Battery pack and electric device

Abstract

The application relates to the field of batteries, and provides a battery pack and a power utilization equipment. The battery pack comprises a battery group, a battery chassis, a blocking plate and a bearing plate. The battery group comprises at least one sub-battery, and an anti-explosion valve is arranged on the bottom surface of the sub-battery. The battery chassis is arranged below the battery group, and the battery chassis is provided with a through opening corresponding to the position of the anti-explosion valve. The blocking plate is arranged below the battery chassis, and a buffer cavity is formed between the through opening of the battery chassis and the blocking plate. The bearing plate is arranged below the blocking plate, and the bearing plate is provided with an exhaust opening corresponding to the through opening. The blocking plate comprises a plate body and a sunken area in the exhaust opening. The sunken area protrudes into the exhaust opening relative to the plate body. The orthographic projection of the anti-explosion valve on the bearing plate is located in the orthographic projection of the sunken area on the bearing plate. A buffer layer is arranged in the buffer cavity, and the buffer layer at least fills the sunken area, so that the ejection path of fluid is prolonged, the flow rate and temperature of high-temperature and high-pressure fluid after breaking through the blocking plate are reduced, and the spread of thermal runaway of adjacent sub-batteries is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of batteries, specifically to a battery pack and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] In battery system applications, abnormal operating conditions such as overcharging, external short circuits, or localized overheating can trigger battery thermal runaway. During this process, violent electrochemical reactions occur inside the battery, generating a large amount of high-temperature, high-pressure gas. Gas accumulation within the casing can lead to a sudden pressure surge, posing a risk of casing rupture or explosion. To address this issue, battery casings are typically equipped with explosion-proof valves as pressure relief devices. When the internal pressure exceeds the pressure relief threshold, the explosion-proof valve opens, forming a directional venting channel to effectively release internal pressure. Some battery systems employ a bottom-mounted explosion-proof valve design. This structure allows the venting gas to exit downwards, preventing the high-temperature, high-speed gas from directly impacting the upper electrical modules, reducing the risk of short circuits or insulation degradation caused by gas flow impact, thereby achieving effective thermal-electrical isolation and improving system safety.

[0003] However, in existing battery packs, if a battery experiences thermal runaway and triggers the explosion-proof valve, the ejected high-temperature, high-pressure mixed fluid will diffuse along the gap between the battery and the base plate. When this high-temperature fluid reaches the explosion-proof valve area of ​​an adjacent cell, it may cause the adjacent explosion-proof valve to open abnormally through heat conduction or pressure impact, thereby triggering a chain reaction of thermal runaway and posing a serious threat to the overall safety of the battery pack. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present application aims to provide a battery pack and electrical equipment to solve the technical problem that the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid ejected from the explosion-proof valve of one sub-cell in an existing battery pack may cause the explosion-proof valves of other cells to also eject fluid.

[0005] The first aspect of this application provides a battery pack, comprising: A battery pack, the battery pack including at least one sub-battery, the bottom surface of the sub-battery being provided with an explosion-proof valve; A battery base frame is provided below the battery pack, and the battery base frame is provided with an opening corresponding to the position of the explosion-proof valve; A baffle plate is disposed below the battery base frame and forms a buffer cavity with the opening of the battery base frame; A support plate is provided below the baffle plate, and an exhaust port corresponding to the through-hole is provided on the support plate; The baffle plate includes a plate body and a recessed area corresponding to the position of the exhaust port. The recessed area protrudes into the exhaust port relative to the plate body, and the orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve on the support plate is located within the orthographic projection of the recessed area on the support plate. A buffer layer is provided in the buffer cavity, and the buffer layer at least fills the recessed area.

[0006] Another aspect of this application provides an electrical device including the aforementioned battery pack.

[0007] The battery pack of the above embodiments of this application can utilize a buffer layer within the sinking zone to buffer high-temperature, high-pressure fluids, and the sinking zone on the baffle plate extends the fluid's ejection path, thereby reducing the flow velocity and temperature of the high-temperature, high-pressure fluid after it breaks through the baffle plate. Simultaneously, the sinking zones and buffer layers at corresponding positions of adjacent sub-cells can enhance the impact resistance of the baffle plate, minimizing the risk of high-temperature, high-pressure fluid flowing beneath other sub-cells and triggering a chain reaction of explosion-proof valves in those sub-cells, thus preventing the spread of thermal runaway and effectively improving the operational safety of the battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0008] It should be understood that the following figures only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope.

[0009] It should be understood that the same or similar reference numerals are used in the accompanying drawings to denote the same or similar elements.

[0010] It should be understood that the accompanying drawings are only schematic, and the dimensions and scales of the elements in the drawings are not necessarily precise.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the battery pack according to an embodiment of this application.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a partial bottom view of the battery pack according to an embodiment of this application.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the battery pack according to an embodiment of this application.

[0014] Figure 4 This is a partial perspective view of the battery pack according to an embodiment of this application.

[0015] Figure 5 This is a partial bottom view of the battery pack according to an embodiment of this application.

