Battery pack and powered device

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a battery pack and a power utilization device. The battery pack comprises a box body and a plurality of battery groups. The box body is provided with a plurality of cold plates arranged at intervals in the height direction, the plurality of cold plates comprising adjacent first and second cold plates, the second cold plate being located below the first cold plate. The plurality of battery groups comprises first and second battery groups, the first battery group being supported on the first cold plate, and the second battery group being supported on the second cold plate, the first battery group comprising a plurality of first batteries, and the second battery group comprising a plurality of second batteries, the top of each second battery being provided with a burst valve, the burst valve being arranged at intervals with the first cold plate in the height direction. When a certain second battery in the second battery group experiences thermal runaway, the burst valve thereof will open and spray high-temperature and high-pressure eruption material, the interval space reserved between the burst valve and the first cold plate providing a vertical channel for pressure relief, avoiding the thermal runaway eruption material from directly impacting the cold plate, thereby protecting the first cold plate structure from being damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of batteries, and in particular, to a battery pack and an electrical device having the battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] Battery packs are typically formed by stacking multiple battery packs to increase the internal energy density. Each battery pack contains multiple batteries, which generate a significant amount of heat during long-term cycling. To ensure that the heat generated during charge-discharge cycles can be dissipated in a timely manner, a cooling plate is usually placed at the bottom of each battery pack layer. Coolant circulation is used to effectively dissipate heat from the batteries, maintaining stable operation within a safe temperature range.

[0003] However, when a single battery experiences thermal runaway, its top explosion-proof valve instantly releases a large amount of high-temperature, high-pressure gas. In existing battery packs, the cooling plate of the upper battery pack is located directly above the explosion-proof valve of the lower battery pack. These ejected gases can directly impact and potentially damage the upper cooling plate, causing it to fail in its cooling function and even triggering the spread of thermal runaway between battery packs. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, this disclosure provides a battery pack to solve the problem that when the lower battery experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature material ejected from its explosion-proof valve impacts or even damages the upper cold plate.

[0005] The battery pack includes a housing and multiple battery packs. The housing contains multiple cold plates spaced apart along the height direction. These cold plates include adjacent first and second cold plates, with the second cold plate located below the first cold plate. The multiple battery packs include first and second battery packs. The first battery packs are supported on the first cold plate, and the second battery packs are supported on the second cold plate. Each first battery pack includes multiple first batteries, and each second battery pack includes multiple second batteries. Each second battery has an explosion-proof valve on its top, and the explosion-proof valves are spaced apart from the first cold plate along the height direction.

[0006] The battery pack disclosed herein comprises multiple battery packs stacked sequentially along the height direction, with multiple battery cells arranged in a plane perpendicular to the height direction within each battery pack. A cold plate is located beneath each battery pack, serving both to support the upper-level first battery pack and to facilitate heat exchange with it. Specifically, the first cold plate located beneath the first battery pack is spaced apart from the second battery pack in the height direction. When a second battery cell in the second battery pack experiences thermal runaway, its explosion-proof valve opens, ejecting high-temperature, high-pressure ejected material. The pre-existing space between the explosion-proof valve and the first cold plate provides a vertical channel for pressure relief, preventing the thermal runaway ejected material from directly impacting the cold plate, thereby protecting the structure of the first cold plate from damage.

[0007] This disclosure also provides an electrical appliance. The electrical appliance includes the aforementioned battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0008] It should be understood that the following figures only illustrate certain embodiments of this disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the scope.

[0009] It should be understood that the same or similar reference numerals are used in the accompanying drawings to denote the same or similar elements.

[0010] It should be understood that the accompanying drawings are only schematic, and the dimensions and scales of the elements in the drawings are not necessarily precise.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An exploded view of the battery pack.

[0013] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial cross-sectional view of the battery pack.

[0014] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] Figure 5 for Figure 4 An exploded view of the battery pack.

[0016] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partial cross-sectional view of the battery pack.

