Energy storage cabinet liquid cooling shunt uniform temperature device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of energy storage cabinet liquid cooling shunt temperature equalizing device, heat dissipation flow channel is arranged in each layer battery pack heat dissipation surface in energy storage cabinet, the heat dissipation flow channel has one liquid outlet and at least two liquid inlets, the battery pack heat dissipation surface is divided into several sub heat dissipation areas, one liquid inlet is equipped on the heat dissipation flow channel corresponding to each sub heat dissipation area, the liquid outlet is located at one end of heat dissipation flow channel, the liquid inlet of all sub heat dissipation areas is connected with the liquid outlet through heat dissipation flow channel, the liquid inlet and liquid outlet are connected to the cooling liquid heat exchange circulation system of energy storage cabinet;Temperature sensor is equipped in the battery pack corresponding to sub heat dissipation area, and the temperature sensor is feedback connected with the flow regulating valve of the liquid inlet on corresponding sub heat dissipation area.The utility model solves the heat dissipation problem of middle area in the multilayer battery pack in existing energy storage cabinet, realizes the accurate temperature difference control of each area of battery pack in energy storage cabinet, and can be popularized and applied in multilayer energy storage cabinet using liquid cooling heat dissipation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model discloses a liquid-cooled diversion and temperature equalization device for energy storage cabinets, which belongs to the liquid cooling technology of new energy storage equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of new energy technologies, energy storage cabinets are playing an increasingly important role in power systems. However, energy storage cabinets with ever-increasing installed capacity struggle to effectively address the overheating problem in the middle area of ​​the battery pack. Current energy storage cabinets use circulating liquid cooling for battery pack heat dissipation, with liquid cooling pipelines employing a symmetrical inlet and outlet layout on one or both sides. Coolant flows in from one side at the bottom, passes through the battery pack, and exits from the corresponding side. While energy storage cabinets using bottom-inlet / bottom-outlet liquid cooling achieve coolant circulation, they lack targeted cooling design for the middle area. The coolant flows along a single path within the battery pack, and due to pipe resistance and fluid dynamics, the coolant velocity in the middle area is significantly lower than on the sides. This uneven flow distribution leads to a substantial increase in pressure drop in the middle area, causing severe heat accumulation. For energy storage cabinets with multi-layer battery cluster structures, the uneven coolant distribution is even more pronounced in the middle layer due to its long heat dissipation path and concentrated heat load.

[0003] Actual tests show that under high-load operating conditions, in traditional bottom-in, bottom-out liquid-cooled energy storage cabinets, especially in cabinets with tightly stacked multi-layer battery clusters, the coolant flows in from the bottom inlet and along the side or bottom pipes to the battery pack. This single flow path results in insufficient coolant distribution in the middle area of ​​the battery pack, making it difficult to effectively dissipate heat. Due to impeded heat dissipation, the temperature difference between the middle and outer cells of the battery pack can reach 5-8℃, far exceeding the industry safety standard's 3℃ temperature difference limit. This temperature gradient not only affects battery performance consistency but also accelerates battery aging and creates a risk of thermal runaway. More importantly, existing liquid cooling systems generally employ a fixed flow rate and fixed flow direction cooling strategy, lacking intelligent control capabilities. When an abnormal temperature rise occurs in a certain area of ​​the battery pack, even if the flow rate of the coolant across the entire battery pack surface is increased, the cooling rate of the abnormally high-temperature area in the middle is slower than that of the outer areas, leading to a continued worsening of the uneven temperature distribution problem. This passive cooling mode has become a key technical bottleneck restricting the development of large-capacity, high-power energy storage systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by this utility model is: to address the issue of insufficient coolant distribution and heat accumulation in the middle area of ​​the battery pack in existing energy storage cabinets, which leads to a significantly higher temperature in the middle of the battery pack compared to the sides, a liquid cooling distribution and temperature equalization device for energy storage cabinets is provided.

