Energy storage device, energy storage system and charging network

Abstract

The application discloses an energy storage device, an energy storage system and a charging network. The energy storage device comprises a warehouse body, a battery cluster and a ventilation channel. The battery cluster is accommodated in the warehouse body. The battery cluster comprises a plurality of battery monomer assemblies and a plurality of heat exchange elements. The battery monomer assemblies and the heat exchange elements are alternately arranged along a height direction. The heat exchange element comprises a first heat exchange part and a second heat exchange part in communication. At least part of the second heat exchange part is located on a side, away from the ground, of the first heat exchange part along the height direction. The first heat exchange part is connected with the battery monomer assembly. At least part of the ventilation channel is accommodated in the warehouse body. At least part of the ventilation channel is located on at least one side of the battery cluster along a first direction. The ventilation channel is connected with the second heat exchange part. The height direction intersects the first direction. The energy storage device can improve the energy density and reduce the cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to an energy storage device, energy storage system and charging network. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of technology, electricity has become an indispensable energy source in people's production and daily life. To improve the smoothness of electricity supply and ensure the normal operation of production and daily life, energy storage devices are needed. As devices that cyclically store and release electrical energy, energy storage devices are used to store electrical energy or supply the stored energy to electrical devices through charging or discharging. Energy storage devices are widely used in industrial power supply, household power supply, temporary power supply, mobile power supply, wind power generation, solar power generation, and energy storage power stations.

[0003] In the development of energy storage devices, in addition to improving their performance, reducing their operating costs is also a crucial issue. Therefore, how to reduce the operating costs of energy storage devices while increasing energy density is a continuous technical challenge in energy storage technology. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides an energy storage device, an energy storage system, and a charging network, which can improve energy density and reduce costs.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides an energy storage device, comprising: a housing, a battery cluster, and a ventilation channel. The battery cluster is housed within the housing and includes multiple battery cell components and multiple heat exchange components. Along the height direction, the battery cell components and heat exchange components are alternately arranged. Each heat exchange component includes a first heat exchange section and a second heat exchange section that are connected. At least a portion of the second heat exchange section is located along the height direction on the side of the first heat exchange section away from the ground. The first heat exchange section is connected to the battery cell components. At least a portion of the ventilation channel is housed within the housing and is located along a first direction on at least one side of the battery cluster. The ventilation channel is connected to the second heat exchange section, and the height direction intersects with the first direction.

[0006] In this embodiment, the battery cluster is ventilated and cooled through a ventilation channel, eliminating the need for complex liquid cooling pipes and power equipment, thus reducing the energy consumption of the cooling system. The second heat exchange section of the heat exchanger is at least partially positioned along the height direction on the side of the first heat exchange section away from the ground, allowing the heat exchange medium to circulate naturally by gravity, further reducing additional power consumption. The ventilation channel is directly connected to the second heat exchange section, enabling the ventilation airflow to directly exchange heat with the heat exchanger, shortening the heat exchange path, improving heat dissipation efficiency, and enhancing the overall energy storage efficiency of the energy storage device. This also facilitates the stable operation of individual battery modules at suitable temperatures, improving the operational reliability of the individual battery modules.

[0007] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage device further includes a heat exchange medium, which is contained in a heat exchange element, and the total volume of the heat exchange element is greater than the volume of the liquid heat exchange medium; the heat exchange medium includes a phase change material.

[0008] In this embodiment, the total volume of the heat exchanger is greater than the volume of the liquid heat exchange medium, providing sufficient space for the heat exchange medium to vaporize upon heating, thus reducing the risk of deformation of the heat exchanger due to excessive internal pressure. The heat exchange medium is a phase change material. After absorbing heat from the battery cell assembly, the liquid heat exchange medium vaporizes and enters the second heat exchange section, where it exchanges heat with the ventilation channel for cooling. It then converts to a liquid state and flows back to the first heat exchange section to absorb heat again, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the battery cell assembly.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage device includes a plurality of ventilation channels along a first direction, the plurality of ventilation channels being located on both sides of the battery cluster, and at least a portion of the plurality of ventilation channels being connected to a second heat exchange section.

[0010] In this embodiment, multiple ventilation channels are arranged on both sides of the battery cluster along the first direction, which can simultaneously exchange heat with the second heat exchange section on both sides of the battery cluster, increase the overall heat exchange area, and improve the overall heat dissipation capacity. The arrangement of multiple ventilation channels can improve the uniformity of the lateral temperature distribution of the battery cluster, reduce the temperature difference between different battery cell components, improve the working consistency of the battery cluster, and reduce the risk of performance degradation of battery cell components due to local overheating.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the heat exchanger includes two second heat exchange sections, which are connected to both ends of the first heat exchange section along a first direction; the two second heat exchange sections are respectively connected to multiple ventilation channels.

[0012] In this embodiment, the heat exchanger is provided with two second heat exchange sections, which are respectively connected to the two ends of the first heat exchange section. They can simultaneously contact and exchange heat with both sides of the battery cell assembly, increasing the contact area between the heat exchanger and the battery cell assembly and improving the heat dissipation capacity of a single battery cell assembly. The two second heat exchange sections are respectively connected to the ventilation channels on both sides, so that heat can be simultaneously discharged from both sides of the battery cell assembly, improving the uniformity of temperature distribution inside the battery cell assembly and reducing the risk of thermal stress caused by excessive local temperature difference in the battery cell assembly.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage device includes a plurality of battery clusters arranged along a second direction, with ventilation channels opposite to the plurality of battery clusters, and the second direction, the first direction, and the height direction being perpendicular to each other.

[0014] In this embodiment, the ventilation channel is opposite to multiple battery clusters, which can realize heat exchange between multiple battery clusters and improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage device includes a plurality of the ventilation channels, each ventilation channel being opposite to a battery cluster on one side.

[0016] In this embodiment, each ventilation channel is opposite to each battery cluster, which can realize independent ventilation and heat dissipation for each battery cluster, reduce interference, improve sealing, and accurately allocate the required ventilation volume for each battery cluster, thereby improving the heat dissipation uniformity between different battery clusters. At the same time, when a single battery cluster generates abnormal heat, the ventilation status of the corresponding ventilation channel can be adjusted accordingly, thereby improving the flexibility and reliability of the heat dissipation system.

[0017] In some embodiments of this application, the storage body includes an energy storage compartment, the energy storage compartment includes a first compartment door, the first compartment door is located on one side of the energy storage compartment along a first direction, and along the first direction, a ventilation channel is located on the side of the battery cluster away from the first compartment door.

[0018] In this embodiment, it is beneficial to the placement, removal, and maintenance of individual battery modules within the energy storage compartment, while reducing space occupation and increasing energy density.

[0019] In some embodiments of this application, the silo includes an energy storage compartment, which is separated from the ventilation duct.

[0020] In this embodiment, the energy storage compartment and the ventilation channel are separated to prevent airflow from the ventilation channel from directly entering the energy storage compartment, maintain the stability of the internal temperature field of the energy storage compartment, and reduce the direct impact of airflow on the battery cells. At the same time, it blocks dust and moisture from the ventilation channel from entering the energy storage compartment, improves the sealing level of the energy storage compartment, reduces the risk of battery cells being contaminated or damp, and improves the operational safety and service life of the battery cells.

[0021] In some embodiments of this application, the ventilation channel has an opening, at least part of which is accommodated in the second heat exchange section and connected to the side wall of the opening.

[0022] In this embodiment, the second heat exchange section is housed in the accommodating opening of the ventilation channel, allowing the second heat exchange section to directly contact the air in the ventilation channel, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0023] In some embodiments of this application, the second heat exchange section includes a main body and fins. The main body connects the first heat exchange section and the fins. At least a portion of the main body is accommodated in a receiving port and is connected to the side wall of the receiving port. At least a portion of the fins protrudes from the main body along a first direction and is accommodated in a ventilation channel.

[0024] In this embodiment, the second heat exchange section is provided with fins, and the fins at least partially protrude from the main body and are accommodated in the ventilation channel. This can significantly increase the contact area between the second heat exchange section and the airflow in the ventilation channel, enhance the convective heat transfer effect, and improve the heat dissipation capacity of the second heat exchange section. The connection between the main body and the side wall of the accommodating port ensures structural stability, and the fins extend into the ventilation channel to fully contact the airflow, taking into account both structural reliability and heat exchange efficiency.

[0025] In some embodiments of this application, the fin includes a plurality of fins spaced apart along the height direction, the fins having flow guide holes, and the flow guide holes of the plurality of fins being staggered.

[0026] In this embodiment, the fins are provided with guide holes to guide the airflow through the fins, thereby breaking the dead zone between the airflow and increasing the contact area between the airflow and the fins. The staggered arrangement of the guide holes of multiple fins can prolong the flow path of the airflow between the fins, increase the heat exchange time between the airflow and the fins, and further improve the heat exchange efficiency of the fins, so that the second heat exchange section can transfer heat to the ventilation airflow more quickly.

[0027] In some embodiments of this application, the ventilation channel includes a ventilation cavity, a first ventilation opening, and a second ventilation opening. The first ventilation opening and the second ventilation opening are arranged along the height direction and are both connected to the ventilation cavity.

[0028] In this embodiment, the first and second vents are arranged along the height direction, which can enhance the natural convection effect in the ventilation cavity by utilizing the chimney effect. Even without the drive of a fan, a certain amount of ventilation and heat dissipation can be achieved, reducing system energy consumption. The airflow flows through the ventilation cavity along the height direction, which can fully contact and exchange heat with the second heat exchange parts at different heights, avoiding airflow short-circuiting and improving the overall heat exchange efficiency of the ventilation channel.

[0029] In some embodiments of this application, at least one of the first vent and the second vent is located on one side of the ventilation cavity along a first direction.

