A small and light-weight full-band positioning antenna

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of positioning antenna, specifically provide a kind of small light weight full-band positioning antenna, including single layer dielectric substrate, its upper surface center place is attached with low-frequency radiation metal and four circular coupling metal patch, lower surface center place is provided with cavity, edge place is attached with metal ground, the bottom of cavity is attached with high-frequency radiation metal, four circular coupling metal patch are all connected with high-frequency radiation metal by feed metal Pin needle, and upper surface edge place is also attached with four long strip-shaped directive metal array patch and four V-shaped directive metal array patch of alternate interval distribution, and all are connected with metal ground by metal hole.The utility model is coupled out low-frequency part by upper surface feed, and high-frequency part is coupled out by lower surface feed, so that antenna miniaturization, and simple structure, and then high bandwidth and high reliability are realized, increase antenna bandwidth, so that it can cover larger frequency range, improve the receiving and transmitting performance of antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of positioning antenna technology, and specifically to a small, lightweight, full-band positioning antenna. Background Technology

[0002] In GNSS antenna applications, antennas used for satellite reception mainly include helical antennas, microstrip patch antennas, and parabolic antennas. Among them, microstrip patch antennas are widely used in devices that require miniaturization, such as Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers, vehicle-mounted satellite communication equipment, and handheld navigation devices, due to their compact structure, light weight, ease of integration, and low manufacturing cost.

[0003] Traditional single-layer patch antennas are structurally limited in their ability to achieve wide bandwidth coverage, typically operating only within a narrow frequency range. This narrow bandwidth restricts the antenna's compatibility with multi-frequency, multi-standard satellite signals, making it difficult to meet the wideband signal requirements of modern satellite communications. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the technical problems in the existing technology, this utility model provides a small, lightweight, full-band positioning antenna that achieves high bandwidth and high reliability while maintaining antenna miniaturization and structural simplification, making it suitable for application scenarios in satellite communication systems that require high-performance antennas.

[0005] The technical solution includes a single-layer dielectric substrate. A low-frequency radiating metal and four circular coupling metal patches are attached to the center of the upper surface of the single-layer dielectric substrate. The four circular coupling metal patches are located within the low-frequency radiating metal and are spaced apart from the low-frequency radiating metal by annular non-metallic gaps. A cavity is formed at the center of the lower surface of the single-layer dielectric substrate, and a metal ground is attached to the edge. A high-frequency radiating metal is attached to the bottom of the cavity. The four circular coupling metal patches are coupled to the high-frequency radiating metal through feeding metal pins. Four elongated metal array patches and four V-shaped metal array patches are also attached to the edge of the upper surface of the single-layer dielectric substrate. The four elongated metal array patches and four V-shaped metal array patches are alternately distributed and spaced apart from the low-frequency radiating metal. The four elongated metal array patches and four V-shaped metal array patches are connected to the metal ground through metal holes.

[0006] Furthermore, the four feed metal pins are distributed at 90° intervals.

[0007] Furthermore, the bottom of the cavity is provided with four columnar structures of the same height as the cavity. Each columnar structure corresponds to a power-feeding metal pin. Each columnar structure has a metal through hole, and the power-feeding metal pin is installed in the metal through hole. The metal through hole is connected to a circular coupling metal patch.

[0008] Furthermore, eight slit structures are formed inside the low-frequency radiating metal, and the slit structures extend from the edge into the low-frequency radiating metal.

[0009] Furthermore, the diameter of the circular coupling metal patch is 11 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the four elongated guide metal array patches are located at the center of the edge of the monolayer dielectric substrate, and the four V-shaped guide metal array patches are located at the four corners of the monolayer dielectric substrate.

[0011] Beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, the low-frequency portion is fed and coupled out through the upper surface of a single-layer dielectric substrate, and the high-frequency portion is fed and coupled out through the cavity on the lower surface of the single-layer dielectric substrate. By using a high- and low-frequency coupling design, the antenna bandwidth is increased, enabling the antenna to operate in a wider frequency range and improving the antenna's receiving and transmitting performance. In addition, the structure is simple and lightweight. Furthermore, the arrangement of four elongated metal array patches, four V-shaped metal array patches, and metal holes allows coupling with the low-frequency radiating metal to form an inductance, thereby reducing the frequency and achieving higher gain and bandwidth at low frequencies, as well as good antenna matching performance.

[0012] 2. In this utility model, the arrangement of four feed copper pillars at 90° intervals provides a 90° phase difference input for the circular high-frequency coupling patch, enabling multi-point coupling and increasing antenna bandwidth and signal transmission stability. The arrangement of four columnar structures with the same height as the cavity and metal holes enhances the reliability of the feed metal pin connection.

[0013] 3. In this utility model, the setting of eight gap structures can increase the electrical length and reduce the frequency, thereby achieving low-frequency full-band coverage within a limited area. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the upper surface of this utility model. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the lower surface of this utility model.

