Electrochemical device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electrochemical device and electronic equipment, including electrode assembly, electrode assembly includes first pole piece, diaphragm and second pole piece, first pole piece includes current collector and sets up the active material layer on current collector, and the active material layer is divided along the width direction of first pole piece and has a plurality of scribe area, and scribe area is provided with a plurality of line groove, the active material layer is equipped with the recess, along the width direction of first pole piece, and the recess extends from the side edge of first pole piece to the middle area of first pole piece and sets up, a plurality of scribe area includes first scribe area, along the width direction of first pole piece, and first scribe area coincides with the middle area of first pole piece, and the scribe interval of first scribe area is less than the scribe interval of at least one part scribe area in the rest scribe area. The pole piece adopts the design of partition scribe along its width direction and the scribe interval between the partition exists difference, can fit the surface current and ion concentration distribution characteristics of pole piece, realizes the matching and balance of ion transmission channel supply and demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electrochemical energy storage technology, and in particular to an electrochemical device and electronic equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries, as electrochemical systems containing lithium (including metallic lithium, lithium alloys, lithium-ion batteries, and lithium polymer batteries), are widely used in consumer electronics and other fields due to their outstanding advantages such as high energy density, long cycle life, and low self-discharge rate. Against the backdrop of global energy transition and green development, further improving the energy density, charge / discharge efficiency, and cycle stability of lithium-ion batteries has become a core driving force for technological iteration in the industry.

[0003] In lithium-ion battery manufacturing, the anode electrode, as a key carrier for lithium-ion insertion / deintercalation, plays a decisive role in battery performance due to its surface structure design. Currently, to reduce lithium-ion diffusion resistance and improve battery reaction kinetics, the industry commonly uses laser drilling technology to process vertical groove structures on the surface of the anode electrode, constructing a three-dimensional, interconnected ion transport channel.

[0004] However, during lithium battery operation, the current density on the electrode surface varies due to factors such as the position of the tabs and the electrode structure. For example, along the width of the electrode, the current density in the central region is significantly higher than in other regions, leading to a mismatch between the demand and supply of ion transport channels in some areas. This supply-demand imbalance can not only increase production costs but also affect the stability of electrode materials, restricting the overall balance and consistency of battery performance, thus becoming a critical technical challenge that urgently needs to be addressed to improve lithium battery performance. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main purpose of this invention is to propose an electrochemical device that aims to solve the technical problem of supply and demand imbalance in ion transport channels caused by the difference between the current density and ion concentration on the electrode surface when drilling holes and slots are used to construct ion transport channels in existing lithium batteries.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model proposes an electrochemical device, which includes an electrode assembly. The electrode assembly includes a first electrode, a diaphragm, and a second electrode that are stacked and wound around each other, wherein the polarity of the second electrode is opposite to that of the first electrode. The first electrode includes a current collector and an active material layer disposed on the current collector. The active material layer is divided into multiple scribing areas along the width direction of the first electrode. The scribing areas are provided with multiple grooves. The multiple grooves are distributed at intervals along the width direction of the first electrode, and each groove extends along the length direction of the first electrode. The active material layer has a groove for exposing a portion of the surface of the current collector to connect to the tab. Along the width direction of the first electrode, the groove extends from one side edge of the first electrode toward the central region of the first electrode. The plurality of scribing areas include a first scribing area. Along the width direction of the first electrode, the first scribing area overlaps with the central region of the first electrode, and the scribing spacing of the first scribing area is smaller than the scribing spacing of at least a portion of the other scribing areas.

[0007] Optionally, the plurality of scribing areas further includes a second scribing area and a third scribing area, wherein the second scribing area, the first scribing area, and the third scribing area are distributed sequentially along the width direction of the first electrode sheet; Along the width direction of the first electrode, the scribing spacing of the first scribing area is L1, the scribing spacing of the second scribing area is L2, and the scribing spacing of the third scribing area is L3. L1, L2, and L3 satisfy: L2 > L1 and L1 < L3.

[0008] Optionally, the plurality of scribing areas further includes a fourth scribing area and a fifth scribing area, wherein the fourth scribing area, the second scribing area, the first scribing area, the third scribing area and the fifth scribing area are distributed sequentially along the width direction of the first electrode sheet; The spacing between the lines in the fourth scribing area is L4, and the spacing between the lines in the fifth scribing area is L5. L2, L3, L4, and L5 satisfy the following condition: L4 > L2, and L3 < L5.

[0009] Optionally, L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5 satisfy the following conditions: 0.2mm≤L1≤1.5mm, 0.8mm≤L2≤2mm, 0.8mm≤L3≤2mm, 1.5mm≤L4≤2.5mm, and 1.5mm≤L5≤2.5mm.

[0010] Optionally, the groove width in the first scribed area is W1, the groove width in the second scribed area is W2, the groove width in the third scribed area is W3, the groove width in the fourth scribed area is W4, and the groove width in the fifth scribed area is W5. W1, W2, W3, W4, and W5 satisfy the following conditions: W4 < W2 < W1, and W1 > W3 > W5.

[0011] Optionally, W1, W2, W3, W4, and W5 satisfy the following conditions: 75μm≤W1≤90μm, 70μm≤W2≤85μm, 70μm≤W3≤85μm, 60μm≤W4≤75μm, and 60μm≤W5≤75μm.

[0012] Optionally, the groove depth in the first marking area is H1, the groove depth in the second marking area is H2, the groove depth in the third marking area is H3, the groove depth in the fourth marking area is H4, and the groove depth in the fifth marking area is H5. H1, H2, H3, H4, and H5 satisfy: H4 < H2 < H1, and H1 > H3 > H5.

[0013] Optionally, H1, H2, H3, H4, and H5 satisfy the following conditions: 14μm≤H1≤20μm, 12μm≤H2≤16μm, 12μm≤H3≤16μm, 10μm≤H4≤14μm, and 10μm≤H5≤14μm.