[0016] Figure 6 This is a partial perspective view of the battery pack according to an embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the battery pack according to an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom surface of the battery pack according to an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the barrier plate according to an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Attached image labels: 10. Battery pack; 1. Sub-cell; 11. Housing; 12. Explosion-proof valve; 2. Battery base frame; 21. Port; 22. Support; 23. Placement slot; 24. Injection channel; 3. Baffle plate; 31. Sinking area; 4. Buffer chamber; 41. Opening; 6. Support plate; 61. Exhaust port; 7. Outer bottom plate; 71. Exhaust space; 72. Main outlet; 8. Support frame. Z-Height direction. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Numerous specific details are set forth below to provide an understanding of the structure, function, and use of the embodiments described and illustrated in the specification and figures. It is to be understood that the embodiments described and illustrated herein are non-limiting examples, and thus it will be appreciated that the particular structural and functional details disclosed herein are representative and exemplary. Variations and changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the scope of the claims.

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] This application provides a battery pack for supplying power to external devices, which in turn can charge the battery pack. Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the battery pack in this embodiment includes at least a battery pack 10, a battery base frame 2, a baffle plate 3, and a support plate 6. The battery pack 10 includes multiple sub-cells 1 arranged in a series. Specifically, multiple sub-cells 1 with similar capacity and internal resistance can be connected in series or parallel to form the battery pack 10. The sub-cells 1 can store chemical energy and controllably convert it into electrical energy. In a recyclable battery, after discharge, the active materials can be activated by charging to continue use.

[0024] It is understood that the sub-battery 1 includes at least a housing 11 and a cover plate fixedly connected to each other, as well as a battery cell and an electrolyte. The housing 11 and the cover plate are used together to contain the battery cell and the electrolyte. The cover plate may be provided with at least one positive electrode post and at least one negative electrode post for electrical connection with the outside. The battery cell includes one or more electrode assemblies, which are formed by stacking or winding positive electrode plates, negative electrode plates, and separators. The separator is located between adjacent positive and negative electrode plates to insulate them. At least one end of the electrode assembly has a tab, which is electrically connected to the electrode post. It is understood that the sub-battery 1 in the embodiments of this application can be a lithium-ion battery 1, a sodium-ion battery 1, a sodium-lithium-ion battery 1, a lithium metal battery, a sodium metal battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a magnesium-ion battery 1, a nickel-metal hydride battery, a nickel-cadmium battery, a lead-acid battery, a ternary high-nickel battery, etc., and is not limited thereto.

[0025] Specifically, a battery pack may also include a battery management system (BMS), a thermal management system, an electrical connection system (which may include high-voltage / low-voltage connectors, wiring harnesses, etc.), structural components (casing, brackets, etc.), and protective parts, as well as a housing, forming a complete functional unit that directly outputs electrical energy. As a rechargeable battery pack, it can serve as a power source for electrical equipment such as new energy vehicles.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, since an explosion-proof valve 12 is provided on the bottom surface of the sub-battery 1, that is, the explosion-proof valve 12 is located at the bottom end in the height direction of the sub-battery 1; when the internal pressure of the sub-battery 1 reaches the pressure relief strength of the explosion-proof valve 12, the explosion-proof valve 12 connects to the outside and releases pressure in time; the ejected fluids such as the ejected material from the explosion-proof valve 12 are discharged downwards to avoid direct contact with the electrical components above the sub-battery 1, so as to achieve thermal and electrical separation and improve the overall safety of the battery pack.

[0027] An explosion-proof valve 12 is a component or part that can be actuated to release internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the sub-battery 1 reaches a predetermined threshold. During battery use, the explosion-proof valve 12 is mainly used to allow gas to escape from the battery and reduce internal pressure in the event of thermal runaway or other situations, preventing excessive pressure buildup that could cause deformation or explosion. The material of the explosion-proof valve 12 is not limited, including but not limited to aluminum, steel, and alloys. The shape of the explosion-proof valve 12 is not limited, such as square, oblong, elliptical, racetrack-shaped, etc. The type of explosion-proof valve 12 is not limited, such as a notched explosion-proof valve 12, which can be formed by stamping or laser etching.

[0028] like Figure 3As shown, the battery base frame 2 is located below the battery pack 10, the baffle plate 3 is located below the battery base frame 2, and the support plate 6 is located below the baffle plate 3. The battery base frame 2 is used to support each sub-cell 1 of the battery pack 10. The baffle plate 3 is used to insulate the bottom surface of the battery base frame 2 and the bottom surface of the sub-cell 1 from other structures, and also has a certain structural protection and heat insulation and flame retardant function. The support plate 6 is used to support the baffle plate 3, the battery base frame 2, and the battery pack 10 above.

[0029] It is understood that in the battery pack of this application embodiment, the support plate 6 can be part of the housing, and the housing can also include a frame fixed to the outer periphery of the support plate 6. The support plate 6 and the frame form a receiving cavity, which is used to accommodate various structures required for the battery pack.

[0030] Specifically, the aforementioned enclosure can be a closed or semi-closed structure made of materials such as metal or plastic, serving as the physical carrier of the battery pack 10. The enclosure provides installation space for the battery pack 10, BMS, cooling system, electrical connection components, etc., and through a reasonable structural design, fixes these components within the enclosure, ensuring they maintain a relatively stable position during battery pack operation and preventing damage or loosening of connections due to vibration, impact, or other factors. The frame and the support plate 6 can be integrally formed or manufactured separately and then fixedly connected. Specifically, the frame and the support plate 6 are fixedly connected by welding, riveting, screwing, or other methods. In the case of a cubic enclosure, the lower enclosure frame generally has four side plates surrounding the perimeter of the support plate 6. In other embodiments, the enclosure shape can also be cylindrical or other shapes. The frame mainly serves a supporting, protective, and connecting function. The frame can be formed by splicing multiple beams together. The frame can be rectangular, circular, polygonal, etc., without limitation. The frame can be made of various materials, such as aluminum alloy, copper alloy, steel, plastic, etc. The beams of the frame can be solid or contain cavities. The support plate 6 is the main load-bearing component of the battery pack, used to support and secure the battery pack 10, battery management system, cooling system, and other components inside the battery pack. The support plate 6 is located at the bottom of the casing frame and can be fixed to the bottom of the casing frame by welding, riveting, or screwing. The size of the support plate 6 is determined by the number and size of the battery cells housed in the battery pack. The casing can be cast from materials such as steel or aluminum alloy, or processed from lightweight materials such as glass fiber reinforced composite materials or carbon fiber reinforced composite materials.

