4, hydrogen eliminator 5, water storage tank 6, guide pipe 7, serpentine flow channel plate 8, and lithium battery 9.

[0025] A fuel cell stack 3 is installed at the outlet of hydrogen cylinder 1. The outlet of hydrogen cylinder 1 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of fuel cell stack 3. An oxygen cylinder 2 is installed at the oxygen inlet of fuel cell stack 3.

[0026] Gas-liquid separator 4 is located at the reaction product outlet of fuel cell stack 3, and the reaction product outlet of fuel cell stack 3 is connected to the gas inlet of gas-liquid separator 4.

[0027] Hydrogen eliminator 5 is installed at the gas outlet of gas-liquid separator 4. Gas-liquid separator 4 is connected to the gas inlet of hydrogen eliminator 5. A water storage tank 6 is installed at the liquid outlet of gas-liquid separator 4.

[0028] The guide pipe 7 is installed at the inlet and outlet of the gas-water separator 4. The inlet of the guide pipe 7 is connected to the high-temperature exhaust outlet of the fuel cell stack 3, and the outlet of the guide pipe 7 is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen eliminator 5.

[0029] The serpentine flow channel plate 8 is located at the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack 3. The coolant inlet of the serpentine flow channel plate 8 is connected to the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack 3 through a pipeline, and the coolant outlet of the serpentine flow channel plate 8 is connected to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack 3 through a pipeline.

[0030] The lithium battery 9 is located at the power output terminal of the fuel cell stack 3, and the power output terminal of the fuel cell stack 3 is connected to the charging terminal of the lithium battery 9 through a wire.

[0031] The reaction product outlet of fuel cell stack 3 is connected to the inlet of gas-liquid separator 4, allowing the reaction products generated during the operation of fuel cell stack 3 to be introduced into gas-liquid separator 4 for gas-liquid separation. The separated liquid can be collected in water storage tank 6 to prevent liquid residue from interfering with the operation of subsequent components. At the same time, the gas outlet of gas-liquid separator 4 is connected to the inlet of hydrogen eliminator 5, and the guide pipe 7 connects the high-temperature exhaust outlet of fuel cell stack 3 to the inlet of hydrogen eliminator 5, so that the separated gas and the high-temperature exhaust of fuel cell stack 3 can enter hydrogen eliminator 5 together. Hydrogen eliminator 5 treats the hydrogen in the gas, reducing the safety hazards of hydrogen in the exhaust and improving the safety of equipment operation. The coolant outlet of fuel cell stack 3 is connected to the serpentine flow channel plate. The coolant inlet of the 8-channel plate is connected to the coolant outlet of the serpentine flow channel plate 8, which in turn connects to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack 3, forming a closed-loop cooling path. The serpentine flow channel structure can increase the heat exchange area and heat exchange time between the coolant and the fuel cell stack 3, effectively removing the heat generated by the fuel cell stack 3 during operation, maintaining the fuel cell stack 3 in a suitable temperature range, and ensuring the power generation efficiency and service life of the fuel cell stack 3. In addition, the power output end of the fuel cell stack 3 is connected to the charging end of the lithium battery 9 through a wire, which can store the power generated by the fuel cell stack 3 in the lithium battery 9, realize the recovery and backup of power, reduce power waste, and when the power output of the fuel cell stack 3 is unstable, the lithium battery 9 can supplement the power supply in time, improving the overall power supply reliability of the equipment.

[0032] The hydrogen eliminator 5 is equipped with a honeycomb catalytic carrier, which is arranged towards the outlet end of the guide pipe 7 so that the high-temperature exhaust gas introduced through the guide pipe 7 can quickly heat the honeycomb catalytic carrier and improve the reaction efficiency between waste hydrogen and the catalytic carrier.

[0033] The inner wall of the serpentine flow channel plate 8 is equipped with turbulence protrusions. The turbulence protrusions are evenly distributed along the extension direction of the serpentine flow channel plate 8. The turbulence protrusions are used to turbulent the coolant in the flow channel and enhance the heat exchange effect of the coolant.

[0034] A one-way exhaust valve is connected in series on the surface of the guide pipe 7. The one-way exhaust valve is directed from the high-temperature exhaust outlet of the fuel cell stack 3 to the inlet of the hydrogen scavenger 5. The one-way exhaust valve can prevent the gas in the hydrogen scavenger 5 from flowing back into the fuel cell stack 3.

[0035] The bottom of the hydrogen eliminator 5 is equipped with a drain outlet, which is connected to the inlet of the water storage tank 6 through a pipeline, and is used to collect the water generated by the catalytic reaction of waste hydrogen in the hydrogen eliminator 5 into the water storage tank 6.

[0036] A wire is installed between the power output terminal of the fuel cell stack 3 and the charging terminal of the lithium battery 9. A charging controller is installed on the surface of the wire between the fuel cell stack 3 and the lithium battery 9, which can adjust the current and voltage delivered by the fuel cell stack 3 to the lithium battery 9 to achieve stable charging of the lithium battery 9.