[0014] Optionally, in the width direction of the first electrode, the distance between one edge of the active material layer and the nearest groove thereto is A1, and the distance between the other edge of the active material layer and the nearest groove thereto is A2, wherein A1 and A2 satisfy: 0mm < A1 ≤ 4mm, 0mm < A2 ≤ 4mm; and / or, In the width direction of the first electrode, the width of the second scribed area is A3, wherein A3 satisfies: A3 ≥ 5L1; and / or, In the width direction of the first electrode, the width of the third scribed area is A4, and A4 satisfies: A4≥5L1.

[0015] Optionally, the groove is formed by a plurality of continuously arranged and interconnected micropores, the projection of the micropores in the thickness direction of the active material layer being circular, elliptical, fan-shaped or polygonal.

[0016] Optionally, the pore size of the micropore is D, wherein D satisfies: 5μm≤D≤20μm.

[0017] This invention also proposes an electronic device comprising the electrochemical device described above.

[0018] This utility model's electrochemical device divides the active material layer of the electrode into multiple scribed regions along the width direction of the electrode. Multiple grooves are provided in each scribed region, spaced apart along the width direction of the first electrode and extending along the length direction of the first electrode. The active material layer has grooves for exposing a portion of the current collector surface to connect to the tabs. These grooves extend from one edge of the first electrode towards its central region. The first scribed region overlaps with the central region of the first electrode, and the spacing between the scribed lines in the first scribed region is smaller than the spacing between at least some of the other scribed regions. Because the spacing between the scribed lines in the first scribed region is smaller and the grooves are densely distributed, it can fully meet the requirements of… The central region adjacent to one end of the electrode and the tab (i.e., the high current density region) requires ion transport channels, avoiding an insufficient number of ion transport channels in the central region. Meanwhile, the spacing between the scribe lines in the remaining scribe lines is appropriately widened according to the decrease in current density and ion concentration, resulting in a sparse distribution of scribe lines and preventing an excessive number of ion transport channels at the edges of the electrode. In other words, the electrode employs a zoned scribe line design along its width, with varying spacing between zones. The central region has a dense distribution of ion transport channels, while the remaining regions have relatively sparse channels. This design aligns with the current and ion concentration distribution characteristics of the electrode surface, achieving a match and balance between the supply and demand of ion transport channels, thus contributing to improved performance of the electrochemical device. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode assembly of an electrochemical device in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first electrode of the electrode assembly in the embodiment from a certain perspective; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a portion of the active material layer of the first electrode in the embodiment; Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a portion of the active material layer of the first electrode in the embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wire groove structure in one embodiment of the present invention; Explanation of icon numbers: The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0021] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0022] It should also be noted that when a component is described as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component present. When a component is described as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component present.

[0023] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this utility model is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0024] This utility model provides an electrochemical device, referring to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The electrochemical device includes an electrode assembly, which includes a first electrode 100, a diaphragm 200, and a second electrode 300 that are stacked and wound around each other, with the second electrode 300 having the opposite polarity to the first electrode 100. The first electrode 100 includes a current collector 110 and an active material layer 120 disposed on the current collector 110. The active material layer 120 is divided into a plurality of scribing areas 121 along the width direction of the first electrode 100. The scribing areas 121 are provided with a plurality of grooves 122. The plurality of grooves 122 are spaced apart along the width direction of the first electrode 100 and each groove 122 extends along the length direction of the first electrode 100. The active material layer 120 is provided with a groove 120C for exposing a portion of the surface of the current collector 110 to connect to the tab. Along the width direction of the first electrode 100, the groove 120C extends from one side edge of the first electrode 100 toward the central region of the first electrode 100. A plurality of scribing regions 121 include a first scribing region 1211. Along the width direction of the first electrode 100, the first scribing region 1211 overlaps with the central region of the first electrode 100, and the scribing spacing of the first scribing region 1211 is smaller than the scribing spacing of at least a portion of the other scribing regions 121.

[0025] The electrochemical devices involved in this application include any device in which an electrochemical reaction occurs to convert chemical energy into electrical energy and vice versa. Specific, non-limiting embodiments include all types of primary batteries, secondary batteries, fuel cells, solar cells, or capacitors. In particular, the electrochemical device is a lithium secondary battery, including lithium metal secondary batteries, lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium polymer secondary batteries, or lithium-ion polymer secondary batteries, etc.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the electrode assembly, as the basic structure of the electrochemical device, consists of a first electrode 100, a separator 200, and a second electrode 300. These three components are stacked and wound together in the order of "first electrode 100 - separator 200 - second electrode 300" to form a core structure. The second electrode 300 has the opposite polarity to the first electrode 100. Specifically, the first electrode 100 can be the anode (also called the negative electrode), and the second electrode 300 is the cathode (also called the positive electrode). The anode serves as the source of lithium ions during battery discharge, undergoing a lithium ion release reaction. The cathode serves as the source of lithium ions during battery charging, undergoing a lithium ion release reaction. The separator 200, located between the anode and cathode electrodes, plays a crucial role in isolating the electrodes and preventing direct contact and short circuits, while simultaneously allowing lithium ions to pass through, ensuring the smooth progress of the electrochemical reaction. The use of the diaphragm 200 is not particularly limited; in particular, a diaphragm 200 with low resistance to electrolyte ion movement and excellent electrolyte permeability is preferred. Specifically, a porous polymer membrane can be used. In other embodiments, the first electrode 100 may be the cathode electrode and the second electrode 300 may be the anode electrode.

[0027] In addition to the electrode assembly, the electrochemical device may also include a housing, within which the electrode assembly is encapsulated. Furthermore, the housing contains an electrolyte that serves as a carrier for ion transport, forming a conductive path between the anode and cathode to ensure the directional migration of ions during charging and discharging. Depending on the application, the housing may be made of aluminum-plastic film (for pouch cells) or a metal casing (for cylindrical / square hard-case cells) to ensure the device's sealing performance and prevent electrolyte leakage.