[0019] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 10 This is a partial cross-sectional view of an electrical appliance according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100—Battery pack; 10—Battery group; 11—First battery group; 111—First battery; 12—Second battery group; 121—Second battery; 1211—Explosion-proof valve; 1212—Terminal post; 122—Cover; 1221—Recess; 1222—Contact; 13—Top battery group; 131—Top battery; 20—Box; 21—Cover plate; 211—Cooling channel; 212—Raised part; 213—Non-raised part; 30, 30a, 30b, 30c—Cold plate; 30d—Top cold plate; 31—First cold plate; 311—Protective component; 311a—Protective strip; 32—Second cold plate; 40—Battery management system; 50—Separator beam; 200—Electrical equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Numerous specific details are set forth below to provide an understanding of the structure, function, and use of the embodiments described and illustrated in the specification and figures. It is to be understood that the embodiments described and illustrated herein are non-limiting examples, and thus it will be appreciated that the particular structural and functional details disclosed herein are representative and exemplary. Variations and changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the scope of the claims.

[0023] <Example Battery Pack> This disclosure provides a battery pack according to one embodiment. (See reference...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 The battery pack 100 includes multiple battery groups 10, a housing 20, and a cooling plate 30. The multiple batteries are electrically connected to form the battery groups 10. The housing 20 houses the batteries and the battery management system 40. The batteries are electrically connected to the battery management system 40 to enable the charging and discharging process of the multiple batteries. The batteries and the battery management system 40 are separated by a partition beam 50. The housing 20 and the cover plate 21 serve as external protective structures, typically made of metal or composite materials, and are waterproof, dustproof, and impact-resistant, providing a safe operating environment for the internal components such as the batteries and the battery management system 40.

[0024] The battery pack 100 may also include a battery group 10 composed of multiple batteries connected in series and parallel, and integrate a battery management system 40 (BMS), a thermal management system, an electrical connection system (high-voltage / low-voltage connectors, wiring harnesses, etc.), structural components (casing, brackets, etc.), and protective components. These components are housed within the receiving cavity of the housing 20 and sealed by the housing top cover 60, forming a complete functional unit capable of directly outputting electrical energy. The battery pack 100 can serve as a rechargeable battery group 10, acting as a power source for new energy vehicles, primarily for storing and providing electrical energy.

[0025] Continue to refer to Figure 2The housing 20 contains multiple cold plates 30 arranged at intervals along the height direction. Each cold plate 30 includes an adjacent first cold plate 31 and a second cold plate 32, with the second cold plate 32 located below the first cold plate 31. Multiple battery packs 10 include a first battery pack 11 and a second battery pack 12. The first battery pack 11 is supported on the first cold plate 31, and the second battery pack 12 is supported on the second cold plate 32. The first battery pack 11 includes multiple first batteries 111, and the second battery pack 12 includes multiple second batteries 121. Each second battery 121 has an explosion-proof valve 1211 on its top, and the explosion-proof valves 1211 are arranged at intervals along the height direction from the first cold plate 31.

[0026] In the battery pack 100 disclosed herein, the first cold plate 31 and the second cold plate 32 are a pair of relative concepts. That is, in any two adjacent cold plates 30, the upper cold plate is called the first cold plate, and the lower cold plate is called the second cold plate. For example, see attached... Figure 2 In this battery pack 100, there are multiple cold plates 30a, 30b, and 30c. For cold plates 30a and 30b, 30a is the first cold plate and 30b is the second cold plate; for cold plates 30b and 30c, 30b is the first cold plate and 30c is the second cold plate. The battery pack 100 of this disclosure includes multiple adjacent first and second cold plates. In the following description, the first cold plate is referred to as first cold plate 31, and the second cold plate is referred to as second cold plate 32. Similarly, the first battery pack 11 and the second battery pack 12 are also a pair of relative concepts. That is, in any two adjacent battery packs 10, the battery pack located above is called the first battery pack, and the battery pack located below is called the second battery pack. For example, see attached... Figure 2 In the battery pack 100 disclosed herein, there are multiple battery packs 10a, 10b, 10c, and 10d. For battery packs 10a and 10b, 10a is the first battery pack and 10b is the second battery pack; for battery packs 10b and 10c, 10b is the first battery pack and 10c is the second battery pack; for battery packs 10c and 10d, 10c is the first battery pack and 10d is the second battery pack. The battery pack 100 disclosed herein includes multiple adjacent first and second battery packs. In the following description, the first battery pack is referred to as first battery pack 11 and the second battery pack is referred to as second battery pack 12.