[0030] In this embodiment, at least one of the first vent and the second vent is disposed on one side of the ventilation cavity along the first direction. Compared with the first vent and the second vent being located on the same side of the ventilation cavity, the wind resistance is reduced, making the exhaust smooth without power drive, removing more heat, and reducing wind noise.

[0031] In some embodiments of this application, the first vent is located on one side of the ventilation cavity along the first direction, and the second vent is located on one side of the ventilation cavity along the height direction; the energy storage device also includes a ventilation component, which is disposed on the side of the storage body away from the ground along the height direction and communicates with the second vent.

[0032] In this embodiment, the arrangement of the first vent on the side and the second vent on the top further enhances the chimney effect and improves natural ventilation capacity. The ventilation component connected to the second vent at the top of the silo facilitates the guidance of airflow and balances low-energy operation under low load with efficient heat dissipation under high load, thereby improving the adaptability of the heat dissipation system.

[0033] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage device further includes a fan, which is disposed on one side of the storage body along the height direction and communicates with the ventilation cavity; the axis of the fan along the height direction is offset from the axis of the ventilation component along the height direction.

[0034] In this embodiment, the fan and ventilation components are offset along their axes in the height direction. This allows the airflow generated by the fan to be fully diffused and rectified inside the ventilation components before entering the ventilation channel. This improves the uniformity of the air velocity distribution at the inlet and outlet of the ventilation components, making the airflow distribution in different lateral areas within the ventilation channel more balanced and enhancing the heat exchange consistency of the second heat exchange section at each location. At the same time, it can reduce local eddies in the central area, reduce airflow resistance, improve the overall ventilation efficiency of the ventilation system, and obtain a larger effective ventilation volume under the same fan power, further reducing the energy consumption of the heat dissipation system.

[0035] In some embodiments of this application, the ventilation channel further includes a baffle, which is housed within the ventilation cavity.

[0036] In this embodiment, a turbulence-inducing element is provided in the ventilation cavity, which can disrupt the laminar boundary layer of the airflow, causing the airflow to form a turbulent state, increasing the heat transfer coefficient between the airflow and the surface of the second heat exchange section, and enhancing the convective heat transfer effect.

[0037] In some embodiments of this application, the ventilation channel includes a plurality of baffles. Along the height direction, the plurality of baffles are spaced apart. In a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the orthographic projection of each baffle coincides at least partially with the orthographic projection of each battery cell assembly.

[0038] In this embodiment, the turbulence element can guide the airflow to the second heat exchange section, increase the effective contact area between the airflow and the second heat exchange section, and further improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the ventilation channel.

[0039] In some embodiments of this application, along the first direction, one end of the baffle is connected to the side of the ventilation channel away from the second heat exchange section; the other end of the baffle has an inclined tendency from the first vent to the second vent.

[0040] In this embodiment, one end of the baffle is connected to the side of the ventilation channel away from the second heat exchange section, and the other end has an inclined tendency from the first vent to the second vent. This can guide the airflow to flow towards the second heat exchange section along the inclined direction, reduce airflow resistance, and reduce the operating energy consumption of the fan. At the same time, it avoids the formation of an airflow dead zone on the back of the baffle, so that the airflow can fully cover the surface of the second heat exchange section, and improve the uniformity and effectiveness of the baffle heat exchange.

[0041] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage device further includes a first heating element, which is at least partially located within a ventilation channel.

[0042] In this embodiment, the first heating element heats the air in the ventilation channel, thereby heating the energy storage device and ensuring that the battery cells are at a suitable operating temperature in low-temperature environments. Secondly, this application provides an energy storage system including the aforementioned energy storage device, which is used to electrically connect to a power generation device.

[0043] Thirdly, this application provides a charging network, including: the aforementioned energy storage device and charging pile, wherein the energy storage device is used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile. Attached Figure Description

[0044] The features, advantages, and technical effects of exemplary embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of a charging network provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This application provides schematic diagrams of energy storage systems according to some embodiments. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an energy storage device structure provided for some embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the battery device in an energy storage device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of an energy storage device according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an energy storage device according to some embodiments of this application from another perspective; Figure 7 for Figure 5 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an energy storage device from another perspective, representing one of the embodiments of this application. Figure 9 for Figure 7 An enlarged view of an example structure at point Q; Figure 10 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of another example structure at point Q; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the ventilation channel of an energy storage device according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 12 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery device according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 13 This is another partial structural schematic diagram of a battery device according to some embodiments of this application.

[0046] The accompanying drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0047] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1000, Charging network; 2000, Energy storage system; 100, Energy storage device; 200, Charging pile; 300, Power conversion device; 400, Power generation device; 110. Battery assembly; 111. Housing; 112. Battery cell; 113. Heat exchanger; 120. Compartment; 121. First compartment door; 122. Energy storage compartment; 101. Battery cluster; 102. Battery cell assembly; 130. Ventilation channel; 131. Ventilation cavity; 132. First vent; 133. Second vent; 134. Receiving opening; 113a. Second heat exchange section; 113b. First heat exchange section; 1131. Main body; 1132. Fin; 1133. Fin; 1134. Air guide hole; 135. Baffle; 140. Ventilation component; 150. Fan; 151. First heating component; X, second direction; Y, first direction; Z, height direction. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0050] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0051] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0053] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of this application shown in the accompanying drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device, are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this application.

[0054] In this application, "multiple" means two or more (including two).

[0055] With the development of clean energy, more and more devices are using electricity as their driving force, leading to the rapid development of power batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries, which can store a large amount of electrical energy and can be repeatedly charged and discharged. These power batteries are not only used in energy storage systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but are also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric cars, as well as in aerospace and other fields.

[0056] Power plants are demanding increasingly higher area energy density from energy storage devices. Therefore, to increase power output, the total weight of the storage unit and its components must be reduced, which in turn increases the overall weight. However, energy storage devices need to be transported from the production site to the usage site via land and / or sea transport. Land and sea transport typically have weight restrictions, creating a conflict between increasing energy density and reducing the weight of the energy storage device.

[0057] In existing technologies, energy storage devices are equipped with thermal management systems. The individual battery cells within these devices generate significant heat during energy storage or power generation, affecting their normal operation. Cooling devices are installed within the energy storage device to dissipate heat from the battery cells, ensuring stable operation at suitable temperatures. However, the operation of these cooling devices consumes electrical energy, leading to high energy consumption and reduced energy storage efficiency.

[0058] In view of this, this application provides an energy storage device that uses a ventilation channel to ventilate and dissipate heat from the battery cluster, thereby reducing energy consumption. Furthermore, at least a portion of the second heat exchange section of the heat exchanger is located along the height direction on the side of the first heat exchange section away from the ground, i.e., the second heat exchange section is higher than the first heat exchange section. The second heat exchange section is connected to the ventilation channel, enabling the ventilation channel to exchange heat with the battery cell assembly via the heat exchanger, thus improving heat dissipation efficiency. A phase-change heat exchange medium can be provided inside the heat exchanger. After the liquid heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange section absorbs heat from the battery cell assembly, it vaporizes and flows to the higher first heat exchange section to exchange heat with the ventilation channel. After cooling and liquefying, it flows back to the first heat exchange section, thereby achieving low-energy heat dissipation of the battery cell assembly, improving energy storage efficiency while ensuring the reliability of the battery cell assembly.

[0059] Energy storage devices can be used in energy storage power stations, wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, or temporary power supply systems. These devices can store electrical energy as needed and output it when appropriate. For example, an energy storage device can store electrical energy during off-peak hours and provide power to relevant users or electrical equipment during peak hours. The energy storage system provided in this application embodiment can be any power system that requires energy storage devices.

[0060] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging network provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 1 This application provides a charging network 1000, which includes a charging pile 200 for charging electrical equipment. The charging network 1000 may also include an energy storage device 100 or an energy storage system 2000, which is electrically connected to the charging pile 200 and provides power to the charging pile 200.

[0062] It should be noted that the charging pile 200 is electrically connected to the battery device 110 in the energy storage device 100 via a cable. The battery device 110 can supply its stored electrical energy to the charging pile 200. The charging pile 200 has one or more connectors for connecting to electrical equipment (such as vehicles), thereby enabling it to replenish energy. The application of the energy storage device 100 in this charging network 1000 can effectively improve the reliability of the charging network 1000 and also help to enhance the flexibility of the charging network 1000 during deployment.

[0063] The energy storage device 100 can be located inside the charging pile 200 (e.g., an integrated energy storage and charging unit) or outside the charging pile 200. In a charging network 1000, there can be one charging pile 200, and the energy storage device 100 provides power to one charging pile 200; there can also be multiple charging piles 200, and the energy storage device 100 provides power to multiple charging piles 200.

[0064] The energy storage device 100 may include one or more compartments 120 and a plurality of battery devices 110, wherein the plurality of battery devices 110 are housed in at least one compartment 120 and the battery devices 110 are electrically connected to the charging pile 200 so that the battery devices 110 provide power to the charging pile 200.

[0065] As an example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the charging network 1000 includes an energy storage device 100 and two charging piles 200, with the energy storage device 100 providing power to the two charging piles 200.

[0066] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0067] Please refer to Figure 2 This application provides an energy storage system 2000. The energy storage system 2000 includes a power conversion device 300, which is electrically connected to a power generation device 400 and an energy storage device 100 to convert the electrical power provided by the power generation device 400. The power conversion device 300 converts the electrical energy provided by the power generation device 400 and stores it in the energy storage device 100.

[0068] A power conversion device 300 is used to connect between the power generation device 400 and the energy storage device 100. The power generation device 400 generates electrical energy and stores the generated electrical energy in the energy storage device 100 via the power conversion device. The application of the energy storage device 100 in the energy storage system 2000 can effectively improve the operational reliability of the energy storage system 2000. In specific implementations, the power generation equipment can be solar panels, hydroelectric power generation equipment, thermal power generation equipment, etc. This application does not limit the specific type of power generation equipment.

