Antenna device

Abstract

The antenna device includes a first printed circuit board and a second printed circuit board. The first printed circuit board includes an antenna radiator. The antenna radiator is located on a first side of the first printed circuit board. The antenna radiator includes four radiation patches. The second printed circuit board includes a feed-in circuit. The feed-in circuit includes a signal feed-in point, a coupler, four antenna feed-in points, a first feed-in portion, and a second feed-in portion. The coupler is connected to the signal feed-in point. The four antenna feed-in points are electrically connected to the four radiation patches, respectively. The first feed-in portion is coupled between the coupler and two of the four antenna feed-in points. The second feed-in portion is coupled between the coupler and the other two of the four antenna feed-in points. The first feed-in portion includes a first power divider and a first delay circuit. The second feed-in portion includes a second power divider and a second delay circuit. The present application provides an antenna device technology that can use power dividers and delay circuits to improve the isolation of antenna feed-in points and the field pattern of radio frequency signals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This case relates to an antenna device. More specifically, this case relates to an antenna device for use with a patch antenna in the Wi-Fi band. Background Technology

[0002] Most existing patch antennas are single-frequency antennas. With the rapid development of antennas, the requirements for antennas are becoming increasingly stringent. Not only must patch antennas be able to meet different frequency band requirements, but they must also be low-cost and lightweight.

[0003] Therefore, the above-mentioned technologies still have many shortcomings, and it is necessary for those skilled in the art to develop suitable antenna devices. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the antenna device in this case is to solve the aforementioned technical problems.

[0005] This case relates to an antenna device. The antenna device includes a first printed circuit board and a second printed circuit board. The first printed circuit board includes an antenna radiator. The antenna radiator is located on a first side of the first printed circuit board. The antenna radiator includes a first radiating element, a second radiating element, a third radiating element, and a fourth radiating element. The second printed circuit board includes a feed circuit. The feed circuit includes a signal feed point, a coupler, a first antenna feed point, a second antenna feed point, a third antenna feed point, a fourth antenna feed point, a first feed section, and a second feed section. The coupler is connected to the signal feed point. The first antenna feed point is electrically connected to the first radiating element. The second antenna feed point is electrically connected to the second radiating element. The third antenna feed point is electrically connected to the third radiating element. The fourth antenna feed point is electrically connected to the fourth radiating element. The first feed section is coupled between the coupler, the first antenna feed point, and the third antenna feed point. The first feed section includes a first power divider and a first delay circuit. A first power divider is located between the coupler, the first antenna feed point, and the third antenna feed point. A first delay circuit is located between the first power divider and the first antenna feed point. A second feed point is coupled between the coupler, the second antenna feed point, and the fourth antenna feed point. The second feed point includes a second power divider and a second delay circuit. The second power divider is located between the coupler, the second antenna feed point, and the fourth antenna feed point, and the second delay circuit is located between the second power divider and the second antenna feed point.

[0006] In some embodiments, the antenna radiator further includes a fifth radiating sheet. The fifth radiating sheet is located on a first side of the first printed circuit board and surrounds the first radiating sheet, the second radiating sheet, the third radiating sheet, and the fourth radiating sheet.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first printed circuit board includes a plurality of metal sheets. The plurality of metal sheets are located outside the fifth radiating sheet. The first printed circuit board is connected to the second printed circuit board via the plurality of metal sheets and a plurality of metal posts corresponding to the plurality of slots of the plurality of metal sheets.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first printed circuit board further includes a first ground metal sheet and a second ground metal sheet. The first ground metal sheet includes a plurality of first through holes and is connected to a fifth radiating sheet located on a first side through the plurality of first through holes. The second ground metal sheet surrounds the first ground metal sheet. The second ground metal sheet includes a plurality of second through holes and is connected to the fifth radiating sheet located on the first side through the plurality of second through holes.

[0009] In some embodiments, the coupler is used to couple the signal feed point to the first feed section or the second feed section, and the radio frequency signal input from the signal feed point passes through the coupler and the first feed section to the first radiating plate and the third radiating plate, or passes through the coupler and the second feed section to the second radiating plate and the fourth radiating plate.

[0010] In some embodiments, the radio frequency signal includes a first frequency band and a second frequency band, wherein the first frequency band is less than the second frequency band.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first feed section and the second feed section overlap in the vertical direction.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first printed circuit board is parallel to the second printed circuit board.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first power divider divides the first radio frequency signal into a first signal and a second signal in a first stage. The second power divider divides the second radio frequency signal into a third signal and a fourth signal in a second stage.