[0027] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3The battery pack 100 disclosed herein can be formed by stacking multiple battery packs 10 sequentially along the height direction. Each battery pack 10 has multiple battery cells arranged in a plane perpendicular to the height direction. A cold plate 30 is provided below each battery pack 10, including a first cold plate 31 and a second cold plate 32. The first cold plate 31 serves both to support the upper first battery pack 11 and to exchange heat with it. Specifically, the first cold plate 31 located below the first battery pack 11 is spaced apart from the second battery pack 12 in the height direction. When a second battery 121 in the second battery pack 12 experiences thermal runaway, its explosion-proof valve 1211 opens, ejecting high-temperature, high-pressure ejected material. The reserved space between the explosion-proof valve 1211 and the first cold plate 31 provides a vertical channel for pressure relief, preventing the thermal runaway ejected material from directly impacting the cold plate 30, thereby protecting the structure of the first cold plate 31 from damage.

[0028] For ease of description, in the accompanying drawings of this disclosure, arrows X+ and X- indicate opposite sides in the width direction, arrows Y+ and Y- indicate opposite sides in the thickness direction, and arrows Z+ and Z- indicate opposite sides in the height direction. The width, thickness, and height directions are perpendicular to each other.

[0029] Continuing with reference 3, the distance between the first cold plate 31 and the explosion-proof valve 1211 in the height direction is T1, in mm, and the height of the second battery 121 is H1, in mm, 0.03≤T1 / H1≤0.13. Preferably, 0.04≤T1 / H1≤0.12. More preferably, 0.05≤T1 / H1≤0.1. Alternatively, the ratio T1 / H1 can also be 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, or 0.09, etc. If T1 / H1 is too small, i.e., T1 / H1 is less than 0.03, the vertical distance between the first cold plate 31 and the explosion-proof valve 1211 is insufficient relative to the height of the second battery 121. This will cause the high-temperature ejected material generated when the second battery 121 experiences thermal runaway to be unable to fully expand and diffuse within the space. At the same time, the impact energy of the high-temperature ejected material will directly act on the first cold plate 31 above, which may cause local overheating, deformation, or damage to the structure of the first cold plate 31. If T1 / H1 is too large, i.e., T1 / H1 is greater than 0.13, the vertical distance between the first cold plate 31 and the explosion-proof valve 1211 is too high relative to the height of the second battery 121. Although this can better avoid the direct impact of high-temperature ejected material during thermal runaway, it will unnecessarily increase the volume of the entire battery pack 100, reduce the internal space utilization and energy density of the battery pack 100, and affect the structural compactness of the battery pack 100. According to the above ratio range, sufficient vertical pressure relief space can be ensured for the high-temperature ejected material, effectively protecting the first cold plate 31 while avoiding the waste of height space in the battery pack 100.

[0030] Further, 10mm ≤ T1 ≤ 20mm, preferably 11mm ≤ T1 ≤ 19mm. More preferably, 12mm ≤ T1 ≤ 18mm. Alternatively, the value of T1 can also be 13mm, 14mm, 15mm, 16mm, or 17mm, etc. 150mm ≤ H1 ≤ 300mm, preferably 160mm ≤ H1 ≤ 280mm. More preferably, 170mm ≤ H1 ≤ 270mm. Alternatively, the value of H1 can also be 190mm, 210mm, 230mm, or 250mm, etc.

[0031] refer to Figure 4 A protective element 311 can be attached to the bottom surface of the first cold plate 31. On a projection plane perpendicular to the height direction, the orthographic projection of the protective element 311 overlaps the orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve 1211. The protective element 311 can be positioned on the bottom surface of the first cold plate 31, i.e., facing the second battery 121. The protective element 311 provides further protection for the first cold plate 31. When the second battery pack 12 experiences thermal runaway and the explosion-proof valve 1211 opens to spray high-temperature substances, the vertical space above the explosion-proof valve 1211 first provides a buffer channel for pressure relief. Simultaneously, the protective element 311 effectively blocks the high-speed sprayed flames and particles from eroding the bottom surface of the first cold plate 31, thereby significantly improving the safety and reliability of the battery pack 100 under thermal runaway conditions and extending the service life of the first cold plate 31.

