Energy storage device, energy storage system and charging network

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of energy storage device, energy storage system and charging network.The energy storage device includes: box body, with multiple box walls, multiple box walls enclose containing space, multiple box walls include first box wall;At least one battery cell is located in the containing space, and the battery cell includes battery monomer assembly and phase change heat conduction device, the battery monomer assembly includes multiple battery monomers arranged, and the battery monomer includes shell;Phase change heat conduction device includes heat absorption section and heat release section, and phase change material is built-in in phase change heat conduction device, heat absorption section is connected with heat release section and internally communicates for phase change material flow, heat absorption section is contacted with shell and heat release section is contacted with first box wall.Therefore, even if not setting up cooling unit, the heat management of energy storage device can be realized, the operation and maintenance cost brought by cooling unit can be saved, the space for arranging cooling unit related components in energy storage device can be saved to improve the volumetric energy density of energy storage device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to an energy storage device, energy storage system and charging network. Background Technology

[0002] With the promotion and popularization of the concept of green development, new energy batteries are being used more and more widely in life and industry. For example, new energy vehicles equipped with batteries have been widely used. In addition, battery devices are being used more and more in the field of energy storage.

[0003] Energy storage systems typically comprise multiple energy storage devices, including individual battery cells and a thermal management system for managing the thermal state of these cells. In related technologies, the thermal management system includes water-cooled units, liquid-cooled components, and battery heat exchangers. The thermal management system itself consumes energy and incurs operation and maintenance costs. Reducing the thermal management costs of energy storage devices is one of the key research topics. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage device, an energy storage system, and a charging network to reduce the thermal management costs of the energy storage device.

[0005] The embodiments of this application are implemented through the following technical solutions.

[0006] A first aspect of this application provides an energy storage device, comprising: a housing having multiple housing walls forming a receiving space, the multiple housing walls including a first housing wall; at least one battery cell located in the receiving space, the battery cell including a battery cell assembly and a phase change heat conduction device, the battery cell assembly including multiple battery cells arranged in an array, the battery cell including a shell; the phase change heat conduction device including a heat absorption section and a heat release section and having a phase change material built into it, the heat absorption section being connected to the heat release section and having internal communication for the phase change material to flow, the heat absorption section contacting the shell and the heat release section contacting the first housing wall.

[0007] Because the heat-exothermic section is in contact with the first housing wall and the heat-absorbing section is in contact with the outer casing, the phase change material in the heat-absorbing section of the phase change heat conduction device can absorb the heat generated by the battery cells. The phase change material undergoes a phase change and flows to the heat-exothermic section, transferring the heat to the first housing wall. The heat is then dissipated outside the energy storage device through the first housing wall, achieving heat dissipation (thermal management). This heat dissipation method does not require energy consumption like water-cooled units, thus reducing energy costs associated with thermal management. Furthermore, thermal management of the battery cells in the energy storage device can be achieved even without a cooling unit, saving space for cooling unit components and improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. Additionally, since the phase change heat conduction device utilizes the phase change of the phase change material for heat conduction (heat transfer) without the need for moving mechanical parts, it is less prone to wear and mechanical failures, resulting in low maintenance costs. Moreover, because the temperature of the battery cells is higher than the ambient temperature, the risk of condensation in the energy storage device's housing is reduced.

[0008] In some embodiments, in the same battery cell, the heat-absorbing section extends along the arrangement direction of the battery cells in the battery cell assembly and is in surface contact with the casing of each battery cell, while the heat-releasing section extends along a direction intersecting the arrangement direction and is at least partially higher than the heat-absorbing section along the direction of gravity.

[0009] Since the heat-absorbing section is in surface contact with the outer shell of each battery cell, the phase change material located in the heat-absorbing section can effectively absorb the heat from each battery cell. Since the heat-releasing section extends along a direction intersecting the arrangement direction and is at least partially higher than the heat-absorbing section along the direction of gravity, the phase change material located in the heat-absorbing section that has absorbed heat undergoes a phase change to become a gas or a gas-liquid mixture with gas as the main component. It then flows to the heat-releasing section, effectively transferring the heat in the phase change material to the first housing wall, thereby achieving heat dissipation. After releasing heat, the phase change material undergoes another phase change to become a liquid or a gas-liquid mixture with liquid as the main component, and flows back to the heat-absorbing section under the action of gravity, thereby achieving circulation.

[0010] In some embodiments, the upper surface of the heat-absorbing section carries the battery cell assembly along the direction of gravity.

[0011] Therefore, on the one hand, the battery cell can be cooled from below, and on the other hand, the heat-releasing section, which intersects with the heat-absorbing section and is higher than the heat-releasing section in the direction of gravity, can be arranged on the side of the battery cell. Since the heat-releasing section occupies the space that already exists between the battery cell and the first housing wall, it will not lead to a reduction in the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device.

[0012] In some embodiments, the outer shell is bonded to the heat-absorbing section by thermally conductive adhesive; the heat-releasing section is bonded to the first housing wall by thermally conductive adhesive.

[0013] Since the outer casing is bonded to the heat-absorbing section with thermally conductive adhesive, the heat from the battery cells can be efficiently transferred to the heat-absorbing section. Since the heat-releasing section is bonded to the first housing wall with thermally conductive adhesive, the heat from the phase change heat conduction device can be efficiently transferred to the first housing wall, thereby enabling the energy storage device to dissipate heat effectively.

[0014] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes electrode terminals and a pressure relief mechanism, which are disposed in the housing, and the phase change heat conduction device is in surface contact with a portion of the housing that avoids the electrode terminals and the pressure relief mechanism.

[0015] Because the phase change heat transfer device is in surface contact with the housing at a location that avoids the electrode terminals and pressure relief mechanism, the phase change heat transfer device can avoid these components, allowing them to function properly. Furthermore, the phase change heat transfer device only needs to be in contact with the housing surface at a location that avoids the electrode terminals and pressure relief mechanism; therefore, the phase change heat transfer device can be flexibly arranged according to the structure of the battery cell.

[0016] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes a heat-conducting element; in the same battery cell, the heat-conducting element contacts the outer casing surface of each battery cell in the battery cell assembly.

[0017] Since the heat-conducting component is in contact with the outer shell of each battery cell in the battery cell assembly, the heat of each battery cell in the battery cell assembly can be more evenly distributed, thus improving the consistency of the charging and discharging performance of each battery cell.

[0018] In some embodiments, the heat-conducting component includes a first heat-conducting segment, a second heat-conducting segment, and a third heat-conducting segment. In the same battery cell, the first heat-conducting segment extends along the arrangement direction of the battery cells in the battery cell assembly and contacts the outer shell surface of each battery cell. The first heat-conducting segment is provided on both sides of the battery cell assembly along a first direction, and the first direction intersects the arrangement direction of the battery cells. The second heat-conducting segment extends along the first direction and is connected to the first heat-conducting segment at both ends along the first direction. The third heat-conducting segment is arranged opposite to the second heat-conducting segment along the arrangement direction of the battery cells. The third heat-conducting segment extends along the first direction and is connected to the first heat-conducting segment at both ends along the first direction. Both the second heat-conducting segment and the third heat-conducting segment are in contact with the outer shell surface of the battery cells.

[0019] Therefore, the heat-conducting components can be arranged around the battery cells, and the first, second, and third heat-conducting sections are all in contact with the outer shell surface of the battery cells. This makes the heat distribution of each battery cell in the battery cell assembly more uniform, further improving the consistency of the charging and discharging performance of each battery cell.

[0020] In some embodiments, in the same battery cell, the battery cells are arranged with their large surfaces facing each other, and the large surface is the housing surface with the largest area in the outer casing; the battery cell also includes at least two end plates and at least one restraining member. Along the arrangement direction of the battery cells in the same battery cell, the battery cell assembly has end plates on both sides. The restraining member and the heat-conducting member are arranged around the battery cell assembly and the end plates. The surrounding direction of the restraining member is the same as the surrounding direction of the heat-conducting member, and the heat-conducting member and the restraining member are staggered.

[0021] Because the battery cell assembly has end plates on both sides, and the restraints are arranged around the battery cell assembly and end plates, the end plates and restraints can fix the relative positions of multiple battery cells and keep them in close contact with each other, which is beneficial for assembling them as a whole into the energy storage device's housing. Since the restraints are arranged in the same direction as the heat-conducting components, and the heat-conducting components are staggered from the restraints, the arrangement of the restraints and heat-conducting components is convenient, reducing the probability of interference between them and also reducing the risk of the heat-conducting components being broken due to the expansion force of the battery cells.

[0022] In some embodiments, the restraint is configured as a strip, and there are multiple restraints in the same battery cell. The multiple restraints are spaced apart, and the heat-conducting element is arranged between adjacent restraints.

[0023] By setting two or more restraints, the restraint force on the battery cell assembly can be increased, reducing the significant change in the assembly size of the battery cell caused by the expansion of the battery cell. By arranging the heat-conducting component between adjacent restraints, contact heat transfer can be achieved while more effectively reducing the risk of the heat-conducting component being pulled apart by the expansion force of the battery cell.

[0024] In some embodiments, the thermal conductive element includes a fourth thermal conductive section located between the battery cell assembly and the heat-absorbing section and in surface contact with the heat-absorbing section and the outer casing of each battery cell in the battery cell assembly.

[0025] Since the fourth heat conduction section is located between the battery cell assembly and the heat absorption section and is in surface contact with the outer shell of each battery cell in the battery cell assembly, the fourth heat conduction section can uniformly and efficiently transfer the heat of the battery cell assembly to the heat absorption section, so that the phase change material in the heat absorption section can more uniformly and quickly absorb the heat of the battery cell assembly to undergo phase change.

[0026] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes electrode terminals and a pressure relief mechanism, which are disposed in the housing, and the heat-conducting element and a portion of the housing that avoids the electrode terminals and the pressure relief mechanism are in surface contact with each other.

[0027] Because the heat-conducting component is in surface contact with the housing at a location that avoids the electrode terminals and pressure relief mechanism, the heat-conducting component can avoid these components, allowing them to function properly. Furthermore, the heat-conducting component only needs to contact the housing surface at a location that avoids the electrode terminals and pressure relief mechanism; therefore, the heat-conducting component can be flexibly arranged according to the structure of the battery cell.

[0028] In some embodiments, the thermally conductive element is a sheet-like component that is bonded to the housing by thermally conductive adhesive.

[0029] Because the heat-conducting component is sheet-shaped, its overall size is small, reducing its negative impact on the volumetric energy density and gravimetric energy density of the energy storage device. Furthermore, the strip-shaped binding component and sheet-shaped heat-conducting component help to suppress the outer contour dimensions of the battery cell.

[0030] In some embodiments, the in-plane thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting element is in the range of 1000 W / (m·K) to 5300 W / (m·K).

