Surge protector ensuring safe operation

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of surge protection device capable of ensuring safe operation, the surge protection device includes the surge protection module (3) and backup protection module (1;1';1") connected with each other in series. According to the utility model, the surge protection device further includes a safety operation structure (2) disposed between the surge protection module (3) and the backup protection module (1;1';1"). The safety operation structure (2) is configured to disconnect or isolate the backup protection module (1;1';1") before the surge protection module (3) is disconnected from the power supply line. The utility model enables safe removal or installation of the surge protection module from or to the base module even if not disconnected from the power supply line. No electric spark is generated during the separation or engagement of the metal pin of the surge protection module and the metal socket of the base module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electrical protection technology, and in particular to a solution for achieving safe operation of a surge protector. Background Technology

[0002] Overvoltage protection devices are common in the field of low-voltage electrical equipment. They are used to protect electrical equipment in low-voltage power supply or communication lines when harmful factors such as transient overvoltages enter the lines. Surge protectors (also known as surge protectors or lightning arresters) are a typical overvoltage protection device. They are usually connected in parallel with electronic equipment, instruments, and other electrical devices in the power supply or communication line. When a sudden spike in current or voltage occurs in the power supply or communication line due to external interference (e.g., lightning), the transient overvoltage can be limited to a range that the electrical equipment or system can withstand within a very short time, thus protecting the equipment from overvoltage damage.

[0003] In practical applications, such as for voltage-limiting surge protectors, overvoltage protection modules (e.g., surge protection modules) may generate abnormally large currents due to sudden short circuits, abnormal aging, or deterioration, posing a risk of high-temperature fire. Therefore, they need to be equipped with overcurrent protection modules (e.g., backup protection modules, also known as "surge protector dedicated disconnect modules"). These overcurrent protection modules are typically connected in series with the overvoltage protection module and jointly connected to the power supply or communication line. This allows for timely action when the overvoltage protection module malfunctions, cutting off the electrical connection between the overcurrent and overvoltage protection modules and disconnecting the overvoltage protection module from the power supply or communication line, thereby preventing accidents such as fires.

[0004] However, existing surge protectors with overcurrent protection modules have the following drawbacks: the overcurrent protection module and the overvoltage protection module are structurally independent, and the insertion or removal of the overvoltage protection module is unrelated to the operating status of the overcurrent protection module. During field maintenance, when performing joint testing on equipment such as distribution cabinets, insulation withstand voltage testing on products, or when the overvoltage protection module fails, it needs to be removed. At this time, the electrical connection between the overvoltage protection module and the power supply line may not have been broken. Since the metal pins of the overvoltage protection module and the metal socket of the surge protector's base module are two tightly connected live parts, their separation can generate electric sparks due to changes in electric field strength, charge transfer, or air ionization. In certain special circumstances, such as in locations with flammable or explosive materials or dust explosion hazards, this could potentially lead to a safety accident. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to solve at least one of the above-mentioned problems and / or other problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] In the following description, the overvoltage protection module and the overcurrent protection module will be referred to as "Surge Protective Device (SPD) module" and "Support Protection Module (SSD) module" respectively.

[0007] Specifically, this utility model provides a surge protector that ensures safe operation. The surge protector includes a surge protection module and a backup protection module, which are connected in series. According to this utility model, the surge protector further includes a safety operation structure disposed between the surge protection module and the backup protection module. This safety operation structure is configured to disconnect or isolate the backup protection module before the surge protection module is disconnected from the power supply line.