[0032] Continue to refer to Figure 4 The distance between the first cold plate 31 and the explosion-proof valve 1211 is T1 (in mm), and the height of the second battery 121 is H1 (in mm). The ratio T1 / H1 is 0.03 ≤ T1 / H1 ≤ 0.1. Preferably, it is 0.04 ≤ T1 / H1 ≤ 0.09. More preferably, it is 0.05 ≤ T1 / H1 ≤ 0.08. Alternatively, the ratio T1 / H1 can be 0.06, 0.065, 0.07, or 0.075. If T1 / H1 is too small, i.e., less than 0.03, the high-temperature, high-pressure material ejected during thermal runaway will not have sufficient buffer space and will prematurely impact the protective component 311 attached to the first cold plate 31, increasing the risk of the first cold plate 31 being burned or structurally damaged, thus weakening the protective effect. If T1 / H1 is too large, i.e., T1 / H1 is greater than 0.1, although it can provide more ample exhaust channels, it will significantly reduce the space utilization rate of the battery pack 100 in the height direction, resulting in unnecessary volume waste and hindering the compactness and energy density improvement of the battery pack 100. Based on the above ratio range, compared to... Figure 3 In the structure without protective component 311, the distance T1 between the second battery 121 and the first cold plate 31 after the protective component 311 is installed can be smaller, which can also provide sufficient protection for the first cold plate 31.

[0033] refer to Figure 5 Multiple second batteries 121 are arranged along their thickness direction. The protective element 311 is a protective strip 311a extending along the thickness direction. On a projection plane perpendicular to the height direction, the orthographic projection of the protective strip 311a covers the orthographic projection of multiple explosion-proof valves 1211 of the multiple second batteries 121. The protective strip 311a can provide uniform pressure relief protection for a whole row of second batteries 121 arranged along the thickness direction, avoiding the installation difficulty caused by setting up a small protective element 311 for each explosion-proof valve 1211. The protective strip 311a not only simplifies the overall structure and assembly cost of the protective element 311, but also ensures that in the event of thermal runaway of any one or more adjacent batteries, the ejected material can be effectively intercepted, preventing it from damaging the cold plate 30, thereby improving the reliability of the protection.

[0034] Continue to refer to Figure 5 The width of the protective strip 311a is W1, and the width of the explosion-proof valve 1211 is W2, both in mm. The ratio is 1.02 ≤ W1 / W2 ≤ 2.7. Preferably, 1.1 ≤ W1 / W2 ≤ 2.5. More preferably, 1.3 ≤ W1 / W2 ≤ 2.3. Alternatively, the ratio W1 / W2 can be 1.5, 1.7, 1.9, or 2.1. If W1 / W2 is too small, i.e., less than 1.02, the coverage width of the protective strip 311a is insufficient compared to the explosion-proof valve 1211. This may cause high-temperature ejected material during thermal runaway to scorch areas on the first cold plate 31 not covered by the protective strip 311a, thus bypassing the protective strip 311a and directly impacting the first cold plate 31, weakening the protective effect of the protective strip 311a on the first cold plate 31. If W1 / W2 is too large, i.e., W1 / W2 is greater than 2.7, then the protective strip 311a is much wider than the actual protection requirements. This would result in material waste, increased unnecessary weight and cost, and might affect the layout space of the flow channels inside the first cold plate 31 of the battery pack 100. According to the above ratio range, it is possible to ensure that the protective strip 311a effectively covers the spray area of ​​the explosion-proof valve 1211, while avoiding material redundancy and reduced space efficiency caused by the protective strip 311a being too wide.

[0035] Further, 28.5mm ≤ W1 ≤ 50mm, preferably 30mm ≤ W1 ≤ 48mm. More preferably, 32mm ≤ W1 ≤ 45mm. Alternatively, the value of W1 can also be 35mm, 37mm, 39mm, or 41mm, etc. 18mm ≤ W2 ≤ 28mm. Preferably, 19mm ≤ W2 ≤ 27mm. More preferably, 20mm ≤ W2 ≤ 26mm. Alternatively, the value of W2 can also be 21mm, 22mm, 23mm, 24mm, or 25mm, etc.

[0036] refer to Figure 6A cover 122 is provided on the top of the second battery 121. On a projection plane perpendicular to the height direction, the orthographic projection of the cover 122 covers the orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve 1211. When the explosion-proof valve 1211 is opened, the cover 122 provides initial blocking and diversion of the high-temperature jet, effectively dispersing the concentrated impact energy and reducing the direct impact on the first cold plate 31.