[0031] Because the heat-conducting component has good in-plane thermal conductivity, it can conduct heat more effectively, making the heat of each battery cell more uniform and further improving the consistency of the charging and discharging performance of each battery cell.

[0032] In some embodiments, the thermal conductive material includes any one of graphene, carbon nanotubes, diamond, and boron nitride.

[0033] Because graphene, carbon nanotubes, diamond, or boron nitride have good thermal conductivity, they can effectively conduct the heat from the battery cells to the first housing wall and / or semiconductor cooling components, thereby effectively achieving heat dissipation of the energy storage device.

[0034] In some embodiments, the plurality of housing walls include a top wall and a bottom wall disposed opposite each other along the height direction of the energy storage device, and a plurality of side walls located between the top wall and the bottom wall. The plurality of side walls include a first housing wall. The number of battery cells is plurality of, and the first housing wall is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the battery cells in the same battery cell.

[0035] Therefore, when the energy storage device has multiple battery cells, the phase change heat conduction devices of multiple battery cells can all contact the first housing wall without interfering with each other, thereby achieving heat dissipation for multiple battery cells. Moreover, utilizing the side wall of the housing wall to contact the phase change heat conduction device for heat dissipation facilitates the placement and arrangement of battery cells within the housing.

[0036] In some embodiments, the multiple side walls also include a second housing wall. Along the arrangement direction of the battery cells in the same battery cell, the first housing wall and the second housing wall are disposed opposite to each other, and the second housing wall has a door opening and is connected to a door.

[0037] Since the second housing wall has a door opening and is connected to a door, the components inside the housing can be assembled, disassembled, or repaired through the door opening. Moreover, the phase change heat conduction device is in contact with the first housing wall, which does not have a door opening, thus reducing the impact of the opening and closing of the door on the phase change heat conduction device.

[0038] In some embodiments, the number of battery cells is multiple, and the multiple battery cells are arranged along a first direction to form a battery cell array. The energy storage device includes one or more battery clusters, each battery cluster includes multiple battery cell arrays, and each battery cell array is stacked along a second direction. The first direction, the second direction, and the arrangement direction of the battery cells in the same battery cell intersect each other, and the second direction is consistent with the height direction of the energy storage device.

[0039] Therefore, the energy storage device can include multiple battery clusters, and the battery cells in the battery clusters can be arranged in multiple layers, with multiple battery cells arranged in each layer. This is beneficial to improving the energy density of the energy storage device. Moreover, the phase change heat conduction device in each battery cell is in contact with the first housing wall, so the heat released by each battery cell can be quickly transferred to the housing wall and dissipated, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the energy storage device.

[0040] In some embodiments, in the same battery cell array, the phase change heat conduction devices of multiple battery cells are connected to each other.

[0041] Therefore, one or more large phase change heat conduction devices can be arranged for the same battery cell array, and some or all of the battery cells in the same battery cell array can share a single phase change heat conduction device, thereby reducing the number of components. In some cases, the shared phase change heat conduction device can also be used as a support structure for the battery cell array. For example, in the case of stacking multiple battery cell arrays in layers, the phase change heat conduction device can be used as a layer spacer to provide support. A second aspect of the embodiments of this application provides an energy storage system, which includes the energy storage device and power conversion device described in the first aspect, wherein the power conversion device is used to electrically connect the power generation device and the energy storage device.

[0042] This helps reduce the energy consumption cost and operation and maintenance cost of energy storage systems.

[0043] A third aspect of this application provides a charging network, which includes a charging pile and an energy storage device described in the first aspect or an energy storage system described in the second aspect, wherein the energy storage device is used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile.

[0044] This helps reduce the energy consumption and operation and maintenance costs of the charging network, and in turn, reduces the cost of using charging stations. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1This application provides schematic diagrams of the structure of an energy storage system according to some embodiments.

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging network provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device that does not show the first housing wall and the phase change heat conduction device, provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the energy storage device from another angle, without showing one sidewall, provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell array provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the AA cross-section;

[0052] Figure 8 for Figure 6 BB cross-sectional diagram;

[0053] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided in some other embodiments of this application;

[0054] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided in some other embodiments of this application.

[0055] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0056] 1000, Energy storage system; 100, Energy storage device; 200, Power conversion device; 2000, Charging network; 2100, Charging pile; 3000, Power generation device; 101, Container; 1011, First container wall; 1012, Second container wall; 1013, Top wall; 1014, Bottom wall; 1015, Door; 1016, Energy compartment; 1017, Electrical compartment; 1018, Storage space; 102, Battery cluster; 103, Fire protection power distribution module; 104, Battery management module; 106, Partition; 10A, Battery cell array; 10, Electric 11. Battery cell unit; 12. Heat-conducting component; 12a. First heat-conducting section; 12b. Second heat-conducting section; 12c. Third heat-conducting section; 12e. Fourth heat-conducting section; 13. End plate; 14. Binding component; 15. Phase change heat conduction device; 15a. Heat absorption section; 15b. Heat release section; 110. Battery cell; 111. Electrode terminal; 112. Housing; 1121. First housing wall; 1123. Third housing wall; 113. Tab; 114. Electrode assembly; 115. Pressure relief mechanism; X, First direction; Y, Second direction; Z, Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0058] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit this application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification and the foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0059] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," etc., are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0060] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and optional embodiments of this application may be combined with each other to form new technical solutions. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand, explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, all technical features and optional technical features of this application may be combined with each other to form new technical solutions.

[0061] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0062] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, operated or used in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0063] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0064] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the technical term "contact" should be interpreted broadly, and can be direct contact, contact through an intermediate medium layer, contact between two contacting parties with substantially no interaction force, or contact between two contacting parties with interaction force.

[0065] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the technical term "projection" refers to an orthographic projection in which parallel projection lines are perpendicular to the projection plane.

[0066] The following is a detailed description of this application.

[0067] With the promotion and popularization of the concept of green development, new energy batteries are being used more and more widely in life and industry. For example, new energy vehicles equipped with batteries have been widely used. In addition, battery devices are being used more and more in the field of energy storage.

[0068] Energy storage systems typically comprise multiple energy storage devices, each consisting of individual battery cells and a thermal management system for thermal management of these cells. In related technologies, the thermal management system includes water-cooled units, liquid-cooled components, and battery heat exchangers. The thermal management system itself consumes energy and incurs operation and maintenance costs. Research has shown that passive cooling can be used to dissipate heat from energy storage devices. Furthermore, a phase change thermal conductivity (PCT) device can be used to connect the individual battery cells to the casing wall of the energy storage device. Through the phase change and flow of the PCT material, heat from the battery cells is transferred to the casing wall, thereby dissipating heat and achieving passive cooling of the energy storage device, thus reducing its cost.

[0069] Based on this design concept, this application provides an energy storage device, which includes: a housing having multiple housing walls that enclose a receiving space, the multiple housing walls including a first housing wall; at least one battery cell located in the receiving space, the battery cell including a battery cell assembly and a phase change heat conduction device, the battery cell assembly including multiple battery cells arranged in an array, the battery cell including a shell; the phase change heat conduction device including a heat absorption section and a heat release section and having a phase change material built into it, the heat absorption section being connected to the heat release section and having internal communication for the flow of the phase change material, the heat absorption section contacting the shell and the heat release section contacting the first housing wall.

[0070] Because the heat-exhausting section is in contact with the first housing wall and the heat-absorbing section is in contact with the outer casing, the phase change material in the heat-absorbing section of the phase change heat conduction device can absorb the heat generated by the battery cells. The phase change material undergoes a phase change and flows to the heat-exhausting section, transferring the heat to the first housing wall. The heat is then dissipated to the outside of the energy storage device through the first housing wall, achieving heat dissipation (thermal management). This heat dissipation method does not require energy consumption like water-cooled units, thus reducing energy costs associated with thermal management. Furthermore, thermal management of the battery cells in the energy storage device can be achieved even without a cooling unit, saving space for cooling unit components and improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. Additionally, since the phase change heat conduction device utilizes the phase change of the phase change material for heat conduction (heat transfer) without the need for moving mechanical parts, it is less prone to wear and mechanical failures, resulting in low maintenance costs. Moreover, because the temperature of the battery cells is higher than the ambient temperature, the risk of condensation in the energy storage device's housing is reduced.

[0071] The energy storage devices provided in this application embodiment may include energy storage containers, energy storage cabinets, etc. This application embodiment also provides an energy storage system, which includes a power conversion device and an energy storage device, wherein the power conversion device is used to electrically connect the power generation device and the energy storage device.

[0072] This application also provides a charging network, which includes charging piles and energy storage devices or energy storage systems, wherein the energy storage devices are used to provide electrical energy to the charging piles.

[0073] The following description uses an energy storage container as an example of the energy storage device in this application.

[0074] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application provides an energy storage system 1000. The energy storage system 1000 includes an energy storage device 100 and a power conversion device 200. The power conversion device 200 can be electrically connected to a power generation device 3000 to convert the electrical power provided by the power generation device 3000. The energy storage device 100 is electrically connected to the power conversion device 200, and the power conversion device 200 converts the electrical energy provided by the power generation device 3000 and then stores it in the energy storage device 100.

[0075] A power conversion device 200 is used to connect between the power generation device 3000 and the energy storage device 100. The power generation device 3000 generates electrical energy and stores the generated electrical energy in the energy storage device 100 via the power conversion device 200. Specifically, the power generation device 3000 can be a solar panel, a hydroelectric power generation device, a thermal power generation device, etc. This document does not limit the specific type of the power generation device 3000.

[0076] like Figure 2As shown in the figure, this application embodiment also provides a charging network 2000. The charging network 2000 includes an energy storage device 100 and two charging piles 2100, with the energy storage device 100 providing power to the two charging piles 2100. It can be understood that in a charging network 2000, there can be one charging pile 2100, with the energy storage device 100 providing power to that charging pile 2100; or there can be multiple charging piles 2100, with the energy storage device 100 providing power to multiple charging piles 2100.

[0077] The energy storage device 100 may include multiple battery devices that are electrically connected to the charging pile 2100 so that the battery devices can provide power to the charging pile 2100.

[0078] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the energy storage device 100 may include a housing 101, and a battery cluster 102 is disposed inside the housing 101. Multiple energy storage devices 100 can be stacked, which can be stacked along the direction of gravity or stacked along a horizontal plane.

[0079] As an example, the energy storage device 100 can be an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, etc.