[0014] In some embodiments, a first delay circuit is used to delay the first phase of one of the first signal and the second signal in a first stage, so that the first phase is the same as the second phase of the other of the first signal and the second signal. A second delay circuit is used to delay the third phase of one of the third signal and the fourth signal in a second stage, so that the third phase is the same as the fourth phase of the other of the first signal and the second signal.

[0015] In view of the aforementioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, this invention provides an antenna device technology that can utilize a power divider and a delay circuit to improve the isolation of the antenna feed point and the field pattern of the radio frequency signal. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The content of this case can be better understood by referring to the implementation methods in the following paragraphs and the accompanying drawings:

[0017] Figure 1This is a side view schematic diagram of an antenna device illustrated according to some embodiments of this case.

[0018] Figure 2 The diagram shows a top view and a bottom view of a printed circuit board of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of the feed circuit of a printed circuit board of an antenna device according to some embodiments of this case.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the feed circuit of a printed circuit board of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is an equivalent circuit diagram of the feed circuit of the printed circuit board of an antenna device illustrated according to some embodiments of this case.

[0022] Explanation of icon numbers

[0023] 100: Antenna device

[0024] 110, 120: Printed Circuit Board

[0025] M1, M2, M3, M4: Metal sheets

[0026] RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4, RS5: Radiation plates

[0027] CP1, CP2, CP3, CP4: Feed points

[0028] ML1, ML2, ML3, ML4, ML5: Metal pillars

[0029] G: Ground

[0030] TS: Screws

[0031] S1, S2: Side view

[0032] RD1: Antenna radiator

[0033] GD1, GD2: Grounding metal plates

[0034] FC: Feed circuit

[0035] SP: Signal feed point

[0036] C: Coupler

[0037] P1, P2, P3, P4: Antenna feed points

[0038] FP1, FP2: Feed section

[0039] PD1, PD2: Power dividers

[0040] PDL1, PDL2: Delay circuits

[0041] L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6: Inductors

[0042] C1, C2, C3: Capacitors

[0043] 2Zo: Impedance Detailed Implementation

[0044] The spirit of this case will be clearly explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description. Anyone skilled in the art can make changes and modifications based on the technology taught in this case after understanding the embodiments of this case, without departing from the spirit and scope of this case.

[0045] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this case. Singular forms such as “a,” “this,” “this,” “the,” and “the”, as used herein, also include multiple forms.

[0046] The terms "include", "include", "have", "contain", etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning they include but are not limited to.

[0047] Unless otherwise specified, the terms used herein generally have their ordinary meaning in the context of the art, the subject matter, and the specific content of this case. Certain terms used to describe this case will be discussed below or elsewhere in this specification to provide additional guidance to those skilled in the art in describing the case.

[0048] Figure 1 This is a side view schematic diagram illustrating an antenna device 100 according to some embodiments of this invention. In some embodiments, please refer to... Figure 1 The antenna device 100 includes a printed circuit board 110 and a printed circuit board 120. The printed circuit board 110 is disposed on the printed circuit board 120. In some embodiments, each of the plurality of metal sheets (e.g., metal sheet M1, metal sheet M2, metal sheet M3, and metal sheet M4) is formed by... Figure 1 Multiple metal pillars (e.g., metal pillars ML1, ML2, ML3, ML4, and ML5 corresponding to multiple slots of metal sheet M1) are combined and arranged to correspond to the holes of printed circuit board 120 to support printed circuit board 110 on printed circuit board 120, thereby making printed circuit board 110 parallel to printed circuit board 120. The slots and metal pillars can be connected by contact or soldering and connected to the ground terminal G of printed circuit board 120. The center of printed circuit board 110 and the center of printed circuit board 120 are grounded by screw TS.

[0049] To make the structure of antenna device 100 easier to understand, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 . Figure 2 The illustrations are based on some embodiments of this case. Figure 1 A top view and a bottom view schematic diagram of the printed circuit board 110 of the antenna device 100. Figure 2 (b) is a schematic top view of the side surface S1 of the printed circuit board 110. Figure 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of the back side view of the side surface S2 of the printed circuit board 110.

[0050] The side surface S1 of the printed circuit board 110 includes an antenna radiator RD1. The antenna radiator RD1 includes radiating plates RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4, and RS5. Radiating plates RS1, RS2, RS3, and RS4 are generally circular. Radiating plate RS5 is generally a hollow circle or annular. Radiating plates RS1, RS2, RS3, and RS4 are located in the hollow portion (i.e., the hollow circle) of radiating plate RS5, or radiating plate RS5 surrounds radiating plates RS1, RS2, RS3, and RS4. Each of radiating plates RS1, RS2, RS3, and RS4 sequentially includes feed points CP1, CP2, CP3, and CP4. Feed points CP1, CP2, CP3, and CP4 are through-holes penetrating the side surfaces S1 and S2 of the printed circuit board 110. The outer side of the radiating sheet RS5 contains multiple through holes (4 through holes). The inner side of the radiating sheet RS5 contains multiple through holes.

