Battery pack and powered device

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a battery pack and an electric device, and relates to the field of batteries. The battery pack comprises a battery group and a plurality of cold plates. The battery group comprises a plurality of columns of batteries arranged side by side along a first direction, each column of batteries being stacked along a second direction. The plurality of cold plates are arranged on one side of the battery group in a third direction, extend along the second direction and are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and comprise two outer cold plates and at least one inner cold plate located between the two outer cold plates, a heat exchange medium flowing from one of the flow channels of the two outer cold plates and the at least one inner cold plate to the other, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the flow channels of the two outer cold plates being S1, with the unit being mm 2 , the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the flow channels of the at least one inner cold plate being S2, with the unit being mm 2 , and 0.75≤S1 / S2≤1.25. This effectively improves the uniformity of the distribution of the heat exchange medium and improves the overall heat exchange efficiency and temperature consistency of the battery pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of batteries, and in particular, to a battery pack and an electrical device having the battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] It is known that a battery pack includes multiple batteries and a cooling plate for cooling the batteries. The cooling plate may include an inlet cooling plate and an outlet cooling plate. Coolant flows into the inlet cooling plate from the outside and then into the outlet cooling plate. Heat exchange is completed as it flows through the heat exchange area covering the battery surface, and finally flows out through the outlet cooling plate, thus forming a closed cooling loop to achieve temperature management of the battery.

[0003] However, the heat exchange medium is prone to uneven distribution as it flows from the inlet liquid cooling plate to the outlet liquid cooling plate. This uneven distribution can lead to insufficient cooling in some battery areas, thereby reducing the overall heat exchange efficiency of the battery pack. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a battery pack designed to solve the problem of uneven distribution of the heat exchange medium when it flows from the inlet liquid cooling plate to the outlet liquid cooling plate.

[0005] The battery pack includes a battery array and multiple cold plates. The battery array includes multiple rows of batteries arranged side-by-side along a first direction, with each row stacked along a second direction. Multiple cold plates are located on one side of the battery array in a third direction, extending along the second direction and spaced apart along the first direction. Each cold plate includes two outer cold plates and at least one inner cold plate located between the two outer cold plates. A heat exchange medium flows from one of the channels of the two outer cold plates and the at least one inner cold plate to the other. The sum of the cross-sectional areas of the channels of the two outer cold plates is S1, in mm. 2 The sum of the cross-sectional areas of the flow channels of at least one inner cold plate is S2, in mm. 2 , 0.75≤S1 / S2≤1.25.

[0006] In the battery pack, multiple cold plates are arranged above the battery pack. Two outer cold plates and at least one inner cold plate can be liquid inlet and liquid outlet cold plates, respectively. That is, the two outer cold plates can be liquid inlet cold plates, and at least one inner cold plate can be a liquid outlet cold plate, or at least one inner cold plate is a liquid inlet cold plate, and the two outer cold plates are liquid outlet cold plates. Although the projected heat transfer areas facing the battery may differ due to the different arrangements of the multiple cold plates, a balance between the inner and outer cold plates is ensured by controlling the cross-sectional area ratio of the inner and outer cold plates. This effectively improves the uniformity of heat transfer medium distribution and enhances the overall heat transfer efficiency and temperature consistency of the battery pack.

[0007] This disclosure also includes electrical equipment, including the aforementioned battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0008] It should be understood that the following figures only illustrate certain embodiments of this disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the scope.

[0009] It should be understood that the same or similar reference numerals are used in the accompanying drawings to denote the same or similar elements.

[0010] It should be understood that the accompanying drawings are only schematic, and the dimensions and scales of the elements in the drawings are not necessarily precise.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the battery pack structure.

[0013] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in the middle.

[0014] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the battery pack.

[0015] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of part B in the middle section.

[0016] Figure 6 This is a partial enlarged view of part B according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 7 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the inner cold plate.