[0031] In one embodiment of this application, the baffle plate 3 is a mica plate. When the baffle plate 3 is a mica plate, it can ensure that the baffle plate 3 can achieve the insulation performance between the bottom surface of the battery base frame 2, the bottom surface of the sub-battery 1 and the support plate 6, and also ensure that the baffle plate 3 has structural protection and good heat insulation and flame retardant effect.

[0032] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the battery base frame 2 is provided with an opening 21 corresponding to the position of the explosion-proof valve 12. A baffle plate 3 is located below the battery base frame 2, forming a buffer cavity 4 between itself and the opening 21. The support plate 6 is provided with an exhaust port 61 corresponding to the opening 21. Furthermore, as... Figure 3 and Figure 9 As shown, the baffle plate 3 includes a plate body and a recessed area 31 corresponding to the position of the exhaust port 61. The recessed area 31 protrudes into the exhaust port 61 relative to the plate body, and the orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve 12 on the support plate 6 is located within the orthographic projection of the recessed area 31 on the support plate 6. A buffer layer is provided in the buffer cavity 4, and the buffer layer at least fills the recessed area 31.

[0033] Therefore, during the operation of the battery pack in this embodiment, when the internal pressure of the sub-battery 1 reaches the pressure relief strength of the explosion-proof valve 12, the explosion-proof valve 12 ruptures and sprays out high-temperature and high-pressure fluid downwards. After the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid is sprayed out from the explosion-proof valve 12, it will first spray onto the buffer layer, then break through the buffer layer, and then spray into the sinking area 31 of the baffle plate 3. After passing through the sinking area 31 formed on the baffle plate 3, it will spray to the bottom wall of the sinking area 31, and then break through the baffle plate 3. Finally, it will be discharged from the exhaust port 61 on the support plate 6 to the bottom of the support plate 6.

[0034] Therefore, the battery pack of this application embodiment can use the buffer layer in the sinking area 31 to buffer the high temperature and high pressure fluid, and use the sinking area 31 on the baffle plate 3 to extend the ejection path of the fluid, thereby reducing the flow rate and temperature of the high temperature and high pressure fluid after breaking through the baffle plate 3. At the same time, the sinking area 31 and the buffer layer at the corresponding positions of adjacent sub-batteries 1 can enhance the impact resistance of the baffle plate 3, prevent the high temperature and high pressure fluid from flowing to the bottom of other sub-batteries 1 and causing the explosion-proof valve 12 of other sub-batteries 1 to be ejected in a chain, prevent the spread of thermal runaway, and effectively improve the working safety of the battery pack.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the bottom surface of the sub-battery 1 is circular, and the explosion-proof valve 12 is disposed in the center of the bottom surface of the sub-battery 1, and is also circular. That is, the sub-battery 1 in this embodiment can be a cylindrical battery, and a single sub-battery 1 has high mechanical strength, a short heat dissipation path, and good working stability. In another embodiment of this application, the sub-battery 1 can be a prismatic battery, a blade battery, or other batteries of other shapes, which are not limited here. Figure 5 and Figure 9 As shown, the outer contour of the sinking area 31 is circular to match the contour of the explosion-proof valve 12, ensuring that all the fluid sprayed from the explosion-proof valve 12 is sprayed onto the sinking area 31, so that the sinking area 31 can effectively play its buffering role.

[0036] like Figure 3As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the battery pack further includes a support plate 6 and an outer bottom plate 7. The support plate 6 is disposed below the baffle plate 3, and the support plate 6 is provided with an exhaust port 61 corresponding to the through-hole 21. An exhaust space 71 is formed between the support plate 6 and the outer bottom plate 7. Therefore, after the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid ejected downward from the explosion-proof valve 12 breaks through the buffer layer and the baffle plate 3, it can be discharged from the exhaust port 61 on the support plate 6 into the exhaust space 71 formed between the support plate 6 and the outer bottom plate 7.

[0037] like Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the battery base 2 is provided with a placement slot 23 that matches the sub-battery 1. By providing a placement slot 23 on the battery base 2 that matches the sub-battery 1, the placement slot 23 can be used to limit the sub-battery 1, preventing the sub-battery 1 from shifting relative to the battery base 2, and ensuring that the sub-battery 1 is fixed in the corresponding position. Figure 6 As shown, the opening 21 is located on the bottom surface of the placement tank 23 so that the high-temperature, high-pressure fluid ejected from the explosion-proof valve 12 can break through the buffer layer baffle 3 and discharge from the opening 21 on the bottom surface of the placement tank 23 to below the battery base 2. Furthermore, as... Figure 6 As shown, the edge of the placement slot 23 is provided with a support part 22. The placement slot 23 can use the support part 22 to support the sub-battery 1, thereby ensuring that the sub-battery 1 will not directly transfer all its weight to the lower baffle plate 3.