[0051] The side surface S2 of the printed circuit board 110 includes a grounding metal piece GD1 and a grounding metal piece GD2. The grounding metal piece GD1 is generally circular. The grounding metal piece GD2 is generally hollow circular or annular and is located outside the grounding metal piece GD1. The outer surface of the grounding metal piece GD1 includes multiple through holes corresponding to multiple through holes on the inner side of the radiating plate RS5 on the side surface S1 of the printed circuit board 110, and is fixed by screws or metal guide posts passing through these through holes. The inner surface of the grounding metal piece GD2 includes multiple through holes (i.e., four through holes) corresponding to multiple through holes on the outer side of the radiating plate RS5 on the side surface S1 of the printed circuit board 110, and is fixed by screws or metal guide posts passing through these through holes.

[0052] Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of the feed circuit FC of the printed circuit board 120 of the antenna device 100 according to some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the feed circuit FC of the printed circuit board 120 of the antenna device 100 according to some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 4 for Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram.

[0053] The printed circuit board 120 includes a first side (i.e., the top of the drawing), a second side (i.e., the bottom of the drawing), a third side (i.e., the left of the drawing), and a fourth side (i.e., the right of the drawing). The connection between the third side and the fourth side is perpendicular to the connection between the first side and the second side, respectively.

[0054] The feed circuit FC includes a signal feed point SP, antenna feed points P1, P2, P3, and P4, feed section FP1 (shown as diagonal dots), feed section FP2 (shown as grid dots), and coupler C. The signal feed point SP receives radio frequency (RF) signals from the communication circuit (or analog circuit). Coupler C is connected to the signal feed point SP and to feed sections FP1 and FP2. Coupler C selectively inputs the RF signals received from the signal feed point SP to feed sections FP1 and FP2. Antenna feed point P1 is electrically connected to feed point CP1 of radiating element RS1. Antenna feed point P2 is electrically connected to feed point CP2 of radiating element RS2. Antenna feed point P3 is electrically connected to feed point CP3 of radiating element RS3. Antenna feed point P4 is electrically connected to feed point CP4 of radiating element RS4.

[0055] The feed section FP1 (shown as diagonal dots) extends from the signal feed point SP along the first side (i.e., the top of the drawing) to the third side (i.e., the left side of the drawing), then bends and extends towards the second side (i.e., the bottom of the drawing), and bends back towards the first side (i.e., the top of the drawing), dividing into two parts. One of the two parts extends towards the second side and connects to the antenna feed point P1. The other part extends along the upper right of the drawing, bends towards the lower right of the drawing, and bends back towards the first side (i.e., the top of the drawing) before connecting to the antenna feed point P3. The feed section FP1 includes a power divider PD1 and a delay circuit PDL1. The power divider PD1 is located between the signal feed point SP, the antenna feed point P1, and the antenna feed point P3. The delay circuit PDL1 is located between the power divider PD1 and the antenna feed point P1.

[0056] The feed section FP2 (shown as a grid) extends from the signal feed point SP along the first side (i.e., the top of the drawing) to the fourth side (i.e., the right side of the drawing), then bends and extends towards the second side (i.e., the bottom of the drawing), and bends back towards the first side (i.e., the top of the drawing), dividing into two parts. One of the two parts extends towards the second side and connects to the antenna feed point P2. The other part extends along the upper left of the drawing, bends and extends towards the lower left of the drawing, and bends back towards the first side (i.e., the top of the drawing) before connecting to the antenna feed point P4. The feed section FP2 includes a power divider PD2 and a delay circuit PDL2. The power divider PD2 is located between the signal feed point SP, the antenna feed point P2, and the antenna feed point P4. The delay circuit PDL2 is located between the power divider PD2 and the antenna feed point P2. The feed sections FP1 and FP2 partially overlap in the vertical direction (e.g., the Z-axis), forming an interlaced section.

[0057] To make the excitation mechanism of antenna device 100 easier to understand, please refer to the following: Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 The antenna device 100 supports the frequency bands of Global Positioning System (GPS) signals. GPS signals are mainly divided into three frequency bands: the first band is L1 (1575.42MHz), the second band is L2 (1227.60MHz), and the third band is L5 (1176.45MHz). The antenna device 100 in this invention supports both L1 (1575.42MHz) and L5 (1176.45MHz).