[0018] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 9 This is a partial cross-sectional view of an electrical appliance according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure captions: 100—Battery pack; 10—Box; 20—Battery group; 21a—Outer battery; 21b—Inner battery; 211—Terminal post; 212—Explosion-proof valve; 30—Cold plate; 31—Outer cold plate; 311—First flow channel; 32—Inner cold plate; 321—Second flow channel; 322—First flow channel wall; 323—Second flow channel wall; 200—Electrical equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Numerous specific details are set forth below to provide an understanding of the structure, function, and use of the embodiments described and illustrated in the specification and figures. It is to be understood that the embodiments described and illustrated herein are non-limiting examples, and thus it will be appreciated that the particular structural and functional details disclosed herein are representative and exemplary. Variations and changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the scope of the claims.

[0022] <Example Battery Pack> This disclosure provides a battery pack 100 according to one embodiment. (See reference...) Figure 1 The battery pack 100 includes a housing 10 and a battery pack 20. Multiple batteries 21 are electrically connected to form the battery pack 20. The housing 10 houses the batteries 21 and a battery management system. The batteries 21 are electrically connected to the battery management system to enable the charging and discharging of the multiple batteries 21. The housing 10 serves as an external protective structure, typically made of metal or composite materials, and is waterproof, dustproof, and impact-resistant, providing a safe operating environment for the internal components such as the batteries 21 and the battery management system.

[0023] The battery pack 100 may also include a battery group 20 composed of multiple batteries 21 connected in series and parallel, and integrate a battery management system (BMS), a thermal management system, an electrical connection system (high-voltage / low-voltage connectors, wiring harnesses, etc.), structural components (casing, brackets, etc.), and protective components. These components are housed within the enclosure 10 and sealed by the top cover, forming a complete functional unit capable of directly outputting electrical energy. The battery pack 100 can serve as a rechargeable battery group 20, acting as a power source for new energy vehicles, primarily for storing and providing electrical energy.

[0024] refer to Figure 1 The battery pack 100 also includes a plurality of cold plates 30. The battery assembly 20 includes multiple rows of batteries 21 arranged side-by-side along a first direction, with each row of batteries 21 stacked along a second direction. The plurality of cold plates 30 are disposed on one side of the battery assembly 20 in a third direction, extending along the second direction and spaced apart along the first direction, including two outer cold plates 31 and at least one inner cold plate 32 located between the two outer cold plates 31. The heat exchange medium flows from one of the flow channels of the two outer cold plates 31 and the at least one inner cold plate 32 to the other. The sum of the cross-sectional areas of the flow channels of the two outer cold plates 31 is S1, in mm. 2 The sum of the cross-sectional areas of the flow channels of at least one inner cold plate 32 is S2, in mm. 2 The ratio S1 / S2 is 0.75 ≤ S1 / S2 ≤ 1.25. Preferably, it is 0.7 ≤ S1 / S2 ≤ 1.2. More preferably, it is 0.8 ≤ S1 / S2 ≤ 1.1. Alternatively, the ratio S1 / S2 can also be 0.85, 0.9, 0.95, or 1.

[0025] For ease of description, in the accompanying drawings of this disclosure, arrows X+ and X- respectively indicate opposite sides in a first direction, arrows Y+ and Y- respectively indicate opposite sides in a second direction, and arrows Z+ and Z- respectively indicate opposite sides in a third direction.

[0026] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 In the battery pack 100, multiple cold plates 30 are arranged above the battery assembly 20. Two outer cold plates 31 and at least one inner cold plate 32 can be liquid inlet cold plates and liquid outlet cold plates, respectively. That is, the two outer cold plates 31 can be liquid inlet cold plates, and at least one inner cold plate 32 can be liquid outlet cold plates, or at least one inner cold plate 32 can be a liquid inlet cold plate, and the two outer cold plates 31 can be liquid outlet cold plates. Although the projected heat exchange area facing the battery 21 may differ due to the different arrangement positions of the multiple cold plates 30, the above-mentioned proportional range ensures that the total cross-sectional area of ​​the internal flow channels of the outer cold plates 31 and the inner cold plates 32 is basically the same. This ensures that the overall flow resistance is similar regardless of which side the heat exchange medium flows into, thus effectively improving the uniformity of heat exchange medium distribution and enhancing the overall heat exchange efficiency and temperature consistency of the battery pack 100.