[0080] As an example, energy storage device 100 can be used in energy storage power stations, wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, or temporary power supply systems. Energy storage power stations can store electrical energy during off-peak hours and provide power to relevant users or electrical equipment during peak hours. Wind power generation systems collect wind energy from wind turbines, convert it into electrical energy, and store it in energy storage device 100. Solar power generation systems can convert solar energy into electrical energy, store it in energy storage device 100, and supply it to users as needed. Mobile power systems can supply power to relevant electrical equipment in areas where the mains power supply cannot reach, such as remote mountainous areas and remote wilderness areas. Temporary power supply systems can provide power to users when there is insufficient power supply.

[0081] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 100 includes an energy chamber 1016 and an electrical chamber 1017. One or more battery clusters 102 may be arranged in the energy chamber 1016. Each battery cluster 102 may include multiple battery cell arrays 10A, each containing multiple battery cells 10. These battery cells 10 may be connected in series or in parallel to increase the voltage or capacity of the energy storage device 100. When the energy storage device 100 includes multiple battery clusters 102, the multiple battery clusters 102 are connected in series or in parallel to increase the voltage or capacity of the energy storage device 100.

[0082] In some embodiments, the battery cell array 10A may be a battery device.

[0083] In some embodiments, a battery apparatus may include one or more battery cells 10, each of which may include a battery cell assembly 11 for providing voltage and capacity. The battery cell assembly 11 may include multiple battery cells 110 connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration via a busbar. Exemplarily, the battery apparatus may include a battery pack.

[0084] In some embodiments, the battery cell assembly 11 is typically formed by arranging a plurality of battery cells 110.

[0085] As an example, the battery cell assembly 11 can be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells 110 together. As an example, the battery module can be formed by binding multiple battery cells 110 together with cable ties (e.g., restraint 14).

[0086] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 100 may include a battery management module 104 and a fire protection power distribution module 103 located in the electrical compartment 1017. The battery management module 104 includes a thermal management module, a main control module, and a central control module. The fire protection power distribution module 103 includes a power distribution module and a fire protection system, etc.

[0087] As an example, the main control module can serve as the battery management unit for battery cluster 102, used to monitor and manage battery cluster 102. The main control module can monitor information such as current, voltage, power, or temperature of battery cluster 102. For example, it can control the charging and discharging current and voltage of battery cluster 102. The main control module includes modules such as an auxiliary battery management unit (SBMU) and a fusion switch.

[0088] As an example, the central control module can serve as the battery management unit of the energy storage device 100, used to monitor and manage the energy storage device 100. The central control module can monitor information such as the current, voltage, power, state of charge, or temperature of the energy storage device 100. For example, it can control the charging and discharging current and voltage of the energy storage device 100. As an example, the central control module includes modules such as an insulation monitoring module (IMM), a master battery management unit (MBMU), an Ethernet (ETH) module, and a fiber optic conversion module. Exemplarily, the central control module may include input / output devices for control, such as switches and panels, which can be arranged in a central control box.

[0089] As an example, the power distribution module can be used to distribute power to the electrical devices of the energy storage device 100. Exemplarily, the power distribution module may include input / output devices for control, such as switches, panels, etc., which may be arranged in a distribution box or distribution cabinet.

[0090] As an example, the fire protection system includes fire protection components, control panels, detectors, alarm devices, etc., used to detect, alarm, or extinguish fires in the energy storage system 1000.

[0091] In this embodiment of the application, the battery cell 110 can be a secondary battery. A secondary battery refers to a battery cell 110 that can be used again after being discharged by recharging to activate the active materials.

[0092] The battery cell 110 can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this.

[0093] Battery cell 110 generally includes electrode assembly 114 (see Figure 7 The electrode assembly 114 includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. During the charging and discharging process of the battery cell 110, active ions (such as lithium ions) repeatedly insert and extract between the positive and negative electrodes. The separator is disposed between the positive and negative electrodes to prevent short circuits between them while allowing active ions to pass through.

[0094] Below, refer to Figures 3 to 10 Some embodiments of this application will be described in detail.

[0095] In the description of the embodiments of this application, for ease of explanation, the direction of arrow X represents "first direction X", the direction of arrow Y represents "second direction Y", and the direction of arrow Z represents "third direction Z", wherein the third direction Z is the same as the arrangement direction of the battery cells 110 in the same battery cell 10. The first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z intersect each other and are not coplanar. In some embodiments, the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z are perpendicular to each other. In some embodiments, the second direction Y is consistent with the height direction of the energy storage device. The height direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the support surface when the energy storage device is stably placed on the support surface.

[0096] The first aspect of this application provides an energy storage device 100, such as... Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the energy storage device 100 includes: a housing 101 having multiple housing walls that enclose a receiving space 1018, the multiple housing walls including a first housing wall 1011; at least one battery cell 10 located in the receiving space 1018, the battery cell 10 including a battery cell assembly 11 and a phase change heat conduction device 15, the battery cell assembly 11 including multiple battery cells 110 arranged in an array, the battery cell 110 including a housing 112; the phase change heat conduction device 15 including a heat absorption section 15a and a heat release section 15b and the phase change heat conduction device 15 having a built-in phase change material, the heat absorption section 15a and the heat release section 15b being connected and internally connected for the flow of the phase change material, the heat absorption section 15a contacting the housing 112 and the heat release section 15b contacting the first housing wall 1011.

[0097] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the housing 101 includes multiple housing walls that surround and form a receiving space 1018, where the battery unit 10 is located. In some specific embodiments, the energy storage device 100 is an energy storage container, and the housing 101 is the container body of the energy storage container. In other specific embodiments, the energy storage device 100 is an energy storage cabinet, and the housing 101 is the cabinet body of the energy storage cabinet.

[0098] For ease of explanation, one of the multiple box walls will be named "the first box wall".

[0099] Optionally, the first housing wall 1011 can be the top wall, bottom wall, or side wall of the housing 101. In a specific embodiment, the first housing wall can be the side wall of the housing 101.

[0100] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, the housing 101 has a doorway. The energy storage device 100 may also include a door 1015, which is connected to the housing wall surrounding the doorway and can be opened and closed relative to the doorway. The first housing wall 1011 and the housing wall with the doorway are two housing walls. In some embodiments, these two housing walls can be two opposite housing walls. Of course, the first housing wall 1011 and the housing wall with the doorway can also be adjacent housing walls.

[0101] In some embodiments, the second housing wall 1012 has a door opening, and the second housing wall 1012 is disposed opposite to the first housing wall 1011. Further, along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 110 in the same battery cell 10, the second housing wall 1012 is disposed opposite to the first housing wall 1011.

[0102] In some embodiments, the material of the first enclosure wall 1011 includes a metal material. More specifically, the first enclosure wall 1011 can be made of at least one of stainless steel plate, aluminized magnesium steel plate, or steel plate. In some embodiments, aluminized magnesium steel plate is selected to make the enclosure wall to balance the structural characteristics, corrosion resistance, and thermal conductivity of the enclosure.

[0103] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the enclosure 101 forms a receiving space 1018, which is used to house the components of the energy storage device 100. The receiving space 1018 provided by the enclosure 101 can be broadly divided into an energy compartment 1016 and an electrical compartment 1017. The energy compartment 1016 is mainly used to house the battery cluster 102 (including multiple unit arrays), and the electrical compartment 1017 is mainly used to house the fire protection power distribution module 103 and the battery management module 104. The fire protection power distribution module 103 includes a power distribution module and / or a fire protection module, and the battery management module 104 includes at least one of a main control module, a central control module, and a power distribution module.

[0104] In some embodiments, the energy storage 1016 is provided with a plurality of battery clusters 102, which are connected in parallel, series or mixed connection through a busbar assembly to improve the voltage or capacity of the energy storage device 100.

[0105] In some embodiments, the battery cluster 102 includes at least one battery cell 10.

[0106] In some embodiments, the battery cluster 102 includes a plurality of battery cells 10, which are connected in series, in parallel or in a mixed manner.

[0107] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 100 may further include a separator 106 that separates different battery clusters 102.

[0108] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, the battery unit 10 includes a battery cell assembly 11, and the battery cell assembly 11 includes a plurality of battery cells 110. Figure 4 As illustrated in the diagram, multiple battery cells 110 can be arranged in the left-right direction within the same battery cell assembly 11.

[0109] Optionally, the battery cell assembly 11 may include two or more battery cells 110.

[0110] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 , Figure 6 or Figure 9 As shown, the phase change heat conduction device 15 may include a housing defining a closed inner cavity containing a phase change material. Within the housing, the portion primarily responsible for heat absorption is referred to as the heat-absorbing section 15a, and the portion primarily responsible for heat release can be referred to as the heat-releasing section 15b. In some specific embodiments, the housing as a whole includes a horizontally extending section and a vertically extending section. The horizontally extending section contacts the outer casing of each individual battery cell in the battery cell assembly, and the vertically extending section contacts the first housing wall. In this case, the horizontally extending section can be designated as the heat-absorbing section 15a, and the vertically extending section as 15b.

[0111] The phase change heat conduction device 15 cools the battery cells through the phase change material within it. Specifically, cooling can be achieved by absorbing heat through liquid evaporation or solid melting / sublimation processes, including liquid vaporization cooling and solid melting / sublimation cooling. Taking liquid vaporization cooling as an example, the phase change material can be circulated through low-pressure heat absorption evaporation, vapor pressure increase, and high-pressure heat release liquefaction. The phase change material can include a refrigerant, such as a liquid refrigerant. In some embodiments, water can optionally be used as the phase change material. In other embodiments, low-boiling-point fluorinated liquids, such as hexafluoropropylene dimer or hydrofluoroether, can be used as the phase change material.

[0112] To guide the flow of the phase change material between the heat absorption and heat release sections, flow channels can be provided within the inner cavity of the casing. Additionally, the phase change temperature of the phase change material can be lowered by maintaining a certain degree of vacuum within the inner cavity. The specific vacuum level can be set based on factors such as the phase change temperature of the phase change material under a given pressure and the temperature of the object to be cooled (the battery cell). For the phase change heat conduction device 15, as long as it can absorb heat from the battery cell and release it to the first casing wall through the phase change of the phase change material, this paper does not impose any particular limitations on its internal structure, and existing solutions can be used.

[0113] In some specific embodiments, water is used as the phase change material. When manufacturing the phase change heat conduction device, the inner cavity is evacuated. At room temperature, the pressure in the inner cavity can be in the range of 12 kPa to 12.4 kPa. Under this condition, the evaporation temperature of water can be in the range of 48 degrees to 52 degrees. The water in the heat absorption section 15a absorbs heat from the battery cell 110 and evaporates into a gaseous state. The water vapor flows in the inner cavity to the heat release section 15b. The heat of the water vapor is transferred to the first housing wall through the heat release section 15b and dissipates heat from the first housing wall to the external environment of the energy storage device. Correspondingly, the water vapor in the heat release section 15b condenses into condensate and flows back to the heat absorption section 15a based on gravity or the surface tension of the liquid. This cycle is repeated to realize the heat transfer from the battery cell to the external environment, thereby reducing the risk of heat accumulation around the battery cell leading to thermal runaway and battery cell failure.