[0028] The first electrode 100 includes a current collector 110 and an active material layer 120, with the active material layer 120 disposed on the current collector 110. Specifically, the current collector 110 of the first electrode 100 has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other along its thickness direction. The active material layer 120 can be selectively disposed on the first surface, the second surface, or both surfaces of the current collector 110. Furthermore, the active material layer 120 on the first surface and / or the second surface of the current collector 110 may be provided with a groove 120C (also referred to as an "electrode mounting groove"). The groove 120C penetrates the active material layer 120 along its thickness direction, exposing a portion of the surface of the current collector 110. The size of the groove 120C is adapted to the electrode tab (which matches the polarity of the first electrode 100). The electrode tab can be embedded and accommodated in the groove 120C to connect with the current collector 110, realizing the current conduction / conduction. The connection method can be welding (such as laser welding, ultrasonic welding), etc., including but not limited to these methods. The groove 120C can be located at the center of the first electrode 100 along its length, and an electrode tab can be installed thereto, forming a centrally located electrode tab structure. The location of the groove is included, but not limited to, this. The second electrode 300 also includes a current collector 110 and an active material layer 120 corresponding to its polarity, but the materials used for the current collector 110 and active material layer 120 are different from those used for the first electrode 100.

[0029] Along the width direction of the first electrode 100, the first electrode 100 has a central region. This central region refers to the middle section on the active material layer 120 where there is a gap between it and the two side edges along the width direction of the electrode. Specifically, if the total width of the first electrode 100 is P, the gap between the central section and one of its side edges (such as the top edge) is p1, and the gap between the central section and the other side edge is p2, the width of the central section is P-p1-p2, and the central section covers the centerline of the first electrode 100 along its width direction. Along the width direction of the first electrode 100, a groove 120C extends from one side edge of the first electrode 100 toward the central region of the first electrode 100.

[0030] Along the width direction of the first electrode 100, the active material layer 120 is divided into multiple independent scribing regions 121. These scribing regions 121 can be located on the first and / or second surfaces of the current collector 110. The multiple scribing regions 121 are sequentially distributed along the width direction of the first electrode 100 (adjacent scribing regions 121 can be seamlessly connected or spaced apart). For example, the number of scribing regions 121 can be three, four, or five, or more than five. The dimensional parameters such as the width and area of ​​different scribing regions 121 can be equal or unequal, depending on actual needs; this embodiment does not impose any limitations on this. Each scribing region 121 is processed with multiple grooves 122, which are spaced apart along the width direction of the first electrode 100. Each groove 122 extends along the length direction (perpendicular to the length direction) of the first electrode 100, correspondingly forming multiple transversely penetrating ion transport channels.

[0031] The multiple marking areas 121 include a first marking area 1211, which overlaps with the central region of the first electrode 100 along the width direction of the first electrode 100. The overlap between the first marking area 1211 and the central region can be such that, along the width direction of the first electrode 100, the starting end of the first marking area 1211 does not exceed the starting side of the central region, and the ending end of the first marking area 1211 does not exceed the ending side of the central region; or, a portion of the first marking area 1211 extends beyond the central region, but the core portion overlaps with the central region, depending on actual needs. The spacing between the scribe lines in the first scribe area 1211 is less than the spacing between at least a portion of the other scribe areas 121. Specifically, the spacing between the first scribe area 1211 located in the central region of the active material layer 120 corresponding to the width direction of the electrode can be less than the spacing between a portion of the other scribe areas 121, or it can be less than the spacing between all the other scribe areas 121. For example, if there are three scribe areas 121, with the first scribe area 1211 located in the central region, the spacing between the first scribe area 1211 can be less than the spacing between one of the other two scribe areas 121, or it can be less than the spacing between both of the other two scribe areas 121. As for the other scribe areas 121 besides the first scribe area 1211, the spacing between them can be the same or different; this embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this. The described scribe spacing is the distance between the edges (or central axis) of two adjacent grooves 122 along the width direction of the first pole piece 100. Optionally, for each scribe area 121, the distance between any two adjacent grooves 122 within the area is equal. The so-called relative distance can be completely equal or approximately equal, that is, slight errors are allowed.

[0032] It should be noted that the scribing area 121 involved can be a virtual area. In the actual electrode structure, the boundary of each scribing area 121 in the electrode width direction is not defined by a clear mark or boundary line on the electrode, but can be determined by other features. For example, depending on the different scribing spacings designed, multiple grooves 122 with equal and continuous scribing spacing can be arranged to form a groove group, with the grooves 122 at both ends of the groove group serving as the boundary of the scribing area 121 in the electrode width direction, or a preset distance (such as 1 mm) can be extended outward from the grooves 122 at both ends of the groove group as the boundary of the scribing area 121 in the electrode width direction.

[0033] During the charging and discharging process of the electrochemical device, current is introduced into / outlet from the current collector 110 through the tab. Due to the resistance of the current collector 110, a voltage drop occurs when the current is transmitted from the area near the welding end of the tab (i.e., the middle area of ​​the electrode) to the edge areas on both sides of the electrode (i.e., the top and bottom sides). This results in a distribution characteristic of "high in the middle area and low in the edge areas on both sides" of the current density on the electrode surface along the width direction of the first electrode 100. At the same time, lithium ions need to migrate in the active material layer 120 to complete the insertion / extraction reaction. The concentration gradient is consistent with the current density distribution. That is, the ion consumption / generation rate is high and the concentration requirement is high near the area near the welding end of the tab (i.e., the middle area of ​​the electrode), while the opposite is true for the edge areas on both sides of the electrode.

[0034] The specific mechanism by which partition lines work can be: Densely marked area (central region along the electrode width): This area (i.e., the first marked area 1211) has small spacing and high density of grooves 122 (a large number of grooves 122 per unit area), providing more three-dimensional through-channel ion transport. During charging and discharging, the dense grooves 122 in the densely marked area can quickly conduct a large number of lithium ions, meeting the ion transport requirements under high current density near the electrode welding end, avoiding "concentration polarization" (i.e., the lithium ion concentration difference between the active material surface and the electrolyte) caused by ion congestion, thereby reducing the electrochemical polarization overpotential and improving charging and discharging efficiency.

