Battery system and electric device

Abstract

The application provides a battery system and a power utilization device, and relates to the technical field of batteries. The battery system comprises a frame and a plurality of battery boxes; the plurality of battery boxes are arranged in rows and columns on the frame, and there are at least one column of battery boxes on the frame; the explosion-proof valves of battery boxes in the same column are located on the same side, and the explosion-proof valves of battery boxes in the same row are located on the same side; a first cover shell is arranged on the explosion-proof valve; the first cover shell and the corresponding battery box form a first cavity; the first cover shell is provided with a first through hole; at least one column of first cover shells and / or at least one row of first cover shells are provided with a second cover shell; the second cover shell and the corresponding first cover shell form a second cavity; and the second cover shell is provided with a second through hole. The first cavity, the first through hole, the second cavity and the second through hole form a discharge channel; if thermal runaway occurs in a battery box, high-temperature gas is discharged from the explosion-proof valve and then discharged along the discharge channel; the discharge of the high-temperature gas has directionality, which avoids the phenomenon of personnel injury and the burning of connecting lines caused by the spraying of the high-temperature gas, and reduces the harm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery system and electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] Multiple battery compartments are typically stacked and connected together via wiring to form a unified battery system, thereby improving range. Explosion-proof valves, as safety components, are installed on each battery compartment. Their main function is to open promptly to release pressure in the event of a compartment failure and gas generation, ensuring that the internal pressure of that compartment does not become too high and cause an explosion. The explosion-proof valves on each battery compartment are exposed.

[0003] However, when a battery box experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas inside will be ejected in all directions through the explosion-proof valve, which can not only easily cause personal injury, but also burn out the connecting lines between battery boxes, and even burn out other battery boxes, leading to secondary failure. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a battery system and electrical equipment to improve the problem of explosion-proof valves spraying high-temperature gas in all directions after thermal runaway of the battery box, thereby avoiding personal injury and wire burnout caused by high-temperature gas to a certain extent and improving the safety of use.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a battery system including a frame, a plurality of battery boxes, a plurality of first covers, and at least one second cover.

[0006] Multiple battery boxes are arranged in rows and columns on a frame, with at least one column of battery boxes on the frame. The explosion-proof valves of all battery boxes in the same column are located on the same side of the frame, and the explosion-proof valves of all battery boxes in the same row are also located on the same side of the frame. Each explosion-proof valve is covered by a first cover, which, together with the corresponding battery box, forms a first cavity. Each first cover has a first through-hole located on one radial side of the exhaust port of the corresponding explosion-proof valve. A second cover is fitted over all the first covers in at least one column, and / or over all the first covers in at least one row; the second cover, together with all the corresponding first covers, forms a second cavity, and has a second through-hole communicating with the outside, located on one radial side of all the exhaust ports within the second cover.

[0007] The battery system provided in this application arranges the explosion-proof valves of all battery boxes in the same column on the same side of the frame, and the explosion-proof valves of all battery boxes in the same row on the same side of the frame. A first cover is provided over the explosion-proof valve of each battery box, so that the first cover and the corresponding battery box together form a first cavity. A second cover is provided over at least one column of first covers and / or at least one row of first covers, so that the second cover and all corresponding first covers together form a second cavity. A first through-hole is provided on the first cover, located on one side radially to the exhaust port of the corresponding explosion-proof valve. A second through-hole is provided on the second cover, and the second cavity communicates with the outside through the second through-hole, which is located on one side radially to all exhaust ports within the second cover. Thus, the first cavity within each second cover communicates with the second cavity through the corresponding first through-hole. Because the second cavity is connected to the outside through the second through hole, each first cavity, corresponding first through hole, second cavity, and second through hole form a discharge channel. Each first cover and second cover cooperate with each other to collect and guide the high-temperature gas discharged from the explosion-proof valve of the corresponding battery box. Therefore, once a battery box in the battery system experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas inside the battery box, after being discharged from its explosion-proof valve, will be discharged through the discharge channel jointly defined by the corresponding first cavity, corresponding first through hole, second cavity, and second through hole. In other words, the high-temperature gas generated by the failed battery box will be discharged along the corresponding discharge channel, making the discharge of high-temperature gas directional and preventing it from spraying out randomly. This, to a certain extent, avoids the phenomenon of personnel injury and burning of connecting wires caused by the discharge of high-temperature gas, thereby reducing the hazards after the discharge of high-temperature gas and improving the safety of use.

[0008] Furthermore, after the high-temperature gas is ejected from the explosion-proof valve and enters the corresponding first chamber, it collides with the corresponding first cover, which cools and decelerates it once. After the high-temperature gas in the first chamber is ejected from the first through hole and enters the second chamber, it collides with the second cover, which cools and decelerates it a second time. In other words, during the flow of the high-temperature gas along the preset emission channel, both the corresponding first and second covers play a role in cooling and decelerating the high-temperature gas. Compared with the scheme of directly venting the high-temperature gas to the outside through the explosion-proof valve, this reduces the energy, speed and pressure of the high-temperature gas when it is vented to the outside, thereby further reducing the hazards after the high-temperature gas is vented and further improving the safety of use.

[0009] In one possible design, all the first through holes within the second housing are located on the same side radially relative to the corresponding exhaust ports.