[0069] like Figure 2 As shown, the energy storage system 2000 includes an energy storage device 100 and a power conversion device 300. Two power generation devices 400 respectively transmit the generated electrical energy to the power conversion device 300, and the power conversion device 300 introduces the electrical energy into the energy storage device 100 for storage.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 3 Some embodiments of this application provide an energy storage device 100, which includes one or more storage chambers 120, arranged along the height direction of the storage chambers 120. The height direction can be the height direction of the storage chamber 120, the length direction of the storage chamber 120, or the width direction of the storage chamber 120.

[0071] The storage unit 120 can be a cabinet or a container, and has an internal cavity that can accommodate other components of the energy storage device 100. The storage unit 120 can have a hexahedral structure. In some embodiments, the energy storage device includes an energy storage container, etc.

[0072] As an example, the storage compartment 120 can be a cuboid structure. The length and width directions of the storage compartment 120 are parallel to the horizontal plane, and the length direction of the storage compartment 120 is parallel to the longest side of its cuboid structure. The height direction of the storage compartment 120 is perpendicular to the ground. For example, the length direction of the storage compartment 120 is represented by X, the width direction by Y, and the height direction by Z. That is, X is the second direction, and Y is the first direction.

[0073] Multiple compartments 120 are arranged along the height direction of the compartments 120, which can be understood as multiple compartments 120 being stacked or connected along the height direction of the compartments 120. This application embodiment is described using the height direction as an example.

[0074] The energy storage device 100 can have any number of compartments 120, either two or more. For example, the energy storage device 100 may include two compartments 120 stacked along the height direction; or, for instance, the energy storage device 100 may include three compartments 120 stacked along the height direction. As an example, the sum of the heights of all the compartments 120 stacked along the height direction is less than or equal to the sum of the heights of eight standard shipping containers stacked together.

[0075] The energy storage device 100 also includes a plurality of battery devices 110, which are used to provide or store electrical energy.

[0076] This application provides an energy storage device 100, including one or more battery clusters 101 to improve the voltage and capacity of the energy storage device. The battery cluster 101 may include multiple battery devices 110, which are connected in series via a busbar to increase the voltage of the energy storage device 100.

[0077] When the energy storage device 100 includes multiple battery clusters, the battery clusters are connected in parallel to increase the capacity of the energy storage device 100. The energy storage device 100 can be used in energy storage power stations, wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, or temporary power supply systems, etc. The energy storage device 100 can store electrical energy as needed and output electrical energy when appropriate. For example, the energy storage device 100 can store electrical energy during off-peak hours and provide power to relevant users or electrical equipment during peak hours. The energy storage system provided in this application embodiment can be any power system that requires the use of the energy storage device 100.

[0078] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 100 is an energy storage container or an energy storage cabinet.

[0079] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the battery device in an energy storage device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0080] refer to Figure 4 The battery device 110 mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include one or more battery cell assemblies 102 for providing voltage and capacity. The battery cell assembly 102 may include a plurality of battery cells 112, which are connected in series, parallel or mixed connection through a busbar.

[0081] In this embodiment of the application, the battery cell 112 can be a secondary battery. A secondary battery refers to a battery cell 112 that can be used again after being discharged by recharging to activate the active material.

[0082] The battery cell 112 can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this.

[0083] As an example, the battery cell 112 can be a cylindrical battery cell 112, a prismatic battery cell 112, a pouch battery cell 112, or a battery cell 112 of other shapes. The prismatic battery cell 112 includes a prismatic battery cell 112, a blade-shaped battery cell 112, and a multi-prismatic battery, such as a hexagonal prismatic battery. There are no particular limitations in this application.

[0084] In some embodiments, the battery cell assembly 102 is typically formed by arranging a plurality of battery cells 112. For example, the battery cell assembly 102 can be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing a plurality of battery cells 112 into an independent module. For example, a battery module can be formed by binding a plurality of battery cells 112 together with cable ties.

[0085] In some embodiments, the battery device 110 may be a battery pack, which includes a housing 111 and one or more battery cell assemblies 102, the battery cell assemblies 102 being housed in the housing 111.

[0086] As an example, the battery cell assembly 102 can be a battery module, which can be housed in the housing 111 by fixing the battery module to the housing 111. As an example, the battery cell assembly 102 can also be housed in the housing 111 by directly fixing multiple battery cells 112 to the housing 111. As an example, the housing 111 can include a first housing 111 and a second housing 111. The first housing 111 and the second housing 111 are fastened together, forming a closed space inside the housing 111 to house the battery cell assembly 102. Here, "closed" refers to covering or closing; it can be sealed or unsealed. The first housing 111 can be a top cover or a bottom plate.

[0087] As an example, the housing 111 may include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and the bottom plate are respectively connected to the frame, so that the interior of the housing 111 forms an enclosed space to accommodate the battery cell assembly 102.

[0088] For example, multiple battery devices 110 are housed within at least one compartment 120. That is, some compartments 120 may contain battery devices 110 while others do not; or all compartments 120 may contain battery devices 110.

[0089] In embodiments where the battery device 110 is housed in a portion of the compartment 120, the battery device 110 may be housed in one compartment 120 or in multiple compartments 120.

[0090] The storage unit 120 contains a plurality of battery devices 110, which may be battery modules or battery packs. In some embodiments, the energy storage device 100 includes a control module for electrically controlling the plurality of battery devices 110 of the energy storage device 100.

[0091] In this embodiment, by setting a control module, the control module can control the electrical energy input or output of the battery device 110, thereby realizing the electrical control of the battery device 110.

[0092] In some embodiments, the battery device 110 further includes a heat exchanger 113, which may be connected to the housing 111 or integrally formed with the housing 111.

[0093] For example, the heat exchanger 113 is disposed at the bottom of the housing 111.

[0094] For example, the heat exchanger 113 may be in the form of a plate, a tube, a sheet, etc.

[0095] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an energy storage device 100 according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an energy storage device 100 according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 7 for Figure 5 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0096] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides an energy storage device 100, including: a housing 120, a battery cluster 101, and a ventilation channel 130. The battery cluster 101 is housed within the housing 120 and includes multiple battery cell assemblies 102 and multiple heat exchangers 113. Along the height direction Z, the battery cell assemblies 102 and heat exchangers 113 are alternately arranged. Each heat exchanger 113 includes a first heat exchange portion 113b and a second heat exchange portion 113a that are connected. At least a portion of the second heat exchange portion 113a is located along the height direction Z on the side of the first heat exchange portion 113b that is away from the ground. The first heat exchange portion 113b is connected to the battery cell assembly 102. At least a portion of the ventilation channel 130 is housed within the housing 120 and is located along the first direction Y on at least one side of the battery cluster 101. The ventilation channel 130 is connected to the second heat exchange portion 113a, and the height direction Z intersects with the first direction Y.

[0097] The first heat exchange section 113b and the second heat exchange section 113a are bent. Exemplarily, the first heat exchange section 113b and the second heat exchange section 113a are plate-shaped and bent at a 90-degree angle. The first heat exchange section 113b and the second heat exchange section 113a can be integrally formed or separately disposed.

[0098] In some examples, the first heat exchange section 113b has a first heat exchange channel, and the second heat exchange section 113a has a second heat exchange channel. The first heat exchange channel and the second heat exchange channel are connected to each other to enable the flow of heat exchange medium.

[0099] The second heat exchange section 113a may be entirely located on one side of the first heat exchange section 113b along the height direction Z, or partially located on one side of the first heat exchange section 113b along the height direction Z. In some examples, the second heat exchange section 113a is located on one side of the first heat exchange section 113b along the second direction X, and the first direction Y, the second direction X, and the height direction Z are all perpendicular to each other. The widths of the first heat exchange section 113b and the second heat exchange section 113a along the first direction Y may be the same or different.

[0100] For example, the second heat exchange section 113a may have one or more.

[0101] The height direction Z refers to the direction perpendicular to the ground, and the energy storage device 100 is installed on the ground along the height direction Z. The second heat exchange section 113a is located on the side of the first heat exchange section 113b away from the ground along the height direction Z, so that at least part of the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange section 113b absorbs heat and vaporizes or is a gas-liquid mixture, rises along the height direction Z and enters the second heat exchange section 113a. After dissipating heat in the second heat exchange section 113a, it is converted into a liquid heat exchange medium and flows back to the first heat exchange section 113b under the action of gravity.

[0102] In some examples, the first heat exchange section 113b is bonded to the battery cell assembly 102 using thermally conductive adhesive. In another example, the first heat exchange section 113b is connected to the battery cell assembly 102 using a snap-fit ​​structure. In yet another example, the first heat exchange section 113b is connected to the battery cell assembly 102 using fasteners such as bolts, screws, etc. As an example, the battery cell assembly 102 includes a plurality of battery cells 112, each battery cell 112 having a pressure relief mechanism, and the first heat exchange section 113b is located on the side of the battery cell 112 opposite to the pressure relief mechanism.

[0103] In one example, the orthographic projection of the battery cell assembly 102 is located within the first heat exchange section 113b in a plane perpendicular to the height direction Z.

[0104] Ventilation channel 130 refers to a channel structure for airflow to achieve heat exchange. Exemplarily, ventilation channel 130 can be tubular, trough-shaped, cavity-shaped, etc. In some examples, ventilation channel 130 can be made of metal, plastic, composite materials, etc.

[0105] For example, the ventilation duct 130 may be entirely contained within the housing 120, or at least one end of it may extend out of the housing 120 along the height direction Z.

[0106] For example, the ventilation channel 130 is located on one or both sides of the battery cluster 101 along the first direction Y.

[0107] In one example, the first direction Y can be the width direction of the energy storage device 100, and the second direction X can be the length direction of the energy storage device 100. In another example, the first direction Y can be the length direction of the energy storage device 100, and the second direction X can be the width direction of the energy storage device 100.