[0038] like Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, along the height direction of the sub-battery 1, the distance between the bottom wall of the sinking area 31 and the explosion-proof valve 12 is J mm, where J mm satisfies 0.5 mm ≤ J mm ≤ 3 mm.

[0039] When the distance J mm between the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 and the explosion-proof valve 12 is less than 0.5 mm, the required path for the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid from the explosion-proof valve 12 to the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 is too short, resulting in a poor effect on reducing the flow rate and temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid. When the distance J mm between the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 and the explosion-proof valve 12 is greater than 0.5 mm, the sinking zone 31 needs to occupy more space, thereby affecting the energy density of the battery pack in this embodiment. Therefore, when the distance J mm between the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 and the explosion-proof valve 12 is J mm, and J mm satisfies 0.5 mm ≤ J mm ≤ 3 mm, the sinking zone 31 can not only effectively reduce the flow rate and temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid, but also avoids the sinking zone 31 occupying too much space, effectively improving the energy density of the battery pack in this embodiment. In a specific embodiment, the distance J mm between the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 and the explosion-proof valve 12 can be selected from specific values ​​such as 0.5 mm, 0.7 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.8 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.7 mm, 2.9 mm, and 3 mm, and is not limited here.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, along the height direction of the sub-battery 1, the distance between the bottom wall of the sinking area 31 and the plate is K mm, where K mm satisfies 0.5 mm ≤ K mm ≤ 1 mm.

[0041] When the distance K mm between the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 and the plate is less than 0.5 mm, the extension height of the sinking zone 31 is too short, resulting in poor effectiveness in reducing the flow rate and temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid. When the distance K mm between the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 and the plate is greater than 1 mm, the extension height of the sinking zone 31 is too long, requiring more space and affecting the energy density of the battery pack in this embodiment, while also increasing the processing difficulty of the sinking zone 31. Therefore, when the distance K mm between the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 and the plate satisfies 0.5 mm ≤ K mm ≤ 1 mm, the sinking zone 31 can effectively reduce the flow rate and temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid, while avoiding the sinking zone 31 occupying too much space, effectively improving the energy density of the battery pack in this embodiment, and also effectively reducing the processing difficulty of the sinking zone 31 of the baffle plate 3. In a specific embodiment, the distance K mm between the bottom wall of the sinking area 31 and the plate can be selected from specific values ​​such as 0.5 mm, 0.55 mm, 0.62 mm, 0.68 mm, 0.73 mm, 0.79 mm, 0.84 mm, 0.88 mm, 0.93 mm, 1 mm, etc., and is not limited here.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 7As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the distance between the explosion-proof valve 12 and the plate is L mm along the height direction of the sub-battery 1, where L mm satisfies L mm ≤ 2 mm.

[0043] When the distance L mm between the explosion-proof valve 12 and the plate is greater than 2 mm, the required thickness of the battery base frame 2 increases, thereby increasing the material cost of the battery base frame 2 and the space occupied by the battery base frame 2, and reducing the energy density of the battery pack in this embodiment. Therefore, when the distance L mm between the explosion-proof valve 12 and the plate satisfies mm ≤ L mm ≤ 2 mm, the required thickness of the battery base frame 2 can be effectively reduced, the material cost and space required for the battery base frame 2 can be reduced, and the energy density of the battery pack in this embodiment can be improved. In specific embodiments, the distance L mm between the explosion-proof valve 12 and the plate can be selected from specific values ​​such as 0.5 mm, 0.58 mm, 0.66 mm, 0.74 mm, 0.82 mm, 0.91 mm, 1.05 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.55 mm, 2 mm, etc., and is not limited here.

[0044] like Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the thickness of the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 is D mm, where D mm satisfies 0.3 mm ≤ D mm ≤ 0.8 mm. When the thickness D mm of the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 is less than 0.3 mm, the blocking effect of the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 is poor. After the fluid ejected from the explosion-proof valve 12 breaks through the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31, the flow velocity and temperature are still high, and there is still a possibility of triggering a chain reaction of explosion-proof valves 12 of other sub-batteries 1 being ejected. When the thickness D mm of the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 is greater than 0.8 mm, the blocking effect of the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 is too strong, and it cannot be guaranteed that the fluid ejected from the explosion-proof valve 12 can break through the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31, which can easily cause poor pressure relief and lead to problems such as continuous heating of sub-batteries 1. Therefore, when the thickness D mm of the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 satisfies 0.3 mm ≤ D mm ≤ 0.8 mm, the blocking effect of the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 is relatively moderate. This ensures that the fluid ejected from the explosion-proof valve 12, after breaking through the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 and flowing under other sub-batteries 1, will not trigger a chain reaction of explosion-proof valves 12 of other sub-batteries 1, nor will it cause poor pressure relief, thus ensuring smooth pressure relief of sub-batteries 1. In specific embodiments, the thickness D mm of the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 can be selected from specific values ​​such as 0.3 mm, 0.34 mm, 0.39 mm, 0.44 mm, 0.49 mm, 0.55 mm, 0.61 mm, 0.67 mm, 0.73 mm, and 0.8 mm, and is not limited here.

