female connector

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of electric connection, especially a female connector, including alloy seat, insulator, first electricity -making terminal and second electricity -making terminal, alloy seat includes plug connector and fixed base, alloy seat is provided with fixed cavity, fixed cavity is extended to plug connector from fixed base, and one end of plug connector is provided with plug cavity, the insulator sets up in fixed cavity, the electricity -making cavity is provided in the insulator, and the one side of electricity -making cavity of insulator is provided with first terminal fixed groove and second terminal fixed groove, one end of first electricity -making terminal sets up in first terminal fixed groove, and the other end extends to electricity -making cavity, one end of second electricity -making terminal sets up in second terminal fixed groove, and the other end extends to electricity -making cavity and is bent to first electricity -making terminal to contact first electricity -making terminal, the utility model discloses compact structure, function intelligent, high reliability, very suitable for new energy automobile, intelligent driving system etc. High -end vehicle -mounted electrical connection field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electrical connection technology, and in particular to a female connector. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of rapid development in automotive electrification and intelligence, automotive connectors, as key fundamental components, directly impact the stable operation of the entire vehicle's electronic system. Currently, traditional female connectors widely used in automotive power supply and signal transmission mostly employ simple single-terminal contact structures. When the male connector is not inserted, the port is typically in an open-circuit state, unable to perform pre-testing or standby functions, and prone to arcing during hot-plugging, posing a risk of terminal damage and signal interference. Simultaneously, the continuous vibration and impact during vehicle operation can cause fretting wear on the contacts of traditional connectors, leading to increased contact resistance, excessive temperature rise, and even power failure, failing to meet the stringent requirements of high reliability and long lifespan for power and signal connections in new energy vehicles and advanced driver assistance systems. Furthermore, with the surge in the number of automotive electronic devices and increasingly limited installation space, traditional connectors face challenges in miniaturization, integration, and modular layout. Existing designs with pre-contact functionality often have complex structures and numerous parts, increasing manufacturing costs and assembly difficulty, while also requiring improvements in mechanical stability and environmental adaptability.

[0003] Therefore, the industry urgently needs an innovative female connector design that features an intelligent on / off switching mechanism to support safe hot-plugging and circuit pre-testing, employs highly reliable terminal fixing and contact methods to withstand harsh automotive vibration environments, and achieves a compact structure and easy assembly, thereby providing a superior electrical connection solution for the next generation of intelligent connected vehicles. Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve the above problems, this utility model has a female connector with compact structure, intelligent function, and high reliability, which is very suitable for high-end vehicle electrical connection fields such as new energy vehicles and intelligent driving systems.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a female connector, including an alloy base, an insulator, a first electrical terminal and a second electrical terminal. The alloy base includes a plug and a fixing base. The alloy base is provided with a fixing cavity, which extends from the fixing base to the plug. One end of the plug is provided with a plug cavity. The insulator is disposed in the fixing cavity. The insulator is provided with an electrical cavity. The insulator is provided with a first terminal fixing groove and a second terminal fixing groove on one side of the electrical cavity. One end of the first electrical terminal is disposed in the first terminal fixing groove, and the other end extends toward the electrical cavity. One end of the second electrical terminal is disposed in the second terminal fixing groove, and the other end extends toward the electrical cavity and bends toward the first electrical terminal to contact the first electrical terminal. When the opposite connector is inserted, the second electrical terminal separates from the first electrical terminal.

[0006] A further improvement to the above solution is that the outer periphery of the plug is provided with a connecting thread, the connecting thread is used to engage with the threaded connection of the opposing connector, and the plug is provided with a connecting ring groove on the inner side of the connecting thread, the connecting ring groove is used to install a sealing ring.

[0007] A further improvement to the above solution is that the lower surface of the fixing base is provided with a plurality of mounting positioning pins, which are used to fix the alloy base.

[0008] A further improvement to the above solution is that the fixing cavity includes a tail mounting groove and a fixing channel, the insulator is provided with a plug part and a fixing part, the plug part is inserted into the fixing channel, and the fixing part is provided on the tail mounting groove.