[0108] In one example, at least a portion of the second heat exchange section 113a is inserted into the ventilation passage 130. In another example, the second heat exchange section 113a is welded to the sidewall of the ventilation passage 130. In yet another example, the second heat exchange section 113a is connected to the ventilation passage 130 via a flange structure.

[0109] As an example, the second heat exchange section 113a is in contact with the wall surface of the ventilation channel 130. This increases the heat exchange area and improves heat exchange efficiency.

[0110] In this embodiment, the battery cluster 101 is ventilated and cooled through the ventilation channel 130, eliminating the need for complex liquid cooling pipes and power equipment, thus reducing the energy consumption of the cooling system. The second heat exchange section 113a of the heat exchange element 113 is at least partially disposed along the height direction Z on the side of the first heat exchange section 113b away from the ground, allowing the heat exchange medium to achieve natural circulation by gravity, further reducing additional power consumption. The ventilation channel 130 is directly connected to the second heat exchange section 113a, enabling the ventilation airflow to directly exchange heat with the heat exchange element 113, shortening the heat exchange path, improving heat dissipation efficiency, and improving the overall energy storage efficiency of the energy storage device 100. At the same time, it is beneficial for the battery cell assembly 102 to work stably at a suitable temperature, thus improving the working reliability of the battery cell assembly 102.

[0111] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage device 100 further includes a heat exchange medium, which is contained in a heat exchange element 113, and the total volume of the heat exchange element 113 is greater than the volume of the liquid heat exchange medium; the heat exchange medium includes a phase change material.

[0112] The heat exchange medium can circulate between the first heat exchange section 113b and the second heat exchange section 113a. For example, the heat exchange medium can be in a liquid, gas, or gas-liquid two-phase mixture state.

[0113] A gas phase space is reserved inside the heat exchanger 113. Exemplarily, the gas phase space can be located at the top of the second heat exchange channel or distributed throughout the entire heat exchanger 113. In some examples, the volume of the gas phase space can account for 10%, 20%, 30%, etc. of the total volume of the heat exchanger 113.

[0114] Phase change materials (PCMs) are materials that absorb or release latent heat through a change of state. For example, PCMs can be liquid-gas PCMs, which utilize the phase change between a liquid and a gaseous state for heat exchange. In some examples, the types of PCMs can be alkanes, alcohols, Freons, ethylene glycol solutions, refrigerants such as R134a and R245fa, etc.

[0115] As an example, the heat exchange medium can be a mixture of alkanes, stearic acid, a mixture of nitrates, etc.

[0116] In one example, the phase change material absorbs heat from the battery assembly in the first heat exchange section 113b, changing from a liquid state to a gaseous state or a gas-liquid mixture. After its density decreases, it rises along the height direction Z into the second heat exchange section 113a. In the second heat exchange section 113a, it exchanges heat with the airflow of the ventilation channel 130, releases heat, changes from a gaseous state to a liquid state, and after its density increases, it flows back to the first heat exchange section 113b along the second heat exchange section 113a under the action of gravity, completing one cycle.

[0117] As an example, phase change materials can be entirely pure substances or mixtures of multiple phase change materials. In some examples, thermally conductive particles, such as metal particles or graphite particles, can be added to the phase change material to improve the thermal conductivity of the heat exchange medium.

[0118] In this embodiment, the total volume of the heat exchanger 113 is greater than the volume of the liquid heat exchange medium, providing sufficient space for the heat exchange medium to vaporize upon heating, thus reducing the risk of deformation of the heat exchanger 113 due to excessive internal pressure. The heat exchange medium is a phase change material. After absorbing heat from the battery cell assembly 102, the liquid heat exchange medium vaporizes and enters the second heat exchange section 113a, where it exchanges heat with the ventilation channel 130 for cooling. It then converts to a liquid state and flows back to the first heat exchange section 113b to absorb heat again, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the battery cell assembly 102.

[0119] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage device 100 includes a plurality of ventilation channels 130 along a first direction Y, the plurality of ventilation channels 130 being located on both sides of the battery cluster 101, and at least a portion of the plurality of ventilation channels 130 being connected to a second heat exchange section 113a.

[0120] For example, the number of ventilation channels 130 can be two, four, six, etc. The cross-sectional dimensions of the multiple ventilation channels 130 along the first direction Y can be the same or different.

[0121] In one example, the first direction Y is the width direction of the energy storage device 100, namely the left and right sides of the battery cluster 101. In another example, the first direction Y is the length direction of the energy storage device 100, namely the front and rear sides of the battery cluster 101. The number of ventilation channels 130 located on both sides of the battery cluster 101 can be equal or unequal.

[0122] In one example, all ventilation channels 130 are connected to the corresponding second heat exchanger 113a, meaning that each ventilation channel 130 is connected to one or more second heat exchangers 113a. In another example, only the ventilation channels 130 located on one side of the battery cluster 101 are connected to the second heat exchanger 113a, while the ventilation channels 130 on the other side are used for auxiliary heat dissipation or as backup.

[0123] Multiple ventilation channels 130 can be set up independently or connected to each other. In one example, each ventilation channel 130 is an independent cavity with its own air inlet and outlet. In another example, the bottoms or tops of multiple ventilation channels 130 are connected to each other through a connecting pipe, so that the air pressure in each ventilation channel 130 tends to be uniform.

[0124] In this embodiment, multiple ventilation channels 130 are arranged on both sides of the battery cluster 101 along the first direction Y, which can simultaneously exchange heat with the second heat exchange section 113a on both sides of the battery cluster 101, increase the overall heat exchange area, and improve the overall heat dissipation capacity. The arrangement of multiple ventilation channels 130 can improve the uniformity of the lateral temperature distribution of the battery cluster 101, reduce the temperature difference between different battery cell components 102, improve the working consistency of the battery cluster 101, and reduce the risk of performance degradation of battery cell components 102 due to local overheating.

[0125] Furthermore, in one embodiment of this application, the heat exchanger 113 includes two second heat exchange sections 113a, which are connected to the two ends of the first heat exchange section 113b along the first direction Y; the two second heat exchange sections 113a are respectively connected to a plurality of ventilation channels 130.

[0126] The two second heat exchange sections 113a can be arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically.

[0127] In one example, the first heat exchange section 113b is a horizontally arranged flat plate, and the two second heat exchange sections 113a extend upward from the left and right ends of the first heat exchange section 113b, respectively, forming a vertically arranged flat plate. The first heat exchange section 113b and the second heat exchange section 113a are bent at a 90-degree angle, and the whole is U-shaped or trough-shaped. The first heat exchange channel is connected to both second heat exchange channels, and the heat exchange medium can flow between the first heat exchange channel and the two second heat exchange channels.

[0128] In one example, the second heat exchanger 113a and the first heat exchanger 113b are integrally formed, such as by extrusion molding, stamping, bending, or other processes. In another example, the second heat exchanger 113a and the first heat exchanger 113b are separate structures connected by welding, such as brazing or laser welding.

[0129] For example, each second heat exchange section 113a is connected to a corresponding ventilation channel 130. In one example, each second heat exchange section 113a is connected to one ventilation channel 130, i.e., the left second heat exchange section 113a is connected to the left ventilation channel 130, and the right second heat exchange section 113a is connected to the right ventilation channel 130. In another example, each second heat exchange section 113a is connected to two or more ventilation channels 130, and the multiple ventilation channels 130 are arranged side by side along the second direction X.

[0130] In one example, in a plane perpendicular to the first direction Y, the orthographic projection of the second heat exchange section 113a is at least partially located within the orthographic projection of the ventilation channel 130, such that the heat exchange surface of the second heat exchange section 113a can fully contact the airflow within the ventilation channel 130.

[0131] In this embodiment, the heat exchanger 113 is provided with two second heat exchange sections 113a and is respectively connected to the two ends of the first heat exchange section 113b. It can simultaneously contact and exchange heat with both sides of the battery cell assembly 102, increasing the contact area between the heat exchanger 113 and the battery cell assembly 102 and improving the heat dissipation capacity of a single battery cell assembly 102. The two second heat exchange sections 113a are respectively connected to the ventilation channels 130 on both sides, so that heat can be simultaneously discharged from both sides of the battery cell assembly 102, improving the uniformity of temperature distribution inside the battery cell assembly 102 and reducing the risk of thermal stress caused by excessive local temperature difference in the battery cell assembly 102.

[0132] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage device 100 includes a plurality of battery clusters 101 arranged along a second direction X, and a ventilation channel 130 opposite to the plurality of battery clusters 101. The second direction X, the first direction Y and the height direction Z are perpendicular to each other.

[0133] The spacing between multiple battery clusters 101 along the second direction X can be equal or unequal. The second direction X refers to the direction perpendicular to both the first direction Y and the height direction Z. In one example, the first direction Y is the width direction of the energy storage device 100, and the second direction X is the length direction of the energy storage device 100.

[0134] In one example, multiple battery clusters 101 are arranged in a single column along the second direction X, with gaps between adjacent battery clusters 101 for wiring or maintenance. In another example, multiple battery clusters 101 are arranged in two columns along the second direction X, with a maintenance passage between the two columns.

[0135] "Relative" means that the ventilation channel 130 is arranged facing the battery cluster 101 and can exchange heat with the second heat exchange section 113a of the battery cluster 101. In one example, a ventilation channel 130 extends along the second direction X, and the length of the ventilation channel 130 covers multiple battery clusters 101, while being opposite to the second heat exchange section 113a of multiple battery clusters 101, that is, multiple battery clusters 101 share a single ventilation channel 130. In another example, each battery cluster 101 is provided with an independent ventilation channel 130, and the ventilation channels 130 are arranged side by side along the second direction X, with each ventilation channel 130 being opposite only to the second heat exchange section 113a of the corresponding battery cluster 101.

