A high voltage resistant vacuum connector

Abstract

The application discloses a high-voltage-resistant vacuum connector, and belongs to the technical field of vacuum conductive connection, and specifically relates to a high-voltage-resistant vacuum connector, which comprises a connecting portion and two protection portions connected to the two ends of the connecting portion; the connecting portion comprises an electrode conductive rod, a ceramic tube sleeved outside the electrode conductive rod and a transition connecting piece two arranged outside the electrode conductive rod and used for air-tightly connecting the electrode conductive rod and the ceramic tube; the two protection portions are respectively screwed outside the transition connecting piece two and the ceramic tube; the flanging of the threaded ring is matched with one end of the ceramic tube and forms a concave-convex structure, meanwhile, the internal thread of the protection portion is connected with the external thread of the threaded ring, so that a reliable closed insulation structure is formed, voltage breakdown under vacuum is prevented, and the high-voltage resistance of the whole vacuum is realized; the design is convenient for wiring and wire disconnection, can be repeatedly installed and used, and has good installation consistency; meanwhile, the design can be applied to compact space and can realize multi-needle arrangement in limited space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vacuum conductive connection technology, specifically a high-voltage resistant vacuum connector. Background Technology

[0002] A vacuum connector is a specialized connector installed on the wall of a vacuum container for the transmission of power or signals inside or outside the vacuum. It must meet the requirements of airtightness and electrical connection.

[0003] A vacuum environment refers to a state where the gas pressure is lower than atmospheric pressure. The degree of vacuum is used to express the rarefaction of a gas under vacuum conditions. In the International System of Units (SI), the degree of vacuum is measured in Pascals (Pa), a unit of pressure. The higher the degree of vacuum, the rarefied the gas state, and the more the physical properties of the gas molecules change. GB / T3163-1993 divides the vacuum region into four zones: low vacuum, low vacuum, and high vacuum. ~ Pa, medium vacuum ~ Pa, high vacuum ~ Pa, ultra-high vacuum < Pa;

[0004] Within the vacuum range of low and medium vacuum, a physical phenomenon called low-pressure gas discharge occurs. Paschen's law is a physical law describing the relationship between gas breakdown voltage and gas pressure and electrode spacing. Paschen's law reveals the law that the gas breakdown voltage changes with the product of gas pressure and electrode spacing, and is one of the fundamental laws for the study of gas discharge and plasma.

[0005] Paschen's law states that in a uniform electric field, the breakdown voltage between two electrodes (the minimum voltage required for a gas to begin conducting electricity) is a function of the product of the gas pressure (vacuum) p and the electrode spacing d.

[0006] In actual operation, the electrode spacing d, materials, and structure of a connector are fixed and cannot be changed. Therefore, when voltage is applied in a vacuum environment, its breakdown voltage V is directly related to the vacuum level p. When the vacuum level p is within a specific range, discharge breakdown is very likely to occur.

[0007] Ordinary connectors are suitable for operation under standard atmospheric pressure, but they may break down when used in a vacuum environment. In addition, due to the special requirements of vacuum environment, such as airtightness, gas release rate, and resistance to high and low temperatures, vacuum-specific connectors must be used.

[0008] Currently, vacuum connectors generally have two manufacturing processes: glass sintering and ceramic brazing. These processes can already meet special requirements such as airtightness, gas release rate, and resistance to high and low temperatures. However, high-voltage vacuum connectors must be able to solve the problem of discharge breakdown under vacuum.

[0009] Ceramic has excellent electrical insulation properties, and ceramic vacuum connectors have very high withstand voltage values, claiming to be up to tens or hundreds of kilovolts. However, they generally limit the range of vacuum levels they can operate in, requiring operation in high vacuum or ultra-high vacuum environments. In other words, while they meet the withstand voltage requirements in high or ultra-high vacuum environments, they do not truly solve the problem of vacuum discharge in low and medium vacuum ranges.

[0010] To address vacuum discharge issues in low and medium vacuum conditions, a common practice is to wrap the exposed portions of the electrodes with insulating material. This disrupts the existing gas discharge channels and can be understood as effectively increasing the actual distance between the electrodes. However, this approach has the following drawbacks:

[0011] 1. It is inconvenient to connect and disconnect wires. The exposed electrodes of the vacuum connector must be connected to the electrical appliance inside the vacuum container. Wrapping with insulating material is suitable for situations where the connection is made once and then disconnected.