[0058] The L1 band signal has good penetration capabilities, but due to its relatively short wavelength, it is prone to multipath effects in environments such as urban buildings, mountains, and forests, affecting signal reception and positioning accuracy. The L1 band is one of the earliest and most commonly used signal bands. The L5 band signal is a modern version of the GPS system. Compared to the L1 band, the L5 band has a larger signal bandwidth and higher transmission power, providing stronger anti-interference capabilities and better multipath suppression capabilities, which is particularly beneficial for civil aviation applications. In some embodiments, the antenna device 100 can be applied to unmanned aerial vehicles or unmanned tillage machines.

[0059] Please see Figure 4The signal feed point SP is used to receive the radio frequency (RF) signal from the communication circuit (or analog circuit). Coupler C is used to couple the signal feed point SP to feed sections FP1 and FP2. First, coupler C inputs the RF signal to feed section FP1 in the first stage. The RF signal is transmitted along feed section FP1 to power divider PD1. Power divider PD1 splits the RF signal into two RF signals. Then, one of the two RF signals is transmitted to antenna feed point P1. The other of the two RF signals is transmitted to antenna feed point P3. One of the two RF signals is phase-delayed by delay circuit PDL1 to maintain the same phase for both RF signals. Furthermore, one of the two signals is transmitted along antenna feed point P1 through a metal guide post to... Figure 2 The radiating element RS1 is fed to point CP1. The other of the two RF signals is transmitted along the antenna feed point P3 through a metal guide post to... Figure 2 The feed point CP3 of the radiating plate RS3. Finally, please refer to Figure 2 The three frequency bands used by Wi-Fi are excited by the resonance of radiating plates RS1, RS3, RS5, grounding metal plate GD1, and grounding metal plate GD2.

[0060] In the second stage, coupler C couples the RF signal to the feed section FP2. The RF signal is then transmitted along the feed section FP2 to the power divider PD2. The power divider PD2 splits the RF signal into two paths. One of these paths is then transmitted to the antenna feed point P2, and the other to the antenna feed point P4. One of the two RF paths is phase-delayed via the delay circuit PDL2 to maintain the same phase for both paths. Furthermore, one of the two RF paths is transmitted along the antenna feed point P2 through a metal guide post to... Figure 2 The radiating element RS2 is fed to point CP2. The other of the two RF signals is transmitted along the antenna feed point P4 through a metal guide post to... Figure 2 The feed point CP4 of the radiating plate RS4. Finally, please refer to... Figure 2 The three frequency bands used by Wi-Fi are excited through the resonant excitation of radiating plates RS2, RS4, RS5, and grounding metal plates GD1 and GD2. It should be noted that multiple metal plates (e.g., metal plates M1, M2, M3, and M4) and multiple metal pillars (e.g., metal pillars ML1, ML2, ML3, ML4, and ML5) have a signal isolation effect, allowing the Wi-Fi frequency band signal to radiate through the gaps between the metal plates.

[0061] Figure 5This is a partial equivalent circuit diagram of the feed circuit FC of the printed circuit board 120 of the antenna device 100 according to some embodiments of this case. Please refer to... Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 The delay circuit PDL1 can be equivalent to Figure 5 The components are inductors L1 and L2, and capacitor C1. Taking the top of the component as the first terminal, capacitor C1 is connected in series between the first terminals of inductors L1 and L2. The second terminals of inductors L1 and L2 are grounded. Figure 4 The delay circuit PDL1 can also be equivalent to the delay circuit PDL2 shown in Figure 5, which will not be elaborated here.

[0062] The purpose of the delay circuit PDL1 (or delay circuit PDL2) is to improve the distortion of the radiation pattern at high frequencies. The distortion of the radiation pattern at high frequencies is caused by phase non-uniformity. The delay circuit PDL1 (or delay circuit PDL2) adjusts the phase between the two signals split by the power divider PD1 (or power divider PD2) to be the same, thereby improving the radiation pattern.

[0063] Figure 4 The power divider PD1 can be equivalent to Figure 5 The system consists of inductors L3 and L4, capacitor C2, inductors L5 and L6, and an impedance 2Zo twice the length of the inductor. Capacitor C2 is connected in series between the first terminals of inductors L3 and L4. The second terminals of both inductors L3 and L4 are grounded. Capacitor C3 is connected in series between the first terminals of inductors L5 and L6. The second terminals of both inductors L5 and L6 are grounded. The impedance 2Zo twice the length of the inductor is connected between the first terminals of both inductors L3 and L5. Figure 4 The power divider PD2 can also be equivalent to the power divider PD1 shown in Figure 5, which will not be elaborated here.