[0037] Continue to refer to Figure 6 The cover 122 has an upwardly recessed portion 1221 on the side facing the second battery 121. On a projection plane perpendicular to the height direction, the orthographic projection of the recessed portion 1221 overlaps the orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve 1211, thus forming an exhaust channel between the recessed portion 1221 and the top of the second battery 121. The recessed portion 1221 is positioned directly opposite the explosion-proof valve 1211, and can withstand the upwardly ejected high-temperature and high-pressure airflow in the event of thermal runaway. It also provides a buffer space for the initially ejected high-temperature substances and airflow, effectively absorbing and dispersing the initial pressure, and preventing the sudden increase in pressure from impacting or damaging the first cold plate 31.

[0038] Continue to refer to Figure 6 The distance between the first cold plate 31 and the explosion-proof valve 1211 in the height direction is T1, in mm. The height of the second battery 121 is H1, in mm, and 0.03 ≤ T1 / H1 ≤ 0.1. Preferably, 0.04 ≤ T1 / H1 ≤ 0.09. More preferably, 0.05 ≤ T1 / H1 ≤ 0.08. Alternatively, the ratio T1 / H1 can also be 0.06, 0.065, 0.07, or 0.075, etc. If T1 / H1 is too small, i.e., T1 / H1 is less than 0.03, the vertical distance T1 between the first cold plate 31 and the explosion-proof valve 1211 is insufficient relative to the battery height H1. This will result in insufficient expansion and buffering space for the high-temperature, high-pressure material and gas ejected from the explosion-proof valve 1211 during thermal runaway. Most of the energy will directly and violently impact the upper first cold plate 31, increasing the risk of deformation, ablation, or even functional failure of the first cold plate 31 due to instantaneous overheating or overpressure. If T1 / H1 is too large, i.e., T1 / H1 is greater than 0.1, the vertical distance T1 between the first cold plate 31 and the explosion-proof valve 1211 relative to the battery height H1 is too large. Although this provides ample venting channels for the ejected material during battery runaway and ensures higher safety, it directly leads to a significant reduction in the space utilization rate of the battery pack 100 in the height direction. Based on the above ratio range, compared to... Figure 3 In the structure without protective component 311, the distance T1 between the second battery 121 and the first cold plate 31 after the protective component 311 is installed can be smaller, which can also provide sufficient protection for the first cold plate 31.

[0039] Continue to refer to Figure 6The second battery 121 includes two terminals 1212 with opposite polarities, which are spaced apart in the width direction of the second battery 121. The explosion-proof valve 1211 is located between the two terminals 1212 in the width direction. The cover 122 includes two contact portions 1222 located on opposite sides of the recess 1221 in the width direction. On the projection plane perpendicular to the height direction, the orthographic projections of the two contact portions 1222 respectively cover the orthographic projections of the two terminals 1212. Each contact portion 1222 is in contact with the first cold plate 31 and the corresponding terminal 1212. The cover 122 establishes contact with the two terminals 1212 of the second battery 121 and the first cold plate 31 through contact portions 1222 on both sides. The cover 122 can be made of a thermally conductive material, which not only provides pressure relief and buffering through the recessed portions 1221 in the event of thermal runaway, but also continuously conducts the heat generated by the two terminals 1212 during the normal operation of the second battery 121 to the first cold plate 31 above, greatly improving the heat dissipation conditions of the battery and reducing the operating temperature of the battery. At the same time, the low temperature of the first cold plate 31 can also cool the two terminals 1212 of the second battery 121 through the cover 122, realizing heat exchange.

[0040] refer to Figure 7 The housing 20 includes a cover plate 21 that covers the top battery pack 13 among multiple battery packs 10. The cover plate 21 has cooling channels 211 within it, allowing for heat exchange between the cover plate 21 and the top battery pack 13. By providing cooling channels 211 within the cover plate 21 covering the top battery pack 13, the cover plate 21 can directly contact the top battery pack 13 for heat exchange. Alternatively, a heat-conducting component can be placed between the cover plate 21 and the top battery pack 13 to achieve rapid cooling of the top battery pack 13, instead of relying solely on air contact for heat exchange. The cooling channels 211 within the cover plate 21 effectively address the potential problem of insufficient heat dissipation for the top battery pack 131 due to its location, simplifying the internal structure of the battery pack 100 and improving space utilization and integration.