[0035] Sparsely marked areas (non-central areas in the electrode width direction): As the distance from the central area increases, the current density and lithium-ion concentration requirements gradually decrease. By increasing the spacing of the slots 122 and reducing the number of slots 122, the electrolyte waste caused by empty channels and the destruction of the structural integrity of the active material layer 120 can be avoided while meeting the ion transport requirements (too many slots 122 will reduce the mechanical strength of the active material layer 120).

[0036] Through a zoned design, the supply of ion transport channels on the electrode surface is precisely matched with the demand in different areas. During charging, external current enters the current collector 110 through the tabs. In the densely scribed areas, the dense grooves 122 accelerate the migration of lithium ions from the electrolyte to the active material layer 120, ensuring that the active material near the tabs quickly receives lithium ions. In the sparsely scribed areas, a reasonable number of grooves 122 is used to prevent lithium ions from stagnating in the channels, ensuring a balanced overall migration rate.

[0037] That is, the electrode adopts a zoned design along its width, and the spacing between the zones varies. The ion transport channels are densely distributed in the central region, while the ion transport channels in the other regions are relatively sparse. This can match the distribution characteristics of current and ion concentration on the electrode surface, achieve the matching and balance of ion transport channel supply and demand, and help improve the performance of electrochemical devices.

[0038] In addition, the electrode in this embodiment adopts transverse scribing, which can be applied to multi-tab, irregularly shaped tab and other structures in addition to the central tab structure. Furthermore, it can improve the uniformity of electrolyte wetting and improve lithium plating phenomenon while reducing the amount of active material. In addition, the groove 122 on the electrode extends in line with the winding direction of the electrode. Since the expansion and contraction of the electrode mainly occur along its winding direction, the direction of the groove 122 on the electrode can guide the periodic mechanical stress generated during the expansion and contraction of the electrode to be released naturally along the winding direction, effectively reducing the mechanical stress of the electrode, reducing the risk of active material peeling and powder shedding, and improving the structural stability of the electrode.

[0039] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 2 to 4 The multiple scribed areas 121 also include a second scribed area 1212 and a third scribed area 1213, which are distributed sequentially along the width direction of the first electrode 100. Along the width direction of the first electrode 100, the scribing spacing of the first scribing area 1211 is L1, the scribing spacing of the second scribing area 1212 is L2, and the scribing spacing of the third scribing area 1213 is L3. L1, L2, and L3 satisfy: L2 > L1 and L1 < L3.

[0040] Specifically, among the multiple scribing regions 121 divided on the active material layer 120 of the first electrode 100, the second scribing region 1212, the first scribing region 1211, and the third scribing region 1213 are arranged sequentially along the width direction of the first electrode 100, such as from one side of the electrode to the other side, the second scribing region 1212 → the first scribing region 1211 → the third scribing region 1213, and adjacent scribing regions 121 are seamlessly connected (or spaced apart).

[0041] Let the scribe spacing of the first scribe area 1211, the second scribe area 1212, and the third scribe area 1213 be L1, L2, and L3, respectively, satisfying L2 > L1 < L3. Specific parameters need to be designed in conjunction with the current density distribution on the electrode surface, following the principle of positive correlation between current density and groove density 122. Except for the scribe spacing, other parameters of the grooves 122 in the three scribe areas 121 (such as groove length, groove width, and groove depth) can be the same, allowing density adjustment of the grooves 122 in each scribe area 121 solely through differences in "spacing," thereby simplifying the processing technology. Of course, other parameters can also be different, set according to actual needs.

[0042] The core principle of this embodiment lies in the gradient ion transport channel adapting to the current density gradient. Through the design of the line spacing difference of L2>L1<L3, the ion transport channel density on the electrode surface increases from one side to the middle region and from the other side to the middle region, accurately matching the distribution characteristics of the current density from low to high.

[0043] Furthermore, the number of marked areas 121 can be designed to be five, for example: In some embodiments, refer to Figures 2 to 4 The multiple scribing areas 121 also include a fourth scribing area 1214 and a fifth scribing area 1215, which are distributed sequentially along the width direction of the first electrode 100. The spacing between the lines in the fourth lined area 1214 is L4, and the spacing between the lines in the fifth lined area 1215 is L5. L2, L3, L4, and L5 satisfy the condition that L4 > L2 and L3 < L5.

[0044] Specifically, among the multiple scribing regions 121 divided on the active material layer 120 of the first electrode 100, the fourth scribing region 1214, the second scribing region 1212, the first scribing region 1211, the third scribing region 1213, and the fifth scribing region 1215 are distributed sequentially along the width direction of the first electrode 100. For example, from one side of the electrode to the other side, the order is: fourth scribing region 1214 → second scribing region 1212 → first scribing region 1211 → third scribing region 1213 → fifth scribing region 1215. Adjacent scribing regions are seamlessly connected (or spaced apart).

[0045] Let the spacing between the lines in the fourth scribing area 1214 and the fifth scribing area 1215 be L4 and L5, respectively. The spacing between the lines in the second scribing area 1212 and the third scribing area 1213 is L4 > L2 and L3 < L5. The specific parameters need to be designed in conjunction with the current density distribution on the electrode surface, following the principle that the current density is positively correlated with the density of the groove 122.

[0046] The core principle of this embodiment lies in the gradient ion transport channel adapting to the current density gradient. Through the design of the scribbling spacing difference of L4>L2>L1<L3<L5, the ion transport channel density on the electrode surface increases from one side to the middle region and from the other side to the middle region, accurately matching the distribution characteristics of the current density from low to high.