[0136] In one example, in a plane perpendicular to the second direction X, the orthographic projection of the ventilation channel 130 is at least partially located within the orthographic projection of the battery cluster 101, which facilitates the connection and maintenance of the battery cell assembly 102 and also facilitates gas flow between the battery cell assemblies 102.

[0137] In this embodiment, the ventilation channel 130 is opposite to the multiple battery clusters 101, which can realize heat exchange of the multiple battery clusters 101 and improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0138] Specifically, in one embodiment of this application, the battery device 110 includes a plurality of ventilation channels 130, each ventilation channel 130 being opposite to a battery cluster 101 on one side.

[0139] Each ventilation channel 130 is arranged facing a battery cluster 101. A battery cluster 101 can correspond to one ventilation channel 130 or two ventilation channels 130 arranged on both sides of the battery cluster 101.

[0140] In one example, multiple battery clusters 101 are arranged in a row along the second direction X, and multiple ventilation channels 130 are arranged side by side along the second direction X. Each ventilation channel 130 is located on one side of the corresponding battery cluster 101 and is opposite to the battery cluster 101 along the first direction Y.

[0141] In this embodiment, each ventilation channel 130 is opposite to each battery cluster 101, which can realize independent ventilation and heat dissipation for each battery cluster 101, reduce interference, improve sealing, and accurately allocate the required ventilation volume of each battery cluster 101, thereby improving the heat dissipation uniformity between different battery clusters 101. At the same time, when a single battery cluster 101 generates abnormal heat, the ventilation state of the corresponding ventilation channel 130 can be adjusted accordingly, thereby improving the flexibility and reliability of the heat dissipation system.

[0142] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of another example of an energy storage device 100 from another perspective, representing one of the embodiments of this application.

[0143] like Figure 8 As shown, in some optional embodiments of this application, the storage body 120 includes an energy storage compartment 122, the energy storage compartment 122 includes a first compartment door 121, the first compartment door 121 is located on one side of the energy storage compartment 122 along the first direction Y, and the ventilation channel 130 is located on the side of the battery cluster 101 away from the first compartment door 121 along the first direction Y.

[0144] In some examples, the number of energy storage compartments 122 can be one or more. When there are multiple energy storage compartments 122, they can be arranged side by side along the first direction Y or the second direction X.

[0145] The first door 121 refers to a door structure installed on the energy storage compartment 122 for opening or closing the energy storage compartment 122. After opening the first door 121, the battery cluster 101 inside the energy storage compartment 122 can be installed, maintained, or replaced. In one example, the first direction Y is the width direction of the energy storage device 100, and the first door 121 is located on the front or rear side of the energy storage compartment 122 along the width direction.

[0146] For example, the number of first compartment doors 121 is the same as the number of battery clusters 101. As an example, the first compartment door 121 may be equipped with structures such as a door lock, handle, observation window, and ventilation section. As an example, in a plane perpendicular to the second direction X, the orthographic projection of the ventilation channel 130 is located inside the first compartment door 121.

[0147] In this embodiment, it facilitates the placement and maintenance of battery cell components 102 within the energy storage compartment 122, while reducing space occupation and increasing energy density.

[0148] In some embodiments, the storage unit 120 includes an electrical compartment, which is separated from the energy storage compartment 122.

[0149] For example, the electrical compartment and the energy storage compartment 122 are arranged separately along the second direction X.

[0150] In one embodiment of this application, the silo 120 includes an energy storage silo 122, which is separated from the ventilation channel 130.

[0151] The separation setting means that the energy storage chamber 122 and the ventilation channel 130 are separated from each other, and the cavities of the two are not directly connected. Airflow cannot directly enter the energy storage chamber 122 from the ventilation channel 130, nor can it directly enter the ventilation channel 130 from the energy storage chamber 122.

[0152] As an example, ventilation duct 130 is housed within energy storage compartment 122.

[0153] In another example, a sealing structure is provided between the energy storage compartment 122 and the ventilation channel 130 to enhance the separation effect. The sealing structure can be a sealing strip, sealant, gasket, etc., and is provided at the connection between the partition and the compartment 120, or at the junction of the energy storage compartment 122 and the ventilation channel 130, to prevent airflow from leaking out from the gaps.

[0154] In this embodiment, the energy storage chamber 122 and the ventilation channel 130 are separated, which can prevent the airflow in the ventilation channel 130 from directly entering the energy storage chamber 122, maintain the stability of the internal temperature field of the energy storage chamber 122, and reduce the direct impact of airflow on the battery cell assembly 102; at the same time, it blocks dust and moisture in the ventilation channel 130 from entering the energy storage chamber 122, improves the sealing level of the energy storage chamber 122, reduces the risk of the battery cell assembly 102 being contaminated or damp, and improves the operational safety and service life of the battery cell assembly 102.

[0155] Figure 9 for Figure 7 An enlarged view of an example structure at point Q; Figure 10 for Figure 7 A magnified view of another example structure at point Q.

[0156] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, in some optional embodiments of this application, the ventilation channel 130 is provided with a receiving port 134, at least a portion of the second heat exchange section 113a is received in the receiving port 134 and is connected to the side wall of the receiving port 134.

[0157] For example, the receiving port 134 can be rectangular, circular, elliptical, oval, etc. In some examples, the number of receiving ports 134 can correspond to the number of second heat exchange sections 113a, that is, each second heat exchange section 113a corresponds to one receiving port 134.

[0158] In one example, a receiving opening 134 is formed on the side wall of the ventilation duct 130 by a stamping process. The edge of the receiving opening 134 may be provided with a flange, which bends inward or outward towards the ventilation duct 130 to enhance structural strength. In another example, the ventilation duct 130 is assembled from multiple plates, with the receiving opening 134 pre-installed during assembly. In yet another example, the receiving opening 134 is a pre-machined standard interface, fixed to the side wall of the ventilation duct 130 by welding or bolting.

[0159] In one example, a portion of the second heat exchange section 113a extends into the interior of the ventilation channel 130 through the receiving port 134, while another portion is located outside the ventilation channel 130 and connected to the first heat exchange section 113b.

[0160] In another example, the second heat exchange section 113a is entirely housed within the receiving port 134, and the outer surface of the second heat exchange section 113a is flush with the side wall surface of the ventilation channel 130, that is, the second heat exchange section 113a does not protrude from the inner wall surface of the ventilation channel 130, nor does it protrude from the outer wall surface of the ventilation channel 130.

[0161] The sidewall of the receiving port 134 is the circumferential sidewall of the opening. The second heat exchange part 113a is connected to the sidewall of the receiving port 134, which can achieve fixation and sealing between the second heat exchange part 113a and the ventilation channel 130. In one example, the second heat exchange part 113a is welded to the sidewall of the receiving port 134, such as by brazing or argon arc welding, and a sealed connection is formed between the two after welding to prevent air leakage. In another example, a sealing gasket, such as a rubber gasket or silicone gasket, is provided between the second heat exchange part 113a and the sidewall of the receiving port 134, and the connection is tightened by fasteners such as bolts or clamps to achieve a seal.

[0162] In this embodiment, the second heat exchange section 113a is housed in the receiving port 134 of the ventilation channel 130, so that the second heat exchange section 113a is in direct contact with the air in the ventilation channel 130, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0163] Further, refer to Figure 10 In some embodiments of this application, the second heat exchange section 113a includes a main body section 1131 and a fin section 1132. The main body section 1131 connects the first heat exchange section 113b and the fin section 1132. At least a portion of the main body section 1131 is accommodated in a receiving port 134 and is connected to the side wall of the receiving port 134. At least a portion of the fin section 1132 protrudes from the main body section 1131 along the first direction Y and is accommodated in a ventilation channel 130.

[0164] The main body 1131 refers to the part in the second heat exchange section 113a that plays a major connecting and supporting role, and is the main structure of the second heat exchange section 113a. The fins 1132 refer to the fin-shaped structures in the second heat exchange section 113a used to increase the heat exchange area and enhance heat exchange. The main body 1131 plays a connecting role, transferring the heat from the first heat exchange section 113b to the fins 1132, and then exchanging heat with the airflow in the ventilation channel 130 through the fins 1132.

[0165] For example, the main body 1131 can be columnar, block-shaped, plate-shaped, etc. In some examples, the cross-sectional shape of the main body 1131 can be rectangular, circular, I-shaped, L-shaped, etc. A second heat exchange channel can be provided inside the main body 1131.

[0166] For example, the fins 1132 can be sheet-like, needle-like, corrugated, serrated, etc. The number of fins 1132 can be one or more. In one example, the main body 1131, the first heat exchange part 113b, and the fins 1132 are integrally formed, such as through extrusion molding, die casting, or other processes, with no seams between them, resulting in good thermal conductivity. In another example, the fins 1132 are fixed to the main body 1131 by welding, such as brazing or laser welding.

[0167] In one example, a portion of the main body 1131 extends through the receiving port 134 into the interior of the ventilation channel 130, while another portion is located outside the ventilation channel 130 and connected to the first heat exchange section 113b. The outer peripheral surface of the main body 1131 is connected to the sidewall of the receiving port 134, such as by welding or sealing.

[0168] "Protruding" means that the wing portion 1132 extends outward along the first direction Y, beyond the range of the main body portion 1131. In one example, the wing portion 1132 protrudes into the ventilation channel 130 along the first direction Y, that is, the wing portion 1132 extends from the main body portion 1131 into the cavity of the ventilation channel 130. The wing portion 1132 is located inside the cavity of the ventilation channel 130 and can directly contact the airflow within the ventilation channel 130 for heat exchange.

[0169] In another example, the wing 1132 extends along the airflow direction of the ventilation channel 130, and the extension direction of the wing 1132 is parallel to or at a certain angle to the airflow direction.