[0114] In some embodiments, the heat-absorbing section 15a and the heat-releasing section 15b are bent relative to each other, with at least a portion of the heat-releasing section 15b higher than the heat-absorbing section 15a along the direction of gravity, thereby enabling the liquid phase change material located in the heat-releasing section 15b to flow to the heat-absorbing section 15a under the action of gravity.

[0115] Of course, in other embodiments, the heat-absorbing section 15a and the heat-releasing section 15b may not be bent but extend inclined in the same direction, such that at least a portion of the heat-releasing section 15b is higher than the heat-absorbing section 15a in the direction of gravity.

[0116] The heat-absorbing section 15a can come into contact with the battery cell, either directly or through a thermally conductive material, as long as heat conduction is possible. The contact point between the heat-absorbing section 15a and the battery cell can be any location that does not affect the battery cell's operation; however, contact with areas that generate significant heat is more conducive to efficient and rapid heat dissipation.

[0117] The following section will further explain this in conjunction with the structure of a single battery cell.

[0118] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the battery cell 110 includes a casing 112. The casing 112 can be a steel casing, an aluminum casing, a plastic casing (such as a polypropylene casing), a composite metal casing (such as a copper-aluminum composite casing), or an aluminum-plastic film, etc. The battery cell 110 generally also includes an electrode assembly 114. In some embodiments, the casing 112 can be a sealed structure or a non-sealed structure. As an example, when the casing 112 is a non-sealed structure, the casing 112 serves to protect the electrode assembly 114, and a sealing bag can also be included between the casing 112 and the electrode assembly 114. The sealing bag is used to encapsulate the electrode assembly 114 and the electrolyte. Specifically, the sealing bag can be a bag-shaped insulating component or an aluminum-plastic film. When the casing 112 is a sealed structure, it is used to encapsulate the electrode assembly 114 and the electrolyte, etc.

[0119] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the battery cell 110 includes an electrode assembly 114. The electrode assembly 114 includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. During the charging and discharging process of the battery cell 110, active ions (e.g., lithium ions) repeatedly insert and extract between the positive and negative electrodes. The separator is disposed between the positive and negative electrodes to prevent short circuits between the positive and negative electrodes while allowing active ions to pass through.

[0120] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly 114 is provided with tabs 113, which can conduct current from the electrode assembly 114. The tabs 113 include a positive tab and a negative tab.

[0121] As an example, the battery cell 110 can be a prismatic battery cell or a battery cell of other shapes. Prismatic battery cells include prismatic battery cells, blade-shaped battery cells, and multi-prismatic battery cells, such as hexagonal prismatic battery cells. For ease of explanation, in... Figures 3 to 9 The illustrated embodiment uses a prismatic battery cell as an example for explanation. Figure 10 The embodiments shown are illustrated using a blade battery cell as an example.

[0122] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, at least one electrode terminal 111 is provided on the outer casing 112, and the electrode terminal 111 is electrically connected to the tab 113. The electrode terminal 111 can be directly connected to the tab 113, or it can be indirectly connected to the tab 113 through an adapter. The electrode terminal 111 can be provided on the top shell wall, side shell wall or bottom shell wall of the outer casing 112.

[0123] In some embodiments, a pressure relief mechanism 115 is provided on the housing 112. The pressure relief mechanism 115 is used to release the internal pressure of the battery cell 110. The pressure relief mechanism 115 may be provided on the top housing wall (first housing wall 1121), side housing wall or bottom housing wall of the housing 112.

[0124] Optionally, the electrode terminal 111 and the pressure relief mechanism 115 can be located on the housing wall of different or the same housing 112.

[0125] In some embodiments, such as Figures 6 to 9 As shown, the heat-absorbing section 15a can be connected in contact with any of the shell walls of the outer shell 112.

[0126] Optionally, the heat-absorbing section 15a may be in contact with the housing wall of the housing 112 that is provided with electrode terminals 111 and / or pressure relief mechanism 115, but must avoid the electrode terminals 111 and / or pressure relief mechanism 115. The heat-absorbing section 15a may also be in contact with the housing wall of the housing 112 that is not provided with electrode terminals 111 and / or pressure relief mechanism 115.

[0127] Optionally, the heat-absorbing section 15a can be in direct or indirect contact with the outer casing 112. In one specific embodiment, a thermally conductive structure exists between the heat-absorbing section 15a and the outer casing 112. Further, the thermally conductive structure is a thermally conductive adhesive or a thermally conductive element 12.

[0128] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the heat-absorbing section 15a is in contact with the bottom wall surface in the outer casing 112, and a thermally conductive adhesive layer is provided between the heat-absorbing section 15a and the bottom wall.

[0129] Optionally, the heat-dissipating section 15b may be in direct or indirect contact with the first housing wall 1011. In one specific embodiment, a thermally conductive structure exists between the heat-dissipating section 15b and the first housing wall 1011. Further, the thermally conductive structure is a thermally conductive adhesive.

[0130] Optionally, the heat-dissipating section 15b can also be engaged with the first housing wall; or the heat-dissipating section 15b can also be pressed against the first housing wall.

[0131] In one specific embodiment, the heat-dissipating section 15b is in contact with the surface of the first housing wall 1011, and a thermally conductive adhesive layer is provided between the heat-dissipating section 15b and the first housing wall 1011.

[0132] Since the heat-releasing section 15b is in contact with the first housing wall 1011 and the heat-absorbing section 15a is in contact with the outer casing 112, the phase change material in the heat-absorbing section 15a of the phase change heat conduction device 15 can absorb the heat generated by the battery cell 110. The phase change material undergoes a phase change and flows to the heat-releasing section 15b, thereby transferring the heat to the first housing wall 1011. The heat is then dissipated to the outside of the energy storage device 100 through the first housing wall 1011, achieving heat dissipation (thermal management) of the energy storage device 100. This heat dissipation method does not require energy consumption like water-cooled units, thus reducing the energy consumption cost caused by thermal management. Moreover, even without a cooling unit, thermal management of the battery cell 110 in the energy storage device 100 can be achieved, which helps save space in the energy storage device 100 used to arrange components related to the cooling unit and helps improve the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 100. Furthermore, since the phase change heat conduction device 15 utilizes the phase change of the phase change material to conduct heat (transfer heat) without the need for moving mechanical parts, it is less prone to wear and mechanical failure, resulting in low maintenance costs. In addition, since the temperature of the battery cell 110 is higher than the ambient temperature, the risk of condensation in the casing of the energy storage device 100 is reduced.

[0133] In some embodiments, in the same battery cell 10, the heat-absorbing section 15a extends along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 110 in the battery cell assembly 11 and is in surface contact with the outer casing 112 of each battery cell 110, and the heat-releasing section 15b extends along a direction intersecting the arrangement direction and is at least partially higher than the heat-absorbing section 15a along the direction of gravity.

[0134] In some embodiments, the heat-absorbing section 15a may contact the bottom, top, or side surface of the battery cell assembly 11. In one specific embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the heat absorption section 15a is in contact with the bottom surface of the battery cell assembly 11.

[0135] The heat absorption section 15a is in surface contact with the outer casing 112 of all the battery cells 110 in the battery cell assembly 11.

[0136] The shape of the surface of the heat-absorbing section 15a perpendicular to the thickness direction of the heat-absorbing section 15a can be rectangular. The side in the arrangement direction of the battery cells can be a long side, or a short side, or both sides can be of equal length.

[0137] In this embodiment, the contact area between the heat-absorbing section 15a and the outer casing 112 is not specifically limited, but can be limited according to the heat dissipation requirements of the battery unit 10, the thermal conductivity parameters of the phase change heat conduction device 15, and the heat dissipation parameters of the first housing wall. The contact area can be adjusted by adjusting the width of the portion of the phase change heat conduction device 15 that contacts the outer casing 112.

[0138] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, along the third direction Z, the two ends of the heat absorption section 15a extend beyond the two end edges of the battery cell assembly 11.

[0139] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, along the first direction X, the two ends of the heat absorption section 15a extend beyond the two end edges of the battery cell assembly 11.

[0140] The heat dissipation section 15b is in contact with the first housing wall 1011. A small gap may exist between the heat dissipation section 15b and the battery cell assembly 11. This gap can be determined by the distance between the battery cell assembly 11 and the first housing wall 1011.

[0141] The surface of the heat-dissipating section 15b perpendicular to its thickness direction can be rectangular. The sides along the extension direction of the heat-dissipating section 15b can be long sides, short sides, or both sides of equal length. Figure 6 , Figure 8 The orientation shown is illustrated as an example, and the extension direction of the heat-generating section 15b is consistent with the first direction X.

[0142] In this embodiment, the contact area between the heat dissipation section 15b and the first housing wall 1011 is not specifically limited, but can be limited according to the heat dissipation requirements of the battery unit 10, the thermal conductivity parameters of the phase change heat conduction device 15, and the heat dissipation parameters of the first housing wall. The contact area can be adjusted by adjusting the width of the portion of the heat dissipation section 15b that contacts the first housing wall 1011.

[0143] In some embodiments, the heat-dissipating section 15b extends close to the inner wall surface of the first housing wall 1011.

[0144] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 or Figure 8 As shown, in the same battery cell 10, within the same projection plane along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 110, the projection of the heat dissipation section 15b overlaps with the projection of the outer casing 112 of the battery cell 110.

[0145] In one specific embodiment, the heat-absorbing section 15a and the heat-releasing section 15b can be formed in an L-shape, with the heat-releasing section 15b bent relative to the heat-absorbing section 15a toward the side where the battery cell assembly is located and in contact with the surface of the first housing wall 1011.

[0146] In some embodiments, part or all of the heat-releasing section 15b is higher than the heat-absorbing section 15a along the direction of gravity.

[0147] Since the heat-absorbing section 15a is in surface contact with the outer casing 112 of each battery cell 110, the phase change material located in the heat-absorbing section 15a can effectively absorb the heat of each battery cell 110. Since the heat-releasing section 15b extends along a direction intersecting the arrangement direction and is at least partially higher than the heat-absorbing section along the direction of gravity, the phase change material located in the heat-absorbing section 15a, after absorbing heat, becomes a gas or a gas-liquid mixture mainly composed of gas after phase change. It flows to the heat-releasing section 15b and can effectively transfer the heat in the phase change material to the first housing wall 1011, thereby achieving heat dissipation. After releasing heat, the phase change material changes phase again into a liquid or a gas-liquid mixture mainly composed of liquid and flows back to the heat-absorbing section 15a under the action of gravity, thereby achieving circulation.

[0148] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, along the direction of gravity, the upper surface of the heat-absorbing section 15a supports the battery cell assembly 11.