[0047] During the charging and discharging process of the electrochemical device, when the current is transmitted from the central region (corresponding to the first marked area 1211) in the width direction of the electrode to the two side edges (the fourth marked area 1214 and the fifth marked area 1215), the voltage drop caused by the resistance of the current collector 110 causes the current density to decrease in a stepwise manner, and the corresponding lithium-ion demand also shows a gradient distribution in the same trend. The first marked area 1211 needs to transmit lithium ions quickly to match the insertion / deintercalation reaction under high current. The second marked area 1212 and the third marked area 1213 serve as buffer areas to make a smooth transition, effectively preventing sudden current changes and causing related side reactions. The fourth marked area 1214 and the fifth marked area 1215 only require a small amount of lithium ions to meet the low current demand.

[0048] The specific ion transport mechanisms in each marked region 121 are as follows: The first scribed area 1211 has the smallest scribed spacing L1 and the highest density of grooves 122, forming a dense three-dimensional ion channel. During charging, lithium ions in the electrolyte can quickly penetrate into the active material layer 120 through the dense grooves 122, avoiding concentration polarization near the tabs due to insufficient ion supply. During discharging, lithium ions released from the active material can quickly enter the electrolyte through the dense grooves 122, reducing the residence time of lithium ions in the active material layer 120.

[0049] The spacing L2 of the scribe lines in the second scribe line area 1212 and the spacing L3 of the scribe lines in the third scribe line area 1213 are centered, and the density of the grooves 122 within the area is moderate. This avoids both insufficient channels in the fourth scribe line area 1214 and the fifth scribe line area 1215, and excessive channels in the first scribe line area 1211. This area serves as a buffer zone for ion transport, smoothly connecting the ion transport rates of the first scribe line area 1211 with those of the fourth scribe line area 1214 and the fifth scribe line area 1215, preventing ion congestion or vacancy caused by abrupt changes in the transport rates of adjacent areas.

[0050] The scribe spacing L4 in the fourth scribe area 1214 and the scribe spacing L5 in the fifth scribe area 1215 are the largest, and the density of grooves 122 in the area is the smallest. While meeting the requirements of low current density ion transport, the ineffective grooves of the active material layer 120 are minimized, and the excessive number of grooves 122 is avoided from damaging the structural integrity of the active material layer 120.

[0051] In some embodiments, L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5 satisfy the following conditions: 0.2mm≤L1≤1.5mm, 0.8mm≤L2≤2mm, 0.8mm≤L3≤2mm, 1.5mm≤L4≤2.5mm, and 1.5mm≤L5≤2.5mm.

[0052] For example, the scribbling spacing L1 of the first scribbling area 1211 can be 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm or 1.5mm, or fall within the range of any two of the above values.

[0053] For example, the scribbling spacing L2 of the second scribbling area 1212 can be 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm or 2.0mm, or fall within the range of any two of the above values.

[0054] For example, the scribing spacing L3 of the third scribing area 1213 can be 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm or 2.0mm, or fall within the range of any two of the above values.

[0055] For example, the scribbling spacing L4 of the fourth scribbling area 1214 can be 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2.0mm, 2.1mm, 2.2mm, 2.3mm, 2.4mm or 2.5mm, or within the range of any two of the above values.

[0056] For example, the scribbling spacing L5 of the fifth scribbling area 1215 can be 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2.0mm, 2.1mm, 2.2mm, 2.3mm, 2.4mm or 2.5mm, or within the range of any two of the above values.

[0057] As long as the basic condition L4 > L2 > L1 < L3 < L5 is met, the values ​​of L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5 can be selected within the ranges defined above.

[0058] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 2 to 4The groove width of the groove 122 in the first scribed area 1211 is W1, the groove width of the groove 122 in the second scribed area 1212 is W2, the groove width of the groove 122 in the third scribed area 1213 is W3, the groove width of the groove 122 in the fourth scribed area 1214 is W4, and the groove width of the groove 122 in the fifth scribed area 1215 is W5. W1, W2, W3, W4, and W5 satisfy: W4 < W2 < W1, and W1 > W3 > W5.

[0059] This embodiment represents a dimensional upgrade to the five-marked region design for the electrode. Based on the mark spacing design of L4 > L2 > L1 < L3 < L5, it incorporates slot width gradient control. Through the synergy of the slot width gradient and the mark spacing gradient, it adapts to the distribution characteristic of current density in the electrode width direction, which first increases and then decreases. Specifically, the slot width increases from the fourth to the first mark region 1211, while the slot width decreases from the first to the fifth mark region 1215.

[0060] Let the groove widths of the grooves 122 in the first scribed area 1211, the second scribed area 1212, the third scribed area 1213, the fourth scribed area 1214, and the fifth scribed area 1215 be W1, W2, W3, W4, and W5, respectively. The five values ​​satisfy W4 < W2 < W1 > W3 > W5. The specific parameters need to be designed in conjunction with the current density distribution on the electrode surface, following the principle that the current density is positively correlated with the groove width of the groove 122.

[0061] Since the groove width determines the ion transport cross-sectional area of ​​a single groove 122, and the scribe spacing determines the number density of grooves 122, the combination of the two forms the total ion channel capacity per unit area. The core principle of this embodiment also lies in the gradient ion transport channel adaptation to the current density gradient. Through a groove width difference design of W4 < W2 < W1, the groove width of the ion transport channel increases from one side to the middle region of the electrode surface, increasing the channel transport area and precisely matching the distribution characteristics of current density from low to high. Furthermore, through a groove width difference design of W1 > W3 > W5, the groove width of the ion transport channel increases from the other side to the middle region of the electrode surface, precisely matching the distribution characteristics of current density from low to high. The synergy between the groove width and the scribe spacing of the groove 122 forms a dual gradient optimization, and the total channel capacity per unit area changes synchronously with the current density, without any areas of excess or deficiency. This further achieves the matching and balance of ion transport channel supply and demand, contributing to improved performance of the electrochemical device.