[0170] In this embodiment, the second heat exchange section 113a is provided with fins 1132, and the fins 1132 at least partially protrude from the main body section 1131 and are accommodated in the ventilation channel 130. This can significantly increase the contact area between the second heat exchange section 113a and the airflow in the ventilation channel 130, enhance the convective heat transfer effect, and improve the heat dissipation capacity of the second heat exchange section 113a. The connection between the main body section 1131 and the side wall of the receiving port 134 ensures structural stability, and the fins 1132 extend into the ventilation channel 130 to fully contact the airflow, taking into account both structural reliability and heat exchange efficiency.

[0171] In one embodiment, along the first direction Y, the length of the wing 1132 protruding from the main body 1131 is less than or equal to half the width of the ventilation channel 130. This reduces the airflow resistance of the wing 1132.

[0172] In an optional embodiment of this application, the wing portion 1132 includes a plurality of fins 1133 spaced apart along the height direction Z, and the fins 1133 are provided with flow guide holes 1134, and the flow guide holes 1134 of the plurality of fins 1133 are staggered.

[0173] For example, the fins 1133 can be rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, corrugated, etc. In some examples, the shape of the fins 1133 can be flat, bent, serrated, etc. In one example, multiple fins 1133 are arranged in parallel or intersecting directions along the height direction Z, with equal or unequal spacing.

[0174] A flow guide hole 1134 refers to a hole formed on the fin 1133 to guide airflow through. Airflow can pass through the flow guide hole 1134 and flow from one side of the fin 1133 to the other. Exemplarily, the flow guide hole 1134 can be circular, elliptical, rectangular, oval, etc. In some examples, the number of flow guide holes 1134 can be one, two, three, or more.

[0175] The staggered arrangement refers to the fact that the guide holes 1134 on adjacent fins 1133 are staggered and not on the same axis. This ensures that after the airflow passes through the guide hole 1134 of the first fin 1133, it will not pass directly through the guide hole 1134 of the second fin 1133, but will instead impact the solid part of the second fin 1133. This prolongs the flow path of the airflow between the fins 1133, increases the heat exchange time between the airflow and the fins 1133, and improves the heat exchange efficiency.

[0176] In this embodiment, the fins 1133 are provided with guide holes 1134, which can guide the airflow through the fins 1133, break the dead zone of airflow between the fins 1133, and increase the contact area between the airflow and the fins 1133. The guide holes 1134 of the multiple fins 1133 are staggered, which can prolong the flow path of the airflow between the fins 1133, increase the heat exchange time between the airflow and the fins 1133, further improve the heat exchange efficiency of the fin 1132, and enable the second heat exchange part 113a to transfer heat to the ventilation airflow more quickly.

[0177] Figure 11 This is a structural schematic diagram of the ventilation channel 130 of the energy storage device 100 according to some embodiments of this application.

[0178] like Figure 5 and Figure 11 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the ventilation channel 130 includes a ventilation cavity 131, a first ventilation opening 132 and a second ventilation opening 133. The first ventilation opening 132 and the second ventilation opening 133 are arranged along the height direction Z and are both connected to the ventilation cavity 131.

[0179] The first vent 132 and the second vent 133 refer to two ventilation openings on the ventilation channel 130. Airflow enters from one vent and exits from the other, forming a ventilation loop. For example, the first vent 132 can be an air inlet for outside air to enter the ventilation cavity 131; the second vent 133 can be an air outlet for air inside the ventilation cavity 131 to be discharged to the outside. Alternatively, the first vent 132 can be an air outlet, and the second vent 133 can be an air inlet, with airflow in opposite directions.

[0180] In one example, the first vent 132 and the second vent 133 are directly formed on the wall of the ventilation cavity 131, that is, an opening is formed on the wall of the ventilation cavity 131 to form a vent. In another example, the first vent 132 and the second vent 133 are connected to the ventilation cavity 131 through a short pipe, one end of which is connected to the ventilation cavity 131, and the other end is open to form a vent. The short pipe can be a straight pipe or a bent pipe.

[0181] For example, the ventilation cavity 131 can be rectangular, cylindrical, prismatic, or irregular in shape. In some examples, the cross-sectional area of ​​the ventilation cavity 131 can remain constant along the height direction Z, or it can gradually change, such as gradually increasing or decreasing the cross-sectional area from bottom to top. The inner wall of the ventilation cavity 131 can be a smooth surface, or it can be provided with an uneven structure to increase disturbance.

[0182] In some examples, the first vent 132 and the second vent 133 can be rectangular, circular, louvered, grille-shaped, etc. Grilles, filters, louvers, or other structures can be provided at the first vent 132 and the second vent 133 to prevent debris from entering or to regulate airflow. The dimensions of the first vent 132 and the second vent 133 can be the same or different.

[0183] Arranged along the height direction Z, this means that the two vents are spaced apart in the height direction Z and located at different heights in the ventilation channel 130. In one example, the first vent 132 is located at the lower part of the ventilation channel 130, and the second vent 133 is located at the upper part of the ventilation channel 130, with airflow flowing from bottom to top.

[0184] The first vent 132 and the second vent 133 may be located on one side of the ventilation cavity 131, or on different sides.

[0185] In this embodiment, the first vent 132 and the second vent 133 are arranged along the height direction Z, which can enhance the natural convection effect in the ventilation cavity 131 by utilizing the chimney effect. Even without the fan 150, a certain amount of ventilation and heat dissipation can be achieved, reducing system energy consumption. The airflow flows through the ventilation cavity 131 along the height direction Z, and can fully contact and exchange heat with the second heat exchange section 113a at different heights, avoiding airflow short circuit and improving the overall heat exchange efficiency of the ventilation channel 130.

[0186] The chimney effect refers to the phenomenon where the air in the ventilation cavity 131 becomes less dense after being heated, and flows upward under the influence of buoyancy, exiting through the upper vent. Cooler outside air enters through the lower vent, creating a natural circulation. This effect can achieve a certain level of ventilation and heat dissipation even without the fan 150, thus reducing system energy consumption.

[0187] In some alternative embodiments of this application, at least one of the first vent 132 and the second vent 133 is located on one side of the ventilation cavity 131 along the first direction Y.

[0188] In one example, the first direction Y is the width direction of the energy storage device 100, and one side of the ventilation cavity 131 is either the front or rear side of the ventilation cavity 131 along the width direction. As an example, the first vent 132 and / or the second vent 133 are opened on the front side wall of the ventilation cavity 131, which may be the side where the first door 121 is located. The first door 121 has an opening position opposite to and the same as the vent.

[0189] In one example, the first vent 132 is located on one side of the ventilation cavity 131 along the first direction Y, that is, the first vent 132 is opened on the side wall of the ventilation cavity 131; the second vent 133 is located on the top of the ventilation cavity 131 along the height direction Z, that is, the second vent 133 is opened on the top wall of the ventilation cavity 131. In this way, the air inlet is side-mounted and the air outlet is top-mounted, the airflow enters from the side, flows upward and then exits from the top.

[0190] In another example, the first vent 132 and the second vent 133 are both located on the same side of the ventilation cavity 131 along the first direction Y, arranged vertically. That is, both vents are opened on the same side wall of the ventilation cavity 131, one at the top and one at the bottom. Airflow enters from the lower vent, flows upward along the side wall, and exits from the upper vent.

[0191] In this embodiment, at least one of the first vent 132 and the second vent 133 is disposed on one side of the ventilation cavity 131 along the first direction Y. Compared with the first vent 132 and the second vent 133 being located on the same side of the ventilation cavity 131, the wind resistance is reduced, so that the exhaust is smooth without power drive, more heat is taken away, and wind noise is reduced.

[0192] like Figure 5 , 7 As shown in Figure 11, in a specific embodiment of this application, the first vent 132 is located on one side of the ventilation cavity 131 along the first direction Y, and the second vent 133 is located on one side of the ventilation cavity 131 along the height direction Z; the energy storage device 100 also includes a ventilation component 140, which is disposed on the side of the chamber 120 away from the ground along the height direction Z and is connected to the second vent 133.

[0193] Ventilation component 140 refers to a component installed on the top of the compartment 120 to guide airflow. It can also be called a vent cap or exhaust cap. The ventilation component 140 is installed along the height direction Z on the side of the compartment 120 away from the ground, that is, on the top of the compartment 120.

[0194] For example, the ventilation component 140 can be in the shape of a cap, cylinder, balloon, umbrella, etc. In some examples, the type of ventilation component 140 can be a natural ventilation cap, a non-powered ventilator cap, a powered ventilator cap, a rainproof louver, an axial flow ventilator cap, etc. The material of the ventilation component 140 can be a metal material, a plastic material, a composite material, etc.

[0195] In one example, the ventilation component 140 is located outside the chamber 120, that is, at the top of the chamber 120 along the height direction Z. The chamber 120 has holes for the ventilation component 140 to connect and communicate with the second ventilation port 133.

[0196] In this embodiment, the arrangement of the first vent 132 being placed on the side and the second vent 133 being placed on top further enhances the chimney effect and improves natural ventilation capacity. A ventilation component 140 connected to the second vent 133 is provided on the top of the silo 120, which can help guide the airflow out, taking into account both low-energy operation under low load and efficient heat dissipation under high load, thereby improving the adaptability of the heat dissipation system.

[0197] In addition, continue to refer to Figure 11 In one embodiment of this application, the energy storage device 100 further includes a fan 150, which is disposed on one side of the housing 120 along the height direction Z and communicates with the ventilation cavity 131; the axis of the fan 150 along the height direction Z is offset from the axis of the ventilation component 140 along the height direction Z.

[0198] Fan 150 is a device used to drive airflow, providing power to make air flow within ventilation duct 130, thereby enhancing heat exchange. The airflow or power generated by fan 150 is transmitted to ventilation component 140, causing ventilation component 140 to rotate, thereby enhancing the exhaust effect.

