A multi-temperature control thermal management system for battery modules

Abstract

This utility model relates to a multi-temperature-controlled thermal management system for battery modules, comprising a liquid-cooled plate cooling system and a spray cooling system. The liquid-cooled plate cooling system includes a liquid-cooled plate assembly, a first water inlet, and a first water outlet. The liquid-cooled plate assembly is disposed at the bottom of the battery module and communicates with the first water inlet and the first water outlet. The spray cooling system includes a spray pipe assembly, a second water inlet, and a second water outlet. The spray pipe assembly communicates with the second water inlet, and spray nozzles are provided on the spray pipe assembly corresponding to the battery terminals of each battery module. The second water outlet is fixedly installed on the outer casing and maintains a distance from the top surface of the liquid-cooled plate assembly. This utility model offers the advantages of synergistic efficiency, precise temperature control, and safety and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a multi-temperature control thermal management system for battery modules. Background Technology

[0002] As the requirements for battery energy density and safety performance continue to increase in fields such as new energy vehicles and energy storage equipment, the thermal management system of battery packs faces more stringent challenges. During the charging and discharging process, the bottom area of ​​the battery is prone to a global temperature rise, while the battery terminals, as areas of concentrated current, will form localized hot spots. The heat dissipation requirements of the two are significantly different. If thermal management is inadequate, it will not only lead to uneven temperature distribution in various areas of the battery module, but may also cause thermal runaway risks due to localized overheating of the terminals, seriously restricting the cycle life and safety reliability of the battery.

[0003] In existing technologies, battery thermal management often employs a single liquid cooling plate or spray cooling method: cooling the entire battery module by only using a bottom liquid cooling plate can cover a large area at the bottom, but it is difficult to meet the rapid cooling needs of local high-heat areas such as the terminals; spraying the terminal area alone cannot meet the requirement of uniform heat dissipation throughout the bottom of the battery, ultimately leading to unbalanced heat dissipation in different areas of the battery module, low overall thermal management efficiency, and difficulty in adapting to the needs of use under complex operating conditions. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a multi-level temperature control thermal management system for battery modules, which features synergistic efficiency, precise temperature control, and safety and reliability.

[0005] The above-mentioned utility model objective is achieved through the following technical solution: A multi-temperature-controlled thermal management system for a battery module includes a liquid cooling plate cooling system and a spray cooling system; The liquid cooling plate cooling system includes a liquid cooling plate assembly, a first water inlet and a first water outlet. The liquid cooling plate assembly is disposed at the bottom of the battery module and is connected to the first water inlet and the first water outlet. The spray cooling system includes a spray pipe assembly, a second water inlet, and a second water outlet; the spray pipe assembly is connected to the second water inlet, and a spray nozzle is provided on the spray pipe assembly corresponding to the battery terminal of each battery module; the second water outlet is fixedly installed on the outer shell and maintains a distance from the top surface of the liquid cooling plate assembly.

[0006] Through the above technical solution, a dual temperature control structure combining a liquid cooling plate cooling system and a spray cooling system was constructed. The liquid cooling plate cooling system exchanges heat at the bottom of the battery module, while the spray cooling system sprays heat precisely at the battery terminals, achieving targeted temperature control for different heat-generating areas of the battery module and significantly improving overall thermal management efficiency.

[0007] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the liquid cooling plate assembly includes a top plate, a middle plate and a bottom plate arranged in sequence; The top plate is attached to the bottom of the battery module; The middle layer plate has a cooling channel on the side facing the top layer plate, and the cooling channel is connected to the first water inlet and the first water outlet; The bottom plate is sealed to the top plate and the middle plate.

[0008] Through the above technical solution, the liquid cooling plate assembly adopts a three-layer structure design of top plate, middle plate and bottom plate. The top plate is attached to the bottom of the battery module to efficiently conduct heat. The cooling channel of the middle plate provides a flow path for the coolant. The sealed connection of the bottom plate ensures that the cooling channel is closed and leak-proof, thereby ensuring that the liquid cooling plate cooling system can stably and efficiently complete the bottom heat exchange.

[0009] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the cooling channel is a serpentine channel, and its distribution corresponds to the arrangement of the battery module.

[0010] Through the above technical solution, the cooling channel is set as a serpentine channel and corresponds to the battery module layout. The serpentine structure extends the flow path of the coolant, and the correspondence with the battery module layout ensures that the channel can cover the bottom of each battery cell, so that the heat at the bottom is evenly carried away, thereby improving the uniformity of liquid cooling plate cooling and heat dissipation efficiency.