[0009] A further improvement to the above solution is that an interference fit ring is provided on the outer periphery of the plug portion, and the plug portion is interference-fitted in the fixed channel through the interference fit ring.

[0010] A further improvement to the above solution is that the first power terminal includes a first contact end, a first fixed end, and a first pin end arranged sequentially. The first contact end extends to the end of the power receiving cavity, the first fixed end is fixed to the first terminal fixing groove, and the first pin end extends toward the bottom of the fixing base.

[0011] A further improvement to the above solution is that first fixing buckles are provided on both sides of the first fixing end, and the first fixing buckles are used to be locked onto the groove wall of the first power connection fixing groove.

[0012] A further improvement to the above solution is that the second power terminal includes a second contact end, a second fixed end and a second pin end arranged in sequence, the second contact end extends to the end of the power receiving cavity, the second fixed end is fixed to the second terminal fixing groove, and the second pin end extends toward the bottom of the fixing base.

[0013] A further improvement to the above solution is that the second contact end is provided with a bent portion, the bent portion is inclined toward the first contact end, and the end of the bent portion is provided with a contact pin, the contact pin extends toward the first contact end and is used to contact the first contact end.

[0014] A further improvement to the above solution is that the end of the bent portion is provided with a bending slope, which is used as a guide for the insertion of the connector to drive the bent portion to move, so that the contact pin is separated from the first contact end.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: Compared to existing connectors, this invention improves the electrical performance, operational reliability, and environmental adaptability of automotive connectors. The alloy base adopts an integrated structure of the plug and fixed base, with a through-hole fixed cavity inside, providing excellent mechanical strength and vibration resistance. This achieves integrated and modular layout of internal components, facilitating miniaturization and adapting to vehicle space constraints. The insulator is precisely positioned within the fixed cavity, and the internal electrical cavity and first and second terminal fixing slots provide a stable mounting reference and reliable insulation for the dual electrical terminals, effectively preventing short-circuit risks. The first electrical terminal is fixed to the first terminal fixing slot and extends into the electrical cavity, serving as the main contact. The second electrical terminal is innovatively positioned in the second terminal fixing slot and bent to contact the first electrical terminal under normal conditions, forming a pre-contact state. This ensures that when the male connector is not inserted, the two terminals maintain electrical connection, allowing for pre-circuit detection or standby mode. When the male connector is inserted into the plug cavity, its insertion force separates the second electrical terminal from the first electrical terminal, resulting in direct contact and conduction between the male connector and the first electrical terminal. The dynamic switching mechanism enables intelligent on / off functionality of the connector, avoiding arcing interference during insertion and removal while ensuring low contact resistance and high conductivity stability at the moment of connection. This is particularly suitable for automotive power and signal systems requiring hot-swapping or frequent switching. The elastic bending structure of the second terminal possesses self-compensation capabilities, maintaining stable contact pressure under long-term vibration environments and preventing poor contact caused by fretting wear. This invention features a compact structure, intelligent functionality, and high reliability, making it highly suitable for high-end automotive electrical connection applications such as new energy vehicles and intelligent driving systems. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the female connector of this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the female connector from another perspective; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Front view schematic diagram of the female connector; Figure 4for Figure 3 Explosion diagram of AA; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first and second electrical terminals of this utility model.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: Alloy base 1, plug connector 11, connecting thread 111, connecting ring groove 112, fixing base 12, mounting positioning pin 121, fixing cavity 13, tail mounting groove 131, fixing channel 132, plug cavity 14, insulator 2, electrical cavity 21, first terminal fixing groove 21, interference fit ring 211, second terminal fixing groove 22, plug part 23, fixing part 24, first electrical terminal 3, first contact end 31, first fixing end 32, first fixing buckle 321, first pin end 33, second electrical terminal 4, second contact end 41, bending part 411, contact pin 412, bending bevel 413, second fixing end 42, second pin end 43. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of this utility model are shown in the drawings. However, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this utility model.