[0062] In some embodiments, W1, W2, W3, W4, and W5 satisfy the following conditions: 75μm≤W1≤90μm, 70μm≤W2≤85μm, 70μm≤W3≤85μm, 60μm≤W4≤75μm, and 60μm≤W5≤75μm.

[0063] For example, the groove width W1 of the groove 122 in the first scribed area 1211 can be 75μm, 76μm, 77μm, 78μm, 79μm, 80μm, 81μm, 82μm, 83μm, 84μm, 85μm, 86μm, 87μm, 88μm, 89μm or 90μm, or within the range of any two of the above values.

[0064] For example, the groove width W2 of the groove 122 in the second scribed area 1212 can be 70μm, 71μm, 72μm, 73μm, 74μm, 75μm, 76μm, 77μm, 78μm, 79μm, 80μm, 81μm, 82μm, 83μm, 84μm or 85μm, or within the range of any two of the above values.

[0065] For example, the groove width W3 of the groove 122 in the third scribed area 1213 can be 70μm, 71μm, 72μm, 73μm, 74μm, 75μm, 76μm, 77μm, 78μm, 79μm, 80μm, 81μm, 82μm, 83μm, 84μm or 85μm, or within the range of any two of the above values.

[0066] For example, the groove width W4 of the groove 122 in the fourth scribed area 1214 can be 60μm, 61μm, 62μm, 63μm, 64μm, 65μm, 66μm, 67μm, 68μm, 69μm, 70μm, 71μm, 72μm, 73μm, 74μm or 75μm, or within the range of any two of the above values.

[0067] For example, the groove width W5 of the groove 122 in the fifth scribed area 1215 can be 60μm, 61μm, 62μm, 63μm, 64μm, 65μm, 66μm, 67μm, 68μm, 69μm, 70μm, 71μm, 72μm, 73μm, 74μm or 75μm, or within the range of any two of the above values.

[0068] As long as the basic condition W4 < W2 < W1 > W3 > W5 is met, the values ​​of W1, W2, W3, W4, and W5 can be selected from the ranges specified above.

[0069] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 2 to 4The groove depth of the groove 122 in the first scribed area 1211 is H1, the groove depth of the groove 122 in the second scribed area 1212 is H2, the groove depth of the groove 122 in the third scribed area 1213 is H3, the groove depth of the groove 122 in the fourth scribed area 1214 is H4, and the groove depth of the groove 122 in the fifth scribed area 1215 is H5. H1, H2, H3, H4, and H5 satisfy: H4 < H2 < H1, and H1 > H3 > H5.

[0070] This embodiment represents a dimensional upgrade to the five-marked region scheme for the electrode. Based on the mark spacing design of L4 > L2 > L1 < L3 < L5, it incorporates groove depth gradient control. Through the synergy of the groove depth gradient and the mark spacing gradient, it adapts to the distribution characteristic of the current density in the electrode width direction, which first increases and then decreases. Specifically, the groove depth increases from the fourth to the first mark region 1211, while the groove depth decreases from the first to the fifth mark region 1215.

[0071] Let the groove depths of the groove 122 in the first scribed area 1211, the second scribed area 1212, the third scribed area 1213, the fourth scribed area 1214, and the fifth scribed area 1215 be H1, H2, H3, H4, and H5, respectively. The five parameters satisfy H4 < H2 < H1 > H3 > H5. The specific parameters need to be designed in conjunction with the current density distribution on the electrode surface, following the principle that the current density is positively correlated with the groove depth of the groove 122.

[0072] Since the groove depth determines the ion transport capacity of a single groove 122, and the scribe spacing determines the number density of grooves 122, the combination of the two forms the total ion channel capacity per unit area. The core principle of this embodiment also lies in the gradient ion transport channel adaptation to the current density gradient. Through a groove depth difference design of H4 < H2 < H1, the groove depth of the ion transport channel increases from one side to the middle region of the electrode surface, improving the channel transport capacity and precisely matching the distribution characteristics of current density from low to high. Similarly, through a groove depth difference design of H1 > H3 > H5, the groove depth of the ion transport channel increases from the other side to the middle region of the electrode surface, precisely matching the distribution characteristics of current density from low to high. The synergy between the groove depth and the scribe spacing of the groove 122 forms a dual gradient optimization, and the total channel capacity per unit area changes synchronously with the current density, without any areas of excess or deficiency. This further achieves the matching and balance of ion transport channel supply and demand, contributing to improved performance of the electrochemical device.

[0073] In some embodiments, H1, H2, H3, H4, and H5 satisfy the following conditions: 14μm≤H1≤20μm, 12μm≤H2≤16μm, 12μm≤H3≤16μm, 10μm≤H4≤14μm, and 10μm≤H5≤14μm.

[0074] For example, the groove depth H1 of the groove 122 in the first scribed area 1211 can be 14μm, 15μm, 16μm, 17μm, 18μm, 19μm or 20μm, or within the range of any two of the above values.

[0075] For example, the groove depth H2 of the groove 122 in the second scribed area 1212 can be 12μm, 13μm, 14μm, 15μm or 16μm, or within the range of any two of the above values.

[0076] For example, the groove depth H3 of the groove 122 in the third scribed area 1213 can be 12μm, 13μm, 14μm, 15μm or 16μm, or within the range of any two of the above values.

[0077] For example, the groove depth H4 of the groove 122 in the fourth scribed area 1214 can be 10μm, 11μm, 12μm, 13μm or 14μm, or within the range of any two of the above values.

[0078] For example, the groove depth H5 of the groove 122 in the fifth scribed area 1215 can be 10μm, 11μm, 12μm, 13μm or 14μm, or within the range of any two of the above values.

[0079] As long as the basic condition H4 < H2 < H1 > H3 > H5 is met, you can choose the values ​​of H1, H2, H3, H4, and H5 within the ranges specified above.