[0011] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the spray pipe assembly includes a distribution main pipe, multiple main pipes and multiple branch pipes connected in sequence; The main distribution pipe is connected to the second water inlet, and its two ends are respectively connected to one end of the main pipe; The other end of each main pipe is connected to two branch pipes, and the two branch pipes are arranged symmetrically about the main pipe. Multiple spray nozzles are provided on each of the aforementioned branch pipes.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, the spray pipe assembly adopts a sequentially connected structure of distribution main pipe, main pipe and branch pipe, and the branch pipes connected to both ends of the main pipe are symmetrically arranged with the main pipe as the axis. This can realize the uniform distribution of coolant from distribution main pipe to main pipe and then to branch pipe, ensuring that the spray nozzles of each branch pipe can spray the corresponding battery terminals evenly, thus improving the heat dissipation uniformity of the spray cooling system.

[0013] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the branch pipe is provided with multiple spray branch pipes extending towards the battery terminal, and the spray nozzle is opened at the end of the spray branch pipe.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, a spray branch pipe extending towards the battery terminal is set on the branch pipe, and the spray nozzle is located at the end of the branch pipe, so that the coolant can be accurately guided to the core heat-generating point of the battery terminal, avoiding heat dissipation dead angles caused by spray deviation, and improving the targeting and heat dissipation efficiency of spray cooling to the terminal.

[0015] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the main pipeline includes a vertical main pipeline and a horizontal main pipeline that are connected to each other; The connection points between the horizontal main pipeline and each of the branch pipelines are located in the middle section of the branch pipeline along its length.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the main pipeline consists of a vertical main pipeline and a horizontal main pipeline, and the connection point between the horizontal main pipeline and the branch pipeline is located in the middle section of the branch pipeline. This not only adapts to the spatial layout of the battery module, but also ensures the balance of coolant flow and pressure at both ends of the branch pipeline, thus guaranteeing the stability of the spray effect of the spray nozzle.

[0017] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the outer shell surrounds the liquid cooling plate assembly along the circumference of the battery module to form a confluence space, the confluence space is used to collect the coolant sprayed through the spray nozzle, and is connected to the second water outlet.

[0018] Through the above technical solution, the outer shell and the liquid cooling plate assembly form a convergence space, which can effectively collect the coolant sprayed from the spray nozzle and discharge it through the second outlet, avoiding the risk of short circuit caused by coolant accumulation in the battery module. At the same time, it realizes the orderly circulation of coolant, improving the safety and reliability of the entire thermal management system.

[0019] In summary, this utility model has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This utility model discloses a multi-temperature control thermal management system for battery modules. By constructing a dual temperature control system that combines liquid cooling plate cooling and spray cooling, it achieves coordinated management of large-area basic heat dissipation at the bottom of the battery module and precise local heat dissipation of the terminal posts, thus solving the technical problem of differentiated heat dissipation in different areas of the battery.

[0020] 2. This utility model discloses a multi-temperature control thermal management system for a battery module. By using a three-layer plate sealing structure and a serpentine cooling channel corresponding to the cell arrangement, it achieves efficient and uniform heat exchange between the liquid cooling plate and the bottom of the battery, significantly improving the thermal conductivity and temperature uniformity of the basic heat dissipation surface.

[0021] 3. This utility model discloses a multi-level temperature control thermal management system for battery modules. By constructing a multi-level distribution system consisting of "distribution main pipe - symmetrical main pipe - intermediate liquid inlet branch pipe - spray branch pipe" and a bottom confluence structure, it achieves balanced, precise spraying and orderly recovery of coolant on all battery terminals, ensuring the uniformity, targeting and safety of terminal heat dissipation. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-temperature control thermal management system for a battery module according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a multi-temperature control thermal management system for a battery module according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a branch pipe.

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the liquid cooling plate assembly.