[0010] With the above scheme, all the first through holes in the second housing are arranged on the same side of the radial direction of the corresponding exhaust port. That is, all the first through holes in the second housing are arranged on the same side of the center line of the corresponding exhaust port. In this way, the direction of each first through hole is consistent on the outside of the first housing. Therefore, the first through holes on two adjacent first housings are spaced apart, so that two adjacent first through holes in the second housing will not face each other. In this way, the high-temperature gas discharged from each first through hole into the second cavity will not interfere with each other, improving the smoothness of high-temperature gas discharge and helping to improve the pressure relief efficiency of the failed battery box.

[0011] In one possible design, the second through hole and all the first through holes within the second housing are located on the same side radially of the corresponding exhaust port.

[0012] With the above scheme, the second through hole and all the first through holes in the second housing are arranged on the same side of the radial direction of the corresponding exhaust port. That is, the first through hole and the second through hole are arranged on the same side of the corresponding explosion-proof valve. In this way, after the high temperature gas enters the second cavity from the first through hole, it can be discharged to the outside through the second through hole more quickly. The discharge efficiency is high, which helps the battery box that has thermal runaway to depressurize quickly, thereby further avoiding unsafe phenomena such as fire and explosion of the battery box.

[0013] In one possible design, the first housing includes a housing body and two support plates. The two support plates are positioned opposite each other and spaced apart. The housing body is located between the two support plates and connected to the side of the two support plates facing the second housing. The two support plates, the housing body, and the outer wall of the corresponding battery box together define a first cavity. A first through hole is formed on the housing body.

[0014] With the above scheme, each first cover includes a cover body and two support plates. Each cover body, together with its corresponding two support plates and the outer wall of the corresponding battery box, defines a first cavity. The structure is simple, easy to manufacture, and has good sealing performance. Furthermore, the first through hole is opened on the cover body, so that high-temperature gas can be effectively ejected from the outlet of the first through hole onto the inner wall of the second cover, making the second cover more effective at decelerating the high-temperature gas.

[0015] In one possible design, the enclosure includes a first enclosure section and a second enclosure section. The first enclosure section and the second enclosure section are respectively located on both sides of the center line of the exhaust port of the corresponding explosion-proof valve, and in the direction from the side of the enclosure facing the battery box to the side of the enclosure facing away from the battery box, the first enclosure section and the second enclosure section are inclined towards each other. A first through hole is opened on the first enclosure section or the second enclosure section, and the angle between the first enclosure section or the second enclosure section where the first through hole is located and the outer wall of the battery box facing the first cavity is 20°-60°.

[0016] The above scheme divides the enclosure into a first section and a second section. The first and second sections are arranged on both sides of the center line of the exhaust port of the corresponding explosion-proof valve. Moreover, along the side of the enclosure facing the battery box to the side of the enclosure away from the battery box, that is, along the spray direction of the exhaust port, the first and second sections are inclined towards each other. In this way, the enclosure has a certain gathering effect on high-temperature gas, so that the collision area between the high-temperature gas and the first enclosure after it is sprayed from the explosion-proof valve into the first cavity is larger, thereby enabling the enclosure to better cool and decelerate the high-temperature gas.

[0017] In one possible design, the battery system also includes multiple connectors, with two adjacent first covers within the second cover connected together by the connectors.

[0018] The above solution connects two adjacent first covers within the second cover using connectors. This allows all the first covers within the second cover to be connected into a single integrated structure. This enables multiple first covers to be simultaneously assembled onto the explosion-proof valves of multiple battery boxes located in the same column and / or row, simplifying assembly and improving efficiency. Simultaneously, it enhances the structural strength of the first covers, helping to extend the service life of the first cavity and ensuring that high-temperature gases inside the battery box can escape along a pre-designed exhaust channel in the event of battery box failure, thus further guaranteeing the directionality of high-temperature gas emission.

[0019] In one possible design, all connectors within the second housing are integrally formed with at least all of the first housings.

[0020] The above solution allows the connectors inside the second housing to be integrally formed with all the first housings, which is easy to manufacture, has good integrity, and high structural strength.

[0021] In one possible design, the connector includes a connecting plate that is sealed to the side of the corresponding second housing facing the battery box.

[0022] The above solution uses a connecting plate as the connector, which is simple in structure, easy to manufacture, and improves the fit between the connector and the battery box, resulting in a high level of sealing. Furthermore, since the connecting plate is sealed to the side of the second cover facing the battery box, it seals the portion of the second cover except for the second through-hole, improving the sealing of the second cavity. This ensures that high-temperature gas inside the second cavity can only escape through the second through-hole. In other words, high-temperature gas inside the second cavity will not escape from other areas besides the second through-hole, especially it will not enter between adjacent battery boxes. This further prevents high-temperature gas from burning out the connection lines between battery boxes or damaging other battery boxes, preventing secondary failures in the battery system and improving operational safety.

[0023] In one possible design, the battery system also includes at least one sealing plate. The sealing plate covers the side of all the first covers facing the battery box inside the second cover. The sealing plate is sealed to the corresponding second cover and abuts against the battery box. The sealing plate has a clearance opening at the position of each explosion-proof valve, and one explosion-proof valve is inserted into one clearance opening.