[0080] In some embodiments, in the width direction of the first electrode 100, the distance between one edge of the active material layer 120 and the nearest groove 122 is A1, and the distance between the other edge of the active material layer 120 and the nearest groove 122 is A2, where A1 and A2 satisfy: 0mm < A1 ≤ 4mm, 0mm < A2 ≤ 4mm; and / or, In the width direction of the first electrode 100, the width of the second scribed area 1212 is A3, and A3 satisfies: A3≥5L1; and / or, In the width direction of the first electrode 100, the width of the third scribed area 1213 is A4, and A4 satisfies: A4≥5L1.

[0081] Along the width direction of the first electrode 100 (parallel to the distribution direction of the scribing area 121, i.e. the arrangement direction of the grooves 122), the active material layer 120 has two side edges. The edge closer to the width direction of the electrode is defined as the first side edge of the active material layer 120, and the other side edge is defined as the second side edge of the active material layer 120.

[0082] A1 is the straight-line distance between the first side edge of the active material layer 120 and the nearest groove 122; A2 is the straight-line distance between the second side edge of the active material layer 120 and the nearest groove 122.

[0083] Optionally, A1 and A2 must satisfy 0 < A1 ≤ 4 mm and 0 < A2 ≤ 4 mm. For example, A1 and A2 can be 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, or 4 mm, or fall within the range of any two of the above values. That is, a distance A1 is maintained between the top edge of the active material layer 120 and the groove 122, and a distance A2 is maintained between the bottom edge of the active material layer 120 and the groove 122. The interval area is left blank without grooves, and only the complete active material layer 120 is retained.

[0084] Along the width direction of the first electrode 100, the second scribing area 1212 serves as a transition area between the middle region of the electrode and the edge region on one side (such as the top side). Its total extension distance along the width direction is A3, and L1 is the scribing spacing of the first scribing area 1211 (previously set to 0.2mm≤L1≤1.5mm, such as 1mm, 1.5mm).

[0085] Optionally, A3 satisfies A3≥5L1, meaning the width of the second scribing area 1212 is at least 5 times the spacing of the high-density scribing lines in the central area. For example, when L1 is 1mm, A3≥5mm, preferably 5mm~15mm (e.g., 8mm, 10mm); when L1=1.5mm, A3≥7.5mm, preferably 7.5mm~17.5mm (e.g., 12mm, 15mm). This design strongly correlates the width of the second scribing area 1212 with the scribing spacing of the first scribing area 1211 through a multiple relationship, ensuring that the second scribing area 1212 has sufficient width to achieve a smooth transition of the current transmission rate from the first scribing area 1211 to the fourth scribing area 1214.

[0086] Along the width direction of the first electrode 100, the third scribing area 1213 serves as a transition area between the middle region of the electrode and the edge region on the other side (such as the bottom side). Its total extension distance along the width direction is A4, and L1 is the scribing spacing of the first scribing area 1211 (previously set to 0.2mm≤L1≤1.5mm, such as 1mm, 1.5mm).

[0087] Optionally, A4 satisfies A4≥5L1, that is, the width of the third scribed region 1213 is at least 5 times the high-density scribing pitch of the central region. For example, when L1 is 1 mm, A4≥5 mm, preferably with a value of 5 mm to 15 mm (such as 8 mm, 10 mm); when L1=1.5 mm, A4≥7.5 mm, preferably with a value of 7.5 mm to 17.5 mm (such as 12 mm, 15 mm). This design strongly correlates the width of the third scribed region 1213 with the scribing pitch of the first scribed region 1211 in a multiple relationship, ensuring that the third scribed region 1213 has a sufficient width, so as to achieve a smooth transition of the current transmission rate from the first scribed region 1211 to the fifth scribed region 1215.

[0088] In some embodiments, the ratio of the groove depth to the groove width of the wire groove 122 is B, and B satisfies: 1≤B≤10.

[0089] The groove depth h of the wire groove 122 refers to the depth along the thickness direction of the first pole piece 100 (perpendicular to the surface of the active material layer 120) (i.e., H1, H2, H3, H4, H5 defined previously); the groove width w of the wire groove 122 refers to the width along the width direction of the first pole piece 100 (parallel to the surface of the active material layer 120) (i.e., W1, W2, W3, W4, W5 defined previously); B=h / w, that is, the ratio of the groove depth to the groove width.

[0090] Wherein, B needs to satisfy 1≤B≤10. Exemplarily, B may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, or fall within the range formed by any two of the above values.

[0091] It should be noted that if B<1 (h<w), the groove depth is smaller than the groove width, the wire groove 122 is in a flat shape, the vertical channel per unit width is too short to meet the ion diffusion and transmission requirements, which easily causes concentration polarization; meanwhile, the flat groove has weak expansion resistance, and the groove wall is prone to collapse and blockage during the expansion and contraction process.

[0092] If D>10 (h>w), the groove depth is far greater than the groove width, and the wire groove 122 is in a slender shape. Although the vertical channel is long enough, the mechanical strength of the active material layer 120 drops sharply due to the deep groove, which is prone to cracking during winding; moreover, the slender groove is difficult to be infiltrated by the electrolyte.

[0093] Under the condition of 1≤D≤10, the wire groove 122 is in a regular rectangular shape, which ensures that the vertical channel per unit width meets the ion transmission requirement and retains sufficient active material, balancing the transmission and structural requirements.