[0045] like Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the projected area of ​​the explosion-proof valve 12 on the support plate 6 is S mm. 2 The projected area of ​​the sunken area 31 on the bearing plate 6 is T mm. 2 S / T satisfies 0.48≤S / T≤0.95.

[0046] The projected area S mm of the explosion-proof valve 12 on the support plate 6 2 The projected area T mm of the sunken area 31 on the bearing plate 6 2 When the ratio S / T is less than 0.48, the fluid ejected from the explosion-proof valve 12 cannot be guaranteed to be completely ejected onto the sinking zone 31. Some fluid may directly eject to other locations on the baffle plate 3, causing breaches in those locations. Most of the fluid will then flow downwards from these breaches, preventing the sinking zone 31 from fulfilling its buffering effect. Furthermore, the projected area S mm of the explosion-proof valve 12 on the support plate 6 of the sub-battery 1... 2 The projected area T mm of the sunken area 31 on the bearing plate 6 2 When the ratio S / T is greater than 0.95, the required area of ​​the sunken area 31 is too large, requiring a lot of layout space. In addition, the required area of ​​the corresponding opening 21 is also relatively large. The excessive area of ​​the opening 21 and the exhaust port 61 can easily affect the structural strength of the battery base frame 2 and the bearing plate 6.

[0047] Therefore, the projected area S mm of the explosion-proof valve 12 on the support plate 6 is... 2 The projected area T mm of the sunken area 31 on the bearing plate 6 2 When the ratio S / T satisfies 0.48≤S / T≤0.95, it can be ensured that all the fluid sprayed from the explosion-proof valve 12 is sprayed onto the sinking zone 31, so that the sinking zone 31 can effectively play a role in reducing speed and cooling. It can also effectively reduce the arrangement space of the sinking zone 31 and the corresponding opening 21 and exhaust port 61, so as to improve the structural strength of the battery base frame 2 and the support plate 6, and ensure that the battery base frame 2 can stably support the sub-battery 1. In a specific embodiment, the orthogonal projection area Smm of the explosion-proof valve 12 on the support plate 6 is... 2 The projected area T mm of the sunken area 31 on the bearing plate 6 2 The ratio S / T can be selected from specific values ​​such as 0.48, 0.52, 0.57, 0.63, 0.68, 0.72, 0.77, 0.81, 0.86, 0.95, etc., and there are no restrictions here.

[0048] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the orthographic projection area S mm of the explosion-proof valve 12 on the support plate 6 is... 2 Meets 616 mm 2 ≤S mm2 ≤1017 mm 2 .

[0049] The projected area S mm of the explosion-proof valve 12 on the support plate 6 of the sub-battery 1 2 Less than 616 mm 2 In cases where the area of ​​the explosion-proof valve 12 is too small, it is easy for the explosion-proof valve 12 to fail to rupture even after the internal pressure of the sub-battery 1 reaches the set pressure. This can lead to excessively high internal temperature and pressure in the sub-battery 1, causing the sub-battery 1 to catch fire or explode. Consequently, this can result in dangerous situations such as thermal runaway of the entire battery pack, affecting the safety performance of the battery pack in this embodiment. The projected area S mm of the explosion-proof valve 12 on the support plate 6 of the sub-battery 1 is... 2 Greater than 1017 mm 2 In some cases, if the area of ​​the explosion-proof valve 12 is too large, it may weaken the structural strength of the explosion-proof valve 12, resulting in a decrease in the critical opening pressure of the explosion-proof valve 12. This may cause the explosion-proof valve 12 to rupture prematurely before the pressure in the sub-battery 1 reaches the set pressure. It may also affect the sealing reliability of the explosion-proof valve 12 and increase the possibility of high-temperature and high-pressure fluid flowing to the area below the explosion-proof valve 12, causing the explosion-proof valve 12 to be ejected in a chain reaction.

[0050] Therefore, the projected area S mm of the explosion-proof valve 12 on the support plate 6 is... 2 Meets 616 mm 2 ≤S mm 2 ≤1017mm 2 In this case, it can ensure that the sub-battery 1 will rupture normally after the internal pressure reaches the preset pressure, thereby allowing the sub-battery 1 to release pressure normally. This also effectively improves the sealing reliability of the explosion-proof valve 12 and minimizes the possibility of high-temperature, high-pressure fluid flowing to the area below the explosion-proof valve 12 and causing a chain reaction of ejection from the valve, thus improving the operational safety of the battery pack in this embodiment. In a specific embodiment, the projected area of ​​the explosion-proof valve 12 on the support plate 6 is S mm. 2 Specific values ​​such as 616mm², 655mm², 710mm², 780mm², 850mm², 905mm², 955mm², 980mm², 1000mm², and 1017mm² can be selected, and there are no restrictions here.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the projected area T mm of the sunken area 31 on the bearing plate 6 is... 2 Meets 750 mm 2 ≤Tmm 2 ≤1300mm 2 .

[0052] The projected area T mm of the sunken area 31 on the bearing plate 6 2 Less than 750 mm 2 In this case, the fluid ejected from the explosion-proof valve 12 cannot be guaranteed to be entirely ejected onto the sinking zone 31. Some fluid may be ejected directly to other positions of the baffle plate 3, causing breaches to appear at other positions of the baffle plate 3. Most of the fluid will flow downwards from these breaches, and the sinking zone 31 will not be able to perform its buffering effect. The required area of ​​the sinking zone 31 is too large, requiring a lot of arrangement space. In addition, the required area of ​​the corresponding opening 21 is also relatively large. The excessively large areas of the opening 21 and the exhaust port 61 may affect the structural strength of the battery base frame 2 and the support plate 6.