[0024] With the above solution, sealing plates are arranged on the side of all the first covers facing the battery box inside the second cover. The sealing plates connect all the first covers inside the second cover together and seal the side of the first cover facing the battery box as well as the side of the second cover facing the battery box. In addition, the sealing plates are provided with clearance openings for the explosion-proof valves to pass through at the corresponding positions of each explosion-proof valve. The setting of the sealing plates not only improves the sealing performance of the first and second cavities and further ensures that high-temperature gas is discharged along the preset emission channel, but also enhances the structural strength of the first and second covers, which helps to extend the service life of the battery box explosion-proof valve protection structure of this application.

[0025] Meanwhile, because the sealing plate seals the part of the second cover except for the second light-transmitting part, it improves the sealing performance of the second cavity. This allows the high-temperature gas in the second cavity to escape only through the second through hole. In other words, the high-temperature gas in the second cavity will not escape from other areas other than the second through hole, especially it will not enter between two adjacent battery boxes. This further avoids the phenomenon of high-temperature gas burning the connection lines between battery boxes or burning other battery boxes, preventing secondary failure of the battery system and improving the safety of use.

[0026] In one possible design, all the first covers within the second cover are integrally formed with the corresponding second covers.

[0027] With the above solution, the second housing and all the first housings inside it are integrally formed, resulting in good integrity and high structural strength. Furthermore, with a single assembly, the second housing and multiple first housings can be simultaneously assembled onto the explosion-proof valves of multiple battery boxes located in the same column and / or row, making assembly convenient and efficient.

[0028] In one possible design, the radial side of the second casing facing all the vents is an opening, which forms a second through hole.

[0029] The above scheme sets one radial side of all the exhaust ports inside the second casing as an open opening, which is the second through hole. This facilitates the discharge of high-temperature gas in the second cavity, improves the discharge efficiency of high-temperature gas, and allows the high-temperature gas generated by the failed battery box to be discharged in time. This ensures timely depressurization of the failed battery box with high depressurization efficiency, avoids fire and explosion of the battery box, and further ensures safety.

[0030] Secondly, this application provides an electrical device including the battery system described above.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the electrical equipment provided in the second aspect and the various possible designs of the second aspect can be found in the first aspect and the various possible implementations of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 Axonometric view of the battery system described in one embodiment of this application Figure 1 .

[0033] Figure 2 Axonometric view of the battery system described in one embodiment of this application Figure 2 .

[0034] Figure 3 Axonometric view of the battery system described in one embodiment of this application Figure 3 .

[0035] Figure 4 Axonometric view of the battery system described in one embodiment of this application Figure 4 .

[0036] Figure 5 This is an assembly diagram of a battery system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of A in the middle.

[0038] Figure 7 This is an isometric view of the first housing of a battery system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 8 This is an isometric view of the first housing of a battery system according to an embodiment of this application from another perspective.

[0040] Figure 9 This is an isometric view of the first and second housings of the battery system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 10 This is an isometric view of the first housing, connector, and second housing of a battery system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0042] Figure 11 This is an isometric view of the first housing, the sealing plate, and the second housing of the battery system described in one embodiment of this application.

[0043] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Frame; 2. Battery box; 201. Explosion-proof valve; 202. Box body; 203. Battery cell; 3. First cover; 31. First through hole; 32. Cover body; 321. First cover section; 322. Second cover section; 33. Support plate; 4. Second cover; 41. Second through hole; 5. First cavity; 6. Second cavity; 7. Connector; 8. Sealing plate; 81. Clearance opening. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein in the specification of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims and drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0046] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of the phrase "embodiment" in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0047] In this article, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0048] The directional terms appearing in the following description refer to the directions shown in the figures and are not intended to limit the specific structure of the battery system and electrical equipment of this application. For example, in the description of this application, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the figures. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0049] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification and claims of this application or in the aforementioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order, and may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0050] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" means two or more (including two groups).

[0051] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" or "joining" in mechanical structures can refer to a physical connection. A physical connection can be a fixed connection, such as a connection secured by screws, bolts, or other spacers; a physical connection can also be a detachable connection, such as a snap-fit ​​or interlocking connection; a physical connection can also be an integral connection, such as a connection formed by welding, bonding, or integral molding. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] Multiple battery compartments are typically stacked and connected together via wiring to form a unified battery system, thereby improving range. Explosion-proof valves, as safety components, are installed on each battery compartment. Their main function is to open promptly to release pressure in the event of a compartment failure and gas generation, ensuring that the internal pressure of that compartment does not become too high and cause an explosion. The explosion-proof valves on each battery compartment are exposed.

[0053] However, when a battery box experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas inside will be ejected in all directions through the explosion-proof valve, which can not only easily cause personal injury, but also burn out the connecting lines between battery boxes, and even burn out other battery boxes, leading to secondary failure.