[0027] refer to Figure 2 Each outer cold plate 31 covers a portion of each battery 21 in the row of batteries 21 closest to the outside, and the inner cold plate 32 covers a portion of each battery 21 in two adjacent rows of batteries 21. That is, as Figure 2 As shown, one outer cold plate 31 covers a portion of the X+ side of the outer battery 21a on the X+ side, another outer cold plate 31 covers a portion of the X- side of the outer battery 21a on the X- side, one inner cold plate 32 covers a portion of the X- side of the outer battery 21a on the X+ side and a portion of the X+ side of the inner battery 21b, and another inner cold plate 32 covers a portion of the X+ side of the outer battery 21a on the X- side and a portion of the X- side of the inner battery 21b. This allows a single inner cold plate 32 to simultaneously cover the heat dissipation requirements of two rows of batteries 21, optimizing the number of cold plates 30 and reducing the installation complexity and cost of the cold plates 30. By increasing the heat exchange area of ​​a single inner cold plate 32, it ensures that adjacent rows of batteries 21 receive the same cooling intensity, effectively balancing the temperature difference between adjacent rows of batteries 21, thereby improving overall temperature uniformity.

[0028] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3Each battery 21 has two terminals 211 on one side near the multiple cold plates 30. The two terminals 211 are spaced apart along a first direction. Each outer cold plate 31 covers the outermost terminal 211 of each battery 21 in a row of batteries 21 near the outer edge, and each inner cold plate 32 covers the terminal 211 of each of two adjacent batteries 21 near the other battery 21. That is, each outer cold plate 31 is used to cover an entire row of terminals 211 near the edge of the battery pack 20, while each inner cold plate 32 spans and covers two adjacent rows of terminals 211. Since the terminals 211 are the main heat source during charging and discharging of the battery 21, this allows the heat exchange medium to actively dissipate heat from the terminal 211 part of the battery 21 where the current is the largest and the heat generation is the most concentrated. This greatly improves the heat dissipation efficiency, effectively prevents the risk of connection aging and increased internal resistance caused by overheating of the terminals 211, and ensures the electrical and thermal safety of the battery pack 100.

[0029] Continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 Each battery 21 is also equipped with an explosion-proof valve 212 located between two terminals 211, and each cold plate 30 does not cover the explosion-proof valve 212 of the corresponding battery 21. That is, the cold plate 30 is installed to completely avoid the area of ​​the explosion-proof valve 212 of the corresponding battery 21. When the battery 21 experiences extreme conditions such as thermal runaway, the internal pressure increases sharply. This ensures that the explosion-proof valve 212 can open instantly without obstruction to quickly release the high-temperature and high-pressure ejected material, avoiding the possibility of more violent explosion caused by the accumulation of internal pressure in the battery pack 100 due to obstruction of the pressure relief path, and greatly improving the overall safety and reliability of the battery pack 100.

[0030] Continue to refer to Figure 3The dimension of battery 21 in the first direction is W1 (in mm), and the distance from cold plate 30 to explosion-proof valve 212 in the first direction is D1 (in mm), where 0.0003 ≤ D1 / W1 ≤ 0.42. Preferably, 0.05 ≤ D1 / W1 ≤ 0.4. More preferably, 0.1 ≤ D1 / W1 ≤ 0.35. Alternatively, the ratio D1 / W1 can also be 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, or 0.3. If D1 / W1 is too small, i.e., D1 / W1 is less than 0.0003, the edge of cold plate 30 is too close to the pressure relief opening of explosion-proof valve 212. When explosion-proof valve 212 is opened, high-temperature and high-pressure ejected material can easily spray onto the adjacent edge of cold plate 30, resulting in poor pressure relief or even melting of the edge of cold plate 30. If D1 / W1 is too large, i.e., D1 / W1 is greater than 0.42, the edge of the cold plate 30 is too far away from the pressure relief opening of the explosion-proof valve 212. This will sacrifice a large amount of effective heat exchange area, making it impossible for the battery 21, especially the electrode post 211 area with high heat generation, to be adequately cooled, increasing the risk of thermal runaway. Based on the above ratio range, the cooling efficiency of the cold plate 30 is preserved to the maximum extent while ensuring the pressure relief safety of the explosion-proof valve 212.