[0037] The gas-liquid separator 4 is equipped with inclined baffles located between the gas inlet and the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 4. The baffles enhance the gas-liquid separation effect through the baffle action and reduce the moisture content entering the hydrogen elimination device 5.

[0038] A water pump 10 is installed on the surface of the coolant outlet pipe of the serpentine flow channel plate 8 to ensure that the coolant after heat exchange through the serpentine flow channel plate 8 can be quickly pumped back to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack 3 in a timely manner, so as to maintain the appropriate operating temperature of the fuel cell stack 3.

[0039] During operation: Hydrogen from hydrogen cylinder 1 and oxygen from oxygen cylinder 2 enter fuel cell stack 3 for reaction. The reaction products enter gas-liquid separator 4 through the reaction product outlet of fuel cell stack 3. The internal baffles enhance gas-liquid separation. The liquid enters water storage tank 6, while the gas enters hydrogen elimination device 5 through guide pipe 7 and high-temperature exhaust gas from fuel cell stack 3. The honeycomb catalyst carrier in hydrogen elimination device 5 is rapidly heated by the high-temperature exhaust gas to improve the waste hydrogen reaction efficiency. The bottom drain outlet collects the water generated by the reaction into water storage tank 6. At the same time, the coolant in fuel cell stack 3 enters serpentine flow channel plate 8 through coolant outlet. The turbulence protrusions on its inner wall enhance heat exchange. The water pump 10 in the coolant outlet pipeline pumps the coolant back to fuel cell stack 3 to form closed-loop cooling. In addition, the electrical energy of fuel cell stack 3 is transmitted to lithium battery 9 for storage via wires, realizing energy recovery and backup.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell device with waste heat circulation and integrated cooling channels, characterized in that, include: Hydrogen cylinder (1), oxygen cylinder (2), fuel cell stack (3), gas-water separator (4), hydrogen eliminator (5), water storage tank (6), flow guide pipe (7), serpentine flow channel plate (8) and lithium battery (9); The outlet of the hydrogen cylinder (1) is equipped with a fuel cell stack (3), the outlet of the hydrogen cylinder (1) is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack (3), and the oxygen inlet of the fuel cell stack (3) is equipped with an oxygen cylinder (2). A gas-liquid separator (4) is installed at the reaction product outlet of the fuel cell stack (3), and the reaction product outlet of the fuel cell stack (3) is connected to the gas inlet of the gas-liquid separator (4). Hydrogen eliminator (5) is installed at the gas outlet of gas-liquid separator (4). The gas-liquid separator (4) is connected to the gas inlet of hydrogen eliminator (5). A water storage tank (6) is installed at the liquid outlet of gas-liquid separator (4). The guide pipe (7) is set at the gas inlet and gas outlet of the gas-water separator (4). The gas inlet of the guide pipe (7) is connected to the high temperature exhaust outlet of the fuel cell stack (3), and the gas outlet of the guide pipe (7) is connected to the gas inlet of the hydrogen eliminator (5). A serpentine flow channel plate (8) is provided at the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack (3). The coolant inlet of the serpentine flow channel plate (8) is connected to the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack (3) through a pipeline, and the coolant outlet of the serpentine flow channel plate (8) is connected to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack (3) through a pipeline. A lithium battery (9) is disposed at the power output terminal of the stack (3), and the power output terminal of the stack (3) is connected to the charging terminal of the lithium battery (9) through a wire.

2. The hydrogen fuel cell device with waste heat circulation and integrated cooling channels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen eliminator (5) is equipped with a honeycomb catalytic carrier inside, which is arranged toward the gas outlet end of the guide tube (7).

3. A hydrogen fuel cell device with waste heat circulation and integrated cooling channels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the serpentine flow channel plate (8) is equipped with turbulence protrusions, which are evenly arranged along the extension direction of the serpentine flow channel plate (8).

4. A hydrogen fuel cell device with waste heat circulation and integrated cooling channels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the guide pipe (7) is connected in series with a one-way exhaust valve, and the one-way exhaust valve is directed from the high-temperature exhaust outlet of the fuel cell stack (3) to the inlet of the hydrogen eliminator (5).

5. A hydrogen fuel cell device with waste heat circulation and integrated cooling channels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the hydrogen eliminator (5) is provided with a drain outlet, which is connected to the inlet of the water storage tank (6) through a pipeline.

6. A hydrogen fuel cell device with waste heat circulation and integrated cooling channels according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wire is installed between the power output terminal of the fuel cell stack (3) and the charging terminal of the lithium battery (9), and a charging controller is installed on the surface of the wire between the fuel cell stack (3) and the lithium battery (9).

7. A hydrogen fuel cell device with waste heat circulation and integrated cooling channels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-water separator (4) is provided with inclined baffles inside, which are located between the gas inlet and the gas outlet of the gas-water separator (4).

8. A hydrogen fuel cell device with waste heat circulation and integrated cooling channels according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water pump (10) is installed on the pipe surface of the coolant outlet of the serpentine flow channel plate (8).

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