[0016] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Single-layer dielectric substrate; 2. Low-frequency radiating metal; 3. Circular coupling metal patch; 4. Annular non-metallic gap; 5. Metal ground; 6. High-frequency radiating metal; 7. Feeding metal pin; 8. Long strip-shaped leading metal array patch; 9. V-shaped leading metal array patch; 10. Metal hole; 11. Columnar structure; 12. Gap structure. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0018] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0019] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0020] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0022] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0023] This utility model provides a small, lightweight, full-band positioning antenna, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the substrate includes a single-layer dielectric substrate 1. A low-frequency radiating metal 2 and four circular coupling metal patches 3 are attached to the center of the upper surface of the substrate 1. The diameter of each circular coupling metal patch 3 is 11 mm. The four circular coupling metal patches 3 are located within the low-frequency radiating metal 2 and are spaced apart from the low-frequency radiating metal 2 by annular non-metallic gaps 4. A cavity is formed at the center of the lower surface of the substrate 1, and a metal ground 5 is attached to the edge. A high-frequency radiating metal 6 is attached to the bottom of the cavity. The four circular coupling metal patches 3 are coupled to the high-frequency radiating metal 6 through feeding metal pins 7, forming a series capacitor through the annular non-metallic gaps 4 to reduce the feeding frequency. The inductance of the electrical metal pin 7 forms a coupled power supply. Four elongated metal array patches 8 and four V-shaped metal array patches 9 are attached to the edge of the upper surface of the single-layer dielectric substrate 1. The four elongated metal array patches 8 and four V-shaped metal array patches 9 are alternately distributed and are all spaced apart from the low-frequency radiating metal 2. Specifically, the four elongated metal array patches 8 are located at the center of the edge of the single-layer dielectric substrate 1, and the four V-shaped metal array patches 9 are located at the four corners of the single-layer dielectric substrate 1. The four elongated metal array patches 8 and four V-shaped metal array patches 9 are all connected to the metal ground 5 through the metal hole 10.

[0024] In this embodiment, the low-frequency portion is fed and coupled out through the upper surface of the single-layer dielectric substrate 1, and the high-frequency portion is fed and coupled out through the cavity on the lower surface of the single-layer dielectric substrate 1. By using a high- and low-frequency coupling design, the antenna bandwidth is increased, enabling the antenna to operate in a wider frequency range and improving the antenna's receiving and transmitting performance. In addition, the structure is simple and lightweight. At the same time, the arrangement of four elongated metal array patches 8, four V-shaped metal array patches 9, and metal holes 10 can couple with the low-frequency radiating metal 2 to form an inductance, thereby reducing the frequency and achieving higher gain and bandwidth at low frequencies as well as good antenna matching performance.

[0025] In this utility model, preferably, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the four power-feeding metal pins 7 are distributed at 90° intervals; the bottom of the cavity is also provided with four columnar structures 11 of the same height as the cavity, each columnar structure 11 corresponding to one of the power-feeding metal pins 7, and each columnar structure 11 is provided with a metal through hole, in which the power-feeding metal pins 7 are installed, and the metal through hole is connected to a circular coupling metal patch 3.

[0026] In this embodiment, the arrangement of four feed copper pillars spaced 90° apart provides a 90° phase difference input for the circular high-frequency coupling patch, enabling multi-point coupling and increasing antenna bandwidth and signal transmission stability. The arrangement of four columnar structures 11 with the same height as the cavity and the metal holes 10 enhances the reliability of the feed metal pin 7 connection.

[0027] In this utility model, preferably, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, eight slit structures 12 are formed inside the low-frequency radiating metal 2, and the slit structures 12 extend from the edge into the low-frequency radiating metal 2.

[0028] In this embodiment, by setting eight slit structures 12, the electrical length can be increased and the frequency can be reduced, thereby achieving low-frequency full-band coverage within a limited area.

[0029] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0030] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A small, lightweight, full-band positioning antenna, comprising a single-layer dielectric substrate (1), wherein a low-frequency radiating metal (2) and four circular coupling metal patches (3) are attached to the center of the upper surface of the single-layer dielectric substrate (1), the four circular coupling metal patches (3) are located within the low-frequency radiating metal (2) and are spaced apart from the low-frequency radiating metal (2) by annular non-metallic gaps (4), a cavity is formed at the center of the lower surface of the single-layer dielectric substrate (1), a metal ground (5) is attached to the edge, a high-frequency radiating metal (6) is attached to the bottom of the cavity, and the four circular coupling metal patches (3) are coupled to the high-frequency radiating metal (6) by feeding metal pins (7), characterized in that, Four elongated metal array patches (8) and four V-shaped metal array patches (9) are attached to the edge of the upper surface of the single-layer dielectric substrate (1). The four elongated metal array patches (8) and four V-shaped metal array patches (9) are alternately distributed and are all spaced apart from the low-frequency radiating metal (2). The four elongated metal array patches (8) and four V-shaped metal array patches (9) are all connected to the metal ground (5) through metal holes (10).

2. The small, lightweight, full-band positioning antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The four feed metal pins (7) are distributed at 90° intervals.

3. The small, lightweight, full-band positioning antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the cavity is also provided with four columnar structures (11) of the same height as the cavity. The columnar structures (11) correspond one-to-one with the power feeding metal pins (7). The columnar structures (11) are provided with metal through holes. The power feeding metal pins (7) are installed in the metal through holes. The metal through holes are connected to the circular coupling metal patch (3).

4. A small, lightweight, full-band positioning antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The low-frequency radiating metal (2) has eight slot structures (12) inside, which extend from the edge into the low-frequency radiating metal (2).

5. A small, lightweight, full-band positioning antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The diameter of the circular coupling metal patch (3) is 11 mm.

6. A small, lightweight, full-band positioning antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The four elongated metal array patches (8) are located at the center of the edge of the monolayer dielectric substrate (1), and the four V-shaped metal array patches (9) are located at the four corners of the monolayer dielectric substrate (1).

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