[0199] As an example, the fan 150 is installed at the bottom of the silo 120.

[0200] In some examples, the type of fan 150 can be a centrifugal fan 150, an axial fan 150, a mixed-flow fan 150, an oblique-flow fan 150, etc. As an example, a ventilation duct 130 can be provided with two ventilation components 140, and the axis of either ventilation component 140 is offset from the axis of the fan 150.

[0201] In one example, the airflow output by the fan 150 blows the blades of the ventilation component 140, causing the ventilation component 140 to rotate, i.e., pneumatic drive. In another example, the negative pressure generated by the fan 150 drives the ventilation component 140 to rotate and exhaust air, i.e., the fan 150 draws air to create a negative pressure inside the ventilation component 140, causing the ventilation component 140 to rotate.

[0202] The axis refers to the central axis of the fan 150 or ventilation component 140 along the height direction Z, i.e., the rotation center axis. Offset setting means that the two axes do not coincide and have a certain offset distance on the horizontal plane.

[0203] In this embodiment, the fan 150 and the ventilation component 140 are offset along the Z-axis in the height direction. This allows the airflow generated by the fan 150 to be fully diffused and rectified inside the ventilation component 140 before entering the ventilation channel 130. This improves the uniformity of the airflow velocity distribution at the inlet and outlet of the ventilation component 140, making the airflow distribution in different lateral areas within the ventilation channel 130 more balanced and enhancing the heat exchange consistency of the second heat exchange section 113a at each location. At the same time, it can reduce local eddies in the central area, reduce airflow resistance, and improve the overall ventilation efficiency of the ventilation system. Under the same fan 150 power, a larger effective ventilation volume can be obtained, further reducing the energy consumption of the heat dissipation system.

[0204] Figure 12 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the battery device 110 according to some embodiments of this application.

[0205] Specifically, such as Figure 12 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the ventilation channel 130 further includes a baffle 135, which is accommodated within the ventilation cavity 131.

[0206] The turbulence element 135 refers to a component used to disrupt airflow, disrupt the laminar boundary layer, and enhance heat transfer; it can also be called a turbulence generator, vortex generator, etc. There can be one or more turbulence elements 135.

[0207] For example, the spoiler 135 can be plate-shaped, column-shaped, spherical, wing-shaped, serrated, etc. In some examples, the spoiler 135 can be a spoiler plate, spoiler column, vortex generator, deflector, etc. The material of the spoiler 135 can be metal, plastic, cloth, composite material, etc.

[0208] In one example, the baffle 135 is fixed to the inner wall of the ventilation channel 130 by welding, bonding, bolting, or other methods. Exemplarily, the baffle 135 can be fixed to the front, rear, left, or right side wall of the ventilation cavity 131. In another example, the baffle 135 is suspended inside the ventilation cavity 131, such as by a hanger or bracket suspended from the top or side wall of the ventilation cavity 131, with the baffle 135 suspended in the airflow.

[0209] In this embodiment, a turbulence element 135 is provided in the ventilation cavity 131, which can disrupt the laminar boundary layer of the airflow, causing the airflow to form a turbulent state, increasing the heat transfer coefficient between the airflow and the surface of the second heat exchange section 113a, and enhancing the convective heat transfer effect.

[0210] In some embodiments of this application, the ventilation channel 130 includes a plurality of baffles 135. Along the height direction Z, the plurality of baffles 135 are spaced apart. In a plane perpendicular to the first direction Y, the orthographic projection of each baffle 135 coincides at least partially with the orthographic projection of each battery cell assembly 102.

[0211] The spacing between the multiple spoilers 135 can be equal or unequal. Orthographic projection refers to the projection of an object onto a plane perpendicular to the first direction Y, i.e., the projection when viewed along the first direction Y. At least partial overlap means that the projections of the spoilers 135 and the battery assembly overlap to some extent.

[0212] In one example, the orthographic projection of the spoiler 135 completely coincides with the orthographic projection of the battery assembly, meaning the projection of the spoiler 135 falls entirely within the projection area of ​​the battery assembly. In another example, the orthographic projection of the spoiler 135 partially coincides with the orthographic projection of the battery assembly, and the overlapping area can account for 30%, 50%, 80%, etc., of the projected area of ​​the battery assembly.

[0213] In one example, the number of spoilers 135 is equal to the number of battery components, with a one-to-one correspondence, meaning one spoiler 135 corresponds to one battery component.

[0214] In this embodiment, the baffle 135 can guide the airflow to the second heat exchange section 113a, increase the effective contact area between the airflow and the second heat exchange section 113a, and further improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the ventilation channel 130.

[0215] In some embodiments of this application, along the first direction Y, one end of the baffle 135 is connected to the side of the ventilation channel 130 away from the second heat exchange section 113a; the other end of the baffle 135 has an inclined tendency from the first vent 132 to the second vent 133.

[0216] In one example, the first direction Y is the width direction of the energy storage device 100, the second heat exchange section 113a is located on the right side wall of the ventilation channel 130, that is, on the side close to the battery cluster 101, the left end of the turbulence member 135 is connected to the left side wall of the ventilation channel 130, that is, on the side away from the second heat exchange section 113a, and the right end extends to the right, towards the second heat exchange section 113a.

[0217] The tilting trend refers to the free end of the baffle 135 being tilted relative to the fixed end, with the tilt direction pointing from the first vent 132 to the second vent 133, i.e., tilting along the direction of airflow. In one example, the first vent 132 is located at the lower part of the ventilation cavity 131, and the second vent 133 is located at the upper part of the ventilation cavity 131, with airflow flowing from bottom to top. The lower end, i.e., the fixed end, of the baffle 135 is connected to the side wall of the ventilation channel 130, while the upper end, i.e., the free end, tilts upward, meaning the baffle 135 gradually rises from the fixed end to the free end, with the tilt direction consistent with the airflow direction.

[0218] In one example, the angle between the spoiler 135 and the horizontal direction is 10 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees, etc. The spoiler 135 can be tilted in a straight line or in an arc.

[0219] In this embodiment, one end of the baffle 135 is connected to the side of the ventilation channel 130 away from the second heat exchange section 113a, and the other end has an inclined tendency from the first vent 132 to the second vent 133. This can guide the airflow to flow towards the second heat exchange section 113a along the inclined direction, reduce airflow resistance, and reduce the operating energy consumption of the fan 150. At the same time, it avoids the formation of an airflow dead zone on the back of the baffle 135, so that the airflow can fully cover the surface of the second heat exchange section 113a, and improve the uniformity and effectiveness of the baffle heat exchange.

[0220] An embodiment of this application also provides an energy storage system 2000, including the energy storage device 100 of the above embodiment, the energy storage device 100 being used for electrical connection to the power generation device 400.

[0221] An embodiment of this application also provides a charging network 1000, including: the energy storage device 100 and the charging pile 200 described in the above embodiments, wherein the energy storage device 100 is used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile 200.

[0222] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage device 100 further includes a second heating element located within the battery cell assembly 102 and between adjacent battery cells 112.

[0223] As an example, the second heating element can be a heating film.

[0224] In this embodiment, the battery cell 112 is heated by the second heating element so that the battery cell assembly 102 is at a suitable operating temperature in a low-temperature environment.

[0225] Figure 13 This is another partial structural schematic diagram of the battery device 110 according to some embodiments of this application.

[0226] refer to Figure 13 In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage device 100 further includes a first heating element 151, which is at least partially located within the ventilation channel 130 for heating the air within the ventilation channel 130.

[0227] As an example, the first heating element 151 can be a heater, such as a PTC heater.

[0228] For example, the first heating element 151 is entirely located within the ventilation cavity 131, or the first heating element 151 is installed in the first ventilation opening 132.

[0229] In this embodiment, the first heating element 151 heats the air in the ventilation channel 130, thereby heating the energy storage device 100, which helps the battery cell assembly 102 to be at a suitable operating temperature in a low-temperature environment.

[0230] Some embodiments of this application provide a thermal management method, including: The temperature of the battery cell 112 within the battery cell assembly 102 is obtained.

[0231] Select the adjustment mode until the temperature of the battery cell 112 reaches the preset value.

[0232] For example, the adjustment modes include low temperature heating mode, natural cooling mode, active air cooling mode, and over-temperature protection mode.

[0233] In some examples, the thermal management method has a first temperature range, a second temperature range, a third temperature range, and a fourth temperature range. For example, the temperature range of the first temperature range is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold, which can be 10°C; the second temperature range is 10°C-35°C; the temperature range of the third temperature range is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold, which can be 35°C; and the temperature range of the fourth temperature range is greater than or equal to the third temperature threshold, which can be 50°C.

[0234] In some embodiments, the temperature of a battery cell 112 within the battery cell assembly 102 is obtained, wherein the temperature of the battery cell 112 is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold.

[0235] Based on the first temperature range where the temperature of the battery cell 112 is located, the adjustment mode is determined to be the low-temperature heating mode.

[0236] In low-temperature heating mode, the opening of the first vent 132 is adjusted to 10%-30% of its maximum area or completely closed to reduce the entry of external cold air. In one example, the fan 150 remains off.

[0237] The battery pulse self-heating is activated, and a bidirectional pulse current is applied (frequency 0.1Hz-10kHz, duty cycle 30%-70%, pulse current amplitude 1C-2C). If the battery SOC is lower than the safety threshold required for pulse self-heating, or if the ambient temperature is extremely low (e.g., below -20℃) and the pulse heating power is insufficient, the second heating element on the side is automatically activated for direct contact heating.

[0238] If the ambient temperature is extremely low (e.g., less than -25°C), the first heating element 151 in the ventilation channel 130 is further activated, and hot air assists in heating. The first heating element 151 is activated in a gradient of 50%-100% of its rated power to quickly increase the ambient temperature of the battery pack.