[0054] Based on this, this embodiment provides a battery system and electrical equipment. A first cover is provided over the explosion-proof valve of each battery box, forming a first cavity together with the corresponding battery box. A second cover is provided over at least one column and / or at least one row of first covers, forming a second cavity together with all corresponding first covers. A first through-hole is provided on the first cover, located on one side radially to the exhaust port of the corresponding explosion-proof valve. A second through-hole is provided on the second cover, and the second cavity communicates with the outside through the second through-hole, located on one side radially to all exhaust ports within the second cover. Thus, each first cavity, corresponding first through-hole, second cavity, and second through-hole form a discharge channel. Each first cover and second cover cooperates to collect and guide the high-temperature gas discharged from the explosion-proof valve of the corresponding battery box. Therefore, once a battery box in the battery system experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas inside the battery box will be discharged through its explosion-proof valve and then through the corresponding discharge channel, making the discharge of the high-temperature gas directional and preventing it from spraying out randomly. This, to a certain extent, avoids the phenomenon of personnel injury and burning of connecting wires caused by the discharge of high-temperature gas, thereby reducing the hazards after the discharge of high-temperature gas and improving the safety of use.

[0055] The battery system and electrical device provided in this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0056] This embodiment provides an electrical device (not shown) that includes a battery system. The battery system may be, for example, the device's power battery or an emergency backup power source.

[0057] In practice, the electrical equipment could be trucks, city buses, long-distance passenger vehicles, etc. Of course, it could also be ships, etc.

[0058] refer to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a battery system, which includes a frame 1, a plurality of battery boxes 2, a plurality of first covers 3, and at least one second cover 4.

[0059] For details, please refer to Figures 1 to 4As shown, multiple battery boxes 2 are arranged in rows and columns on a frame 1, and at least one column of battery boxes 2 is provided on the frame 1. The explosion-proof valves 201 of all battery boxes 2 in the same column are located on the same side of the frame 1, and the explosion-proof valves 201 of all battery boxes 2 in the same row are located on the same side of the frame 1. Each explosion-proof valve 201 is covered with a first cover 3, and the first cover 3 and the corresponding battery box 2 enclose to form a first cavity 5, and each first cover 3 is provided with a first through hole 31, which is located on one side of the radial direction of the exhaust port of the corresponding explosion-proof valve 201. A second cover 4 is provided on at least one column of all first cover 3, and / or, the second cover 4 is provided on at least one row of all first cover 3; and the second cover 4 and the corresponding first cover 3 enclose to form a second cavity 6, and is provided with a second through hole 41 communicating with the outside, which is located on one side of the radial direction of all exhaust ports inside the second cover 4.

[0060] In a specific implementation, the battery system includes at least one row of battery boxes 2 (defined as a battery row), each battery row includes multiple battery boxes 2, and the multiple battery boxes 2 of each battery row are stacked in the frame 1 along the height direction of the frame 1 and are connected in series / parallel.

[0061] When the battery system includes multiple battery columns, the multiple battery columns are arranged sequentially along the length or width of frame 1, and the multiple battery columns are arranged in rows and columns, and the multiple battery columns are also connected in series / parallel.

[0062] For example, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the battery system includes a battery array, in which the explosion-proof valves 201 of all battery boxes 2 are located on the same side of the frame 1. Each explosion-proof valve 201 is covered by a first cover 3, and a second cover 4 is provided over all the first covers 3 of the battery array. The second covers 4 are arranged along the height of the battery array. The first covers 3 and the second covers 4 cooperate with each other so that when a battery box 2 in the battery system experiences thermal runaway, high-temperature gas can be discharged along the exhaust channel formed by the first covers 3 and the second covers 4, making the discharge of high-temperature gas directional.

[0063] For example, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the battery system includes two battery rows arranged sequentially along the length or width of frame 1, with all explosion-proof valves 201 of the two battery rows located on the same side. Each explosion-proof valve 201 is covered by a first cover 3. The battery system includes two second covers 4, one second cover 4 corresponding to one battery row, and the second covers 4 are arranged along the height of the battery row. The two second covers 4 respectively cover all the first covers 3 of the corresponding battery row.

[0064] For example, refer to Figure 3As shown, the battery system includes two battery rows arranged sequentially along the length or width of frame 1, with all explosion-proof valves 201 of the two battery rows located on the same side. Each explosion-proof valve 201 is covered by a first cover 3. The battery system includes multiple second covers 4, the number of which is the same as the number of stacked battery boxes 2 in each battery row. One second cover 4 corresponds to one row of battery boxes 2, and the second covers 4 are arranged along the direction of the multiple battery rows. Each row of battery boxes 2 is covered by a second cover 4 for all the first explosion-proof valves 201.

[0065] For example, refer to Figure 4 As shown, the battery system includes two battery rows arranged sequentially along the length or width of frame 1, with all explosion-proof valves 201 of the two battery rows located on the same side. Each explosion-proof valve 201 is covered by a first cover 3. The battery system includes a larger second cover 4, which covers all the explosion-proof valves 201 of the two battery rows.

[0066] For specific implementation, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, each battery box 2 includes a box body 202 and battery cells 203. The battery cells 203 are disposed inside the box body 202. An explosion-proof valve 201 is disposed on the side wall of the box body 202, with the side of the explosion-proof valve 201 facing away from the box body 202 exposed outside the box body 202. A first cover 3 covers the explosion-proof valve 201 and is connected to the box body 202. The first cover 3 and the corresponding outer wall of the box body 202 define a first cavity 5. A second cover 4 covers all the explosion-proof valves 201 in at least one column and / or at least one row of battery boxes 2 and is connected to the box body 202. The space covered by the second cover 4, excluding all the first cover 3s, constitutes a second cavity 6.