[0031] Further, 0.2mm ≤ D1 ≤ 62.5mm, preferably 10mm ≤ D1 ≤ 55mm. More preferably, 20mm ≤ D1 ≤ 45mm. Alternatively, the value of D1 can also be 25mm, 30mm, 35mm, or 40mm, etc. 148mm ≤ W1 ≤ 685mm, preferably 200mm ≤ W1 ≤ 600mm. More preferably, 300mm ≤ W1 ≤ 500mm. Alternatively, the value of W1 can also be 350mm, 400mm, 450mm, or 480mm, etc.

[0032] Back Figure 2Each outer cold plate 31 has a dimension of W2 in the first direction (in mm), and each inner cold plate 32 has a dimension of W3 in the first direction (in mm), with 0.4 ≤ W2 / W3 ≤ 0.6. Preferably, 0.42 ≤ W2 / W3 ≤ 0.58. More preferably, 0.45 ≤ W2 / W3 ≤ 0.55. Alternatively, the ratio W2 / W3 can also be 0.47, 0.49, 0.51, or 0.53, etc. Since each inner cold plate 32 needs to cover two adjacent rows of batteries 21, while each outer cold plate 31 only needs to cover one row of batteries 21, the inherent width of the inner cold plate 32 is greater than that of the outer cold plate 21. If W2 / W3 is too small, i.e., W2 / W3 is less than 0.4, the contact area between the outer cold plate 31 and the corresponding battery 21 is too small, resulting in insufficient heat dissipation capacity and inability to effectively remove the heat generated by the outer battery 21a, leading to an excessively high temperature of the outer battery 21a. If W2 / W3 is too large, i.e., W2 / W3 is greater than 0.6, the inner cold plate 32 will not have enough width to effectively cover the corresponding two rows of batteries 21, making it difficult to absorb the heat generated by the two rows of batteries 21. This can easily lead to insufficient heat dissipation in the central area of ​​the battery pack 20, which is usually the hottest area, and bring about the risk of thermal runaway. According to the above ratio range, it is ensured that multiple cold plates 30 can meet the overall heat dissipation performance of the battery pack 100 and ensure temperature uniformity.

[0033] Further, 12mm ≤ W2 ≤ 98mm, preferably 25mm ≤ W2 ≤ 85mm. More preferably, 40mm ≤ W2 ≤ 65mm. Alternatively, the value of W2 can also be 45mm, 50mm, 55mm, or 60mm, etc. 30mm ≤ W3 ≤ 162mm, preferably 50mm ≤ W3 ≤ 150mm. More preferably, 80mm ≤ W3 ≤ 120mm. Alternatively, the value of W3 can also be 90mm, 95mm, 100mm, or 110mm, etc.

[0034] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 At least one inner cold plate 32 is two inner cold plates 32. This can be understood as... Figure 2 As shown, three rows of batteries are arranged side-by-side along the first direction, including two outer batteries 21a and one inner battery 21b. Four cold plates are arranged on them, including two outer cold plates 31 and two inner cold plates 32. Specifically, one inner cold plate 32 can cover two different adjacent rows of batteries 21 respectively, ensuring that the middle area of ​​the battery pack 20, which is most prone to overheating, has sufficient heat dissipation area. At the same time, the inner cold plate 32 and the outer cold plate 31 form a balanced flow resistance, resulting in a more comprehensive cooling circulation loop.