[0005] This utility model is achieved using the following technical solution:

[0006] A liquid-cooled distribution and temperature equalization device for an energy storage cabinet includes heat dissipation channels on the heat dissipation surfaces of each battery pack layer within the cabinet. Each heat dissipation channel has one outlet and at least two inlets. The heat dissipation surfaces of the battery packs are divided into several sub-heat dissipation zones. Each sub-heat dissipation zone has an inlet on its corresponding heat dissipation channel. The outlet is located at one end of the heat dissipation channel. All inlets of the sub-heat dissipation zones are connected to outlets via the heat dissipation channels. The inlets and outlets are connected to the coolant heat exchange circulation system of the energy storage cabinet. A temperature sensor is installed inside the battery pack corresponding to each sub-heat dissipation zone. The temperature sensor is connected to a flow regulating valve at the inlet of the corresponding sub-heat dissipation zone. Each sub-heat dissipation zone adjusts the coolant flow rate of its corresponding heat dissipation channel based on the real-time temperature signal within its corresponding battery pack area.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the liquid cooling diversion and temperature equalization device for an energy storage cabinet according to this utility model, the heat dissipation channels corresponding to each sub-heat dissipation area on the heat dissipation surface of the battery pack are connected in parallel to the return liquid outlet channel. The return liquid outlet channel is connected to the liquid outlet. The heat dissipation channel corresponding to each sub-heat dissipation area is connected to the normally open liquid inlet. Each sub-heat dissipation area is subjected to independent liquid cooling control. The temperature difference between different areas of the entire battery pack is reduced by independent temperature feedback control of each sub-heat dissipation area.

[0008] In the above-mentioned liquid-cooled distribution and temperature equalization device for energy storage cabinet, the cross-sectional dimension of the return liquid outlet channel is larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the heat dissipation channel corresponding to each sub-heat dissipation zone, so as to ensure the return efficiency of coolant in all heat dissipation channels of each sub-heat dissipation zone.

[0009] In the above-mentioned liquid-cooled distribution and temperature equalization device for energy storage cabinet, a manifold ring is provided at the junction of the heat dissipation channel and the return liquid outlet channel corresponding to each sub-heat dissipation zone. The manifold ring is a variable diameter ring including a large end and a small end, wherein the large end of the manifold ring is connected to the return liquid outlet channel, and the small end of the manifold ring is connected to the heat dissipation channel of the sub-heat dissipation zone.

[0010] In the above-mentioned liquid-cooled distribution and temperature equalization device for energy storage cabinet, the inner wall of the manifold ring is further provided with turbulence blades to reduce the impact and disturbance of the coolant in the small-sized heat dissipation channel on the coolant in the large-sized heat dissipation channel.

[0011] In another preferred embodiment of the liquid-cooled diversion and temperature equalization device for energy storage cabinet of this utility model, the heat dissipation channels corresponding to each sub-heat dissipation area on the heat dissipation surface of the battery pack are connected in series to form a continuous channel. One end of the continuous channel is connected to the liquid outlet, and the other end is connected to one of the liquid inlets as a normally open main liquid inlet. The other liquid inlets are connected to the heat dissipation channels of the corresponding sub-heat dissipation areas as normally closed diversion liquid inlets. The continuous channel dissipates heat to the entire surface of the battery pack. When there is an abnormal temperature difference at the outlet, coolant is added through the diversion liquid inlets of the corresponding sub-heat dissipation areas for precise diversion and cooling.

[0012] In the above-mentioned liquid-cooled distribution and temperature equalization device for energy storage cabinet, the cross-sectional size of the heat dissipation channel in the sub-heat dissipation zone increases gradually in the direction closer to the liquid outlet. As the flow rate of the coolant decreases gradually in the continuous channel, the heat exchange efficiency of the coolant is improved.

[0013] In the above-mentioned liquid-cooled diversion and temperature equalization device for energy storage cabinet, the angle between the liquid inlet direction of the diversion inlet and the flow direction of the heat dissipation channel adjacent to it is less than 90°, thereby reducing the obstruction and disturbance of the coolant entering from the diversion inlet on the coolant in the continuous flow channel.