[0067] During specific assembly, a sealing element, such as a sealing strip, can be provided at the joint between each first cover 3 and the corresponding battery box 2 body 202. The sealing element is arranged circumferentially between the first cover 3 and the corresponding battery box 2 body 202, so that the connection between the first cover 3 and the corresponding battery box 2 has good sealing performance, which improves the sealing performance of the first cavity 5. The high temperature gas in the first cavity 5 can only enter the second cavity 6 through the first through hole 31.

[0068] Of course, a sealing strip can also be provided at the junction of the second cover 4 and the battery box 2 to improve the sealing of the second cavity 6. The high-temperature gas in the second cavity 6 can only be discharged to the outside through the second through hole 41.

[0069] In some implementations, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the first through hole 31 can be, for example, a strip-shaped hole. The length direction of the strip-shaped hole can intersect with the center line of the exhaust port of the corresponding explosion-proof valve 201. The opening area of ​​the first through hole 31 is larger than the opening area of ​​the corresponding exhaust port, so that high-temperature gas can enter the second chamber 6 from the first chamber 5, ensuring the pressure relief efficiency of the failed battery box.

[0070] Of course, in other implementations, the first through hole 31 can also be a circular hole, a diamond-shaped hole, etc.

[0071] The opening area of ​​the second through hole 41 is larger than the opening area of ​​any of its internal exhaust ports, which facilitates the discharge of high-temperature gas from the second cavity 6 and ensures the pressure relief efficiency of the failed battery box.

[0072] The battery system provided in this embodiment arranges the explosion-proof valves 201 of all battery boxes 2 in the same column on the same side of the frame 1, and arranges the explosion-proof valves 201 of all battery boxes 2 in the same row on the same side of the frame 1. A first cover 3 is provided over the explosion-proof valve 201 of each battery box 2, so that the first cover 3 and the corresponding battery box 2 together form a first cavity 5. A second cover 4 is provided over at least one column of first cover 3 and / or at least one row of first cover 3, so that the second cover 4 and all corresponding first cover 3 together form a second cavity 6. A first through hole 31 is provided on the first cover 3, so that the first through hole 31 is located on one side of the radial direction of the exhaust port of the corresponding explosion-proof valve 201, and a second through hole 41 is provided on the second cover 4. The second cavity 6 communicates with the outside through the second through hole 41, and the second through hole 41 is located on one side of the radial direction of all exhaust ports in the second cover 4. In this way, the first cavity 5 in each second cover 4 communicates with the second cavity 6 through the corresponding first through hole 31. Since the second cavity 6 is connected to the outside through the second through hole 41, each first cavity 5, the corresponding first through hole 31, the second cavity 6, and the second through hole 41 form a discharge channel. Each first cover 3 and the second cover 4 cooperate with each other to collect and guide the high-temperature gas discharged from the explosion-proof valve 201 of the corresponding battery box 2. Therefore, once a battery box 2 in the battery system experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas inside the battery box 2 will be discharged through the discharge channel defined by the corresponding first cavity 5, the corresponding first through hole 31, the second cavity 6, and the second through hole 41 after being discharged from its explosion-proof valve 201. In other words, the high-temperature gas generated by the failed battery box will be discharged along the corresponding discharge channel, making the discharge of high-temperature gas directional and preventing it from spraying out randomly. This, to a certain extent, avoids the phenomenon of personnel injury and burning of connecting wires after the high-temperature gas is discharged, thereby reducing the hazards after the high-temperature gas is discharged and improving the safety of use.

[0073] Furthermore, after the high-temperature gas is ejected from the explosion-proof valve 201, it enters the corresponding first cavity 5 and collides with the corresponding first cover 3, which cools and slows it down. After the high-temperature gas in the first cavity 5 is ejected from the first through hole 31, it enters the second cavity 6 and collides with the second cover 4, which cools and slows it down a second time. In other words, during the flow of the high-temperature gas along the preset emission channel, both the corresponding first cover 3 and second cover 4 cool and slow down the high-temperature gas. Compared with the scheme of directly venting the high-temperature gas to the outside through the explosion-proof valve 201, this reduces the energy, speed and pressure of the high-temperature gas when it is vented to the outside, thereby further reducing the hazards after the high-temperature gas is vented and further improving the safety of use.

[0074] Meanwhile, since the second through hole 41 is located on one side of the radial direction of all exhaust ports inside the second housing 4, the high-temperature gas discharged through the second through hole 41 is located on one side of the radial direction of any explosion-proof valve 201 inside the second housing 4. In other words, the high-temperature gas is discharged to the outside from the circumferential side of the explosion-proof valve 201, which further ensures the directionality of the high-temperature gas discharge and thus further ensures safety.

[0075] In some embodiments, all the first through holes 31 within the second housing 4 are located on the same side of the corresponding exhaust port in the radial direction.

[0076] By arranging all the first through holes 31 in the second housing 4 on the same side of the radial direction of the corresponding exhaust port, that is, all the first through holes 31 in the second housing 4 are arranged on the same side of the center line of the corresponding exhaust port, so that each first through hole 31 in the second housing 4 has the same direction outside its first housing 3. Therefore, the first through holes 31 on two adjacent first housings 3 are spaced apart, so that two adjacent first through holes 31 in the second housing 4 will not be opposite each other. In this way, the high temperature gas discharged from each first through hole 31 into the second cavity 6 will not interfere with each other, improving the smoothness of high temperature gas discharge and helping to improve the pressure relief efficiency of the failed battery box.