[0041] refer to Figure 8The top-layer battery pack 13 includes multiple top-layer batteries 131, each of which is equipped with an explosion-proof valve 1211 on its top. The cover plate 21 has an upwardly raised portion 212. On a projection plane perpendicular to the height direction, the orthographic projection of the raised portion 212 overlaps the orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve 1211 of the top-layer battery 131, thus forming a top-layer exhaust channel with the top of the top-layer battery 131. The raised portion 212 on the cover plate 21 provides a top-layer exhaust channel for the top-layer battery pack 13. That is, when the top-layer battery 131 experiences thermal runaway, the top-layer exhaust channel can provide a preset outlet path for the upwardly ejected high-temperature and high-pressure material, preventing the ejected material from directly impacting the inner wall of the cover plate 21 on the side facing the top-layer battery 131, which could lead to pressure buildup or structural damage. The raised portion 212 can also provide initial buffering and expansion space, effectively attenuating the impact energy of the jet stream. In addition, the raised portion 212 can also enhance the local stiffness of the cover plate 21.

[0042] Continue to refer to Figure 8The distance from the raised portion 212 to the explosion-proof valve 1211 of the top battery 131 is T2 (in mm), and the height of the top battery 131 is H2 (in mm). The ratio is 0.03 ≤ T2 / H2 ≤ 0.2, preferably 0.05 ≤ T2 / H2 ≤ 0.18. More preferably, 0.06 ≤ T2 / H2 ≤ 0.17. Alternatively, the ratio T2 / H2 can be 0.08, 0.1, 0.12, 0.14, or 0.16. If T2 / H2 is too small, i.e., less than 0.03, the vertical distance T2 between the raised portion 212 and the explosion-proof valve 1211 of the top battery 131 is insufficient. This will result in insufficient space for the high-temperature, high-pressure material ejected from the explosion-proof valve 1211 to initially expand and buffer when the top battery 131 experiences thermal runaway. The high-temperature ejected material will directly impact the raised portion 212 of the upper cover plate 21. Excessive proximity will cause the impact force of the jet stream to be too concentrated, easily exceeding the structural bearing capacity of the cover plate 21, thus significantly increasing the risk of deformation and ablation of the cover plate 21. If T2 / H2 is too large, i.e., T2 / H2 is greater than 0.2, the vertical distance T2 between the raised part 212 and the explosion-proof valve 1211 of the top battery 131 is too large. Although this provides sufficient buffer space for the pressure relief of the top battery pack 13, it will unnecessarily increase the overall height of the battery pack 100, resulting in a decrease in the space utilization rate of the battery pack 100 in the height direction. According to the above ratio range, it is necessary to ensure that sufficient buffer space is provided for the thermal runaway ejection of the top layer, effectively protect the structural integrity of the cover plate 21, and avoid the ineffective waste of the top space of the battery pack 100. Further, 10mm≤T2≤30mm, preferably 12mm≤T2≤28mm. More preferably, 15mm≤T2≤25mm. Alternatively, the value of T2 can also be 17mm, 19mm, 21mm or 23mm, etc. Further, 150mm≤H2≤300mm, preferably 170mm≤H2≤280mm. More preferably, 190mm≤H2≤260mm. Alternatively, the value of H2 can also be 200mm, 220mm, 240mm, or 260mm, etc.

[0043] Continue to refer to Figure 8Each top-layer battery 131 also includes two terminals 1212 with opposite polarities, spaced apart in the width direction of the top-layer battery 131. An explosion-proof valve 1211 is located between the two terminals 1212 in the width direction. The cover plate 21 also includes two non-protruding portions 213 located on opposite sides of the raised portion 212 in the width direction. On a projection plane perpendicular to the height direction, the orthographic projections of the two non-protruding portions 213 respectively cover the orthographic projections of the two terminals 1212. Each non-protruding portion 213 is in contact with the cover plate 21 and the corresponding terminal 1212. Through the contact between the non-protruding portions 213 on the cover plate 21 and the two terminals 1212 of the top-layer battery 131, a heat exchange path can be established between the terminals 1212 and the cooling channels 211 within the cover plate 21. This allows the large amount of heat generated at the terminal post 1212 when the top battery 131 is working to be directly conducted to the cover plate 21 and carried away by the cooling channel 211 on the cover plate 21, effectively improving the heat exchange capacity of the top battery 131 and the battery pack 100.

