A battery tab fuse protection device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to lithium ion battery safety technical field provides a kind of battery connecting piece fuse protection device, including connecting piece, protection piece and fuse piece;Connecting piece surface is equipped with connecting hole, connecting hole is used to connect external electric core;Several fuse pieces are parallelly arranged, and are installed in connecting piece, and form fuse area in connecting piece;Several protection pieces are fixedly installed in the surface of connecting piece installation fuse piece, and are arranged above fuse piece.This utility model sets up several fuse areas on connecting piece, when current overflows gradient distribution is formed in fuse area, and make fuse piece melt before connecting piece, to guarantee the prerequisite of electric core safety, fast response overcurrent condition, improve the reliability and practicality of fuse protection;The protection piece of the utility model separates the molten metal, ensures that molten metal does not reconnect together because of mechanical vibration, prevents secondary short circuit, can improve the structural strength and safety performance of electric core.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of lithium-ion battery safety technology, and specifically relates to a battery connector melting protection device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the global economy, the massive consumption of traditional energy sources has led to severe air pollution, and resource scarcity and environmental pollution problems are becoming increasingly prominent. In this environment, new energy technologies have continued to develop with the attention and strong support of various countries. Lithium-ion batteries, due to their advantages such as high specific energy, long cycle life, no memory effect, and low self-discharge rate, are widely used in all aspects of human society, including clothing, food, housing, and transportation.

[0003] The development of lithium-ion batteries currently faces certain problems and challenges, especially safety issues. External short circuits are a relatively common type of failure in lithium-ion batteries. At the moment of an external short circuit, the extremely large current between the positive and negative electrodes can cause localized overheating, leading to leakage, explosion, or spontaneous combustion of a single battery cell, triggering a chain reaction and resulting in the destruction of more batteries. To prevent external short circuits, a high-current fuse protection device for use in modules or battery packs is urgently needed. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the problems in the background art, this utility model proposes a battery connector fuse protection device.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A battery connector fuse protection device includes a connector, a protective element, and a fuse. The connecting piece has a connecting hole on its surface, which is used to connect an external battery cell; Several of the aforementioned fuse elements are arranged in parallel and installed in the connecting piece, forming a fuse area in the connecting piece; Several of the protective components are fixedly installed on the surface of the connecting piece and span over the fuse.

[0006] Preferably, the connecting piece includes a middle plate and end plates located on both sides of the middle plate; The end face of the intermediate plate corresponding to the end plate is provided with a plurality of first V-shaped grooves; The end plate has several second V-shaped grooves on its surface facing the middle plate; On the surfaces corresponding to the intermediate plate and the end plate, the first V-groove and the second V-groove are of the same size and are staggered from each other; the fusion element is installed between the staggered first V-groove and the second V-groove to connect the intermediate plate and the end plate, thereby forming the fusion area.

[0007] Preferably, the protective component is strip-shaped and has several integral connecting blocks on its surface facing the connecting piece; At least one of the connecting blocks is fixedly connected to the end plate, and at least one of the connecting blocks is fixedly connected to the intermediate plate.

[0008] Preferably, the protective component is made of silicon carbide or alumina ceramic.

[0009] Preferably, the fusible link is composed of V-shaped parts connected in sequence, and the fusible link is adapted to the gap between the first V-shaped groove and the second V-shaped groove.

[0010] Preferably, the fuse element is made of Sn-Bi-Pb alloy.

[0011] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting piece is proportional to the magnitude of the overcurrent.

[0012] Preferably, the connecting piece is made of aluminum or copper.

[0013] Preferably, a surface coating is provided at the interface where the fuse and the connecting piece mate, and the surface coating is used to reduce the interface resistance between the fuse and the connecting piece.

[0014] Preferably, the connecting piece is a rectangular plate structure; The number of the connecting hole, the protective component, and the fuse is two each; With the longitudinal centerline of the connecting piece as the center, the two connecting holes and the two fuses are symmetrically arranged, and the connecting holes are opened on the surface of the end plate. With the transverse center line of the connecting piece as the center, the two protective components are symmetrically arranged.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This utility model sets several fusing areas on the connecting piece. When the current is overcurrent, a gradient distribution is formed in the fusing area, and the fuse breaks before the connecting piece. Thus, under the premise of ensuring the safety of the battery cell, it can quickly respond to the overcurrent situation and improve the reliability and practicality of the fusing protection. 2. The protective component of this utility model separates the molten metal, ensuring that the molten metal will not reconnect due to mechanical vibration, preventing secondary short circuits, improving the structural strength and safety performance of the battery cell. In addition, while ensuring the original performance of the connecting piece, it increases the structural strength of the fused position, ensuring that the connecting piece remains disconnected after melting and does not shift.