[0077] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, all the first through holes 31 inside the second housing 4 are located below the corresponding exhaust port. That is, each first through hole 31 is located on the side of its corresponding explosion-proof valve 201 facing the ground. The arrangement is regular, aesthetically pleasing, and facilitates the discharge of high-temperature gas generated by failure.

[0078] In other embodiments, depending on actual working conditions, all the first through holes 31 inside the second cover 4 are located above the center line of the corresponding exhaust port.

[0079] In some embodiments, the second through hole 41 and all the first through holes 31 within the second housing 4 are located on the same side of the radial direction of the corresponding exhaust port.

[0080] By arranging the second through hole 41 and all the first through holes 31 in the second housing 4 on the same side of the radial direction of the corresponding exhaust port, that is, the first through hole 31 and the second through hole 41 are arranged on the same side of the corresponding explosion-proof valve 201, the high-temperature gas can be discharged to the outside through the second through hole 41 more quickly after entering the second cavity 6 through the first through hole 31. The discharge efficiency is high, which helps the battery box 2 to depressurize quickly in case of thermal runaway, thereby further avoiding unsafe phenomena such as fire and explosion of the battery box 2.

[0081] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the second through hole 41 is opened below the second cover 4. All the first through holes 31 inside the second cover 4 are located below the corresponding exhaust ports. The arrangement is regular and aesthetically pleasing, which further facilitates the discharge of high-temperature gas generated by failure.

[0082] The first through-hole 31 is positioned below the first cover 3, and the second through-hole 41 is positioned below the second cover 4. This ensures that the high-temperature gas, after passing through both the first and second through-holes 31, is discharged downwards, towards the ground, thus improving emission safety. Furthermore, if the high-temperature gas carries particles, the particles are easily discharged under gravity, improving the ease of particle emission.

[0083] In other embodiments, depending on actual working conditions, all the first through holes 31 inside the second cover 4 are located above the center line of the corresponding exhaust port, and the second through holes 41 are opened above the second cover 4.

[0084] refer to Figures 5 to 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the first housing 3 includes a cover body 32 and two support plates 33. The two support plates 33 are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart. The cover body 32 is located between the two support plates 33 and is connected to the side of the two support plates 33 facing the second housing 4. The two support plates 33, the cover body 32, and the outer wall of the corresponding battery box 2 together define the first cavity 5. The first through hole 31 is formed on the cover body 32.

[0085] By including a cover body 32 and two support plates 33 in each first cover 32, and defining a first cavity 5 by the two corresponding support plates 33 and the outer wall of the corresponding battery box 2, the structure is simple, easy to manufacture, and has good sealing performance. Furthermore, a first through hole 31 is formed on the cover body 32, allowing high-temperature gas to be effectively ejected from the outlet of the first through hole 31 onto the inner wall of the second cover 4, thus improving the deceleration effect of the second cover 4 on the high-temperature gas.

[0086] In a specific implementation, in each first cover 3, the side of the two support plates 33 facing away from the first cavity 5 can be fitted and connected to the second cover 4, so that the second cavity 6 is defined between the cover 32 and the second cover 4. Since the first through hole 31 is opened on the cover 32, this arrangement facilitates the entry of high temperature gas into the second cavity 6.

[0087] The cover body 32 and the two support plates 33 of each first cover 3 can be integrally formed, which has good integrity, high structural strength and is easy to assemble.

[0088] refer to Figures 6 to 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the cover 32 includes a first cover section 321 and a second cover section 322. The first cover section 321 and the second cover section 322 are respectively disposed on both sides of the center line of the exhaust port corresponding to the explosion-proof valve 201, and in the direction along the side of the cover 32 facing the battery box 2 to the side of the cover 32 away from the battery box 2 (refer to...). Figure 6 In the middle, along the X direction from right to left), the first cover section 321 and the second cover section 322 are inclined towards each other, and the first through hole 31 is opened on the first cover section 321 or the second cover section 322, and the angle between the first cover section 321 or the second cover section 322 where the first through hole 31 is located and the outer wall of the battery box 2 facing the first cavity 5 (refer to the angle between the two sections). Figure 5 The α in the value ranges from 20° to 60°.

[0089] By dividing the cover 32 into a first cover section 321 and a second cover section 322, the first cover section 321 and the second cover section 322 are arranged on both sides of the center line of the exhaust port of the explosion-proof valve 201. Moreover, along the side of the cover 32 facing the battery box 2 to the side of the cover 32 away from the battery box 2, that is, along the spray direction of the exhaust port, the first cover section 321 and the second cover section 322 are inclined towards each other. In this way, the cover 32 has a certain gathering effect on high-temperature gas, so that the collision area between the high-temperature gas and the first cover 3 after the high-temperature gas is sprayed from the explosion-proof valve 201 into the first cavity 5 is larger, thereby making the cover 32 better at cooling and decelerating the high-temperature gas.