[0094] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5The groove 122 is formed by multiple continuously arranged and interconnected micropores 1221. The projection of the micropores 1221 onto the thickness direction of the active material layer 120 is circular, elliptical, fan-shaped, or polygonal. To further improve the ion transport efficiency and structural anti-expansion toughness of the groove 122, the groove 122 is formed by multiple continuously arranged and interconnected micropores 1221. The micropores 1221 are arranged sequentially along the length direction of the groove 122, with adjacent micropores partially overlapping or directly connected to form continuous microchannels. Traditional grooves 122 are only single macrochannels, and ion transport relies on diffusion from the inner wall of the groove 122 to the active material layer 120. However, the micropores 1221 form a secondary channel. The macroscopic groove 122 guides the long-distance transport of ions, while the microscopic micropores 1221 further shorten the diffusion path and improve the ion diffusion efficiency. The projection of the micropores 1221 onto the thickness of the active material layer 120 is circular, elliptical, fan-shaped, or polygonal. The polygon can be triangular, rectangular, hexagonal, etc., and this embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0095] In some embodiments, the pore size of the micropore 1221 is D, where D satisfies: 5μm ≤ D ≤ 20μm. Exemplarily, the pore size D of the micropore 1221 can be 5μm, 6μm, 7μm, 8μm, 9μm, 10μm, 11μm, 12μm, 13μm, 14μm, 15μm, 16μm, 17μm, 18μm, 19μm, or 20μm, or fall within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

[0096] This utility model embodiment also proposes an electronic device, which includes the electrochemical device described in the foregoing embodiments. The specific structure of the electrochemical device is as described in the above embodiments. Since this electronic device adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the technical effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0097] The electronic device described in this application is not particularly limited and can be any electronic device known in the prior art. The electrochemical device described in this application is also not particularly limited in its use and can be used in any electronic device known in the prior art. According to some embodiments of this application, the electronic devices include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, smartphones, laptops, tablets, wearable devices, smartwatches, smart bracelets, smart glasses, power banks, televisions, game consoles, game controllers, digital cameras, smart speakers, headphones, keyboards, mice, monitors, drones, audio equipment, home appliances, toys, power tools, automobiles, motorcycles, electric bicycles, bicycles, robots, and robotic dogs.

[0098] The above description is only a part or preferred embodiment of this utility model. Neither the text nor the drawings should limit the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made using the content of this utility model specification and drawings under the overall concept of this utility model, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. An electrochemical device, characterized in that, The device includes an electrode assembly comprising a first electrode, a diaphragm, and a second electrode arranged in a stacked and wound manner, wherein the polarity of the second electrode is opposite to that of the first electrode. The first electrode includes a current collector and an active material layer disposed on the current collector. The active material layer is divided into multiple scribing areas along the width direction of the first electrode. The scribing areas are provided with multiple grooves. The multiple grooves are distributed at intervals along the width direction of the first electrode, and each groove extends along the length direction of the first electrode. The active material layer has a groove for exposing a portion of the surface of the current collector to connect to the tab. Along the width direction of the first electrode, the groove extends from one side edge of the first electrode toward the central region of the first electrode. The plurality of scribing areas include a first scribing area. Along the width direction of the first electrode, the first scribing area overlaps with the central region of the first electrode, and the scribing spacing of the first scribing area is smaller than the scribing spacing of at least a portion of the other scribing areas.

2. The electrochemical device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of scribing areas also include a second scribing area and a third scribing area, wherein the second scribing area, the first scribing area and the third scribing area are distributed sequentially along the width direction of the first electrode sheet; Along the width direction of the first electrode, the scribing spacing of the first scribing area is L1, the scribing spacing of the second scribing area is L2, and the scribing spacing of the third scribing area is L3. L1, L2, and L3 satisfy: L2 > L1 and L1 < L3.

3. The electrochemical device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plurality of scribing areas also includes a fourth scribing area and a fifth scribing area, wherein the fourth scribing area, the second scribing area, the first scribing area, the third scribing area and the fifth scribing area are distributed sequentially along the width direction of the first electrode sheet; The spacing between the lines in the fourth scribing area is L4, and the spacing between the lines in the fifth scribing area is L5. L2, L3, L4, and L5 satisfy the following condition: L4 > L2, and L3 < L5.

4. The electrochemical device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5 satisfy the following conditions: 0.2mm≤L1≤1.5mm, 0.8mm≤L2≤2mm, 0.8mm≤L3≤2mm, 1.5mm≤L4≤2.5mm, and 1.5mm≤L5≤2.5mm.

5. The electrochemical device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The groove width in the first scribed area is W1, the groove width in the second scribed area is W2, the groove width in the third scribed area is W3, the groove width in the fourth scribed area is W4, and the groove width in the fifth scribed area is W5. W1, W2, W3, W4, and W5 satisfy the following conditions: W4 < W2 < W1, and W1 > W3 > W5.

6. The electrochemical device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The following conditions must be met for W1, W2, W3, W4, and W5: 75μm≤W1≤90μm, 70μm≤W2≤85μm, 70μm≤W3≤85μm, 60μm≤W4≤75μm, and 60μm≤W5≤75μm.

7. The electrochemical device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The groove depth in the first marking area is H1, the groove depth in the second marking area is H2, the groove depth in the third marking area is H3, the groove depth in the fourth marking area is H4, and the groove depth in the fifth marking area is H5. H1, H2, H3, H4, and H5 satisfy the following conditions: H4 < H2 < H1, and H1 > H3 > H5.

8. The electrochemical device according to claim 7, characterized in that, H1, H2, H3, H4, and H5 satisfy the following conditions: 14μm≤H1≤20μm, 12μm≤H2≤16μm, 12μm≤H3≤16μm, 10μm≤H4≤14μm, and 10μm≤H5≤14μm.

9. The electrochemical device according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the width direction of the first electrode, the distance between one edge of the active material layer and the nearest groove thereto is A1, and the distance between the other edge of the active material layer and the nearest groove thereto is A2, wherein A1 and A2 satisfy: 0mm < A1 ≤ 4mm, 0mm < A2 ≤ 4mm; and / or, In the width direction of the first electrode, the width of the second scribed area is A3, wherein A3 satisfies: A3 ≥ 5L1; and / or, In the width direction of the first electrode, the width of the third scribed area is A4, and A4 satisfies: A4≥5L1.

10. The electrochemical device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The groove is formed by a plurality of continuously arranged and interconnected micropores, and the projection of the micropores in the thickness direction of the active material layer is circular, elliptical, fan-shaped or polygonal.

11. The electrochemical device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The pore size of the micropore is D, and D satisfies: 5μm≤D≤20μm.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the electrochemical device as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

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