[0016] Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained through the structures pointed out in the description and the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery connector fuse protection device. Figure 2 The thermal imaging distribution of a conventional connector design under a 2000A current-induced fuse failure is shown. Figure 3 The diagram shows a thermal imaging simulation of the connecting piece design of this utility model under a 2000A current fusing condition.

[0019] In the figure: 1. Connecting piece; 101. Connecting hole; 102. Middle plate; 103. End plate; 104. First V-groove; 105. Second V-groove; 2. Protective component; 201. Connecting block; 3. Fusible component. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, a battery connector fuse protection device includes a connector 1, protective components 2, and fuse components 3. The connector 1 is a rectangular plate structure with two connection holes 101, preferably bolt holes, on its surface. These connection holes 101 are used to achieve electrical connection with an external battery cell. The two fuse components 3 are arranged in parallel and installed on the connector 1, forming two independent fuse areas with the connector 1. The two protective components 2 are fixedly installed on the surface of the connector 1 and span over the two fuse components 3 to provide protection for the fuse areas.

[0022] Furthermore, the connecting piece 1 is composed of an intermediate plate 102 and end plates 103 symmetrically distributed on both sides thereof. The intermediate plate 102 has several first V-shaped grooves 104 on its end face corresponding to the end plate 103, and the end plate 103 has several second V-shaped grooves 105 on its surface facing the intermediate plate 102. On the surfaces of the intermediate plate 102 and the end plate 103, the first V-shaped grooves 104 and the second V-shaped grooves 105 are of the same size and staggered. The fuse 3 is installed between the staggered first V-shaped grooves 104 and second V-shaped grooves 105, thereby connecting the intermediate plate 102 and the end plate 103 and forming a fusing area. This staggered V-shaped groove design effectively increases the contact area between the fuse 3 and the connecting piece 1, enhancing the mechanical stability of the connection. Simultaneously, the special structure of the V-shaped grooves allows the current to form a gradient distribution in the fusing area during overload, causing the fuse 3 to fuse preferentially. This ensures the safety of the battery cell while rapidly responding to overcurrent conditions, improving the reliability and practicality of the fusing protection.

[0023] Optionally, with the longitudinal centerline of the connecting piece 1 as the center, the two connecting holes 101 and the two fuses 3 are symmetrically arranged, and the connecting holes 101 are opened on the surface of the end plate 103; in addition, with the transverse centerline of the connecting piece 1 as the center, the two protective pieces 2 are symmetrically arranged.

[0024] Furthermore, the protective component 2 is strip-shaped, and three integral connecting blocks 201 are provided on the surface facing the connecting piece 1; the connecting blocks 201 at both ends are fixedly connected to the end plate 103 by injection molding, and the remaining connecting block 201 is fixedly connected to the middle plate 102 by injection molding. The protective component 2 (including the connecting blocks 201) is generally made of high-temperature resistant insulating material, such as silicon carbide or alumina ceramic.

[0025] Furthermore, the fuse element 3 is composed of V-shaped parts connected in sequence, which are adapted to the gap between the first V-shaped groove 104 and the second V-shaped groove 105. This structural design enables the fuse element 3 to form a surface contact with the connecting piece 1 rather than a point contact. While increasing the contact area, it achieves a uniform distribution of stress, thereby significantly improving the mechanical stability of the fuse area.

[0026] Furthermore, the fuse element 3 is made of Sn-Bi-Pb alloy, which has a resistivity 8 to 10 times that of pure copper. During current flow, it exhibits Joule heat accumulation, making it suitable as a fuse material. When the battery cell carries a large current, heat accumulates in the fuse area of ​​the V-shaped slit, such as... Figure 3As shown, the melting point is reached first in the fusing area, thereby cutting off the large current and preventing a chain reaction. Compared with the conventional design of the connecting piece 1, the design of the fusing area of ​​the connecting piece 1 in this embodiment is reasonable, ensuring the stability and conductivity of the connecting piece 1 under normal operating current, while greatly shortening the fusing time under abnormal large current, effectively protecting the battery pack from overcurrent damage, avoiding the probability of thermal runaway, and improving the safety and reliability of the battery pack.

[0027] After a meltdown, the protective component 2 supports the fused connecting piece 1, ensuring the structural stability of the module or battery pack. Furthermore, the protective component 2 separates the molten metal, preventing it from reconnecting due to mechanical vibration and thus preventing secondary short circuits. Therefore, this embodiment improves the structural strength and safety performance of the battery cell.