[0044] refer to Figure 9 The housing 20 includes a cover plate 21 that covers the top battery pack 13 of the multiple battery packs 10. The top battery pack 13 includes multiple top batteries 131, each of which has an explosion-proof valve 1211 on its top. A top cooling plate 30d is provided between the cover plate 21 and the multiple top batteries 131, avoiding the explosion-proof valve 1211 of the top batteries 131. The top cooling plate 30d can directly exchange heat with the top battery pack 13, effectively solving the problem of insufficient heat dissipation of the top batteries 131 caused by the large distance between the terminals 1212 of the top batteries 131 and the cooling plate 30 at the bottom of the top batteries 131. The top cooling plate 30d ensures the uniformity of the temperature field within the battery pack 100, improving the overall thermal performance. At the same time, the top cooling plate 30d avoids the area directly above the explosion-proof valve 1211, reserving a vertical pressure relief path for high-temperature and high-pressure ejected materials in the event of thermal runaway, preventing the ejected materials from directly impacting the top cooling plate 30d and causing damage.

[0045] Continue to refer to Figure 9Multiple top-layer batteries 131 are arranged along their thickness direction. Each top-layer battery 131 includes two terminals 1212 with opposite polarities at its top. The two terminals 1212 are spaced apart in the width direction of the top-layer battery 131. An explosion-proof valve 1211 is located between the two terminals 1212 in the width direction. The top-layer cold plate 30d is a strip extending along the thickness direction. On a projection plane perpendicular to the height direction, the orthographic projections of the two top-layer cold plates 30d respectively cover the orthographic projections of the two terminals 1212 of the top-layer battery 131. The strip-shaped top-layer cold plate 30d is aligned with and covers the terminals 1212 on the projection plane perpendicular to the height direction. That is, the top-layer cold plate 30d acts directly on the terminal 1212 area of ​​the top-layer battery 131 where heat is most concentrated, establishing the shortest and most efficient heat conduction path. This allows for the rapid removal of a large amount of heat generated at the terminals 1212, improving heat dissipation efficiency. While ensuring heat dissipation capacity, reducing the amount of material used in the top-layer cold plate 30d helps to achieve lightweighting and cost control of the battery pack 100. Meanwhile, the strip-shaped top cold plate 30d reserves a pressure relief space between the two pole posts 1212, that is, in the area directly above the explosion-proof valve 1211, to provide an exhaust channel for the opening of the explosion-proof valve 1211 and the release of high-temperature ejected materials in the event of thermal runaway.

[0046] <Example Electrical Equipment> This utility model embodiment also provides an electrical device 200, which may include the battery pack 100 described above.

[0047] By way of example only, electrical equipment 200 can be, but is not limited to, vehicles, ships, aircraft, household appliances, and industrial equipment. For example, vehicles can be passenger cars, trucks, construction vehicles, etc.

[0048] In addition, the electrical equipment 200 can also be used for the storage, conversion and release of recyclable electrical energy.

[0049] In a non-restrictive example, refer to Figure 10 The electrical equipment 200 can be an electric vehicle 200, and the battery pack 100 can be used as a power source to provide power to the electric vehicle 200.

[0050] It should be noted that the elements described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0051] It should be understood that multiple components and / or parts can be provided by a single integrated component or part. Alternatively, a single integrated component or part can be divided into multiple separate components and / or parts. The use of the public designation "a" or "an" to describe a component or part does not imply the exclusion of other components or parts.

[0052] It should be understood that although terms such as “first” or “second” may be used in this disclosure to describe various elements (such as the first cold plate and the second cold plate), these elements are not defined by these terms, which are only used to distinguish one element from another.

[0053] The basic principles of this disclosure have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, and effects mentioned in this disclosure are merely examples and not limitations, and should not be considered as essential features of each embodiment of this disclosure. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed above are for illustrative and facilitative purposes only, and are not limitations. These details do not limit the scope of this disclosure to the necessity of employing the aforementioned specific details for implementation.

[0054] The above are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: The housing contains a plurality of cold plates arranged at intervals along the height direction. The plurality of cold plates include an adjacent first cold plate and a second cold plate, with the second cold plate located below the first cold plate. Multiple battery packs, including a first battery pack and a second battery pack, wherein the first battery pack is supported on a first cold plate and the second battery pack is supported on a second cold plate, the first battery pack includes multiple first batteries and the second battery pack includes multiple second batteries, and each second battery is provided with an explosion-proof valve on its top, the explosion-proof valve and the first cold plate being arranged at intervals in the height direction.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the first cold plate and the explosion-proof valve in the height direction is T1, in mm, and the height of the second battery is H1, in mm, where 0.03 ≤ T1 / H1 ≤ 0.