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the middle layer plate.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1. First water inlet; 2. First water outlet; 3. Second water inlet; 4. Second water outlet; 5. Spray nozzle; 6. Top layer plate; 7. Middle layer plate; 8. Bottom layer plate; 9. Distribution main pipe; 10. Main pipe; 101. Vertical main pipe; 102. Horizontal main pipe; 11. Branch pipe; 111. Spray branch pipe; 12. Outer shell; 13. Battery module. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "sleeved / connected," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. Example

[0031] Reference Figure 1 This utility model discloses a multi-temperature control thermal management system for a battery pack module, including a liquid cooling plate cooling system and a spray cooling system. The system is adapted to a battery pack consisting of four battery modules 13, each battery module 13 containing 13 batteries, and the entire battery pack contains a total of 52 batteries.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 The liquid cooling plate cooling system includes a liquid cooling plate assembly, a first water inlet 1 and a first water outlet 2. The liquid cooling plate assembly is attached to the bottom of the battery module 13 and is connected to the first water inlet 1 and the first water outlet 2 through an internal flow channel.

[0033] Reference Figure 4 The liquid cooling plate assembly adopts a three-layer plate structure, consisting of a top plate 6, a middle plate 7, and a bottom plate 8 from top to bottom. The top plate 6 is tightly fitted to the bottom of the battery module 13 to achieve efficient heat conduction. Figure 5 The middle plate 7 has a serpentine cooling channel 71 on the side facing the top plate 6. The two ends of the cooling channel 71 are connected to the first water inlet 1 and the first water outlet 2 respectively, forming a coolant circulation path. The bottom plate 8 is sealed and fastened to the top plate 6 and the middle plate 7 by a sealing bolt assembly, which effectively ensures the sealing performance of the cooling channel 71 and avoids coolant leakage.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The spray cooling system includes a spray pipe assembly, a second inlet 3, and a second outlet 4. The spray pipe assembly is connected to the second inlet 3, and a spray nozzle 5 is provided for each battery terminal of each battery module 13. The second outlet 4 is fixed to the outer shell 12 and maintains a distance from the top surface of the liquid cooling plate assembly for discharging the recovered coolant.

[0035] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The spray pipe assembly adopts a multi-stage diversion structure, consisting of a distribution main pipe 9, multiple main pipes 10, and multiple branch pipes 11 connected in sequence. The distribution main pipe 9 is directly connected to the second inlet 3, and the second inlet 3 is connected to the middle section of the distribution main pipe 9. The two ends of the distribution main pipe 9 are respectively connected to one end of the main pipe 10. The main pipe 10 consists of a vertical main pipe 101 and a horizontal main pipe 102 connected in series, which is adapted to the spatial layout of the battery module. The other end of each horizontal main pipe 102 is connected to two branch pipes 11, and the two branch pipes 11 are symmetrically distributed with the horizontal main pipe 102 as the axis to ensure uniform diversion. Each branch pipe 11 is provided with multiple spray branch pipes 111 extending towards the battery terminal. The spray nozzle 5 is opened at the end of the spray branch pipe 111 to achieve precise targeted spraying. The connection point between the horizontal main pipe 102 and the branch pipe 11 is located in the middle section of the length of the branch pipe 11 to ensure balanced flow at both ends of the branch pipe.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 The outer casing 12 surrounds the battery module 13 along the circumference of the liquid cooling plate assembly to form a convergence space. The outer casing 12 has an opening on the side with the second water inlet 3, the lower edge of which is spaced from the top surface of the top plate 6, while the other sides are closed, thus forming a sealed cavity with the liquid cooling plate assembly to collect coolant. This convergence space is a cavity formed around the battery module 13 between the top surface of the top plate 6 and the inner wall of the outer casing 12, located above the battery module 13 and below the spray nozzle 5. It can collect the coolant sprayed through the spray nozzle 5 and discharge it through the second water outlet 4, which is connected to the convergence space, to avoid the risk of liquid accumulation.

[0037] The working process of this utility model is as follows: For the liquid cooling plate cooling system, the coolant enters the internal flow channel of the liquid cooling plate assembly located at the bottom of the battery module 13 from the first inlet 1. When it flows through the serpentine cooling channel 71 on the middle plate 7, it fully exchanges heat with the heat at the bottom of the battery conducted down through the top plate 6. After absorbing heat, the coolant finally flows out of the system from the first outlet 2, completing an independent bottom cooling cycle. For the spray cooling system, the coolant enters from the second inlet 3, first flowing into the main distribution pipe 9, and then being distributed to each main pipe 10. The coolant passes through the vertical main pipe 101 and the horizontal main pipe 102 of the main pipe 10, and enters each symmetrically arranged branch pipe 11 from the connection point in the middle of the horizontal main pipe 102. Then, the coolant is sprayed precisely onto the surface of the corresponding battery terminal from the spray nozzle 5 at the end of the spray branch pipe 11 through the spray branch pipe 111, quickly removing the large amount of heat generated by the terminal during charging and discharging. The sprayed coolant falls into the bottom confluence space formed by the outer shell 12 and the liquid cooling plate assembly, and after being collected here, flows out of the PACK from the second outlet 4, completing an open terminal targeted cooling and recycling process. The two systems can operate independently or work together to ensure the thermal safety of the battery module 13 under complex operating conditions.