[0035] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5Each outer cold plate 31 has n first flow channels 311 arranged side-by-side along a first direction, and each inner cold plate 32 has 2n second flow channels 321 arranged side-by-side along the first direction. The dimension of each first flow channel 311 in the first direction is W4 (mm), and the dimension of each second flow channel 321 in the first direction is W5 (mm). The dimension of each first flow channel 311 in a third direction is h1 (mm), and the dimension of each second flow channel 321 in a third direction is h2 (mm). 0.4 ≤ W5 / W4 ≤ 0.6, and 0.8 ≤ h1 / h2 ≤ 1.2. Preferably, 0.42 ≤ W5 / W4 ≤ 0.58, and 0.82 ≤ h1 / h2 ≤ 1.18. More preferably, 0.45 ≤ W5 / W4 ≤ 0.55, and 0.85 ≤ h1 / h2 ≤ 1.15. Alternatively, the ratio W5 / W4 can be 0.48, 0.5, 0.52 or 0.54, and the ratio h1 / h2 can be 0.9, 0.95, 1, 1.05 or 1.1. Figure 4 and Figure 5 To clearly illustrate the structure, only one first flow channel 311 is labeled as representative, but it should be understood that there are actually multiple first flow channels 311. Similarly, only one second flow channel 321 is labeled as representative, but it should be understood that there are actually multiple second flow channels 321. Meanwhile, the pole post 211 and the explosion-proof valve 212 are concealed. By coordinating the dimensions of the internal flow channels of the inner cold plate 32 and the outer cold plate 31 in the first and third directions, fluid resistance symmetry is achieved despite the asymmetrical physical layout. Specifically, each inner cold plate 32 has twice the number of flow channels as the outer cold plate 31, but its individual flow channel width is smaller than that of a single outer cold plate 31, while maintaining the flow channel depth, i.e., the dimensions of the flow channels in the third direction are basically consistent. This ensures that the total cross-sectional area of ​​the internal coolant flow of the two inner cold plates 32 and the two outer cold plates 31 is similar, thereby ensuring a balanced distribution of flow rate among the cold plates 30. If W5 / W4 and h1 / h2 are too small, i.e., W5 / W4 is less than 0.45 and h1 / h2 is less than 0.85, the second flow channel 321 is too narrow or shallow relative to the first flow channel 311. If the heat exchange medium flows from the outer cold plate 31 to the inner cold plate 32, it will cause excessive storage of heat exchange medium in the outer cold plate 31, resulting in a temperature imbalance of overcooling on the outside and overheating on the inside. If W5 / W4 and h1 / h2 are too large, the second flow channel 321 is too wide relative to the first flow channel 311, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 321 is too large. If the heat exchange medium flows from the outer cold plate 31 to the inner cold plate 32, the flow rate of fluid from the first flow channel 311 to the second flow channel 321 will be insufficient, and the heat exchange medium in the inner cold plate 32 will not be sufficient, resulting in poor cooling effect of the inner cold plate 32. Based on the above ratio range, under the premise of asymmetrical layout of the outer cold plate 31 and the inner side, it is ensured that the heat exchange medium can circulate uniformly between the first flow channel 311 and the second flow channel 321.

[0036] Further, 2mm ≤ h1 ≤ 8mm, preferably 3mm ≤ h1 ≤ 7mm. More preferably, 3.5mm ≤ h1 ≤ 6mm. Alternatively, the value of h1 can also be 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, or 5.5mm, etc. 4mm ≤ h2 ≤ 10mm, preferably 5mm ≤ h2 ≤ 9mm. More preferably, 6mm ≤ h2 ≤ 8mm. Alternatively, the value of h2 can also be 6.5mm, 7mm, 7.5mm, or 7.8mm, etc. 43mm ≤ W4 ≤ 73mm, preferably 48mm ≤ W4 ≤ 70mm. More preferably, 50mm ≤ W4 ≤ 65mm. Alternatively, the value of W4 can also be 54mm, 58mm, 60mm, or 62mm, etc. 10mm ≤ W5 ≤ 43mm, preferably 15mm ≤ W5 ≤ 40mm. More preferably, 20mm ≤ W5 ≤ 35mm. Alternatively, W5 can be 24mm, 28mm, 30mm or 32mm, etc.