[0008] This utility model achieves safe operation of the surge protector through a safe operation structure. Its function is reflected in the following: when the surge protection module is to be pulled out from the base module of the surge protector, the safe operation structure associated with the surge protection module is activated, so that the backup protection module, which is also associated with the safe operation structure, is preferentially disconnected or isolated from the power supply line. This ensures the disconnection of the electrical connection path between the surge protection module and the power supply line, avoiding the risk of electric sparks generated during the separation process of the metal pins of the surge protection module and the metal socket of the base module.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the safety operation structure is further configured to prevent the backup protection module from forming an electrical connection path before the surge protection module is electrically connected to the power supply line. That is, before the metal pins of the surge protection module are inserted into the metal socket of the base module, due to the action of the safety operation structure, the relevant mechanisms in the backup protection module (such as the tripping mechanism or circuit breaking mechanism described below) can only remain in an open state and cannot establish an electrical connection path. Therefore, the complete electrical circuit (hereinafter also referred to as the "power supply circuit") consisting of the surge protection module, the backup protection module, and the power supply line connected in series will not be "energized" (i.e., an electrical connection path is formed, or current flows through the entire power supply circuit), thus preventing electrical sparks from being generated due to the insertion of the surge protection module into the base module. The safety operating structure's restriction on the backup protection module (especially its related mechanisms) is only lifted after the surge protection module's metal pins are inserted into the base module's metal socket and thus establish an electrical connection with the power supply line. This allows the backup protection module to establish an electrical connection path, thereby forming a complete electrical connection path between the backup protection module, the surge protection module, and the power supply line. This embodiment advantageously avoids the risk of electrical sparks during the insertion of the surge protection module into the base module.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the backup protection module has a structure based on circuit breaker technology and includes a tripping mechanism for establishing or disconnecting an electrical connection path, wherein the safety operating structure is constructed and arranged to drive the tripping mechanism. Circuit breaker-type backup protection modules are a common type of backup protection module that includes a tripping mechanism; by acting the safety operating structure on the tripping mechanism of such backup protection modules, the objectives of the present invention can be advantageously achieved.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the backup protection module has a structure based on discharge gap technology and includes two spaced-apart electrodes for forming a discharge gap. The safety operation structure is configured and arranged to reversibly change the spacing between the two electrodes and / or isolate them. For a backup protection module constructed based on the principle of discharge gap technology, by applying the safety operation structure to the electrodes for forming the discharge gap, it is advantageous to prioritize disconnecting or isolating the backup protection module from the power supply line when operating the surge protection module.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the backup protection module has a structure based on fuse technology and includes a switching mechanism for connecting or disconnecting the electrical connection path, wherein the safety operating structure is constructed and arranged to drive the switching mechanism. For a backup protection module constructed based on fuse technology, by applying the safety operating structure to its switching mechanism, the connection and disconnection of the electrical connection path of the backup protection module can be advantageously controlled, and the connection and disconnection can be associated with the state of the surge protection module (i.e., whether it is about to disconnect from the power supply line or whether it has already formed an electrical connection with the power supply line).

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the safety operation structure is configured to keep the tripping mechanism in a tripped state and prevent the tripping mechanism from resetting during and / or after the surge protection module disconnects from the power supply line. This means that the safety operation structure activates to trip the backup protection module's tripping mechanism as soon as the metal pin of the surge protection module is pulled out of the metal socket of the base module, and at the latest as the metal pin is about to disengage from the metal socket, thereby disconnecting its electrical connection path; and / or, when the surge protection module is not yet installed in the surge protector, or when the metal pin of the surge protection module is not inserted into the metal socket of the base module, the tripping mechanism of the backup protection module remains in a tripped state due to the action of the safety operation structure, thus preventing the formation of an electrical connection path between the backup protection module, the surge protection module, and the power supply line. This advantageously prevents the surge protection module from being pulled out or inserted into the base module of the surge protector while the power supply circuit is energized, thereby avoiding the generation of electrical sparks during the insertion and removal of the surge protection module.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the safety operation structure includes a driving feature and an action feature. The driving feature is disposed on the surge protection module, and the action feature is disposed on the backup protection module. The action feature is configured to be driven by the driving feature to act on the tripping mechanism, thereby allowing or preventing the tripping mechanism from resetting. By dividing the safety operation structure into different parts and disposing of them separately on the surge protection module and the backup protection module, particularly by placing the driving feature on the former and the action feature on the latter, the correlation between the state or action of the surge protection module and the backup protection module can be advantageously ensured, thereby preventing the surge protection module from being plugged in or unplugged while the power supply circuit is energized.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the actuating feature includes a driving member and a transmission member. The driving member is configured to rotate under the action of the transmission member, thereby acting on the tripping element of the tripping mechanism. This embodiment involves configuring the actuating feature of the safety operating structure to directly act on the key component (i.e., the tripping element) in the tripping mechanism that can be used to control the tripping action, and dividing the actuating feature into two parts: a driving member that can be directly connected to the key component, and a transmission member that can receive action from the driving feature and transmit it to the driving member. Such an embodiment is highly advantageous for the specific structure of the tripping mechanism.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the actuating feature further includes an elastic reset member. By providing an elastic reset member, especially an elastic reset member associated with the transmission member, the transmission member can automatically and better transmit the action of the driving feature to the driving member, thereby ensuring that the safe operating structure performs its ideal function.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drive feature includes a protrusion on the housing of the surge protection module, the protrusion being configured to slide in a groove to move the transmission member. In this embodiment, the drive feature of the safety operation structure has the advantages of simple structure and ease of installation. Moreover, by placing the protrusion in a groove (especially a groove on the housing of the backup protection module), this embodiment advantageously avoids the problem of increasing the overall size of the surge protector due to the installation of the safety operation structure.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surge protection module includes electrode pins, the length of which is inserted into the electrical connection terminals of the base module is greater than the sliding stroke of the protrusion in the groove. This embodiment defines an auxiliary scheme that ensures that a backup protection module is disconnected or isolated before the surge protection module is disconnected from the power supply line. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The features and advantages of this utility model will become clear from the following detailed description provided with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following drawings are merely schematic and not necessarily drawn to scale, and therefore should not be considered as limitations on this utility model, wherein: Figure 1A-1C This is a schematic diagram of the surge protector according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A perspective view of an exemplary surge protector according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 Show Figure 2 The internal structure of the backup protection module of the surge protector in the device; Figure 4 Shown in another state Figure 3 The internal structure of the post-protection module of the surge protector in the device; Figures 5A-5B Show Figure 2-4 The surge protector is shown in its operating state during operation, where, Figure 5B Shown at an enlarged scale Figure 5A The part circled by circle A; Figures 6A-6C This diagram illustrates the principle of a surge protector according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Figures 7A-7C A schematic diagram of a surge protector according to a third embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand and implement the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that implementations of the present invention may not include some of these specific details. Furthermore, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described. Rather, the present invention can be conceived to be implemented with any combination of the features and elements described below, regardless of whether they relate to different embodiments. Therefore, the following aspects, features, embodiments, and advantages are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as elements or limitations of the claims unless expressly set forth in the claims.