[0149] In some embodiments, the heat-absorbing section 15a is in contact with the battery cell assembly 11 along the direction of gravity, and the heat-absorbing section 15a is located below the battery cell assembly 11.

[0150] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, the heat dissipation section 15b of the phase change heat conduction device 15 is fixedly connected to the first housing wall 1011, and the heat absorption section 15a carries the battery cell assembly 11. The battery cell assembly 11 is placed in the housing under the support of the heat absorption section 15a.

[0151] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 100 further includes a support frame (not shown), with the upper surface of the support frame carrying the battery unit 10 along the direction of gravity, and the heat absorption section 15a located between the support frame and the battery unit assembly 11.

[0152] Therefore, on the one hand, the battery cell assembly 11 can be cooled from below, and on the other hand, the heat-releasing section 15b, which intersects with the heat-absorbing section 15a and is higher than the heat-releasing section 15a in the direction of gravity, can be arranged on the side of the battery cell assembly. Since the heat-releasing section 15b occupies the space that already exists between the battery cell assembly 11 and the first housing wall 1011, it will not lead to a reduction in the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device.

[0153] In some embodiments, the outer casing 112 is bonded to the heat-absorbing section 15a by thermally conductive adhesive (not shown); the heat-releasing section 15b is bonded to the first housing wall 1011 by thermally conductive adhesive (not shown).

[0154] Since the outer casing 112 is bonded to the heat-absorbing section 15a with thermally conductive adhesive, the heat of the battery cell 110 can be efficiently transferred to the heat-absorbing section 15a. Since the heat-releasing section 15b is bonded to the first housing wall 1011 with thermally conductive adhesive, the heat of the phase change heat conduction device 15 can be efficiently transferred to the first housing wall 1011, thereby enabling the energy storage device to effectively dissipate heat.

[0155] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the battery cell 110 also includes an electrode terminal 111 and a pressure relief mechanism 115. The electrode terminal 111 and the pressure relief mechanism 115 are disposed in the housing 112. The phase change heat conduction device 15 and the housing 112 are in surface contact with each other at a position that avoids the electrode terminal 111 and the pressure relief mechanism 115.

[0156] In some optional embodiments, the electrode terminal 111 and the pressure relief mechanism 115 are disposed on the first housing wall 1121 of the outer casing 112, and the phase change heat conduction device 15 (e.g., heat absorption section 15a) is in contact with a portion of the first housing wall 1121 that avoids the electrode terminal 111 and the pressure relief mechanism 115. For example, the electrode terminal 111 is located near the center of the first housing wall 1121, and the phase change heat conduction device 15 (e.g., heat absorption section 15a) can be in contact with the portions of the first housing wall 1121 near both ends without covering the pressure relief mechanism 115. In other embodiments, such as... Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the phase change heat conduction device 15 (e.g., heat absorption section 15a) is in contact with the surface of the housing wall other than the first housing wall 1121.

[0157] Since the phase change heat conduction device 15 is in surface contact with the housing 112 at a position that avoids the electrode terminal 111 and the pressure relief mechanism 115, the phase change heat conduction device can avoid the electrode terminal 111 and the pressure relief mechanism 115, allowing the electrode terminal 111 and the pressure relief mechanism 115 to operate normally. Moreover, the phase change heat conduction device 15 only needs to be in surface contact with the housing 112 at a position that avoids the electrode terminal 111 and the pressure relief mechanism 115, so the phase change heat conduction device 15 can be flexibly arranged according to the structure of the battery cell 110.

[0158] In some embodiments, such as Figures 5 to 10 As shown, the battery cell 10 also includes a heat-conducting component 12; in the same battery cell 10, the heat-conducting component 12 is in contact with the outer shell 112 surface of each battery cell 110 in the battery cell assembly 11.

[0159] In some embodiments, such as Figures 5 to 10 As shown, the heat-conducting element 12 is disposed around the battery cell assembly 11. Optionally, the heat-conducting element 12 may surround the battery cell assembly 11 in a first direction X; or the heat-conducting element 12 may surround the battery cell assembly 11 in a second direction Y; or the heat-conducting element 12 may surround the battery cell assembly 11 in a third direction Z.

[0160] In some embodiments, the heat-conducting element 12 is in the shape of an "I".

[0161] In some embodiments, the heat-conducting element 12 is located between the battery cell assembly 11 and the heat-absorbing section 15a.

[0162] Optionally, the heat-conducting element 12 may surround the battery cell assembly 11; or the heat-conducting element 12 may partially surround the battery cell assembly 11.

[0163] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, within the same projection plane along the second direction Y, the projection of the heat-conducting component 12 surrounds the projection of the battery cell assembly 11.

[0164] In some embodiments, the heat-conducting element 12 may be a sheet-like element, and the heat-conducting element 12 contacts the housing of the battery cell 110, including surface contact.

[0165] In some embodiments, the heat-conducting element 12 is made of graphene. Exemplarily, the heat-conducting element 12 is formed using a graphene heat dissipation film. Of course, the heat-conducting element 12 can also be made of other sheets with high thermal conductivity, such as a graphite heat dissipation film.

[0166] In some embodiments, such as Figures 6 to 10 As shown, the heat-conducting element 12 can be in contact with any of the housing walls of the housing 112.

[0167] Optionally, the heat-conducting component 12 may be in contact with the housing wall of the housing 112 that is provided with electrode terminals 111 and / or pressure relief mechanism 115, but must avoid the electrode terminals 111 and / or pressure relief mechanism 115. The heat-conducting component 12 may also be in contact with the housing wall of the housing 112 that is not provided with electrode terminals 111 and / or pressure relief mechanism 115.

[0168] Optionally, the heat-conducting element 12 can be in direct or indirect contact with the housing 112. In one specific embodiment, a heat-conducting structure exists between the heat-conducting element 12 and the housing 112. Further, the heat-conducting structure is a thermally conductive adhesive.

[0169] In one specific embodiment, the heat-conducting element 12 and the housing 112 can be in surface contact.

[0170] Since the heat-conducting component 12 is in contact with the outer shell 112 surface of each battery cell 110 in the battery cell assembly 11, the heat of each battery cell 110 in the battery cell assembly 11 can be more uniform, thereby improving the consistency of the charging and discharging performance of each battery cell 110.

[0171] In some embodiments, such as Figures 6 to 10 As shown, the heat-conducting component 12 includes a first heat-conducting section 12a, a second heat-conducting section 12b, and a third heat-conducting section 12c. In the same battery cell 10, the first heat-conducting section 12a extends along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 110 in the battery cell assembly 11 and contacts the outer shell 112 surface of each battery cell 110. The first heat-conducting section 12a is provided on both sides of the battery cell assembly 11 along the first direction X, and the first direction X intersects the arrangement direction of the battery cells. The second heat-conducting section 12b extends along the first direction X and is connected to the first heat-conducting section 12a at both ends along the first direction X. The third heat-conducting section 12c is arranged opposite to the second heat-conducting section 12b along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 110. The third heat-conducting section 12c extends along the first direction X and is connected to the first heat-conducting section 12a at both ends along the first direction X. Both the second heat-conducting section 12b and the third heat-conducting section 12c are in contact with the outer shell 112 surface of the battery cells.

[0172] In some embodiments, the first thermally conductive section 12a may be connected to the bottom of the battery cell assembly 11 (e.g., Figure 6 (as shown below), top (e.g.) Figure 6 (as shown on the upper side) or side (e.g.) Figure 8 The upper or lower side (as shown) is in contact. In a specific embodiment, the first thermally conductive section 12a contacts the side of the battery cell assembly 11 (e.g., the upper or lower side). Figure 8 (The upper or lower side of the surface is in contact as shown.)

[0173] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5As shown, there are multiple battery cells 10, which can be arranged along the first direction X, the second direction Y, or the arrangement direction of the individual battery cells 110 in the same battery cell 10.

[0174] The first heat-conducting section 12a can be in surface contact with the outer casing 112 of all the battery cells 110 in the battery cell assembly 11.

[0175] The shape of the surface of the first heat-conducting section 12a perpendicular to the thickness direction can be rectangular. The side in the direction of the battery cell arrangement can be a long side, or a short side, or both sides can be of equal length.

[0176] In this embodiment, the contact area between the first heat-conducting section 12a and the outer casing 112 is not specifically limited, but can be limited according to the heat conduction requirements of the battery cell 10 and the heat conduction parameters of the heat-conducting component 12. The contact area can be adjusted by adjusting the width of the portion of the heat-conducting component 12 that contacts the outer casing 112.

[0177] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 10 As shown, along the second direction Y, the two ends of the first heat-conducting section 12a do not extend beyond the two end edges of the outer casing 112. In other words, the width of the first heat-conducting section 12a (in-plane width direction perpendicular to the length direction) does not exceed the dimension of the outer casing 112 it contacts in that direction.

[0178] In some embodiments, the second thermally conductive section 12b may be connected to the bottom of the battery cell assembly 11 (e.g., Figure 6 (as shown below), top (e.g.) Figure 6 (as shown on the upper side) or side (e.g.) Figure 8 The upper or lower side (as shown) is in contact. In one specific embodiment, the second thermally conductive section 12b contacts the side of the battery cell assembly 11 (e.g., the upper or lower side). Figure 8 (The left or right side shown) is in contact.

[0179] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, along the second direction Y, the two ends of the second heat-conducting section 12b do not extend beyond the two end edges of the outer casing 112. In other words, the width of the second heat-conducting section 12b (in-plane width direction perpendicular to the length direction) does not exceed the dimension of the outer casing 112 it faces in that direction.

[0180] The shape of the surface of the second heat-conducting section 12b perpendicular to the thickness direction can be rectangular. The sides of the second heat-conducting section 12b along its extension direction can be long sides, short sides, or both sides of equal length. Figure 6 , Figure 8 The orientation shown is illustrated by example; the extension direction of the second heat-conducting section 12b is consistent with the first direction X. Figure 10 The orientation shown is illustrated as an example. The extension direction of the second heat-conducting section 12b is consistent with the second direction Y.

[0181] In this embodiment, the contact area between the second heat-conducting section 12b and the battery cell assembly 11 is not specifically limited, but can be limited according to the thermal conductivity requirements of the battery cell 10 and the thermal conductivity parameters of the heat-conducting component 12. The contact area can be adjusted by adjusting the width of the portion of the second heat-conducting section 12b that contacts the battery cell assembly 11.

[0182] In some embodiments, the shape and size of the first heat-conducting sections 12a on both sides of the battery cell assembly 11 along the first direction X may be the same or different. In a specific embodiment, the shape and size of the first heat-conducting sections 12a on both sides of the battery cell assembly 11 along the first direction X are the same.