[0014] In a liquid-cooled distribution and temperature equalization device for an energy storage cabinet according to this utility model, the liquid inlets of the heat dissipation surfaces of each layer of battery packs in the energy storage cabinet are connected in parallel to the outlet of the coolant heat exchange circulation system through a liquid inlet header. One of the liquid inlets of the heat dissipation channel of each layer of battery pack is connected in parallel through the same liquid inlet header. The liquid inlet headers of the different liquid inlets of the heat dissipation channel of the same layer of battery pack are connected in parallel to the outlet of the coolant heat exchange circulation system through a multi-way valve. Each liquid inlet is equipped with an independently controlled flow regulating valve. The parallel connection of the cooling channels of the multiple layers of battery packs in the energy storage cabinet is realized through the liquid inlet header and the liquid outlet header.

[0015] In a liquid-cooled distribution and temperature equalization device for an energy storage cabinet according to this utility model, the heat dissipation channel is further provided by laying serpentine tubes or parallel tubes to cover the heat dissipation surface of the battery pack.

[0016] The present invention, by adopting the above-described technical solution, has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) This utility model provides a cooling liquid diversion and temperature equalization scheme for the heat dissipation surface of the energy storage cabinet battery pack in parallel partitions. The heat dissipation channels of each sub-heat dissipation area on the surface of the battery pack are set in parallel, and each sub-heat dissipation area achieves independent temperature control. For areas with high battery temperature, the cooling liquid flow rate of the corresponding sub-heat dissipation channel is increased to quickly and accurately cool the battery area with concentrated heat. The heat dissipation channels of each sub-heat dissipation area will not interfere with each other, and can quickly reduce the temperature of the high-temperature battery area.

[0018] (2) This utility model also provides a cooling fluid distribution and temperature equalization scheme for the heat dissipation surface of the energy storage cabinet battery pack, which is connected in series in a partitioned manner. Each sub-heat dissipation area on the surface of the battery pack is connected in series using continuous flow channels. This heat dissipation flow channel arrangement structure is simple. When the battery pack load is small, the heat dissipation needs of the battery pack can be met by a single inlet and single outlet of the cooling fluid. When the battery load increases and the heat dissipation in the middle area of ​​the battery pack is not timely, new cooling fluid is added to the middle area of ​​the battery pack by adding a diversion inlet, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling fluid in the middle area of ​​the battery pack and achieving rapid cooling of the high-temperature area. This series heat dissipation flow channel arrangement can be improved on the existing battery pack heat dissipation flow channel, with lower operating costs. It can realize the real-time adjustment of the cooling fluid distribution in the energy storage cabinet during peak and valley periods, and has a significant heat dissipation effect on the middle area of ​​the battery pack where heat dissipation is not timely.

[0019] (3) In the cooling liquid diversion and temperature equalization scheme adopted in this utility model, the heat dissipation channel connecting multiple liquid inlets adopts a zone-by-zone variable cross-section heat dissipation channel, and the flow field between the coolant in the heat dissipation channel and the diverted coolant is stabilized through the connection of the flow ring, thus ensuring the stability of the liquid cooling heat exchange between the coolant and the battery pack.

[0020] (4) By dividing the heat dissipation surface of the battery pack into sub-heat dissipation areas and using temperature sensors arranged in zones, combined with the above-mentioned heat dissipation flow channel arrangement scheme, the present invention realizes the automatic and precise control of the temperature difference of each sub-heat dissipation area of ​​the battery pack.

[0021] In summary, the liquid-cooled diversion and temperature equalization device for energy storage cabinets provided by this utility model solves the heat dissipation problem in the middle area of ​​multi-layer battery packs in existing energy storage cabinets, and realizes precise temperature difference control in various areas of the battery pack in the energy storage cabinet. It can be widely applied in multi-layer energy storage cabinets that use liquid cooling.

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation channel arrangement on the battery pack heat dissipation surface of the liquid cooling diversion and equalization device in the energy storage cabinet in Example 1.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the manifold structure of the liquid-cooled diversion and equalization device for the energy storage cabinet in Example 1.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the inlet and outlet manifolds of the multi-layer battery packs in the energy storage cabinet in Example 1.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature feedback control of the liquid-cooled diversion and equalization device in the energy storage cabinet in Example 1.