[0012] 2. The wrapping method is prone to poor insulation, especially at the seams or where materials overlap;

[0013] 3. The insulating material used for wrapping may release gas or be unable to withstand extreme environments such as vacuum and high / low temperatures;

[0014] 4. On connectors with densely packed pins, the wrapping solution may have limited operational space;

[0015] 5. Poor consistency in the packaging affects the aesthetics of the wiring. Utility Model Content

[0016] The purpose of this application is to provide a high-voltage resistant vacuum connector to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0017] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: a high-voltage resistant vacuum connector, comprising a connecting part and two protective parts connected to both ends of the connecting part;

[0018] The connecting part includes an electrode conductive rod, a ceramic tube sleeved outside the electrode conductive rod, and a transition connector two disposed outside the electrode conductive rod and hermetically sealing the electrode conductive rod and the ceramic tube.

[0019] The two protective parts are respectively screwed onto the outside of the transition connector and the ceramic tube.

[0020] In one embodiment, the ceramic tube is provided with an uneven structure on the outside, and the ceramic tube is connected to the protective part through the uneven structure.

[0021] The concave-convex structure includes a threaded ring screwed onto the outside of the vacuum side section of the electrode conductive rod and engaging with one end of the ceramic tube to block the arc conduction path.

[0022] In one embodiment, a limiting ring for limiting the threaded ring is screwed onto the outside of the vacuum side section of the electrode conductive rod.

[0023] In one embodiment, a sealing ring is also included, which is located between one end of the ceramic tube and the threaded ring to fill the mating gap and block the arc conduction path.

[0024] In one embodiment, the inner walls of both protective parts are provided with limiting steps two, and the two limiting steps two are respectively used to abut against the threaded ring and the transition connector two to limit the screwing position of the two protective parts.

[0025] In one embodiment, both ends of the electrode conductive rod are connected to the wire by means of plugging, crimping or welding.

[0026] In one embodiment, both of the protective parts are provided with conductive connection parts that connect the wire to the electrode conductive rod, and the two ends of the conductive connection parts are connected to the electrode conductive rod and the wire respectively by plugging, crimping or welding.

[0027] In one embodiment, the inner walls of both protective parts are provided with limiting steps, and the two limiting steps are respectively used to abut against the two conductive connecting parts to restrict the conductive connecting parts and prevent them from coming out.

[0028] In one embodiment, one end of the conductive connection is connected to the plug-in end and the other end is connected to an electric wire, and the tail of the protective part has a tail hole through which the power supply wire passes; a sealing and insulating component is provided in the tail hole, and the sealing and insulating component is used to fill the gap between the tail hole and the electric wire to cut off the discharge channel.

[0029] In one embodiment, the outer surface of the ceramic tube is connected to a vacuum flange via a transition connector or is directly hermetically connected to the vacuum flange, and the transition connector is hermetically connected to the outside of the ceramic tube.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0031] The flange of the threaded ring in this application mates with one end of the ceramic tube to form a concave-convex structure. At the same time, the internal thread of the protective part and the external thread of the threaded ring are connected, thus forming a reliable closed insulation structure to prevent voltage breakdown under vacuum and achieve high voltage resistance in full vacuum. Furthermore, this design facilitates wiring and disconnection, can be repeatedly installed and used, and has good installation consistency. It can also be applied in compact spaces, allowing for multi-pin arrangements in limited spaces. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the entire application;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection portion of this application;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the entire application.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Connecting part; 11. Electrode conductive rod; 12. Ceramic tube; 13. Transition connector one; 14. Transition connector two; 15. Threaded ring; 16. Limiting ring; 17. Sealing ring one; 2. Protective part; 21. Tail hole; 22. Wire; 24. Conductive connecting part; 25. Limiting step one; 26. Limiting step two; 27. Sealing ring two; 28. Insulating sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] Please see Figure 1-3 This application provides a technical solution: a high-voltage resistant vacuum connector, including a connecting part 1 and two protective parts 2 connected to both ends of the connecting part 1;

[0040] The connecting part 1 includes an electrode conductive rod 11, a ceramic tube 12 sleeved outside the electrode conductive rod 11, and a transition connector 2 14 disposed outside the electrode conductive rod 11 and sealingly connecting the electrode conductive rod 11 and the ceramic tube 12.