[0053] Therefore, the orthogonal projection area T mm of the sunken area 31 on the bearing plate 6 2 Meets 750 mm 2 ≤T mm 2 ≤1300mm 2 In this case, it can be ensured that all the fluid sprayed from the explosion-proof valve 12 is sprayed onto the sinking area 31, so that the sinking area 31 can effectively play a role in reducing speed and cooling. It can also effectively reduce the arrangement space of the sinking area 31 and the corresponding opening 21 and exhaust port 61, thereby improving the structural strength of the battery base frame 2 and the support plate 6, ensuring that the battery base frame 2 can stably support the sub-battery 1, and the support plate 6 can effectively support the upper baffle plate 3, the battery base frame 2 and the battery pack 10. In a specific embodiment, the orthogonal projection area T of the sinking area 31 on the support plate 6 is mm. 2 Specific values ​​such as 750mm², 820mm², 900mm², 980mm², 1050mm², 1120mm², 1180mm², 1220mm², 1260mm², and 1300mm² can be selected, and there are no restrictions here.

[0054] like Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the distance between the sidewall of the sinking area 31 and the exhaust port 61 is R mm, where R mm satisfies 3 mm ≤ R mm ≤ 5 mm.

[0055] When the distance R between the side wall of the sinking area 31 and the exhaust port 61 is less than 3 mm, the distance between the two is too small, which may cause the sinking area 31 to be unable to be completely aligned with the exhaust port 61 during the assembly of the baffle plate 3. This may cause the sinking area 31 to collide with the support plate 6, resulting in a hole or deformation on the sinking area 31 or the support plate 6, which may affect the assembly yield of the battery pack in this embodiment. When the distance R between the side wall of the sinking area 31 and the exhaust port 61 is greater than 5 mm, the area of ​​the exhaust port 61 is too large, which may affect the structural strength of the support plate 6.

[0056] Therefore, when the distance R mm between the side wall of the sunken area 31 and the exhaust port 61 satisfies 3 mm ≤ R mm ≤ 5 mm, it can reduce the collision between the sunken area 31 and the support plate 6 during assembly, improve the assembly yield of the battery pack in this embodiment, and effectively ensure the structural strength of the support plate 6. The support plate 6 can effectively support the upper baffle plate 3, battery base frame 2, and battery pack 10. No limitation is made here. In specific embodiments, the distance R mm between the side wall of the sunken area 31 and the exhaust port 61 can be selected from specific values ​​such as 3mm, 3.15mm, 3.4mm, 3.55mm, 3.7mm, 3.85mm, 4.05mm, 4.2mm, 4.5mm, and 5mm, etc., which are not limited here.

[0057] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, a total outlet 72 is provided on the bottom surface of the outer base plate 7, and the total outlet 72 is connected to the exhaust space 71. Therefore, after the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid ejected downward from the explosion-proof valve 12 breaks through the buffer layer and the baffle plate 3, it can be discharged from the exhaust port 61 on the support plate 6 into the exhaust space 71 formed between the support plate 6 and the outer base plate 7, and then discharged from the total outlet 72 on the bottom surface of the outer base plate 7 to the outside of the battery pack of this embodiment.

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the battery pack further includes a support frame 8. The bottom end of the support frame 8 is fixedly mounted on the outer base plate 7, and the top end of the support frame 8 abuts against the bottom surface of the support plate 6. Furthermore, the orthographic projection of the support frame 8 on the support plate 6 does not coincide with the orthographic projection of the exhaust port 61 on the support plate 6. By providing the support frame 8 on the outer base plate 7, the support frame 8 can support the support plate 6, preventing significant downward deformation of the support plate 6 due to the upper baffle plate 3, battery base frame 2, and battery pack 10 after prolonged operation. Moreover, since the orthographic projection of the support frame 8 on the support plate 6 does not coincide with the orthographic projection of the exhaust port 61 on the support plate 6, the support frame 8 will not affect the normal flow of the high-temperature, high-pressure fluid ejected from the explosion-proof valve 12, ensuring that the sub-battery 1 can normally depressurize.

[0059] like Figure 7As shown, in one embodiment of this application, along the height direction of the sub-battery 1, the distance between the bottom wall of the sinking area 31 and the outer base plate 7 is P mm, and the distance between the outer base plate 7 and the support plate 6 is Q mm, where P / Q satisfies 0.74≤P / Q≤0.96. When the ratio P / Q of the distance between the bottom wall of the sinking area 31 and the outer base plate 7 is less than 0.74, after the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid ejected by the explosion-proof valve 12 breaks through the blocking plate 3, the impact amplitude on the outer base plate 7 is still relatively large, which can easily cause the outer base plate 7 to deform due to the impact of the fluid ejected by the explosion-proof valve 12. When the ratio P / Q of the distance between the bottom wall of the sinking area 31 and the outer base plate 7 is greater than 0.96, the required space for the exhaust space 71 between the support plate 6 and the outer base plate 7 is large, which can easily affect the energy density of the battery pack in this embodiment of the application.