[0183] In some embodiments, the third heat-conducting section 12c is the battery cell 110 in the battery cell assembly 11 that is furthest from the second heat-conducting section 12b (and also furthest from the first housing wall 1011) along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 110 (e.g., Figure 8 The leftmost battery cell 110 shown is in contact with the casing surface.

[0184] In some embodiments, such as Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the first heat-conducting section 12a, the second heat-conducting section 12b, the first heat-conducting section 12a and the third heat-conducting section 12c are connected in sequence to form a ring. The ring-shaped heat-conducting component 12 surrounds the battery cell assembly 11, wherein the two first heat-conducting sections 12a, the second heat-conducting section 12b and the third heat-conducting section 12c are in close contact with the battery cell assembly 11.

[0185] In one specific embodiment, the heat-conducting element 12 may be composed of a first heat-conducting section 12a and a second heat-conducting section 12b, that is, the heat-conducting element 12 is formed in an L-shape.

[0186] In another specific embodiment, the heat-conducting element 12 may be composed of two first heat-conducting sections 12a and a second heat-conducting section 12b connected between the two first heat-conducting sections 12a, that is, the heat-conducting element 12 may be formed in a U-shape.

[0187] In another specific embodiment, the heat-conducting element 12 can be formed as a continuous ring composed of multiple heat-conducting segments connected together, including a first heat-conducting segment 12a, a second heat-conducting segment 12b, and a third heat-conducting segment 12c.

[0188] Therefore, the heat-conducting component 12 can be arranged around the battery cell 110, and the first heat-conducting section 12a, the second heat-conducting section 12b and the third heat-conducting section 12c are all in contact with the outer shell 112 surface of the battery cell 110. Thus, the heat of each battery cell 110 in the battery cell assembly 11 can be more uniform, further improving the consistency of the charging and discharging performance of each battery cell 110.

[0189] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in the same battery cell 10, the battery cells 110 are arranged with their large surfaces facing each other, and the large surface is the largest shell surface in the outer casing 112. The battery cell 10 also includes at least two end plates 13 and at least one restraining member 14. Along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 110 in the same battery cell 10, the battery cell assembly 11 is provided with end plates 13 on both sides. The restraining member 14 and the heat-conducting member 12 are both arranged around the battery cell assembly 11 and the end plates 13. The surrounding direction of the restraining member 14 is the same as the surrounding direction of the heat-conducting member 12, and the heat-conducting member 12 and the restraining member 14 are staggered.

[0190] In some embodiments, along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 110 in the same battery cell 10, at least two end plates 13 are respectively located on both sides of the battery cell assembly 11, and the end plates 13 located on both sides of the battery cell assembly 11 clamp the battery cell assembly 11. The direction in which the end plates 13 clamp the battery cell assembly 11 is usually also the direction in which the battery cells 110 expand due to charge and discharge cycles. Therefore, the end plates 13, in cooperation with the restraint members 14, can suppress the deformation tendency caused by the expansion force of the battery cells.

[0191] The end plate 13 can be generally flat, or it can be other shapes. The end plate 13 can be made of metal, resin, or a combination of metal and resin parts.

[0192] Optionally, the number of restraints 14 can be one, two, or more.

[0193] In some embodiments, the restraint 14 is secured around the battery cell assembly 11. Where the battery cell assembly 11 also has end plates 13 on both sides, the restraint 14 secures the battery cell assembly 11 to the end plates 13.

[0194] exist Figure 6 and Figure 8 In the embodiment shown, the restraint 14 is bound around the battery cell assembly 11 and the end plate 13 when viewed along the second direction Y.

[0195] In one specific embodiment, the restraint 14 may be a steel strip formed into a loop.

[0196] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the number of restraint members 14 is at least two, and these restraint members 14 can be arranged at intervals along the second direction Y, with the heat-conducting member 12 located between the restraint members 14. Figure 6 The case with two restraints 14 is shown.

[0197] The thermal conductive element 12 and the restraining element 14 are staggered, meaning that for the casing wall of the same battery cell (e.g., the third casing wall 1123 hereinafter), the thermal conductive element 12 and the restraining element 14 are in contact with different surfaces on the casing wall along the second direction Y. For example, one restraining element 14 and one thermal conductive element 12 may be arranged alternately along the second direction Y. Alternatively, for example, the thermal conductive element 12 may be located between the restraining elements 14 spaced apart along the second direction Y, and the end edge of the thermal conductive element 12 may abut against or be spaced apart from the restraining element 14. In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, along the second direction Y, the two ends of the heat-conducting component 12 are respectively arranged in close proximity to the two binding components 14.

[0198] In a specific embodiment, such as Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the battery cell 110 includes an electrode terminal 111 and an electrode assembly 114 located inside the housing 112 and electrically connected to the electrode terminal 111. The housing 112 includes a first housing wall 1121 and a third housing wall 1123 connected together. The first housing wall 1121 is located on one side of the electrode assembly 114 along the second direction Y. The electrode terminal 111 is disposed on the first housing wall 1121. The heat-conducting member 12 surrounds the battery cell assembly 110 along the second direction Y and contacts the third housing wall 1123 of each battery cell 110, and also contacts the two end plates 13. Two binding members 14 surround the battery cell assembly 11 and the end plates 13 respectively around the second direction Y, and the two binding members 14 are spaced apart along the second direction Y. Along the second direction Y, the heat-conducting member 12 is located between the two spaced binding members 14.

[0199] In some alternative embodiments, the thickness of the restraint 14 is greater than the thickness of the heat-conducting element 12.

[0200] Since the battery cell assembly 11 has end plates 13 on both sides, and the restraint member 14 is arranged around the battery cell assembly 11 and the end plates 13, the end plates 13 and the restraint member 14 can fix the relative positions of multiple battery cells 110 and keep them in close contact with each other, which is beneficial for assembling them as a whole into the housing 101 of the energy storage device 100. Since the surrounding direction of the restraint member 14 is the same as the surrounding direction of the heat conductor 12 and the heat conductor 12 is staggered from the restraint member 14, it is convenient to set up the restraint member 14 and the heat conductor 12, reduces the probability of the restraint member 14 and the heat conductor 12 interfering with each other, and also reduces the risk that the heat conductor 12 will be broken due to the expansion force of the battery cell 110.

[0201] In some embodiments, the restraint member 14 is configured as a strip, and there are multiple restraint members 14 in the same battery cell 10. The multiple restraint members 14 are arranged at intervals, and the heat-conducting member 12 is arranged between adjacent restraint members 14.

[0202] By setting two or more restraints 14, the restraint force on the battery cell assembly 11 can be increased, and the significant change in the assembly size of the battery cell 10 caused by the expansion of the battery cell 110 can be reduced. By arranging the heat-conducting element 12 between adjacent restraints 14, the risk of the heat-conducting element 12 being pulled off by the expansion force of the battery cell 110 can be reduced more effectively while achieving contact heat transfer.

[0203] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, the heat-conducting component 12 includes a fourth heat-conducting section 12e, which is located between the battery cell assembly 11 and the heat-absorbing section 15a and is in surface contact with the heat-absorbing section 15a and the outer shell 112 of each battery cell 110 in the battery cell assembly 11.

[0204] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, the fourth thermally conductive section 12e can be connected to the bottom of the battery cell assembly 11 (e.g., Figure 9 (as shown below), top (e.g.) Figure 9 The upper side (as shown) or side surface is in contact, but the plane where the outer shell 112 of the fourth heat-conducting section 12e is located intersects the plane where the outer shell 112 of the first heat-conducting section 12a is located, the plane where the outer shell 112 of the second heat-conducting section 12b is located, and the plane where the outer shell 112 of the third heat-conducting section 12c is located. That is, in some embodiments, the first heat-conducting section 12a, the second heat-conducting section 12b, and the third heat-conducting section 12c are not provided, and only the fourth heat-conducting section 12e is provided. In other embodiments, it can be as follows: Figure 9 As shown, a first heat-conducting section 12a, a second heat-conducting section 12b, a third heat-conducting section 12c, and a fourth heat-conducting section 12e are all provided.

[0205] This application does not specifically limit the contact area between the fourth heat-conducting section 12e and the outer casing 112. It can be limited according to the heat conduction requirements of the battery cell 10, the heat conduction parameters of the heat-conducting component 12, and the heat dissipation parameters of the phase change heat-conducting device 15. The contact area can be adjusted by adjusting the width of the fourth heat-conducting section 12e.

[0206] In one specific embodiment, the fourth thermally conductive segment 12e extends along the third direction Z.

[0207] In one specific embodiment, along the direction of gravity, the fourth heat-conducting section 12e is located between the battery cell assembly 11 and the heat-absorbing section 15a and is in surface contact with the outer shell 112 of each battery cell 110 in the battery cell assembly 11.

[0208] In some embodiments, the first thermally conductive section 12a, the second thermally conductive section 12b, the third thermally conductive section 12c, and the fourth thermally conductive section 12e are respectively connected to different surfaces of the battery cell assembly 11. This arrangement of contacting the housing surfaces of multiple battery cells facilitates more efficient heat conduction from the battery cells, resulting in a more uniform temperature among the battery cells 110 in the same battery cell assembly.

[0209] In some embodiments, the outer casing 112 is bonded to the fourth heat-conducting section 12e by thermally conductive adhesive; the heat-absorbing section 15a is bonded to the fourth heat-conducting section 12e by thermally conductive adhesive.

[0210] Since the fourth heat-conducting section 12e is located between the battery cell assembly 11 and the heat-absorbing section 15a and is in surface contact with the outer shell 112 of each battery cell 110 in the battery cell assembly 11, the fourth heat-conducting section 12e can uniformly and efficiently transfer the heat of the battery cell assembly 11 to the heat-absorbing section 15a, so that the phase change material in the heat-absorbing section 15a can absorb the heat of the battery cell assembly 11 more uniformly and quickly to undergo phase change.

[0211] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, the battery cell 110 also includes an electrode terminal 111 and a pressure relief mechanism 115 (not shown). The electrode terminal 111 and the pressure relief mechanism 115 are disposed on the housing 112. The heat-conducting member 12 and a position in the housing 112 that avoids the electrode terminal 111 and the pressure relief mechanism 115 are in surface contact with each other.

[0212] In some optional embodiments, the electrode terminal 111 and the pressure relief mechanism 115 are disposed on the first housing wall 1121 of the outer casing 112, and the heat-conducting element 12 makes contact with a portion of the first housing wall 1121 that avoids the electrode terminal 111 and the pressure relief mechanism 115. For example, the electrode terminal 111 is located near the center of the first housing wall 1121, and the heat-conducting element 12 can make contact with the surfaces near both ends of the first housing wall 1121 without covering the pressure relief mechanism 115. In other embodiments, such as... Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the heat-conducting element 12 is in contact with the surface of the housing wall other than the first housing wall 1121. In another embodiment, as... Figure 10 As shown, the heat-conducting element 12 is in contact with the housing wall surface other than the housing wall where the electrode terminal 111 is located, and does not cover the pressure relief mechanism 115.