[0041] The two protective parts 2 are respectively screwed onto the outside of the transition connector 2 and the ceramic tube 12.

[0042] The outer surface of the ceramic tube 12 is connected to the vacuum flange via a transition connector 13 or is directly and gas-tightly connected to the vacuum flange, and the transition connector 13 is gas-tightly connected to the outside of the ceramic tube 12.

[0043] In this field, the transition connector 13 is generally welded to the vacuum flange, which is installed on the wall of the vacuum container; however, the transition connector 13 is not necessary, and the ceramic tube 12 can also be directly brazed to the vacuum flange; at the same time, based on the actual needs of use, multiple electrode conductive rods 11 can be arbitrarily set on the vacuum flange, and the electrode conductive rods 11 are independent and insulated from each other, thus forming a multi-core voltage-resistant vacuum connector.

[0044] In this embodiment, the ceramic tube 12 serves to insulate the electrode conductive rod 11 and the vacuum flange from each other and achieve a certain withstand voltage value; the vacuum flange must not be energized when the electrode is energized; the electrode conductive rod 11 penetrates the inside and outside of the vacuum container to provide an electrical path for power or signal transmission.

[0045] Because the coefficients of thermal expansion of the ceramic tube 12 and the electrode conductive rod 11 are quite different, a transition connector 2 14 is used for transition sealing. The electrode conductive rod 11 and the transition connector 2 14 are sealed together by brazing solder, and the ceramic tube 12 and the transition connector 13 are sealed together by brazing solder. The materials of the transition connector 13 and the transition connector 2 14 are generally Kovar alloy.

[0046] The transition connector 214 has external threads, which are used to mate with the internal threads of the protective part 2 to achieve atmospheric side impact protection and electric shock protection;

[0047] By directly setting an external thread on the outside of the ceramic tube 12 and directly engaging with the internal thread inside the protective part 2, a closed insulating structure is formed, which can prevent voltage breakdown under vacuum.

[0048] Example 2:

[0049] Please see Figures 1-3 This application provides a technical solution: Embodiment 2 includes all the structures in Embodiment 1, but Embodiment 2 differs from Embodiment 1 in that:

[0050] The ceramic tube 12 has an external concave-convex structure, and the ceramic tube 12 is connected to the protective part 2 through the concave-convex structure.

[0051] The concave-convex structure includes a threaded ring 15 that is screwed onto the outside of the vacuum side section of the electrode conductive rod 11 and engages with one end of the ceramic tube 12 to block the arc conduction path.

[0052] In this embodiment, the vacuum side of the electrode conductive rod 11 has an external thread that engages with the internal thread of the threaded ring 15; the threaded ring 15 is made of insulating vacuum material. When the thread of the threaded ring 15 is fully rotated, the circumferential flange of the threaded ring 15 forms a concave-convex fit with the outer surface of one end of the ceramic tube 12, the purpose of which is to cut off the path of the electric arc and prevent breakdown discharge under vacuum; at the same time, the thread on the outer surface of the threaded ring 15 can connect with the internal thread of the protective part 2. Thus, through the design of the concave-convex structure, a reliable closed insulating structure is formed at the connection between the ceramic tube 12 and the protective part 2, preventing voltage breakdown under vacuum and achieving high voltage resistance in the entire vacuum.

[0053] Meanwhile, the connection between the ceramic tube 12 and the protective part 2 through the concave-convex structure also brings another benefit: it reduces costs and extends the service life of the connector; because if the solution of Embodiment 1 is used to directly make external threads on the outside of the ceramic tube 12, it will lead to increased costs and insufficient thread strength, making the ceramic fragile.

[0054] Example 3:

[0055] Please see Figures 1-3 This application provides a technical solution: Embodiment 3 includes all the structures in Embodiment 2, but Embodiment 3 differs from Embodiment 2 in that:

[0056] The electrode conductive rod 11 is also screwed to the outside of the vacuum side section with a limiting ring 16 to limit the threaded ring 15.

[0057] In this embodiment, the internal thread of the limiting ring 16 is engaged with the external thread of the electrode conductive rod 11. The limiting ring 16 is installed on the rear side of the threaded ring 15 to prevent the threaded ring 15 from retracting and creating a gap, and to prevent the threaded ring 15 from abnormally retracting and causing breakdown discharge under vacuum.