[0060] Therefore, when the ratio P / Q of the distance P mm between the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 and the outer bottom plate 7 and the distance Q mm between the outer bottom plate 7 and the supporting plate 6 satisfies 0.74≤P / Q≤0.96, it can effectively reduce the impact of the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid ejected from the explosion-proof valve 12 on the outer bottom plate 7, and minimize the deformation of the outer bottom plate 7 due to the impact of the fluid ejected from the explosion-proof valve 12. It can also reduce the required space of the exhaust space 71 between the supporting plate 6 and the outer bottom plate 7, thereby improving the energy density of the battery pack in this embodiment. In specific embodiments, the ratio P / Q of the distance P mm between the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 and the outer bottom plate 7 and the distance Q mm between the outer bottom plate 7 and the supporting plate 6 can be selected from specific values ​​such as 0.74, 0.77, 0.81, 0.83, 0.85, 0.87, 0.89, 0.91, 0.93, and 0.96, and is not limited here.

[0061] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, along the height direction of the sub-battery 1, the distance P mm between the bottom wall of the sinking area 31 and the outer base plate 7 satisfies 15 mm ≤ P mm ≤ 20 mm. When the distance P mm between the bottom wall of the sinking area 31 and the outer base plate 7 is less than 15 mm, the impact amplitude of the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid ejected from the explosion-proof valve 12 on the outer base plate 7 is large, which can easily cause the outer base plate 7 to deform due to the impact of the fluid ejected from the explosion-proof valve 12; when the distance P mm between the bottom wall of the sinking area 31 and the outer base plate 7 is greater than 20 mm, the required space for the exhaust space 71 between the bearing plate 6 and the outer base plate 7 is large, which can easily affect the energy density of the battery pack in this embodiment of the application.

[0062] Therefore, when the distance P mm between the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 and the outer base plate 7 satisfies 15 mm ≤ P mm ≤ 20 mm, it can effectively reduce the impact of the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid ejected from the explosion-proof valve 12 on the outer base plate 7, and minimize the deformation of the outer base plate 7 due to the impact of the fluid ejected from the explosion-proof valve 12. It can also reduce the required space of the exhaust space 71 between the support plate 6 and the outer base plate 7, thereby improving the energy density of the battery pack in this embodiment. In specific embodiments, the distance P mm between the bottom wall of the sinking zone 31 and the outer base plate 7 can be selected from specific values ​​such as 15 mm, 15.4 mm, 15.8 mm, 16.3 mm, 16.7 mm, 17.2 mm, 17.8 mm, 18.4 mm, 19.1 mm, and 20 mm, and is not limited here.

[0063] like Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, along the height direction of the sub-battery 1, the distance Q mm between the outer bottom plate 7 and the support plate 6 satisfies 15.5 mm ≤ Q mm ≤ 21 mm.

[0064] When the distance Q mm between the outer base plate 7 and the support plate 6 is less than 15.5 mm, the height of the exhaust space 71 between the support plate 6 and the outer base plate 7 is small, which can easily affect the discharge of high-temperature and high-pressure fluid from the exhaust space 71. When the distance Q mm between the outer base plate 7 and the support plate 6 is greater than 21 mm, the required space for the exhaust space 71 between the support plate 6 and the outer base plate 7 is large, which can easily affect the energy density of the battery pack in this embodiment. In specific embodiments, the distance Q mm between the outer base plate 7 and the support plate 6 can be selected from specific values ​​such as 15.5 mm, 16 mm, 16.3 mm, 16.8 mm, 17.2 mm, 17.7 mm, 18.4 mm, 19 mm, 19.6 mm, and 21 mm, and is not limited here.

[0065] Therefore, when the distance Q mm between the outer base plate 7 and the support plate 6 satisfies 15.5 mm ≤ Q mm ≤ 21 mm, it can ensure that the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid ejected from the explosion-proof valve 12 can be smoothly discharged from the exhaust space 71, and the required space of the exhaust space 71 between the support plate 6 and the outer base plate 7 can be reduced, thereby improving the energy density of the battery pack in this embodiment.

[0066] In one embodiment of this application, the buffer layer can be a structural adhesive. It is understood that when the buffer layer is a structural adhesive, a potting process can be used to inject the structural adhesive and other materials into the buffer cavity 4 to form the above-mentioned buffer layer, effectively reducing the difficulty of forming the buffer layer.

[0067] like Figure 2As shown, in one embodiment of this application, an injection channel 24 is provided on the bottom surface of the battery base 2, and the injection channel 24 connects the buffer cavity 4 and the opening 41 provided on the side wall of the battery base 2. Since the injection channel 24 is provided on the bottom surface of the battery base 2, and the injection channel 24 connects the buffer cavity 4 and the opening 41 provided on the side wall of the battery base 2, the material required for the buffer layer can be injected into the buffer cavity 4 from the opening 41 provided on the side wall of the battery base 2 using the injection channel 24, thereby forming a buffer layer in the buffer cavity 4, which effectively reduces the difficulty of forming the buffer layer and improves the formation efficiency of the buffer layer.

[0068] This application also provides an electrical device that includes at least one of the aforementioned battery packs. It is understood that this electrical device can be any type of electrical device, such as an electric vehicle, an appliance with a battery pack, or an energy storage device, and is not limited thereto.

[0069] It should be noted that the elements described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, this application will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0070] It should be understood that multiple components and / or parts can be provided by a single integrated component or part. Alternatively, a single integrated component or part can be divided into multiple separate components and / or parts. The use of the public designation "a" or "an" to describe a component or part does not imply the exclusion of other components or parts.