[0027] Figure 5This is a flowchart of the temperature feedback control process for the liquid-cooled diversion and equalization device in the energy storage cabinet in Example 1.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation channel arrangement on the heat dissipation surface of the battery pack in the liquid cooling diversion and equalization device of the energy storage cabinet in Example 2.

[0029] The diagram labels are as follows: 100 - Battery pack heat dissipation surface, 101 - Sub-heat dissipation area, 21 / 21' - First heat dissipation channel, 211 / 211' - First liquid inlet, 22 / 22' - Second heat dissipation channel, 221 / 221' - Second liquid inlet, 23' - Third heat dissipation channel, 231' - Third liquid inlet, 24 - Return liquid outlet channel, 241 / 241' - Liquid outlet, 25 - Manifold ring, 251 - Small end of manifold ring, 252 - Large end of manifold ring, 253 - Turbidifier blade, 31 - First liquid inlet header, 32 - Second liquid inlet header, 33 - Liquid outlet header, 34 - Multi-way valve, 400 - Controller, 401 - Temperature sensor, 402 - Flow regulating valve. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Example 1

[0031] See Figure 1-3 The liquid cooling distribution and temperature equalization device for an energy storage cabinet shown in the figure is a specific embodiment of this utility model. It includes heat dissipation channels provided on the heat dissipation surfaces 100 of each layer of battery packs in the energy storage cabinet, a liquid outlet and two liquid inlets provided on the heat dissipation channels, and a liquid inlet header and a liquid outlet header connecting the liquid outlet and the corresponding heat dissipation channels of each layer of battery packs in the energy storage cabinet to the coolant heat exchange circulation system.

[0032] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the heat dissipation surface 100 of each layer of the battery pack in the energy storage cabinet is divided into two sub-heat dissipation areas 101. Within the heat dissipation surface of the battery pack, the two sub-heat dissipation areas 101 are respectively arranged with a first heat dissipation channel 21 and a second heat dissipation channel 22. One end of the first heat dissipation channel 21 is provided with a first liquid inlet 211, and one end of the second heat dissipation channel 22 is provided with a second liquid inlet 221. The other ends of the first heat dissipation channel 21 and the second heat dissipation channel 22 are connected to the liquid outlet 241 through a return liquid outlet channel 24. The first liquid inlet 211 and the second liquid inlet 221 are connected to the liquid outlet 241 through the heat dissipation channels of their respective sub-heat dissipation areas. The heat dissipation channels on the heat dissipation surface of the battery pack are connected to the coolant heat exchange circulation system of the energy storage cabinet through the first liquid inlet 211, the second liquid inlet 221, and the liquid outlet 241, realizing the liquid cooling circulation of the battery pack by the coolant within the heat dissipation channels. A temperature sensor is installed inside the battery pack corresponding to the sub-heating zone. The temperature sensor is connected to the flow regulating valve of the liquid inlet on the corresponding sub-heating zone. Each sub-heating zone adjusts the coolant flow rate of the heat dissipation channel according to the real-time temperature signal in the corresponding battery pack area.

[0033] In this embodiment, the first heat dissipation channel 21 and the second heat dissipation channel 22 corresponding to the two sub-heat dissipation areas 101 within the battery pack heat dissipation surface 100 are connected in parallel with the return liquid outlet channel 24, and the return liquid outlet channel 24 is connected to the liquid outlet 241. That is, the first heat dissipation channel 21 and the second heat dissipation channel 22 independently control the liquid cooling of the corresponding sub-heat dissipation areas. Therefore, in this embodiment, the first liquid inlet 211 and the second liquid inlet 221 corresponding to the sub-heat dissipation areas are normally open liquid inlets when liquid cooling the battery pack. By setting controllable flow regulating valves on the liquid inlets, the coolant circulating in the first heat dissipation channel 21 and the second heat dissipation channel 22 of the two sub-heat dissipation areas is diverted for independent liquid cooling control. Combined with temperature sensors arranged in the battery pack corresponding to each sub-heat dissipation area, independent temperature feedback control of the sub-heat dissipation areas is achieved.