[0038] The implementation principle of this utility model is as follows: Based on a dual-coordinated cooling strategy, two complementary cooling systems are used to specifically address the heat dissipation needs of different areas of the battery. The liquid cooling plate system is responsible for the large-area basic heat dissipation at the bottom of the battery module 13: the top plate 6 is in close contact with the bottom of the four battery modules 13 to conduct heat; the serpentine cooling channels 71 of the middle plate 7 correspond to the battery arrangement, evenly removing heat from the bottom; and the bottom plate 8 is sealed by a sealing bolt assembly to prevent coolant leakage. The spray cooling system targets the localized, precise heat dissipation of the battery terminals: the main distribution pipe 9, main pipe 10, and branch pipes 11 are sequentially connected and symmetrically arranged to achieve uniform coolant distribution; the spray branch pipes 111 extend directionally above the terminals, allowing the spray nozzles 5 to precisely spray coolant, quickly suppressing the high temperature of the terminals. The two systems operate independently yet coordinate their functions: the liquid cooling plate suppresses overall temperature rise, the spray system extinguishes localized hot spots, and the confluence space and the second outlet 4 work together to recover the sprayed liquid, ultimately forming a comprehensive, safe, and efficient multi-layered temperature control solution that improves the thermal stability of the battery module 13.

[0039] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-temperature control thermal management system for a battery module, characterized in that, This includes liquid cooling plate cooling systems and spray cooling systems; The liquid cooling plate cooling system includes a liquid cooling plate assembly, a first water inlet (1) and a first water outlet (2). The liquid cooling plate assembly is disposed at the bottom of the battery module (13) and is connected to the first water inlet (1) and the first water outlet (2). The spray cooling system includes a spray pipe assembly, a second inlet (3) and a second outlet (4); the spray pipe assembly is connected to the second inlet (3), and a spray nozzle (5) is provided on the spray pipe assembly at the battery terminal of each battery module (13); the second outlet (4) is fixedly installed on the outer shell (12) and maintains a distance from the top surface of the liquid cooling plate assembly.

2. The multi-temperature control thermal management system for a battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid cooling plate assembly includes a top plate (6), a middle plate (7), and a bottom plate (8) arranged sequentially. The top plate (6) is attached to the bottom of the battery module (13); The middle layer plate (7) has a cooling channel (71) on the side facing the top layer plate, and the cooling channel (71) is connected to the first water inlet (1) and the first water outlet (2); The bottom plate (8) is sealed to the top plate (6) and the middle plate (7).

3. The multi-temperature control thermal management system for a battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cooling channel (71) is a serpentine channel, and its distribution corresponds to the arrangement of the battery module (13).

4. The multi-temperature control thermal management system for a battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray pipe assembly includes a distribution main pipe (9), multiple main pipes (10), and multiple branch pipes (11) connected in sequence. The main distribution pipe (9) is connected to the second water inlet (3), and its two ends are respectively connected to one end of the main pipe (10); The other end of each of the main pipes (10) is connected to two branch pipes (11), and the two branch pipes (11) are arranged symmetrically about the main pipe (10). Multiple spray nozzles (5) are provided on each of the branch pipes (11).

5. A multi-temperature control thermal management system for a battery module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The branch pipe (11) is provided with multiple spray branch pipes (111) extending towards the battery terminal, and the spray nozzle (5) is opened at the end of the spray branch pipe (111).

6. A multi-temperature control thermal management system for a battery module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The main pipeline (10) includes a vertical main pipeline (101) and a horizontal main pipeline (102) that are connected to each other. The connection point between the horizontal main pipe (102) and each of the branch pipes (11) is located in the middle section of the branch pipe (11) along its length.

7. A multi-temperature control thermal management system for a battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer casing (12) surrounds the liquid cooling plate assembly along the circumference of the battery module (13) to form a confluence space, which is used to collect the coolant sprayed through the spray nozzle (5) and is connected to the second water outlet (4).

Images