[0058] Example 4:

[0059] Please see Figures 1-3 This application provides a technical solution: Embodiment 4 includes all the structures in Embodiment 3, but Embodiment 4 differs from Embodiment 3 in that:

[0060] It also includes a sealing ring 17, which is located between one end of the ceramic tube 12 and the threaded ring 15 to fill the mating gap and block the arc conduction path.

[0061] In this embodiment, a sealing ring 17 is installed between the threaded ring 15 and the ceramic tube 12 to make the gap through which the electric arc passes smaller.

[0062] Example 5:

[0063] Please see Figures 1-3 This application provides a technical solution: Embodiment 5 includes all the structures in Embodiment 4, but Embodiment 5 differs from Embodiment 4 in that:

[0064] The inner walls of both protective parts 2 are provided with limiting steps 26, and the two limiting steps 26 are respectively used to abut against the threaded ring 15 and the transition connector 14 to limit the screwing position and assembly depth of the two protective parts 2 and prevent over-tightening.

[0065] In this embodiment, the limiting steps 26 in the two protective parts 2 connected to the two ends of the electrode conductive rod 11 respectively contact the end faces of the threaded ring 15 and the transition connector 14, ensuring that the two protective parts 2 can be rotatably installed to the designated position.

[0066] Example 6:

[0067] Please see Figures 1-3 This application provides a technical solution: Embodiment 6 includes all the structures in Embodiment 5, but Embodiment 6 differs from Embodiment 5 in that:

[0068] Both ends of the electrode conductive rod 11 are connected to the wire 22 by plugging, crimping, or welding. The wiring method at both ends of the electrode conductive rod 11 can be any of the three wiring methods: plugging, crimping, or welding. Specifically, plugging involves using a connector to plug and unplug between the electrode conductive rod 11 and the wire 22; crimping involves using screws to press the wire or the wire terminal onto the electrode conductive rod 11; and welding involves directly welding the wire to the electrode conductive rod 11.

[0069] Plug-in is the most convenient wiring method for connecting and disconnecting wires. In this embodiment, the two electrode conductive rods 11 are connected to the wires 22 by plug-in connection. Specifically, each of the two protective parts 2 is provided with a conductive connection part 24 that connects the wires 22 to the electrode conductive rods 11, and one end of the conductive connection part 24 is connected to the wires 22 by plug-in, crimping or welding.

[0070] When the two ends of the electrode conductive rod 11 are connected to the conductive connection part 24 by plugging, the two ends of the electrode conductive rod 11 are round bar-shaped plug-in ends, which are used to make plug-in and plug-out movable connections with the two conductive connection parts 24. This solves the problems of wiring and easy plugging and unplugging, facilitates wiring and disconnection, allows for repeated installation and use, and ensures good installation consistency. The conductive connection part 24 uses an elastic design, which can maintain a certain plugging and unplugging force after plugging, so as to meet the requirements of multiple plugging and unplugging. In this embodiment, one end of the conductive connection part 24 is movably plugged into the electrode conductive rod 11, and the other end of the conductive connection part 24 can also be connected to the wire 22 by three wiring methods: plugging, crimping, and welding.

[0071] If the two ends of the electrode conductive rod 11 are connected to the wire 22 by crimping, the two ends of the electrode conductive rod 11 are directly connected to the wire 22 by thread crimping.

[0072] Both protective parts 2 are made of vacuum insulating material. One protective part 2 is used to isolate and protect the conductive connection part 24 on the vacuum side to prevent voltage breakdown and damage from foreign object impact inside the vacuum container. The other protective part 2 is used to isolate and protect the conductive connection part 24 outside the vacuum container to prevent electric shock and damage from foreign object impact.

[0073] Example 7:

[0074] Please see Figures 1-3 This application provides a technical solution: Embodiment 7 includes all the structures in Embodiment 6, but Embodiment 7 differs from Embodiment 6 in that:

[0075] The inner walls of both protective parts 2 are provided with limiting steps 25, and the two limiting steps 25 are respectively used to abut against the two conductive connecting parts 24 to restrict the conductive connecting parts 24 and prevent them from coming out.

[0076] In this embodiment, the limiting step 25 is used to cooperate with the protrusion on the outer surface of the protective cover. After the protective part 2 is installed in the designated position, it can prevent the conductive connection part 24 from abnormally coming off.