[0034] Since all the heat dissipation channels of the two sub-heat dissipation zones 101 in this embodiment eventually converge to the return outlet channel 24 for liquid discharge, the return outlet channel 24 must bear the flow rate of coolant in all the cooling channels of the battery pack heat dissipation surface. Therefore, in this embodiment, the cross-sectional size of the return outlet channel 24 is set to be larger than the cross-sectional size of the heat dissipation channel corresponding to each sub-heat dissipation zone 101. This ensures that the coolant return flow rate is increased due to the convergence, and avoids cooling failure caused by excessive coolant pressure in the first heat dissipation channel 21 and the second heat dissipation channel 22 due to blockage of the coolant return flow rate.

[0035] Furthermore, to avoid coolant flow field disturbance caused by the coolant from each sub-heat dissipation zone flowing into the same outlet channel 24, this embodiment provides a confluence ring 25 at the junction of the first heat dissipation channel 21 and the second heat dissipation channel 22 with the return outlet channel 24, as detailed below. Figure 2 As shown, the manifold ring 25 is a variable-diameter ring including a large end and a small end. The large end 252 of the manifold ring is connected to the return outlet channel 24 with a larger cross-sectional size, while the small end 251 of the manifold ring is connected to the first heat dissipation channel 21 or the second heat dissipation channel 22 with a smaller cross-sectional size. This avoids abrupt changes in cross-section after the coolant from the sub-heat dissipation channel flows into the return outlet channel. Simultaneously, protruding baffles 253 are provided on the inner wall of the manifold ring 25. The baffles 253 agitate the coolant flowing into the return outlet channel, reducing the impact of the coolant in the smaller heat dissipation channel on the coolant in the larger heat dissipation channel, allowing the multiple streams of coolant to quickly pass through the return outlet channel 24.

[0036] This embodiment only illustrates an example of dividing the heat dissipation surface of the battery pack in the same layer of the energy storage cabinet into two sub-heat dissipation areas with parallel heat dissipation channels. The heat dissipation channels are laid out using serpentine or parallel pipes to cover the heat dissipation surface of the battery pack. In practical applications, the number of sub-heat dissipation areas can be divided according to the size of the heat dissipation surface of the battery pack. This embodiment will not elaborate on each one here.

[0037] The energy storage cabinet used in this embodiment includes multi-layered stacked battery pack modules. The heat dissipation channels on the heat dissipation surfaces of each battery pack layer within the energy storage cabinet are connected in parallel via a coolant header. The inlet is connected in parallel to the outlet of the coolant heat exchange circulation system via an inlet header, and the outlet is connected in parallel to the return end of the coolant heat exchange circulation system via an outlet header. Specifically... Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the first liquid inlet 211 of the heat dissipation surface 100 of each layer of the energy storage cabinet is connected in parallel through the first liquid inlet header 31, and the second liquid inlet 221 of the heat dissipation surface 100 of each layer of the energy storage cabinet is connected in parallel through the second liquid inlet header 32. The first liquid inlet header 31 and the second liquid inlet header 32 are connected in parallel to the outlet end of the coolant heat exchange circulation system through the three-way multi-way valve 34. Each liquid inlet of the heat dissipation surface of each layer of the energy storage cabinet is equipped with an independently controlled flow regulating valve. The parallel connection of the cooling channels of the multi-layer battery pack in the energy storage cabinet between the outlet end and the return end of the coolant heat exchange circulation system is realized through the liquid inlet header and the liquid outlet header 33.