[0019] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly attached to the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Figures 1-5As shown, in one embodiment of this utility model, a female connector is provided, including an alloy base 1, an insulator 2, a first electrical terminal 3, and a second electrical terminal 4. The alloy base 1 includes a plug 11 and a fixing base 12. The alloy base 1 is provided with a fixing cavity 13, which extends from the fixing base 12 to the plug 11. One end of the plug 11 is provided with a plug cavity 14. The insulator 2 is disposed in the fixing cavity 13. The insulator 2 is provided with an electrical cavity 21. The insulator 2 is provided with a first terminal fixing groove 21 and a second terminal fixing groove 22 on one side of the electrical cavity 21. One end of the first electrical terminal 3 is disposed in the first terminal fixing groove 21, and the other end extends toward the electrical cavity 21. One end of the second electrical terminal 4 is disposed in the second terminal fixing groove 22, and the other end extends toward the electrical cavity 21 and bends toward the first electrical terminal 3 to contact the first electrical terminal 3. When the connector is inserted into the opposite direction, the second electrical terminal 4 separates from the first electrical terminal 3. This embodiment improves the electrical performance, operational reliability, and environmental adaptability of the vehicle connector. The alloy base 1 adopts an integrated structure of the plug 11 and the fixed base 12, with a through fixed cavity 13 inside, providing excellent mechanical strength and vibration resistance. It realizes the integration and modular layout of internal components, which is conducive to miniaturization design and adapting to the space constraints of the vehicle. The insulator 2 is precisely set in the fixed cavity 13. The internal electrical cavity 21 and the first and second terminal fixing slots 22 provide a stable mounting reference and reliable insulation isolation for the dual electrical terminals, effectively preventing the risk of short circuit. The first electrical terminal 3 is fixed to the first terminal fixing slot 21 and extends into the electrical cavity 21, serving as the main contact. The second electrical terminal 4 is innovatively set in the second terminal fixing slot 22 and bent and extended to contact the first electrical terminal 3 under normal conditions, forming a pre-contact state. This design ensures that when the male connector is not inserted, both terminals maintain an electrical connection, allowing for pre-detection of the circuit or maintaining a standby state. When the male connector is inserted into the insertion cavity 14, its insertion force separates the second electrical terminal 4 from the first electrical terminal 3, resulting in direct contact between the male connector and the first electrical terminal 3. This dynamic switching mechanism enables intelligent on / off functionality of the connector, avoiding arcing interference during insertion and removal while ensuring low contact resistance and high conductivity stability at the moment of connection. It is particularly suitable for automotive power and signal systems requiring hot-swapping or frequent on / off switching. The elastic bending structure of the second terminal has self-compensation capabilities, maintaining stable contact pressure under long-term vibration environments and preventing poor contact caused by fretting wear. This embodiment features a compact structure, intelligent functionality, and high reliability, making it highly suitable for high-end automotive electrical connection applications such as new energy vehicles and intelligent driving systems.

[0021] The outer periphery of the connector 11 is provided with a connecting thread 111, which is used to mate with the threaded connection of the opposing connector. The inner side of the connector 11 is provided with a connecting ring groove 112, which is used to install a sealing ring. In this embodiment, by providing a connecting thread 111 on the outer periphery of the connector 11, the threaded connection structure can withstand greater axial tensile and torsional forces, effectively resisting continuous vibration and impact during vehicle operation, preventing the connector from accidentally loosening due to external forces, and greatly improving connection stability and safety. The connecting ring groove 112 located inside the connecting thread 111 of the connector 11 is used to install a sealing ring, forming a tight radial static seal barrier in the thread engagement area. This effectively prevents external moisture, dust, oil, and other contaminants from entering the connector cavity 14 and internal electrical areas through the thread gaps.