[0037] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6Each outer cold plate 31 has n first flow channels 311 arranged side-by-side along a first direction, and each inner cold plate 32 has 2n second flow channels 321 arranged side-by-side along the first direction. The dimension of each first flow channel 311 in the first direction is W4 (mm), the dimension of each second flow channel 321 in the first direction is W5 (mm), the dimension of each first flow channel 311 in a third direction is h1 (mm), and the dimension of each second flow channel 321 in a third direction is h2 (mm), where 0.8 ≤ W5 / W4 ≤ 1.2 and 0.4 ≤ h1 / h2 ≤ 0.6. By coordinating the restriction of the dimensions of the internal flow channels of the inner cold plate 32 and the outer cold plate 31 in the first and third directions, symmetry of fluid resistance is achieved under the premise of asymmetrical physical layout. Specifically, each inner cold plate 32 has twice the number of flow channels as the outer cold plate 31, but its individual flow channel depth, i.e., the dimension of the flow channel in the third direction, is smaller than that of the flow channel of a single outer cold plate 31, while maintaining the flow channel width, i.e., the dimension of the flow channel in the first direction, is basically the same. This ensures that the total cross-sectional area of ​​the internal coolant flow of the two inner cold plates 32 and the two outer cold plates 31 is similar, thereby ensuring a balanced distribution of flow rate among the cold plates 30. If W5 / W4 and h1 / h2 are too small, i.e., W5 / W4 is less than 0.8 and h1 / h2 is less than 0.4, the second flow channel 321 is too narrow and the first flow channel 311 is too deep, which will result in extremely high resistance in the second flow channel 321, causing coolant to be blocked in the first flow channel 311, resulting in insufficient heat exchange medium in the inner cold plate 32. If W5 / W4 and h1 / h2 are too large, i.e., W5 / W4 is greater than 1.2 and h1 / h2 is greater than 0.6, the second flow channel 321 will be too wide and too shallow, resulting in insufficient flow velocity, low heat exchange efficiency, and thus cooling failure. Based on the above ratio range, under the premise of asymmetrical layout of the outer cold plate 31 and the inner side, it is ensured that the heat exchange medium can circulate uniformly between the first flow channel 311 and the second flow channel 321.

[0038] Further, 6mm ≤ h1 ≤ 10mm, preferably 6.5mm ≤ h1 ≤ 9.5mm. More preferably, 7mm ≤ h1 ≤ 9mm. Alternatively, the value of h1 can also be 7.5mm, 8mm, 8.4mm, or 8.8mm, etc. 2mm ≤ h2 ≤ 6mm, preferably 2.5mm ≤ h2 ≤ 5.5mm. More preferably, 3mm ≤ h2 ≤ 5mm. Alternatively, the value of h2 can also be 3.4mm, 3.8mm, 4.2mm, or 4.8mm, etc. 10mm ≤ W4 ≤ 73mm, preferably 30mm ≤ W4 ≤ 65mm. More preferably, 35mm ≤ W4 ≤ 60mm. Alternatively, the value of W4 can also be 40mm, 45mm, 50mm, or 55mm, etc. 20mm ≤ W5 ≤ 79.5mm, preferably 35mm ≤ W5 ≤ 65mm. More preferably, 40mm ≤ W5 ≤ 60mm. Alternatively, the value of W5 can also be 45mm, 50mm, 55mm, or 60mm, etc.