[0038] The coolant heat exchange circulation system in this embodiment is a prior art energy storage cabinet using liquid cooling. Its outlet end outputs low-temperature coolant after heat exchange and cooling, and the return end receives high-temperature coolant after absorbing heat from the battery pack, such as the multi-battery pack energy storage system water-cooled unit and its application energy storage cabinet disclosed in CN222190916U. Other structures of the coolant heat exchange circulation system will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0039] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5This embodiment further illustrates that a temperature sensor 401 is integrated into the battery pack corresponding to each sub-heating zone. Each sub-heating zone monitors the real-time operating temperature of its respective battery pack heat dissipation area through an independent temperature sensor 401. The temperature monitoring data corresponding to the sub-heating zone is transmitted to the controller 400 and compared with a temperature safety threshold. The temperature safety threshold referred to here can be the operating temperature safety threshold of the directly sampled sub-heating zone or the temperature difference safety threshold between sub-heating zones. When the controller 400 determines that the temperature safety threshold is exceeded, it issues a control command to regulate the flow regulating valve 402 set at the first liquid inlet 211 or the second liquid inlet 221 of the corresponding battery pack sub-heating zone. The flow regulating valve 402 uses a solenoid valve to control the flow valve core, thereby realizing the regulation of the coolant flow at the corresponding liquid inlet, and thus achieving precise heat dissipation and temperature control of the corresponding sub-heating zone. Taking the temperature difference safety threshold judgment between the heat dissipation zones of the battery pack as an example: When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature difference between the middle sub-heat dissipation zone and other sub-heat dissipation zones of one battery pack is >3℃, the controller sends a command to the flow regulating valve of the corresponding middle sub-heat dissipation zone's inlet, increasing the opening of the flow regulating valve, such as from 30% to 60%, thereby increasing the liquid inlet flow and enhancing the liquid cooling heat dissipation of the middle sub-heat dissipation zone of the battery pack. Each inlet's flow regulating valve has a built-in pressure sensor. When the pressure in the heat dissipation channel of the middle battery pack's heat dissipation zone rises due to the increased flow, the controller fine-tunes the valve opening of other inlets, balancing the pressure within the entire channel through local resistance, ensuring a stable total flow rate in the final return flow channel and avoiding system pressure fluctuations. When the temperature sensor detects a temperature difference ≤3℃, the controller automatically adjusts the opening of the flow regulating valves of each inlet, restoring the basic flow distribution.

[0040] During the complete working time of the energy storage cabinet, temperature sensors within each battery pack continuously collect temperature data from each sub-heat dissipation zone of the battery pack according to a set detection interval. By dynamically diverting the coolant, the operating temperature of different sub-heat dissipation zones within the battery pack is precisely controlled, maintaining a relatively stable temperature throughout the entire battery pack, with a focus on the high-temperature area in the middle of the battery pack caused by poor heat dissipation due to stacking. The controller can be a microcontroller or a programmable logic controller. The detection of temperature signals by temperature sensors and temperature feedback control are mature automatic control technologies, and will not be elaborated upon in this embodiment.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] This embodiment is another specific implementation of the liquid-cooled diversion and temperature equalization device for energy storage cabinet of this utility model. The difference between this embodiment and embodiment one is that the heat dissipation channels of the 100-division sub-heat dissipation areas on the heat dissipation surface of each layer of battery pack in the energy storage cabinet are arranged in series.

[0043] Specifically, such as Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, the battery pack heat dissipation surface 100 is divided into three sub-heat dissipation areas 101. Each sub-heat dissipation area is provided with a first heat dissipation channel 21', a second heat dissipation channel 22', and a third heat dissipation channel 23'. The first heat dissipation channel 21', the second heat dissipation channel 22', and the third heat dissipation channel 23' are connected in series to form a continuous channel covering the entire battery pack heat dissipation surface. One end of this continuous channel is connected to the outlet 241' of the sub-heat dissipation area at the edge of the battery pack, and the other end is connected to the first inlet 211' of the other sub-heat dissipation area at the edge of the battery pack. The remaining second inlets 221' and third inlets 231' are connected in parallel to the heat dissipation channels of the remaining sub-heat dissipation areas without inlets. The continuous channel formed by the first heat dissipation channel 21', the second heat dissipation channel 22', and the third heat dissipation channel 23' is connected to the coolant heat exchange circulation system of the energy storage cabinet through the first inlet 211' and the outlet 241'. The first inlet 211' located at both ends of the continuous flow channel serves as the normally open main inlet, connecting to the outlet of the coolant heat exchange circulation system to input low-temperature coolant into the continuous flow channel for heat exchange and dissipation on the entire battery pack heat dissipation surface. The outlet 241' connects to the return end of the coolant heat exchange circulation system, returning the high-temperature coolant after heat exchange in the battery pack to the coolant heat exchange circulation system for heat exchange and cooling, thus realizing the liquid cooling circulation of the coolant in the heat dissipation flow channel for the battery pack. The second inlet 221' and the third inlet 231' serve as normally closed branch inlets, also connecting to the outlet of the coolant heat exchange circulation system of the energy storage cabinet.