[0239] When the temperature of the battery cell 112 reaches the preset value of 15℃-20℃, the low-temperature heating mode is stopped and the cell returns to the initial state. For example, the initial state can be set to a silent state where the ventilation channel 130 is not heated and not opened.

[0240] In some embodiments, the temperature of the battery cell 112 within the battery cell assembly 102 is obtained, and the temperature of the battery cell 112 is 10°C-35°C.

[0241] Based on the second temperature range where the temperature of the battery cell 112 is located, the adjustment mode is determined to be the natural cooling mode.

[0242] In natural cooling mode, the first vent 132 is fully open, i.e., the opening degree is 100%. The fan 150 is not started, and natural convection heat dissipation is driven entirely by the chimney effect generated by the second heat exchanger 113a heating the air through the ventilation channel 130 and the ventilation component 140.

[0243] As an example, the airflow speed is monitored in real time by a wind speed sensor within the ventilation duct 130. If the ambient temperature is too high, causing natural convection to fail, for example, if the wind speed within the ventilation duct 130 remains below a certain threshold, such as 0.1 m / s, then the system enters an active air-cooling mode.

[0244] All heating elements are turned off.

[0245] In some embodiments, the temperature of a battery cell 112 within the battery cell assembly 102 is obtained, wherein the temperature of the battery cell 112 is greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold.

[0246] Based on the third temperature range where the temperature of the battery cell 112 is located, the adjustment mode is determined to be the active air cooling mode.

[0247] In active air cooling mode, when the speed of the ventilation component 140 cannot maintain the air flow velocity in the ventilation channel 130 greater than or equal to 5m / s, the drive component of the ventilation component 140 is activated to actively exhaust air. The speed of the drive component is adjusted by PID closed loop according to the wind speed feedback to ensure that the air flow velocity in the ventilation channel 130 is stable at greater than or equal to 5m / s.

[0248] If the ventilation component 140 is running at full speed but still cannot achieve a wind speed of 5 m / s, the bottom fan 150 will be activated. The speed of fan 150 is continuously adjusted according to the wind speed feedback, with the target wind speed being greater than or equal to 5 m / s.

[0249] When the temperature of the battery cell 112 reaches the preset value of 30°C, the drive unit and fan 150 are turned off, and the battery returns to the initial state. For example, the initial state can be set to a silent state with no heating and natural ventilation.

[0250] In some embodiments, the temperature of a battery cell 112 within the battery cell assembly 102 is obtained, wherein the temperature of the battery cell 112 is greater than or equal to a third temperature threshold.

[0251] Based on the fourth temperature range where the temperature of battery cell 112 is located, the adjustment mode is determined to be the over-temperature protection mode.

[0252] In over-temperature protection mode, the fan 150, drive components, etc. are forced to operate at maximum power, and the target wind speed in the ventilation duct 130 increases the system's maximum air volume, for example, the maximum air volume is greater than or equal to 8m / s.

[0253] The BMS issues a power reduction command to the PCS, limiting the charging and discharging current of the battery cells to 50%-70% of the rated current, thereby reducing heat generation at the source. If the temperature continues to rise above 55°C, the current limit is further tightened to below 30% of the rated current, until charging and discharging are stopped.

[0254] Report alarm information to the energy storage power station monitoring system.

[0255] The temperature of the battery cell 112 dropped below the third temperature threshold and continued to decrease, gradually lifting the current restriction and allowing the fan 150 to operate at full power.

[0256] In this embodiment, the tiered control strategy achieves optimal energy efficiency across all operating conditions: highly efficient pulse self-heating at low temperatures, completely zero-power passive cooling at room temperature, tiered active air cooling at high temperatures, and forced cooling with current limiting protection for overheating. The wind speed threshold of 5 m / s is based on engineering measurement data showing that the second heat exchanger 113a can achieve its designed heat transfer coefficient at this wind speed, balancing heat dissipation performance and fan 150 energy consumption. Current limiting measures for individual battery cells 112 reduce heat generation at the source, forming a dual protection system with fan 150 heat dissipation to prevent thermal runaway.

[0257] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides an energy storage device 100, including: a housing 120, a battery cluster 101, and a ventilation channel 130. The battery cluster 101 is housed within the housing 120 and includes multiple battery cell assemblies 102, multiple heat exchange elements 113, and a heat exchange medium. Along the height direction Z, the battery cell assemblies 102 and the heat exchange elements 113 are alternately arranged. The heat exchange element 113 includes a first heat exchange portion 113b and a second heat exchange portion 113a that are connected. At least a portion of the second heat exchange portion 113a is located along the height direction Z on the side of the first heat exchange portion 113b that is away from the ground. The first heat exchange portion 113b is connected to the battery cell assembly 102. At least a portion of the ventilation channel 130 is housed within the housing 120 and is located along the first direction Y on at least one side of the battery cluster 101. The ventilation channel 130 is connected to the second heat exchange portion 113a, and the height direction Z intersects with the first direction Y.

[0258] The heat exchange medium is contained in the heat exchange element 113, and the total volume of the heat exchange element 113 is greater than the volume of the liquid heat exchange medium; the heat exchange medium includes a phase change material.

[0259] Along the first direction Y, a plurality of ventilation channels 130 are located on both sides of the battery cluster 101, and at least a portion of the plurality of ventilation channels 130 is connected to a second heat exchange section 113a. The heat exchanger 113 includes two second heat exchange sections 113a, which are connected to the two ends of the first heat exchange section 113b along the first direction Y; the two second heat exchange sections 113a are respectively connected to the plurality of ventilation channels 130.

[0260] Multiple battery clusters 101 are arranged along the second direction X, with ventilation channels 130 opposite to the battery clusters 101. The second direction X, the first direction Y, and the height direction Z are perpendicular to each other. The multiple ventilation channels 130 are located on one side of the battery clusters 101, with each ventilation channel 130 opposite to each battery cluster 101.

[0261] Unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and optional embodiments of this application can be combined to form new technical solutions. Unless otherwise specified, all technical features and optional technical features of this application can be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0262] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. However, these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that, include: Warehouse body; A battery cluster is housed within the compartment. The battery cluster includes multiple battery cell assemblies and multiple heat exchangers. Along the height direction, the battery cell assemblies and the heat exchangers are alternately arranged. Each heat exchanger includes a first heat exchange section and a second heat exchange section that are connected. At least a portion of the second heat exchange section is located along the height direction on the side of the first heat exchange section that is away from the ground. The first heat exchange section is connected to the battery cell assemblies. A ventilation channel, at least a portion of which is housed within the chamber, the at least portion of which is located on at least one side of the battery cluster along a first direction, the ventilation channel being connected to a second heat exchange section, and the height direction intersecting the first direction.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a heat exchange medium, which is contained in the heat exchange element, and the total volume of the heat exchange element is greater than the volume of the liquid heat exchange medium; The heat exchange medium includes a phase change material.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device includes a plurality of ventilation channels, which are located on both sides of the battery cluster along the first direction, and at least a portion of the plurality of ventilation channels are connected to the second heat exchange section.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat exchanger includes two second heat exchange sections, which are connected to the two ends of the first heat exchange section along the first direction. The two second heat exchange sections are respectively connected to the plurality of ventilation channels.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a plurality of battery clusters arranged along a second direction, and the ventilation channel is opposite to the plurality of battery clusters, with the second direction, the first direction and the height direction being perpendicular to each other.

6. The energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that, It includes multiple ventilation channels, each ventilation channel being opposite to each battery cluster on one side.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enclosure includes an energy storage compartment, which includes a first door located on one side of the energy storage compartment along a first direction. Along the first direction, the ventilation channel is located on the side of the battery cluster away from the first door.

8. The energy storage device according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, The enclosure includes an energy storage compartment, which is separated from the ventilation channel.

9. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation channel has an opening, at least part of which is accommodated in the second heat exchange section and is connected to the side wall of the opening.

10. The energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second heat exchange section includes a main body and fins. The main body connects the first heat exchange section and the fins. At least a portion of the main body is accommodated in the receiving port and is connected to the side wall of the receiving port. At least a portion of the wing protrudes from the main body along the first direction, and the wing is accommodated within the ventilation channel.

11. The energy storage device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The fin includes a plurality of fins spaced apart along the height direction, and each fin has a flow guide hole, which is staggered.

12. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation channel includes a ventilation cavity, a first ventilation opening, and a second ventilation opening. The first ventilation opening and the second ventilation opening are arranged along the height direction and are both connected to the ventilation cavity.

13. The energy storage device according to claim 12, characterized in that, Along the first direction, at least one of the first vent and the second vent is located on one side of the ventilation cavity.

14. The energy storage device according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, The first vent is located on one side of the ventilation cavity along the first direction, and the second vent is located on one side of the ventilation cavity along the height direction; The energy storage device also includes a ventilation component, which is disposed along the height direction on the side of the chamber facing away from the ground and is connected to the second ventilation opening.

15. The energy storage device according to claim 14, characterized in that, It also includes a fan, which is disposed on one side of the chamber along the height direction and communicates with the ventilation cavity; The fan is offset from the ventilation component along the height direction along its axis.

16. The energy storage device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The ventilation channel also includes a baffle, which is housed within the ventilation cavity.

17. The energy storage device according to claim 16, characterized in that, The ventilation channel includes a plurality of the aforementioned baffles, which are spaced apart along the height direction. In a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the orthographic projection of each baffle at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of each battery cell assembly.

18. The energy storage device according to claim 17, characterized in that, Along the first direction, one end of the baffle is connected to the side of the ventilation channel away from the second heat exchange section; The other end of the spoiler has an inclined tendency from the first vent to the second vent.

19. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first heating element, which is at least partially located within the ventilation channel.

20. An energy storage system, characterized in that, Includes an energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the energy storage device is used for electrical connection to a power generation device.

21. A charging network, characterized in that, include: The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 19; A charging pile, wherein the energy storage device is used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile.

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