[0039] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 7 Each outer cold plate 31 has the same thickness as each inner cold plate 32. The inner cold plate 32 has a first flow channel wall 322 and a second flow channel wall 323 spaced apart along its height. A second flow channel 321 is located between the first and second flow channel walls 322 and 323. The first flow channel wall 322 is closer to the battery pack 20 than the second flow channel wall 323, and its thickness is less than that of the second flow channel wall 323. The thinner first flow channel wall 322 directly faces the battery pack 20, providing better heat exchange capacity and improving the response and heat dissipation speed of the heat exchange medium in the event of thermal runaway of the battery pack 20. The thicker second flow channel wall 323 provides stronger structural rigidity, ensuring the overall dimensional stability and reliability of the cold plate 30 under the liquid pressure of the second flow channel 321 and external assembly stress. Within the limited thickness space of the cold plate 30, both efficient heat conduction and structural strength are achieved, thus ensuring the safe operation of the battery pack 100 while realizing optimal cooling performance.

[0040] refer to Figure 2 The heat exchange medium flows from the two outer cold plates 31 into the flow channel of at least one inner cold plate 32. Figure 2 The dashed line indicates the flow direction of the heat exchange medium. The outer battery 21a, located at the edge of the casing, can dissipate some heat to the environment through the casing, resulting in a relatively low heat load. Therefore, the heat exchange medium flowing through the outer cold plate 31 consumes less heat, resulting in a limited temperature rise. This allows the heat exchange medium to maintain a high cooling capacity and a low temperature when it flows back into the inner cold plate 32, thus concentrating the cooling capacity on the inner battery 21b, which has a higher heat dissipation demand.

[0041] refer to Figure 8The heat exchange medium flows from the flow channel of at least one inner cold plate 32 into the two outer cold plates 31. Figure 7 The dashed line indicates the flow direction of the heat exchange medium. The heat exchange medium, with its lower temperature and better cooling capacity, first flows through the inner battery 21b of the battery pack 100, where the temperature is high and heat dissipation is difficult. At this point, the central region of the battery pack 20, which is most prone to localized high temperatures, can be rapidly cooled, effectively suppressing temperature rise. Subsequently, the heat exchange medium, having absorbed most of the heat from the inner battery 21b, is then diverted to the two outer cold plates 31, providing moderate cooling to the outer battery 21a, which has a lower heat load.

[0042] Further, 20mm²≤S1≤730mm², preferably 50mm²≤S1≤650mm². More preferably, 100mm²≤S1≤500mm². Alternatively, the value of S1 can also be 150mm², 200mm², 300mm², or 400mm², etc. 20mm²≤S2≤1590mm², preferably 200mm²≤S2≤1400mm². More preferably, 500mm²≤S2≤1000mm². Alternatively, the value of S2 can also be 600mm², 700mm², 800mm², or 900mm², etc.

[0043] <Example Electrical Equipment> This utility model embodiment also provides an electrical device 200, which may include the battery pack 100 described above.

[0044] By way of example only, electrical equipment 200 can be, but is not limited to, vehicles, ships, aircraft, household appliances, and industrial equipment. For example, vehicles can be passenger cars, trucks, construction vehicles, etc.

[0045] In addition, the electrical equipment 200 can also be used for the storage, conversion and release of recyclable electrical energy.

[0046] In a non-restrictive example, refer to Figure 9 The electrical equipment 200 can be the car 200, and the battery pack 100 can be used as a power source to power the car 200.

[0047] It should be noted that the elements described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0048] It should be understood that multiple components and / or parts can be provided by a single integrated component or part. Alternatively, a single integrated component or part can be divided into multiple separate components and / or parts. The use of the public designation "a" or "an" to describe a component or part does not imply the exclusion of other components or parts.

[0049] It should be understood that although terms such as “first” or “second” may be used in this disclosure to describe various elements (such as the first flow channel and the second flow channel), these elements are not defined by these terms, which are only used to distinguish one element from another.

[0050] The basic principles of this disclosure have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, and effects mentioned in this disclosure are merely examples and not limitations, and should not be considered as essential features of each embodiment of this disclosure. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed above are for illustrative and facilitative purposes only, and are not limitations. These details do not limit the scope of this disclosure to the necessity of employing the aforementioned specific details for implementation.