[0044] When the battery pack is under low load, the heat generation of the battery pack is also at a low point, and the overall heat generation of the battery pack is relatively even. The coolant flowing into the battery pack through the first inlet 211' is sufficient to dissipate heat from the entire surface of the battery pack. When the battery pack is under high load, causing abnormally high temperature areas in the middle part due to poor heat dissipation of the stacked components, low-temperature coolant is added through the corresponding sub-heat dissipation inlet to directly enter the sub-heat dissipation area for precise diversion and cooling, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the abnormally high temperature area and quickly stabilizing the temperature difference between various areas of the entire battery pack.

[0045] The low-temperature coolant entering through the first inlet 211' first enters the first heat dissipation channel 21'. As heat exchange occurs between the coolant and the battery pack, the temperature of the coolant entering the second heat dissipation channel 22' and the third heat dissipation channel 23' gradually increases, with the temperature increasing closer to the outlet. Consequently, the heat exchange effect of the subsequent sub-heat dissipation zones decreases progressively. In this embodiment, within the continuous flow channels of the sub-heat dissipation zones, the cross-sectional dimensions of each sub-heat dissipation channel are increased progressively towards the outlet. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional dimensions of the third heat dissipation channel 23' are greater than those of the second heat dissipation channel 22', which in turn are greater than those of the first heat dissipation channel 21'. This results in a progressively slower flow rate of the coolant through the first heat dissipation channel 21', the second heat dissipation channel 22', and the third heat dissipation channel 23', while the residence time in the corresponding sub-heat dissipation zone increases progressively. By increasing the residence time of the coolant in the subsequent sub-heat dissipation zones, the heat exchange and heat dissipation effect of the gradually increasing coolant temperature is ensured.

[0046] The coolant enters from the first inlet 211' into a continuous flow channel consisting of the first cooling channel 21', the second cooling channel 22', and the third cooling channel 23', forming a continuous and stable flow field. To avoid the impact and disturbance of the original coolant flow field caused by the coolant added after opening the branch inlet, this embodiment sets the angle between the inlet direction of the second inlet 221' and the third inlet 231' and the flow direction of the adjacent cooling channel to be less than 90°. The optimal method is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the bypass inlets are arranged tangentially to the flow channel at the bypass position to reduce the obstruction and disturbance of the coolant entering from the bypass inlets on the coolant in the continuous flow channel. The second inlet 221' and the third inlet 231' have the same cross-sectional dimensions as the first inlet 211', and the bypass positions of the second inlet 221' and the third inlet 231' can be connected to their respective cooling channels using the same variable diameter manifold 25 as in Embodiment 1.

[0047] In this embodiment, the connection method between the inlet and outlet ports of the cooling fluid heat exchange circulation system and the inlet and outlet ports of the cooling fluid on the heat dissipation surfaces of each battery pack in the energy storage cabinet is the same as in Embodiment 1. The arrangement of temperature sensors and the temperature feedback control method in the sub-heat dissipation areas of each battery pack heat dissipation surface are also similar to those in Embodiment 1. The only difference is that in Embodiment 1, all inlets are normally open, and the opening of the flow regulating valves of each inlet is adjusted by temperature feedback to control the coolant flow rate of each sub-heat dissipation area. In this embodiment, the main inlet is normally open, and the branch inlets are normally closed. Temperature feedback adjustment requires first opening the flow regulating valve of the branch inlet, and then adjusting the opening of the flow regulating valves of the main inlet and the branch inlet according to the temperature control of the sub-heat dissipation area to adjust the coolant flow rate in the entire continuous flow channel.

[0048] This embodiment can be improved upon existing liquid cooling systems for energy storage cabinets that use a bottom-in, bottom-out configuration. The existing inlet pipe continues to provide basic cooling for the battery pack edges. By adding a "dedicated cooling line for the middle area" to the flow channels on the battery pack's cooling surface, the coolant is diverted upwards to the middle area of ​​the battery pack. This ensures that the battery cells in the middle area receive priority cooling, improving the liquid cooling temperature of key high-temperature areas of the battery pack. This embodiment does not require redesigning the original liquid cooling channels; it can be achieved simply by optimizing the inlet of the heat dissipation channel. It features low cost, ease of implementation, and strong adaptability.