[0213] exist Figure 9 In the specific embodiment shown, the battery cell 110 includes a pressure relief mechanism 115 and electrode terminals 111; the housing 112 includes multiple housing walls, including a first housing wall 1121 intersecting the second direction Y (e.g., Figure 9The pressure relief mechanism 115 and electrode terminals are disposed on the first housing wall 1121. The first heat-conducting section 12a is connected to the housing wall (third housing wall 1123) that is opposite to the first housing wall along the first direction X. The second heat-conducting section 12b and the third heat-conducting section 12c are respectively in contact with the housing wall that intersects the third direction Z among the multiple housing walls. The fourth heat-conducting section 12e is connected to the housing wall (e.g., the first housing wall 1121) that is opposite to the first housing wall 1121 along the second direction Y. Figure 9 (The bottom wall shown is in contact with the ground).

[0214] Since the heat-conducting component 12 and the housing 112 are in surface contact with each other, avoiding the electrode terminal 111 and the pressure relief mechanism 115, the heat-conducting component 12 can avoid the electrode terminal 111 and the pressure relief mechanism 115, so that the electrode terminal 111 and the pressure relief mechanism 115 can work normally.

[0215] In some embodiments, the thermally conductive element 12 is a sheet-like component bonded to the housing by thermally conductive adhesive. Exemplarily, the thermally conductive element 12 may be a thermally conductive film.

[0216] In some embodiments, the surface with the largest surface area of ​​the sheet is in contact with the surface of the housing 112.

[0217] Since the heat-conducting element 12 is a sheet-like component, its overall size is small, which reduces the negative impact of the heat-conducting element 12 on the volumetric energy density and mass energy density of the energy storage device 100.

[0218] In some embodiments, the in-plane thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting element 12 is in the range of 1000 W / (m·K) to 5300 W / (m·K).

[0219] In-plane thermal conductivity refers to the ability of a material to conduct heat in its own plane direction. It can quantify the efficiency and rate of heat conduction within the plane of a material.

[0220] In-plane thermal conductivity measures the amount of heat passing through a unit area per unit time under steady-state thermal conductivity conditions in a specific planar direction, under a unit temperature gradient.

[0221] Optionally, the in-plane thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting element 12 can be 1000 W / (m·K), 1500 W / (m·K), 2000 W / (m·K), 2500 W / (m·K), 3000 W / (m·K), 3500 W / (m·K), 4000 W / (m·K), 4500 W / (m·K), 5000 W / (m·K), 5200 W / (m·K), 5300 W / (m·K), etc. Of course, the in-plane thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting element 12 can also be any other value among any two of the above values.

[0222] For example, the heat-conducting component 12 can be made of graphene heat dissipation film, graphite heat dissipation film, etc.

[0223] Because the heat-conducting component 12 has good in-plane thermal conductivity, it can conduct heat more effectively, making the heat of each battery cell 110 more uniform, and further improving the consistency of the charging and discharging performance of each battery cell 110.

[0224] In some embodiments, the in-plane thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting element 12 is in the range of 1000 W / (m·K) to 1500 W / (m·K).

[0225] Optionally, the in-plane thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting element 12 can be 1100 W / (m·K), 1200 W / (m·K), 1300 W / (m·K), 1400 W / (m·K), etc. Of course, the in-plane thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting element 12 can also be any other value among any two of the above values.

[0226] This allows for a balance between the thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting component 12 and the need to reduce costs.

[0227] In some embodiments, the heat-conducting element 12 is made of at least one of graphene, carbon nanotubes, diamond, and boron nitride.

[0228] Because graphene, carbon nanotubes, diamond, or boron nitride have good thermal conductivity, they can conduct heat more effectively, making the heat distribution of each battery cell 110 more uniform, and further improving the consistency of the charging and discharging performance of each battery cell 110.

[0229] In some embodiments, the material of the first housing wall 1011 includes metal; the heat-conducting component 12 is bonded to the first housing wall 1011 by heat-conducting adhesive.

[0230] Optionally, the first housing wall 1011 may be made of at least one of stainless steel plate, aluminum-magnesium steel plate, steel plate, etc.

[0231] Because metal has good thermal conductivity and heat dissipation properties, and the heat-conducting component 12 is tightly attached to the first housing wall 1011 with thermally conductive adhesive, heat can be efficiently transferred to the first housing wall 1011 through the heat-conducting component 12 and can diffuse along the wall surface of the first housing wall 1011, increasing the contact area between heat and air, and dissipating heat more effectively to the outside of the energy storage device 100.

[0232] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, the multiple housing walls include a top wall 1013 and a bottom wall 1014 arranged opposite each other along the height direction of the energy storage device 100, and multiple side walls located between the top wall 1013 and the bottom wall 1014. The multiple side walls include a first housing wall 1011. The number of battery cells 10 is multiple. The first housing wall is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the battery cells 110 in the same battery cell 10.

[0233] In some embodiments, the arrangement direction of the first housing wall 1011 and the battery cells 10 is the same as the arrangement direction of the battery cells 110 in the same battery cell 10. The phase change heat conduction device 15 in each battery cell 10 can be connected to the first housing wall, and the phase change heat conduction device 15 in each battery cell 10 does not interfere with each other.

[0234] by Figure 4 The orientation shown is illustrated as an example. The first box wall can be the left or right wall of box 101.

[0235] Therefore, when the energy storage device 100 has multiple battery cells 10, the phase change heat conduction devices 15 of the multiple battery cells 10 can all contact the first housing wall 1011 without interfering with each other, thereby achieving heat dissipation of the multiple battery cells 10. Moreover, by using the side wall of the housing wall to contact the phase change heat conduction device 15 for heat dissipation, it is convenient to arrange the battery cells 10 in the housing 101.

[0236] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the multiple side walls also include a second housing wall 1012. Along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 110 in the same battery unit 10, the first housing wall 1011 and the second housing wall 1012 are arranged opposite to each other. The second housing wall 1012 has a door opening and is connected to a door 1015.

[0237] This application does not specify the exact location, shape, or size of the doorway, as long as it allows components such as the battery unit 10 to be installed into or removed from the housing 101 through the doorway, and allows for the inspection or installation of components inside the housing 101 through the doorway.

[0238] The energy storage device 100 may also include a door 1015, which is connected to the box wall around the doorway and can be opened and closed relative to the doorway.

[0239] In some embodiments, the battery cells 110 in the same battery cell 10 are arranged in the same direction, and the first housing wall 1011 is arranged in sequence with the battery cell 10 and the second housing wall 1012.

[0240] The phase change heat conduction device 15 in the battery cell 10 is connected to the side wall without a doorway.

[0241] Since the second housing wall has a door opening and is connected to a door 1015, the components inside the housing 101 can be assembled, disassembled or repaired through the door opening. Moreover, the phase change heat conduction device 15 is in contact with the first housing wall 1011, which does not have a door opening, thus reducing the impact of the opening and closing of the door 1015 on the phase change heat conduction device 15.

[0242] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, there are multiple battery cells 10, and the multiple battery cells 10 are arranged along the first direction X to form a battery cell array 10A. The energy storage device 100 includes one or more battery clusters 102, each battery cluster 102 includes multiple battery cell arrays 10A, and each battery cell array 10A is stacked along the second direction Y. The first direction X, the second direction Y and the arrangement direction of the battery cells in the same battery cell intersect each other, and the second direction Y is consistent with the height direction of the energy storage device 100.

[0243] In some embodiments, multiple battery cells 10 in the same battery cell array 10A may be spaced apart or arranged adjacent to each other along the first direction X. In some embodiments, the battery cell 10 may be regarded as a battery module, the battery cell array 10A may be regarded as a battery device (battery pack) including multiple battery modules, and multiple battery cell arrays 10A stacked in the same column along the second direction Y may be regarded as a battery cluster.

[0244] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 100 further includes a plurality of support members (not shown) arranged along the second direction Y. The support members (not shown) are located inside the housing 101. A plurality of battery cells 10 are arranged along the first direction X to form a battery cell array 10A. The support members (not shown) support the battery cell array 10A.

[0245] Optionally, the support member (not shown) can be configured as a support frame with multiple layers of support grids to support each battery cell array 10A in layers; or, the support member can be configured as multiple layers of partitions connected to the housing of the energy storage device 100 to support each battery cell array 10A in layers. As long as it can support each battery cell, the specific form of this application embodiment is not particularly limited.

[0246] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 100 is not provided with a support member, and the phase change heat conduction device 15 is fixedly connected to the first housing wall 1011, supporting the battery cell assembly 11. In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, when viewed along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 110 in the same battery cell 10, the battery cells 10 are arranged in an array, and the phase change heat conduction device 15 in each battery cell 10 can be connected to the surface of the first housing wall 1011, and the phase change heat conduction device 15 in each battery cell 10 does not interfere with each other.

[0247] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, there are multiple battery cells 10, which can be arranged along a first direction X, a second direction Y, or the arrangement direction of the individual battery cells 110 within the same battery cell 10. In one specific embodiment, the multiple battery cells 10 can be arranged along the first direction X.

[0248] In some embodiments, the phase change heat conduction device 15 in the plurality of battery cells 10 can be integrated or separated.

[0249] In some embodiments, the phase change heat conduction devices 15 in the plurality of battery cells 10 are separately arranged, and the phase change heat conduction devices 15 in different battery cells 10 can be arranged at intervals or in contact.

[0250] Therefore, the energy storage device 100 may include multiple battery clusters 102, and the battery cells 10 in the battery clusters 102 may be arranged in multiple layers, and multiple battery cells 10 may be arranged in each layer, which is beneficial to improving the energy density of the energy storage device 100. Moreover, the phase change heat conduction device 15 in each battery cell 10 is in contact with the first housing wall 1011, so the heat released by each battery cell 10 can be quickly transferred to the housing wall and dissipated, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the energy storage device 100.

[0251] In some embodiments, in the same battery cell array 10A, the phase change heat conduction devices 15 of multiple battery cells 10 are connected to each other.

[0252] Therefore, one or more large phase change heat conduction devices 15 can be arranged for the same battery cell array 10A, and some or all of the battery cells 10 in the same battery cell array 10A can share a phase change heat conduction device 15, thereby reducing the number of parts; in some cases, the shared phase change heat conduction device 15 can also be used as a support structure for the battery cell array 10A. For example, in the case of stacking multiple battery cell arrays in layers, the phase change heat conduction device can be used as a layer spacer to play a supporting role.

[0253] A second aspect of this application provides an energy storage system 1000, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the energy storage system 1000 includes the energy storage device 100 and the power conversion device 200 described in the first aspect above. The power conversion device 200 is used to electrically connect the power generation device 3000 and the energy storage device 100.