[0022] The lower surface of the fixing base 12 is provided with a plurality of mounting positioning pins 121, which are used to fix the alloy base 1. In this embodiment, by integrally providing a plurality of mounting positioning pins 121 on the lower surface of the fixing base 12, when the alloy base 1 is installed on a vehicle equipment panel or PCB or other mounting substrate, the positioning pins can be pre-inserted into the corresponding positioning holes on the substrate to achieve rapid initial positioning, effectively avoiding installation deviations caused by connector displacement during the final tightening of screws or welding process, and ensuring precise alignment between the connector and the mating interface.

[0023] The fixing cavity 13 includes a tail mounting groove 131 and a fixing channel 132. The insulator 2 is provided with a plug portion 23 and a fixing portion 24. The plug portion 23 is inserted into the fixing channel 132, and the fixing portion 24 is disposed on the tail mounting groove 131. Specifically, an interference fit ring 211 is provided on the outer periphery of the plug portion 23, and the plug portion 23 is interference-fitted into the fixing channel 132 through the interference fit ring 211. In this embodiment, by specifically dividing the fixing cavity 13 into the tail mounting groove 131 and the fixing channel 132, and correspondingly designing the insulator 2 as the plug portion 23 and the fixing portion 24, high-precision and high-stability assembly of the insulator 2 in the alloy seat 1 is achieved. The interference fit ring 211 provided on the outer periphery of the plug portion 23 of the insulator 2 enables it to generate a uniform radial interference fit force when press-fitted with the fixing channel 132 of the alloy seat 1. The interference fit structure forms a strong mechanical locking effect and a sealing interface, ensuring that the insulator 2 is firmly fixed in the fixed channel 132, effectively resisting the strong vibration and impact generated during vehicle operation, preventing the insulator 2 from axial movement or circumferential rotation, thereby ensuring the long-term accuracy and stability of the relative positions of the first and second electrical terminals 4 inside.

[0024] The first electrical terminal 3 includes a first contact end 31, a first fixed end 32, and a first pin end 33 arranged sequentially. The first contact end 31 extends to the end of the electrical cavity 21, the first fixed end 32 is fixed to the first terminal fixing groove 21, and the first pin end 33 extends toward the bottom of the fixing base 12. Specifically, first fixing buckles 321 are provided on both sides of the first fixed end 32, and the first fixing buckles 321 are used to lock onto the groove wall of the first electrical fixing groove 131. In this embodiment, by modularly designing the first electrical terminal 3 as a first contact end 31, a first fixed end 32, and a first pin end 33, precise partitioning and reliable implementation of the terminal function are achieved. The first contact end 31 extends to the end of the electrical cavity 21 to ensure stable, low-impedance electrical contact with the opposing male terminal. The key is that the first fixing buckles 321 provided on both sides of the first fixed end 32 form a rigid locking connection with the groove wall of the first terminal fixing groove 21 of the insulator 2. The snap-fit ​​fixing method provides strong resistance to retraction of the first electrical terminal 3, enabling it to effectively resist the axial friction force generated when plugging and unplugging the opposite connector and the alternating stress caused by continuous vehicle vibration. This completely prevents the terminal from loosening or retracting in the cavity, thereby avoiding the risk of increased resistance, overheating, or even power failure due to poor contact.