[0090] Furthermore, refer to Figure 6As shown, along the jet direction of the exhaust port, the first cover section 321 and the second cover section 322 are inclined towards each other. This results in the second cavity 6 having a smaller inner cavity at the junction of the first cover section 321 and the second cover section 322, and a larger inner cavity at the junction of the second cavity 6 and the second cover section 322. In other words, along the direction from the first cover section 321 to the second cover section 322, or along the direction from the second cover section 322 to the first cover section 321, the preset channel is thicker at both ends and thinner in the middle. Thus, the path from the first through hole 31 to the second through hole 41 is a Venturi channel, and the inner cavity of the second cavity 6 has a Venturi tube. After the high-temperature gas enters the second cavity 6 from the first through hole 31, it passes through the Venturi channel and is discharged from the second through hole 41, resulting in high discharge efficiency and improved pressure relief efficiency of the battery box 2.

[0091] refer to Figure 10 As shown, in some embodiments, the battery system also includes a plurality of connectors 7, and two adjacent first covers 3 within the second cover 4 are connected together by the connectors 7.

[0092] In other words, by connecting two adjacent first covers 3 within the second cover 4 with connector 7, all the first covers 3 within the second cover 4 are connected by connector 7 to form a single integrated structure. This allows multiple first covers 3 to be simultaneously assembled onto multiple battery boxes 2 located in the same column and / or row, with each first cover 3 corresponding to a corresponding explosion-proof valve 201 of a battery box 2. This simplifies assembly and improves efficiency. Simultaneously, it enhances the structural strength of the first covers 3, helping to extend the service life of the first cavity 5 and ensuring that high-temperature gas inside the battery box 2 can be discharged along a pre-designed exhaust channel in the event of battery box 2 failure, thereby further ensuring the directionality of high-temperature gas emission.

[0093] In some embodiments, all connectors 7 within the second housing 4 are integrally formed with at least all first housings 3.

[0094] In practice, all the connecting parts 7 inside the second cover 4 are integrally formed with all the first cover 3, which is easy to manufacture, has good integrity, and high structural strength.

[0095] Of course, in some other implementations, all the connectors 7, all the first covers 3, and the second cover 4 inside the second cover 4 are integrally formed, resulting in better overall integrity, higher structural strength, and easier assembly.

[0096] refer to Figure 10 As shown, in some embodiments, the connector 7 includes a connecting plate that is sealed to the side of the corresponding second housing 4 facing the battery box 2.

[0097] By setting the connector 7 as a connecting plate, the structure is simple and easy to manufacture. At the same time, it also improves the fit between the connector 7 and the battery box 2, resulting in a higher sealing performance.

[0098] Furthermore, since the connecting plate is sealed to the side of the second cover 4 facing the battery box 2, the connecting plate seals the part of the second cover 4 except for the second through hole 41, improving the sealing performance of the second cavity 6. This ensures that the high-temperature gas in the second cavity 6 can only be discharged through the second through hole 41. In other words, the high-temperature gas in the second cavity 6 will not be discharged from other areas other than the second through hole 41, especially it will not enter between two adjacent battery boxes 2. This further avoids the phenomenon of high-temperature gas burning the connection lines between battery boxes 2 and burning other battery boxes 2, preventing secondary failure of the battery system and improving the safety of use.

[0099] In other embodiments, connector 7 may include, for example, a connecting rod.

[0100] refer to Figure 11 As shown, in some embodiments, the battery system further includes at least one sealing plate 8. The sealing plate 8 covers the side of all the first covers 3 facing the battery box 2 inside the second cover 4. The sealing plate 8 is sealed to the corresponding second cover 4 and abuts against the battery box 2. The sealing plate 8 has a clearance opening 81 at the position corresponding to each explosion-proof valve 201, and one explosion-proof valve 201 is inserted into one clearance opening 81.

[0101] By arranging sealing plates 8 on the side of all the first covers 3 facing the battery box 2 inside the second cover 4, all the first covers 3 inside the second cover 4 are connected together by the sealing plates 8, and the side of the first covers 3 facing the battery box 2 and the side of the second cover 4 facing the battery box 2 are sealed. In addition, the sealing plates 8 are provided with clearance openings 81 for the explosion-proof valves 201 to pass through at the positions of each explosion-proof valve 201. The setting of the sealing plates 8 not only improves the sealing performance of the first cavity 5 and the second cavity 6, further ensuring that the high-temperature gas is discharged along the preset emission channel, but also enhances the structural strength of the first covers 3 and the second covers 4, which helps to extend the service life of the explosion-proof valve 201 protection structure of the battery box 2 in this embodiment.

[0102] Meanwhile, since the sealing plate 8 seals the part of the second cover 4 except for the second light-transmitting part, it improves the sealing performance of the second cavity 6, so that the high-temperature gas in the second cavity 6 can only be discharged from the second through hole 41. In other words, the high-temperature gas in the second cavity 6 will not be discharged from other areas other than the second through hole 41, especially it will not enter between two adjacent battery boxes 2, thereby further avoiding the phenomenon of high-temperature gas burning the connection lines between battery boxes 2 and burning other battery boxes 2, so that the battery system will not fail twice and improve the safety of use.

[0103] In practice, the shape of the clearance opening 81 can match the outer contour of the explosion-proof valve 201. This way, when the explosion-proof valve 201 is inserted into the corresponding clearance opening 81, the fit between the two is good, which improves the sealing performance between them.