13.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, 10mm≤T1≤20mm, and / or, 150mm≤H1≤300mm.

4. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, A protective component is attached to the bottom surface of the first cold plate. The protective component insulates the first cold plate from the second battery and provides a buffer for the first cold plate when the explosion-proof valve of the second battery is opened. On the projection plane perpendicular to the height direction, the orthographic projection of the protective component covers the orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve.

5. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, The distance between the first cold plate and the explosion-proof valve is T1, in mm, and the height of the second battery is H1, in mm, where 0.03 ≤ T1 / H1 ≤ 0.

1.

6. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, The plurality of second batteries are arranged along their thickness direction, and the protective member is a protective strip extending along the thickness direction. On a projection plane perpendicular to the height direction, the orthographic projection of the protective strip covers the orthographic projection of the plurality of explosion-proof valves of the plurality of second batteries.

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that, The width of the protective strip is W1, and the width of the explosion-proof valve is W2, both in mm, and 1.02≤W1 / W2≤2.

7.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that, 28.5mm≤W1≤50mm, and / or, 18mm≤W2≤28mm.

9. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the second battery is covered with a cover, and on a projection plane perpendicular to the height direction, the orthographic projection of the cover overlaps the orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve.

10. The battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cover has an upwardly recessed portion on the side facing the second battery. On a projection plane perpendicular to the height direction, the orthographic projection of the recessed portion covers the orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve, so that an exhaust channel is formed between the recessed portion and the top of the second battery.

11. The battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that, The distance between the first cold plate and the explosion-proof valve in the height direction is T1, in mm. The height of the second battery is H1, in mm, and 0.03≤T1 / H1≤0.

1.

12. The battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second battery includes two terminals with opposite polarities, which are spaced apart in the width direction of the second battery. The explosion-proof valve is located between the two terminals in the width direction. The cover includes an upwardly recessed portion on the side facing the second battery, and two contact portions located on opposite sides of the recessed portion in the width direction. On a projection plane perpendicular to the height direction, the orthographic projections of the two contact portions respectively cover the orthographic projections of the two terminals. Each contact portion is in contact with the first cold plate and the corresponding terminal.

13. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing includes a cover plate that covers the top battery pack among the plurality of battery packs. The cover plate has cooling channels inside and exchanges heat with the top battery pack.

14. The battery pack according to claim 13, characterized in that, The top-level battery pack includes multiple top-level batteries, and each top-level battery is also provided with an explosion-proof valve on its top. The cover plate is provided with an upwardly raised portion. On a projection plane perpendicular to the height direction, the orthographic projection of the raised portion covers the orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve of the top-level battery, so that the raised portion and the top of the top-level battery form a top-level exhaust channel.

15. The battery pack according to claim 14, characterized in that, The distance from the raised portion to the explosion-proof valve of the top battery is T2, in mm, and the height of the top battery is H2, in mm. 0.03≤T2 / H2≤0.2, and / or, 10mm≤T2≤30mm, and / or, 150mm≤H2≤300mm.

16. The battery pack according to claim 14, characterized in that, Each top-layer battery includes two terminals with opposite polarities, spaced apart in the width direction of the top-layer battery. The explosion-proof valve is located between the two terminals in the width direction. The cover plate also includes two non-protruding portions located on opposite sides of the protrusion in the width direction. On a projection plane perpendicular to the height direction, the orthographic projections of the two non-protruding portions respectively cover the orthographic projections of the two terminals. Each non-protruding portion is in contact with the cover plate and the corresponding terminal.

17. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing includes a cover plate that covers the top battery pack among the plurality of battery packs. The top battery pack includes a plurality of top batteries, each of which has an explosion-proof valve on its top. A top cold plate is provided between the cover plate and the plurality of top batteries, and the top cold plate avoids the explosion-proof valve of the top battery.

18. The battery pack according to claim 17, characterized in that, The plurality of top-layer batteries are arranged along their thickness direction. Each top-layer battery includes two poles with opposite polarities at its top. The two poles are spaced apart in the width direction of the top-layer battery. The explosion-proof valve is located between the two poles in the width direction. The top-layer cold plate is a strip extending along the thickness direction. On a projection plane perpendicular to the height direction, the orthographic projections of the two top-layer cold plates respectively cover the orthographic projections of the two poles of the top-layer battery.

19. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

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