[0071] It should be understood that while terms such as "first" or "second" may be used in this application to describe various elements, these elements are not limited by these terms; these terms are merely used to distinguish one element from another. The terminology used in one or more embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of one or more embodiments of this application. The singular forms "a," "the," and "the" as used in one or more embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used in one or more embodiments of this application refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0072] In this document, terms such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate the relative positional relationship between related parts, and not to define the absolute position of these related parts. Terms such as "equal" and "same" are not strict mathematical and / or geometric limitations, and also include errors that are understandable to those skilled in the art and permissible in manufacturing or use. Unless otherwise stated, numerical ranges in this document include not only the entire range within its two endpoints, but also several subranges contained therein.

[0073] The basic principles of this application have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, and effects mentioned in this application are merely examples and not limitations, and should not be considered as essential features of each embodiment of this application. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed above are for illustrative and facilitative purposes only, and are not limitations. These details do not limit the application to the necessity of employing the aforementioned specific details for implementation.

[0074] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: The battery pack (10) includes at least one sub-battery (1), and an explosion-proof valve (12) is provided on the bottom surface of the sub-battery (1). Battery base frame (2), the battery base frame (2) is located below the battery pack (10), and the battery base frame (2) is provided with an opening (21) corresponding to the position of the explosion-proof valve (12). A baffle plate (3) is provided below the battery base frame (2) and forms a buffer cavity (4) between the baffle plate (3) and the opening (21) of the battery base frame (2). The support plate (6) is located below the baffle plate (3) and has an exhaust port (61) corresponding to the opening (21). The baffle plate (3) includes a plate body and a sinking area (31) corresponding to the position of the exhaust port (61). The sinking area (31) protrudes into the exhaust port (61) relative to the plate body, and the orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve (12) on the support plate (6) is located within the orthographic projection of the sinking area (31) on the support plate (6). A buffer layer is provided in the buffer cavity (4), and the buffer layer at least fills the sinking area (31).

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the height direction of the sub-battery (1), the distance between the bottom wall of the sinking area (31) and the explosion-proof valve (12) is J mm, where J mm satisfies 0.5 mm ≤ J mm ≤ 3 mm; and / or, Along the height direction of the sub-battery (1), the distance between the bottom wall of the sinking area (31) and the plate is K mm, where K mm satisfies 0.5 mm ≤ K mm ≤ 1 mm.

3. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the height direction of the sub-battery (1), the distance between the explosion-proof valve (12) and the plate is L mm, where L mm satisfies L mm ≤ 2 mm.

4. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the bottom wall of the sinking area (31) is D mm, and D mm satisfies 0.3 mm ≤ D mm ≤ 0.8 mm.

5. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The projected area of ​​the explosion-proof valve (12) on the support plate (6) is S mm. 2 The projected area of ​​the sunken area (31) on the bearing plate (6) is T mm. 2 S / T satisfies 0.48≤S / T≤0.

95.

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The projected area of ​​the explosion-proof valve (12) on the support plate (6) is S mm. 2 Meets 616 mm 2 ≤S mm 2 ≤1017 mm 2 ; and / or, The projected area of ​​the sunken area (31) on the bearing plate (6) is T mm. 2 Meets 750 mm 2 ≤T mm 2 ≤1300mm 2 .

7. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The distance between the sidewall of the sinking area (31) and the exhaust port (61) is R mm, where R mm satisfies 3 mm ≤ R mm ≤ 5 mm.

8. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the sub-battery (1) is circular, and the explosion-proof valve (12) is an annular weak area set on the bottom surface of the sub-battery (1); the outer contour of the sinking area (31) corresponds to the outer contour shape of the explosion-proof valve.

9. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The barrier plate (3) is a mica plate.

10. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It also includes an outer bottom plate (7), which is spaced below the support plate (6) and forms an exhaust space (71) with the support plate (6).

11. The battery pack according to claim 10, characterized in that, Along the height direction of the sub-battery (1), the distance between the bottom wall of the sinking area (31) and the outer bottom plate (7) is P mm, and the distance between the outer bottom plate (7) and the bearing plate (6) is Q mm, where P / Q satisfies 0.74≤P / Q≤0.

96.

12. The battery pack according to claim 11, characterized in that, Along the height direction of the sub-cell (1), the distance P mm between the bottom wall of the sinking area (31) and the outer bottom plate (7) satisfies 15 mm ≤ P mm ≤ 20 mm; and / or, Along the height direction of the sub-battery (1), the distance Q mm between the outer bottom plate (7) and the support plate (6) satisfies 15.5 mm ≤ Q mm ≤ 21 mm.

13. The battery pack according to claim 11, characterized in that, It also includes a support frame (8), the bottom end of which is fixedly mounted on the outer base plate (7), and the top end of which abuts against the bottom surface of the bearing plate (6); and the orthographic projection of the support frame (8) on the bearing plate (6) and the orthographic projection of the exhaust port (61) on the bearing plate (6) do not coincide with each other.

14. The battery pack according to claim 10, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the outer base plate (7) is provided with a main outlet (72), which is connected to the exhaust space (71).

15. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The battery base (2) is provided with a placement slot (23) that matches the sub-battery (1), and the opening (21) is opened on the bottom surface of the placement slot (23).

16. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, An injection channel (24) is provided on the bottom surface of the battery base (2), and the injection channel (24) connects the buffer cavity (4) and the opening (41) provided on the side wall of the battery base (2).

17. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

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