[0104] In some implementations, the sealing plate 8 can be integrally formed with the first cover 3 and the second cover 4, resulting in good integrity and high structural strength. Of course, in other implementations, the sealing plate 8 can also be connected to the first cover 3 and the second cover 4 by welding, bolts, or other methods.

[0105] In some other implementations, the sealing plate 8 can be directly installed on the housing 202 of the battery box 2. When the first cover 3 and the second cover 4 are installed on the housing 202, the sealing plate 8 covers the first cavity 5 and the second cavity 6 for easy assembly.

[0106] In practice, the sealing plate 8 is made of high-temperature resistant materials, such as aluminum, stainless steel, carbon fiber, etc.

[0107] In some embodiments, all the first covers 3 within the second cover 4 and the corresponding second cover 4 may be integrally formed, for example.

[0108] By integrally molding the second cover 4 with all the first covers 3 inside it, the overall integrity is good and the structural strength is high. Moreover, with a single assembly, the second cover 4 and multiple first covers 3 can be simultaneously assembled onto the explosion-proof valves 201 of multiple battery boxes 2 located in the same column and / or the same row, making assembly convenient and efficient.

[0109] In practice, the second cover 4 may be provided with connecting ears (not shown). The connecting ears may be fixed to the battery box 2 by means of welding, bolt connection or other methods. In this way, the first cover 3 and the second cover 4 can be installed on the battery box 2 together with only one assembly, which is convenient and efficient.

[0110] In other embodiments, the second cover 4 and the first cover 3 are two separate components. During assembly, for example, the first cover 3 can be first placed over the explosion-proof valves 201 of all battery boxes 2, and then the second cover 4 can be attached to the battery boxes 2, so that it covers at least one row and / or at least one column of battery boxes 2.

[0111] refer to Figures 9 to 11 As shown, in some embodiments, the side of the second housing 4 located radially above all the vents is an open opening, which is formed as a second through hole 41.

[0112] By setting one radially upward side of all the exhaust ports inside the second cover 4 as an open opening, which is the second through hole 41, it is easy for the high-temperature gas in the second cavity 6 to be discharged, thereby improving the discharge efficiency of the high-temperature gas. This allows the high-temperature gas generated by the failed battery box to be discharged in time, ensuring timely depressurization of the failed battery box with high depressurization efficiency. This avoids the battery box 2 from catching fire or exploding, further ensuring safety.

[0113] In other embodiments, the side of the second housing 4 located radially above any exhaust port has a blocked cavity wall, and a second through hole 41 is formed in the cavity wall to enable communication between the second cavity 6 and the outside, so that the high-temperature gas entering the second cavity 6 can be discharged to the outside of the second housing 4.

Claims

1. A battery system, characterized in that, It includes a frame, multiple battery boxes, multiple first housings, and at least one second housing; Multiple battery boxes are arranged in rows and columns on the frame, and at least one column of battery boxes is provided on the frame. The explosion-proof valves of all battery boxes in the same column are located on the same side of the frame, and the explosion-proof valves of all battery boxes in the same row are located on the same side of the frame. Each of the explosion-proof valves is covered with the first cover, and the first cover and the corresponding battery box form a first cavity. Each of the first covers is provided with a first through hole, which is located on one side of the radial direction of the exhaust port of the corresponding explosion-proof valve. The second cover is disposed on at least one column of all the first covers, and / or the second cover is disposed on at least one row of all the first covers; and the second cover and the corresponding first covers enclose to form a second cavity, and a second through hole communicating with the outside is provided, the second through hole being located on one side of the radial direction of all the exhaust ports inside the second cover.

2. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, All the first through holes within the second housing are located on the same side radially relative to the corresponding exhaust port.

3. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second through hole and all the first through holes within the second housing are located on the same side of the radial direction of the corresponding exhaust port.

4. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first cover includes a cover body and two support plates; The two support plates are arranged opposite each other and spaced apart. The cover is located between the two support plates and is connected to the side of the two support plates facing the second cover. The two support plates, the cover, and the outer wall of the corresponding battery box together define the first cavity. The first through hole is opened on the cover.

5. The battery system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cover includes a first cover section and a second cover section; The first cover section and the second cover section are respectively located on both sides of the center line of the exhaust port of the corresponding explosion-proof valve. In the direction from the side of the cover body facing the battery box to the side of the cover body away from the battery box, the first cover section and the second cover section are inclined towards each other. The first through hole is opened on the first cover section or the second cover section, and the angle between the first cover section or the second cover section where the first through hole is located and the outer wall of the battery box facing the first cavity is 20°-60°.

6. The battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The battery system also includes multiple connectors, through which two adjacent first covers within the second cover are connected together.

7. The battery system according to claim 6, characterized in that, All of the connectors within the second housing are integrally formed with at least all of the first housings; And / or, the connector includes a connecting plate that is sealed to the side of the corresponding second housing facing the battery box.

8. The battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The battery system also includes at least one sealing plate; The sealing plate covers the side of all the first covers facing the battery box inside the second cover. The sealing plate is sealed to the corresponding second cover and abuts against the battery box. The sealing plate has a clearance opening at the position of each explosion-proof valve, and one explosion-proof valve is inserted into one clearance opening.

9. The battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, All the first covers within the second cover are integrally formed with the corresponding second covers; And / or, one side of the second housing located radially above all the vents is an opening, which is formed as the second through hole.

10. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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