[0025] The second power terminal 4 includes a second contact end 41, a second fixed end 42, and a second pin end 43 arranged sequentially. The second contact end 41 extends to the end of the power receiving cavity 21, the second fixed end 42 is fixed to the second terminal fixing groove 13122, and the second pin end 43 extends toward the bottom of the fixing base 12. Specifically, the second contact end 41 is provided with a bent portion 411, which is inclined toward the first contact end 31. The end of the bent portion 411 is provided with a contact pin 412, which extends toward the first contact end 31 and is used to contact the first contact end 31. The end of the bent portion 411 is provided with a bending slope 413, which is used to guide the insertion of the connector to drive the bent portion 411 to move, so that the contact pin 412 separates from the first contact end 31. In this embodiment, the bent portion 411 and the contact pin 412 at its end of the second power terminal 4 constitute a key elastic contact and separation mechanism. Under normal conditions, the contact pin 412 maintains stable contact with the first contact end 31 of the first electrical terminal 3 under the elastic action of the bent portion 411, forming an internal conductive loop. This state can be used to realize functions such as line detection, signal wake-up, or power pre-charging, effectively avoiding signal interference or power surge risks that may be caused by the port being suspended when the connector is not plugged in. When the male connector is inserted into the electrical cavity 21, its front end first contacts the bent slope 413 of the second contact end 41. As the insertion depth increases, the bent slope 413 converts the axial insertion force of the male connector into a radial component force that drives the bent portion 411 to undergo elastic deformation, thereby forcing the contact pin 412 to smoothly and reliably separate from the first contact end 31. The dynamic process realizes the automatic and mechanical switching of the internal loop from closed to open, without the need for additional electronic switches or sensors, with an ingenious structure and reliable operation. It not only provides physical indication of the insertion status, but more importantly, it realizes automatic circuit switching, avoiding arcing and energy backflow during hot plugging and unplugging, greatly improving the safety and intelligence level of the connector, and is particularly suitable for application scenarios such as new energy vehicles that require pre-charge management and high-reliability connections.

[0026] The above embodiments only illustrate several implementation methods of this utility model, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A female connector, characterized in that: The connector includes an alloy base, an insulator, a first electrical terminal, and a second electrical terminal. The alloy base includes a plug and a fixing base. The alloy base has a fixing cavity that extends from the fixing base to the plug. One end of the plug has a plug-in cavity. The insulator is disposed within the fixing cavity. The insulator has an electrical cavity, and a first terminal fixing groove and a second terminal fixing groove are provided on one side of the insulator located in the electrical cavity. One end of the first electrical terminal is disposed in the first terminal fixing groove, and the other end extends toward the electrical cavity. One end of the second electrical terminal is disposed in the second terminal fixing groove, and the other end extends toward the electrical cavity and bends toward the first electrical terminal to contact the first electrical terminal. When the connector is inserted into the opposite direction, the second electrical terminal separates from the first electrical terminal.

2. The female connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the plug is provided with a connecting thread, which is used to mate with the threaded connection of the opposing connector. The plug is provided with a connecting ring groove on the inner side of the connecting thread, which is used to install a sealing ring.

3. The female connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the fixing base is provided with a plurality of mounting positioning pins, which are used to fix the alloy base.

4. The female connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing cavity includes a tail mounting groove and a fixing channel. The insulator is provided with a plug part and a fixing part. The plug part is inserted into the fixing channel, and the fixing part is provided on the tail mounting groove.

5. The female connector according to claim 4, characterized in that: An interference fit ring is provided on the outer periphery of the plug portion, and the plug portion is interference-fitted in the fixed channel through the interference fit ring.

6. The female connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first power terminal includes a first contact end, a first fixed end, and a first pin end arranged in sequence. The first contact end extends to the end of the power receiving cavity, the first fixed end is fixed to the first terminal fixing groove, and the first pin end extends toward the bottom of the fixing base.

7. The female connector according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first fixed end is provided with first fixing buckles on both sides, and the first fixing buckles are used to be locked onto the groove wall of the first power connection fixing groove.

8. The female connector according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second electrical terminal includes a second contact end, a second fixed end, and a second pin end arranged in sequence. The second contact end extends to the end of the electrical cavity, the second fixed end is fixed to the second terminal fixing groove, and the second pin end extends toward the bottom of the fixing base.

9. The female connector according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second contact end is provided with a bent portion, which is inclined toward the first contact end. The end of the bent portion is provided with a contact pin, which extends toward the first contact end and is used to contact the first contact end.

10. The female connector according to claim 9, characterized in that: The end of the bent portion is provided with a bending slope, which is used as a guide for the insertion of the connector to drive the bent portion to move, so that the contact pin is separated from the first contact end.

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