[0077] Example 8:

[0078] Please see Figures 1-3 This application provides a technical solution: Embodiment 8 includes all the structures in Embodiment 7, but Embodiment 8 differs from Embodiment 7 in that:

[0079] One end of the conductive connection part 24 is connected to the plug-in end and the other end is connected to the wire 22. The tail of the protection part 2 has a tail hole 21 through which the power supply wire 22 passes. A sealing and insulating component is provided in the tail hole 21, and the sealing and insulating component is used to fill the gap between the tail hole 21 and the wire 22 to cut off the discharge channel.

[0080] In this embodiment, one end of the wire 22 passes through the tail hole 21 of the protection part 2 and can be connected to other electrical appliances. The gap between the wire 22 and the tail hole 21 is also a possible discharge channel. Therefore, it is cut off by setting a sealing insulation element. The sealing insulation element can be a sealing ring 27 or an insulating sleeve 28 to prevent voltage breakdown.

[0081] In this application, the insulating components are all made of vacuum materials with low gas release rate, high and low temperature resistance, and radiation resistance, such as PEEK, PPS, fluoroplastics, ceramics, etc.

[0082] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this application is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that this application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of this application. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of this application is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Therefore, it is intended to encompass all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims within this application, and no reference numerals in the claims should be regarded as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0083] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-voltage resistant vacuum connector, comprising a connecting portion (1) and two protective portions (2) connected to both ends of the connecting portion (1), characterized in that: The connecting part (1) includes an electrode conductive rod (11), a ceramic tube (12) sleeved on the outside of the electrode conductive rod (11), and a transition connector (14) disposed on the outside of the electrode conductive rod (11) and sealing the electrode conductive rod (11) and the ceramic tube (12) together. The two protective parts (2) are respectively screwed to the outside of the transition connector (14) and the ceramic tube (12).

2. The high-voltage resistant vacuum connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic tube (12) has an external concave-convex structure, and the ceramic tube (12) is connected to the protective part (2) through the concave-convex structure; The concave-convex structure includes a threaded ring (15) screwed to the outside of the vacuum side section of the electrode conductive rod (11) and engaging with one end of the ceramic tube (12) to block the arc conduction path.

3. A high-voltage resistant vacuum connector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electrode conductive rod (11) is also screwed with a limiting ring (16) to limit the threaded ring (15) on the outside of the vacuum side section.

4. A high-voltage resistant vacuum connector according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: It also includes a sealing ring (17), which is located between one end of the ceramic tube (12) and the threaded ring (15) to fill the mating gap and block the arc conduction path.

5. A high-voltage resistant vacuum connector according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner walls of both protective parts (2) are provided with limiting steps (26), and the two limiting steps (26) are respectively used to abut against the threaded ring (15) and the transition connector (14) to limit the screwing position of the two protective parts (2).

6. A high-voltage resistant vacuum connector according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: Both ends of the electrode conductive rod (11) are connected to the wire (22) by plugging, crimping or welding.

7. A high-voltage resistant vacuum connector according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both of the protective parts (2) are provided with a conductive connection part (24) that connects the wire (22) to the electrode conductive rod (11), and one end of the conductive connection part (24) is connected to the wire (22) by plugging, crimping or welding.

8. A high-voltage resistant vacuum connector according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner walls of the two protective parts (2) are provided with limiting steps (25), and the two limiting steps (25) are respectively used to abut against the two conductive connecting parts (24) to limit the conductive connecting parts (24) and prevent them from coming out.

9. A high-voltage resistant vacuum connector according to claim 8, characterized in that: One end of the conductive connection part (24) is connected to the plug-in end and the other end is connected to the wire (22). The tail of the protection part (2) has a tail hole (21) through which the power supply wire (22) passes. A sealing insulation component is provided in the tail hole (21), and the sealing insulation component is used to fill the gap between the tail hole (21) and the wire (22) to cut off the discharge channel.

10. A high-voltage resistant vacuum connector according to claim 9, characterized in that: The outer surface of the ceramic tube (12) is connected to the vacuum flange via a transition connector (13) or directly gas-tightly connected to the vacuum flange, and the transition connector (13) is gas-tightly connected to the outside of the ceramic tube (12).

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