[0254] This helps reduce the energy consumption cost and operation and maintenance cost of the energy storage system 1000.

[0255] A third aspect of this application provides a charging network 2000, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the charging network 2000 includes a charging pile 2100 and the energy storage device 100 of the first aspect or the energy storage system 1000 of the second aspect, wherein the energy storage device 100 is used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile 2100.

[0256] This helps reduce the energy consumption and operation and maintenance costs of the charging network 2000, and in turn helps reduce the cost of charging using the charging pile 2100.

[0257] The following is a specific example from an embodiment of this application.

[0258] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, four battery clusters 102 are installed inside the container. Each battery cluster 102 contains eight battery unit arrays 10A. The battery unit arrays 10A are fixed on an "L"-shaped phase change heat conduction device 15. The "L"-shaped phase change heat conduction device 15 is fixed on a support (not shown). The battery unit array 10A contains four battery units 10. Each battery unit 10 is surrounded by a heat conduction component 12. The battery unit arrays 10A are mounted on the "L"-shaped phase change heat conduction device 15. The "L"-shaped phase change heat conduction device 15 extends to the wall surface of the first container wall 1011 and makes surface contact with the wall surface of the first container wall 1011. The wall surface of the first container wall 1011 and the phase change heat conduction device 15 are filled with thermally conductive adhesive with high thermal conductivity to reduce thermal resistance. When the battery cell 10 is operating, the heat accumulated in the battery cell 110 causes the temperature of the battery cell 110 to rise. The heat from the battery cell 110 is transferred to the graphene film, which improves the temperature uniformity of the individual battery cells in the battery cell 110. The heat from the battery cell 110 is then transferred to the phase change heat conduction device 15. The phase change heat conduction device 15 is filled with phase change material and forms a negative pressure, so that the evaporation temperature of the phase change material in the phase change heat conduction device 15 is lower than the operating temperature of the battery cell 10. The phase change material evaporates and absorbs heat. The heat from the battery unit 10 is absorbed and formed into a gas, which diffuses along the inner channel of the phase change heat conduction device 15 to the heat release section 15b. The heat release section 15b contacts the first housing wall 1011 and transfers the heat to the wall surface of the first housing wall 1011. Then, through the good thermal conductivity of the metal of the first housing wall 1011, the heat is dissipated to the external environment through the outer wall surface of the housing. After the phase change material releases heat, the gas condenses into a liquid and flows back to the heat absorption section 15a. This is the heat transfer process. The phase change material can be water.

[0259] In the embodiments of this application, there are no requirements for the internal structure of the housing 101. In some embodiments, a case is described where four battery clusters 102 are present, each containing an array of eight battery cells 10A, such as... Figure 3As shown, the energy storage device also includes a fire control cabinet, a distribution box, a battery control system (BMS) control cabinet, and an external junction box. The structure of the energy storage device 100 is not specifically limited. The location and function of the distribution box, BMS control cabinet, and other equipment can be implemented in other ways (e.g., centralized BMS, centralized power distribution, etc.). There are no requirements for the fixing method of the phase change heat conduction device 15. The phase change heat conduction device 15 described in this application is fixed on the support frame. In other schemes, the battery unit array 10A may be fixed on the support panel, or other ways to fix the phase change heat conduction device 15.

[0260] In the embodiments of this application, the material of the heat-conducting element 12 is not specifically limited. In some embodiments, the heat-conducting element 12 is a graphene film with high thermal conductivity. In other embodiments, other materials with high thermal conductivity may also be used.

[0261] In the embodiments of this application, there are no special requirements for the fixing method between the phase change heat conduction device 15 and the inner wall of the first housing wall 1011. In some embodiments, the phase change heat conduction device 15 is bonded to the inner wall of the first housing wall 1011, and the phase change heat conduction device 15 is surface-connected to the first housing wall 1011. A high-performance thermally conductive adhesive is used between the phase change heat conduction device 15 and the first housing wall 1011 to reduce thermal resistance. In other embodiments, the phase change heat conduction device 15 and the first housing wall 1011 can be pressed together or connected by adjustable snaps or other means. For example, a snap-fit ​​device can be provided. During assembly, the phase change heat conduction device 15 is pushed to the bottom of the housing, and the snap-fit ​​device automatically snaps in place, tightly connecting the phase change heat conduction device 15 to the housing to form surface contact. This eliminates the need for high-performance thermally conductive adhesive and enables quick assembly and disassembly of the battery unit 10, saving maintenance time.

[0262] In the embodiments of this application, there are no special requirements for the installation position of graphene. In some embodiments, graphene is attached to both sides of the battery cell assembly 11 and extends along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 110 in the same battery cell 10. In other embodiments, graphene may be attached to the bottom of the battery cell assembly 11, or at the bottom of the battery cell assembly 11 (e.g., at the bottom of the bottom of the battery cell assembly 11). Figure 9 (as shown at the bottom) and both sides (e.g.) Figure 10 The graphene film (shown on both the left and right sides) is attached to both sides. Increasing the contact area between the graphene film and the battery cell assembly 11 or the cross-sectional area of ​​graphene conduction helps to improve the temperature uniformity of the battery cells 110 in the battery cell.

[0263] In the embodiments of this application, there are no special requirements for the type of battery. In some embodiments, such as Figures 5 to 9 As shown, the battery cell 110 is a prismatic battery cell. In other embodiments, such as Figure 10As shown, the battery cell 110 is a short blade battery cell or a blade battery cell.

[0264] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and all should be covered within the scope of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that, include: The box has multiple box walls that enclose a receiving space, and the multiple box walls include a first box wall; At least one battery cell is located in the receiving space. The battery cell includes a battery cell assembly and a phase change heat conduction device. The battery cell assembly includes a plurality of battery cells arranged in an array, and each battery cell includes a housing. The phase change heat conduction device includes a heat absorption section and a heat release section, and the phase change heat conduction device contains a phase change material. The heat absorption section is connected to the heat release section and is internally interconnected to allow the phase change material to flow. The heat-absorbing section is in contact with the outer shell and the heat-releasing section is in contact with the first housing wall.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the same battery cell, the heat-absorbing section extends along the arrangement direction of the battery cells in the battery cell assembly and is in surface contact with the outer casing of each battery cell, and the heat-releasing section extends along a direction intersecting the arrangement direction and is at least partially higher than the heat-absorbing section along the direction of gravity.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Along the direction of gravity, the upper surface of the heat-absorbing section supports the battery cell assembly.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The outer shell is bonded to the heat-absorbing section with thermally conductive adhesive; The heat-dissipating section is bonded to the wall of the first housing using thermally conductive adhesive.

5. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The battery cell also includes electrode terminals and a pressure relief mechanism. The electrode terminals and the pressure relief mechanism are disposed in the housing. The phase change heat conduction device is in surface contact with the portion of the housing that avoids the electrode terminals and the pressure relief mechanism.

6. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery cell further includes a heat-conducting component; in the same battery cell, the heat-conducting component is in contact with the outer casing surface of each battery cell in the battery cell assembly.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The heat-conducting component includes a first heat-conducting section, a second heat-conducting section, and a third heat-conducting section. In the same battery cell, the first heat-conducting section extends along the arrangement direction of the battery cells in the battery cell assembly and contacts the outer shell surface of each battery cell. The first heat-conducting section is provided on both sides of the battery cell assembly along the first direction, and the first direction intersects the arrangement direction of the battery cells. The second heat-conducting segment extends along the first direction and is connected to the first heat-conducting segment at both ends along the first direction; The third thermally conductive section and the second thermally conductive section are arranged opposite each other along the arrangement direction of the battery cells. The third thermally conductive section extends along the first direction and is connected to the first thermally conductive section at both ends along the first direction. Both the second and third heat-conducting sections are in contact with the outer casing surface of the battery cell.

8. The energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the same battery cell, the battery cells are arranged with their large surfaces facing each other, and the large surface is the shell surface with the largest area in the outer casing; The battery cell further includes at least two end plates and at least one restraining member. Along the arrangement direction of the battery cells in the same battery cell, the battery cell assembly has end plates on both sides. The restraining member and the heat-conducting member are arranged around the battery cell assembly and the end plates. The surrounding direction of the restraining member is the same as the surrounding direction of the heat-conducting member, and the heat-conducting member and the restraining member are staggered.

9. The energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The restraint element is configured as a strip. The number of restraints in the same battery cell is multiple, and the multiple restraints are arranged at intervals, with the heat-conducting element arranged between adjacent restraints.

10. The energy storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The heat-conducting component includes a fourth heat-conducting section, which is located between the battery cell assembly and the heat-absorbing section and is in surface contact with the heat-absorbing section and the outer casing of each battery cell in the battery cell assembly.

11. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that, The battery cell also includes electrode terminals and a pressure relief mechanism, which are located within the housing. The heat-conducting element and the portion of the housing that avoids the electrode terminals and the pressure relief mechanism are in surface contact with each other.

12. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that, The heat-conducting component is a sheet-like component that is bonded to the outer shell with thermally conductive adhesive.

13. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that, The in-plane thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting element is in the range of 1000 W / (m·K) to 5300 W / (m·K).

14. The energy storage device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The thermal conductive component is made of any one of graphene, carbon nanotubes, diamond, or boron nitride.

15. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The plurality of enclosure walls include a top wall and a bottom wall arranged opposite each other along the height direction of the energy storage device, and a plurality of side walls located between the top wall and the bottom wall, the plurality of side walls including the first enclosure wall. The number of battery cells is multiple, and the first housing wall is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the battery cells in the same battery cell.

16. The energy storage device according to claim 15, characterized in that, The plurality of side walls also include a second housing wall. Along the arrangement direction of the battery cells in the same battery unit, the first housing wall and the second housing wall are arranged opposite to each other. The second housing wall has a door opening and is connected to a door.

17. The energy storage device according to claim 15, characterized in that, The battery cells are multiple, and the multiple battery cells are arranged along a first direction to form a battery cell array. The energy storage device includes one or more battery clusters, each battery cluster includes multiple battery cell arrays, each battery cell array is stacked along a second direction, the first direction, the second direction and the arrangement direction of the battery cells in the same battery cell intersect each other, and the second direction is consistent with the height direction of the energy storage device.

18. The energy storage device according to claim 17, characterized in that, In the same battery cell array, the phase change heat conduction devices of multiple battery cells are connected to each other.

19. An energy storage system, characterized in that, The device includes an energy storage device and a power conversion device as described in any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the power conversion device is used to electrically connect a power generation device and the energy storage device.

20. A charging network, characterized in that, The device includes a charging pile and an energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 18 or an energy storage system according to claim 19, wherein the energy storage device is used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile.

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