[0051] The above are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: A battery pack includes multiple rows of batteries arranged side by side along a first direction, with each row of batteries stacked along a second direction. as well as Multiple cold plates are disposed on one side of the battery pack facing a third direction, extending along the second direction and spaced apart along the first direction. Each cold plate includes two outer cold plates and at least one inner cold plate located between the two outer cold plates. The heat exchange medium flows from one of the flow channels of the two outer cold plates to the other. The sum of the cross-sectional areas of the flow channels of the two outer cold plates is S1, in mm. 2 The sum of the cross-sectional areas of the flow channels of the at least one inner cold plate is S2, in mm. 2 , 0.75≤S1 / S2≤1.

25.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each outer cold plate covers a portion of each cell in the row of cells closest to the outside, and the inner cold plate covers a portion of each cell in the two adjacent rows of cells.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each battery has two terminals on the side near the plurality of cold plates. The two terminals are arranged at intervals along the first direction. Each outer cold plate covers the outermost terminal of each battery in a row of batteries near the outer edge, and each inner cold plate covers the terminal of each of two adjacent batteries near the other battery.

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each battery is also provided with an explosion-proof valve located between the two terminals, and each cold plate does not cover the explosion-proof valve of the corresponding battery.

5. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dimension of the battery in the first direction is W1, in mm, and the distance from the cold plate to the explosion-proof valve in the second direction is D1, in mm, where 0.0003≤D1 / W1≤0.

42.

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, 0.2mm≤D1≤62.5mm, and / or, 148mm≤W1≤685mm.

7. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dimension of each outer cold plate in the first direction is W2, in mm, and the dimension of each inner cold plate in the first direction is W3, in mm, where 0.4 ≤ W2 / W3 ≤ 0.

6.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that, 12mm≤W2≤98mm, and / or, 30mm≤W3≤162mm.

9. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The at least one inner cold plate is two inner cold plates.

10. The battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that, Each outer cold plate has n first flow channels arranged side by side along the first direction, and each inner cold plate has 2n second flow channels arranged side by side along the first direction. The dimension of each first flow channel in the first direction is W4 in mm, the dimension of each second flow channel in the first direction is W5 in mm, the dimension of each first flow channel in the third direction is h1 in mm, and the dimension of each second flow channel in the third direction is h2 in mm. 0.4≤W5 / W4≤0.6 and 0.8≤h2 / h1≤1.

2.

11. The battery pack according to claim 10, characterized in that, 2mm≤h1≤8mm, and / or, 4mm≤h2≤10mm, 43mm≤W4≤73mm, and / or, 10mm≤W5≤43mm.

12. The battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that, Each outer cold plate has n first flow channels arranged side by side along the first direction, and each inner cold plate has 2n second flow channels arranged side by side along the first direction. The dimension of each first flow channel in the first direction is W4 in mm, the dimension of each second flow channel in the first direction is W5 in mm, the dimension of each first flow channel in the third direction is h1 in mm, the dimension of each second flow channel in the third direction is h2 in mm, 0.8≤W5 / W4≤1.2, and 0.4≤h2 / h1≤0.

6.

13. The battery pack according to claim 12, characterized in that, 6mm≤h1≤10mm, and / or, 2mm≤h2≤6mm, 10mm≤W4≤73mm, and / or, 20mm≤W5≤79.5mm.

14. The battery pack according to claim 12, characterized in that, The thickness of each outer cold plate is the same as the thickness of each inner cold plate. The inner cold plate has a first flow channel wall and a second flow channel wall arranged at intervals along the third direction. The second flow channel is located between the first flow channel wall and the second flow channel wall. The first flow channel wall is closer to the battery pack than the second flow channel wall. The thickness of the first flow channel wall is less than the thickness of the second flow channel wall.

15. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange medium flows from the two outer cold plates into the flow channel of at least one inner cold plate.

16. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange medium flows from the flow channel of the at least one inner cold plate into the two outer cold plates.

17. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, 20mm²≤S1≤730mm², and / or, 20mm²≤S2≤1590mm².

18. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

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