[0028] Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting piece 1 is directly proportional to the magnitude of the overcurrent. When the length and width of the connecting piece 1 remain constant, if the overcurrent increases, the thickness of the connecting piece 1 will increase. Figure 1 The thickness of the connecting piece 1 is preferably 4mm.

[0029] Furthermore, the connecting piece 1 is made of aluminum or copper. The aluminum connecting piece 1 has the advantage of low density, which can effectively reduce the overall weight of the battery pack and is suitable for lightweight applications. The copper connecting piece 1 has higher conductivity, which can reduce energy loss during high-current charging and discharging and is suitable for high-power applications.

[0030] Furthermore, a surface coating, optionally Au / Ni, is provided at the interface where the fuse 3 mates with the connecting piece 1. This surface coating reduces the interface resistance with the connecting piece 1, thereby reducing heat generation at the interface and ensuring the stability of the connection reliability throughout the battery pack's lifespan.

[0031] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, where Figure 2 Simulation of a 2000A high-current overcurrent without a fuse area. Figure 3 Simulation of a 2000A high-current overcurrent with a fuse zone.

[0032] in addition Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the middle connecting piece 1, connecting piece 1 is made of aluminum. Figure 2 The connecting piece 1 is tested for melting at 650℃. Figure 3 The Sn-Bi-Pb alloy in the melting region of connector 1 was simulated with a melting condition of 180℃. The final simulation results are as follows: Figure 2 The design of connector 1 requires 52.1 seconds for it to fuse. Figure 3The connecting piece 1 requires 15.0s to fuse, improving the fuse response time by 37s, which greatly reduces the response time to overcurrent and improves the reliability and practicality of fuse protection.

[0033] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery connector fuse protection device, characterized in that, It includes a connecting piece (1), a protective component (2), and a fuse (3); The connecting piece (1) has a connecting hole (101) on its surface, and the connecting hole (101) is used to connect an external battery cell; Several of the aforementioned fuse elements (3) are arranged in parallel and installed in the connecting piece (1), forming a fuse area in the connecting piece (1); Several of the protective components (2) are fixedly installed on the surface of the connecting piece (1) where the fuse (3) is installed, and are positioned across the fuse (3).

2. The battery connector fuse protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting piece (1) includes a middle plate (102) and end plates (103) located on both sides of the middle plate (102). The intermediate plate (102) has several first V-shaped grooves (104) on the end face corresponding to the end plate (103). The end plate (103) has several second V-shaped grooves (105) on its surface facing the middle plate (102); On the surfaces of the intermediate plate (102) and the end plate (103) respectively, the first V-groove (104) and the second V-groove (105) are the same size and staggered from each other; the fuse (3) is installed between the staggered first V-groove (104) and the second V-groove (105) to connect the intermediate plate (102) and the end plate (103) and thus form the fuse area.

3. The battery connector fuse protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protective component (2) is strip-shaped and has several integral connecting blocks (201) on the surface facing the connecting piece (1). At least one of the connecting blocks (201) is fixedly connected to the end plate (103), and at least one of the connecting blocks (201) is fixedly connected to the intermediate plate (102).

4. The battery connector fuse protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protective component (2) is made of silicon carbide or alumina ceramic.

5. A battery connector fuse protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fuse (3) is composed of V-shaped parts connected in sequence, and the fuse (3) is adapted to the gap between the first V-shaped groove (104) and the second V-shaped groove (105).

6. A battery connector fuse protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fuse (3) is made of Sn-Bi-Pb alloy.

7. The battery connector fuse protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting piece (1) is proportional to the magnitude of the overcurrent.

8. A battery connector fuse protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting piece (1) is made of aluminum or copper.

9. A battery connector fuse protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A surface coating is provided at the interface where the fuse (3) and the connecting piece (1) meet, and the surface coating is used to reduce the interface resistance between the fuse (3) and the connecting piece (1).

10. A battery connector fuse protection device according to any one of claims 2-6 and 9, characterized in that, The connecting piece (1) is a rectangular plate structure; The number of the connecting hole (101), the protective element (2), and the fuse (3) are all two; With the longitudinal centerline of the connecting piece (1) as the center, the two connecting holes (101) and the two fuses (3) are symmetrically arranged, and the connecting holes (101) are opened on the surface of the end plate (103). With the transverse center line of the connecting piece (1) as the center, the two protective pieces (2) are symmetrically arranged.

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