[0064] In some embodiments, power dividers PD1 and PD2 can actually function as lumped Wilkinson power dividers.

[0065] Because the radio frequency signals from multiple antenna feed points (e.g., antenna feed points P1, P2, P3, and P4) can interfere with each other, the isolation between the antenna feed points is low. It should be noted that isolation is a physical quantity used to measure the degree of mutual coupling between antennas.

[0066] The power divider PD1 (or power divider PD2) improves the isolation between the antenna feed points and reduces the interference of radio frequency signals on each other. In other words, the power divider PD1 (or power divider PD2) improves the isolation and energy distribution of multiple antenna feed points, thereby improving the radiation pattern of the antenna device 100.

[0067] Based on the foregoing embodiments, this invention provides an antenna device that can utilize a power divider and a delay circuit to improve the isolation of the antenna feed point and the field pattern of the radio frequency signal.

[0068] Although detailed embodiments have been disclosed above, this application does not exclude other feasible implementation techniques. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application shall be determined by the appended claims, and not by the foregoing embodiments.

[0069] For those skilled in the art, various modifications and refinements can be made to this case without departing from its spirit and scope. Based on the foregoing embodiments, all modifications and refinements made to this case are also covered within the protection scope of this case.

Claims

1. An antenna device, characterized in that, Include: The first printed circuit board includes: An antenna radiator is located on a first side of the first printed circuit board, wherein the antenna radiator includes a first radiating plate, a second radiating plate, a third radiating plate, and a fourth radiating plate; and The second printed circuit board includes: The feed circuit includes: Signal feed point; A coupler is connected to the signal feed point; The first antenna feed point is electrically connected to the first radiating plate; The second antenna feed point is electrically connected to the second radiating plate; The third antenna feed point is electrically connected to the third radiating plate; The fourth antenna feed point is electrically connected to the fourth radiating plate; A first feed section is coupled between the coupler, the first antenna feed point, and the third antenna feed point, wherein the first feed section includes a first power divider and a first delay circuit, the first power divider being located between the coupler, the first antenna feed point, and the third antenna feed point, and the first delay circuit being located between the first power divider and the first antenna feed point. as well as A second feed section is coupled between the coupler, the second antenna feed point, and the fourth antenna feed point. The second feed section includes a second power divider and a second delay circuit. The second power divider is located between the coupler, the second antenna feed point, and the fourth antenna feed point, and the second delay circuit is located between the second power divider and the second antenna feed point.

2. The antenna device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna radiator further comprises: The fifth radiating sheet is located on the first side of the first printed circuit board and surrounds the first radiating sheet, the second radiating sheet, the third radiating sheet and the fourth radiating sheet.

3. The antenna device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first printed circuit board includes a plurality of metal sheets located outside the fifth radiating sheet. The first printed circuit board is connected to the second printed circuit board through the plurality of metal sheets and a plurality of metal pillars corresponding to the plurality of slots of the plurality of metal sheets.

4. The antenna device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first printed circuit board further includes: A first grounding metal sheet, the first grounding metal sheet including a plurality of first through holes, and connected to the fifth radiating sheet located on the first side through the plurality of first through holes; as well as A second grounding metal sheet surrounds the first grounding metal sheet. The second grounding metal sheet includes a plurality of second through holes and is connected to the fifth radiating sheet located on the first side through the plurality of second through holes.

5. The antenna device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The coupler is used to couple the signal feed point to the first feed section or the second feed section. The radio frequency signal input from the signal feed point passes through the coupler and the first feed section to the first radiating plate and the third radiating plate, or passes through the coupler and the second feed section to the second radiating plate and the fourth radiating plate.

6. The antenna device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The radio frequency signal includes a first frequency band and a second frequency band, wherein the first frequency band is less than the second frequency band.

7. The antenna device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The first feed section and the second feed section overlap in the vertical direction.

8. The antenna device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The first printed circuit board is parallel to the second printed circuit board.

9. The antenna device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The first power divider divides the first radio frequency signal into a first signal and a second signal in a first stage, wherein the second power divider divides the second radio frequency signal into a third signal and a fourth signal in a second stage.

10. The antenna device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, The first delay circuit is used to delay the first phase of one of the first signal and the second signal in the first stage, so that the first phase is the same as the second phase of the other of the first signal and the second signal, wherein the second delay circuit is used to delay the third phase of one of the third signal and the fourth signal in the second stage, so that the third phase is the same as the fourth phase of the other of the first signal and the second signal.

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