[0049] In this document, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "vertical", and "horizontal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the purpose of clarifying the technical solution and for the convenience of description, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

[0050] In this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, which includes not only the elements listed but also other elements not expressly listed.

[0051] The above are merely specific embodiments of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A liquid-cooled distribution and temperature equalization device for an energy storage cabinet, characterized in that: A heat dissipation channel is provided on the heat dissipation surface of each battery pack in the energy storage cabinet. The heat dissipation channel has one outlet and at least two inlets. The heat dissipation surface of the battery pack is divided into several sub-heat dissipation areas. Each sub-heat dissipation area has an inlet on the heat dissipation channel. The outlet is located at one end of the heat dissipation channel. The inlets of all sub-heat dissipation areas are connected to the outlets through the heat dissipation channels. The inlets and outlets are connected to the coolant heat exchange circulation system of the energy storage cabinet. The battery pack corresponding to the sub-heat dissipation area is equipped with a temperature sensor, which is connected to the flow regulation valve of the liquid inlet on the corresponding sub-heat dissipation area.

2. The liquid-cooled distribution and temperature equalization device for an energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation channels corresponding to each sub-heat dissipation area on the heat dissipation surface of the battery pack are connected in parallel to the return liquid outlet channel. The return liquid outlet channel is connected to the liquid outlet, and the heat dissipation channel corresponding to each sub-heat dissipation area is connected to the normally open liquid inlet.

3. The liquid-cooled distribution and temperature equalization device for an energy storage cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-sectional dimension of the reflux outlet channel is larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the heat dissipation channel corresponding to each sub-heat dissipation zone.

4. The liquid-cooled distribution and temperature equalization device for an energy storage cabinet according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each sub-heating zone has a manifold ring at the junction of its heat dissipation channel and return flow channel. The manifold ring is a variable diameter ring with a large end and a small end. The large end of the manifold ring is connected to the return flow channel, and the small end of the manifold ring is connected to the heat dissipation channel of the sub-heating zone.

5. The liquid-cooled distribution and temperature equalization device for an energy storage cabinet according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the bus ring is also provided with turbulence-disrupting blades.

6. The liquid-cooled distribution and temperature equalization device for an energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation channels corresponding to each sub-heat dissipation area on the heat dissipation surface of the battery pack are connected in series to form a continuous channel. One end of the continuous channel is connected to the liquid outlet, and the other end is connected to one of the liquid inlets as a normally open main liquid inlet. The remaining liquid inlets are connected to the heat dissipation channels of the corresponding sub-heat dissipation areas as normally closed branch liquid inlets.

7. The liquid-cooled distribution and temperature equalization device for an energy storage cabinet according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cross-sectional dimensions of the heat dissipation channels in the sub-heat dissipation zones increase progressively towards the liquid outlet.

8. The liquid-cooled distribution and temperature equalization device for an energy storage cabinet according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angle between the liquid inlet direction of the diversion inlet and the flow direction of the heat dissipation channel adjacent to it is less than 90°.

9. A liquid-cooled distribution and temperature equalization device for an energy storage cabinet according to claim 2 or 6, characterized in that: The liquid inlets of the heat dissipation surfaces of each battery pack in the energy storage cabinet are connected in parallel to the outlet of the coolant heat exchange circulation system through a liquid inlet header. The same liquid inlet header is connected in parallel to one of the liquid inlets of the heat dissipation flow channel of each battery pack heat dissipation surface. The liquid inlet headers of the different liquid inlets of the heat dissipation flow channel of the same battery pack heat dissipation surface are connected in parallel to the outlet of the coolant heat exchange circulation system through a multi-way valve. Each liquid inlet is equipped with an independently controlled flow regulating valve.

10. A liquid-cooled distribution and temperature equalization device for an energy storage cabinet according to claim 2 or 6, characterized in that: The heat dissipation channel is laid out using serpentine or parallel pipes to cover the heat dissipation surface of the battery pack.

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