[0021] This invention can be advantageously applied to overvoltage protection devices that include both an overvoltage protection module and an overcurrent protection module. Specifically, this invention relates to a surge protector that can be connected in parallel with the protected electrical equipment (especially low-voltage electrical equipment) in a power supply line or communication line (for simplicity, hereinafter referred to as "power supply line"), and can include a surge protection module 3 (overvoltage protection module) and a backup protection module 1 (overcurrent protection module). The backup protection module 1 is connected in series with the surge protection module 3 and both are connected to the power supply line.

[0022] As is commonly known, surge protection module 3 can be configured to present high impedance under normal conditions, but instantaneously conduct when an overvoltage occurs in the power supply line, limiting the voltage across the electrical equipment to a range that the equipment can withstand, while simultaneously discharging the overcurrent to ground. Backup protection module 1 can be configured to operate when excessive current occurs due to a short circuit, abnormal aging, or deterioration of surge protection module 3, particularly by disconnecting its own electrical connection path, thereby disconnecting the electrical connection path or power supply circuit between surge protection module 3 and the power supply line.

[0023] Advantageously, in the embodiments of the surge protector described herein, the surge protection module 3 and the backup protection module 1 are mounted on a common base module 4 and form an electrical connection path with the power supply line via electrical connection terminals in the base module 4. However, the surge protection module 3 and the backup protection module 1 may also be mounted on their respective base modules or directly electrically connected to the power supply line.

[0024] According to this utility model, the surge protector includes a safety operation structure 2 disposed between the surge protection module 3 and the backup protection module 1. The safety operation structure 2 is configured to disconnect or isolate the backup protection module 1 before the surge protection module 3 is disconnected from the power supply line.

[0025] Thus, when it is necessary to disconnect the surge protection module 3 from the power supply circuit, for example, when it is removed from the base module 4 to replace the surge protection module 3, the backup protection module 1 is preferentially and automatically disconnected or isolated from the power supply circuit due to the action of the safety operation structure 2. This causes the originally connected power supply circuit or electrical connection path formed by the interconnected backup protection module 1, surge protection module 2, and power supply line to be disconnected at the backup protection module 1. This allows the surge protection module 3 (specifically its electrode pins) to separate from the base module 4 (specifically its electrical connection terminals) without current flow, avoiding the generation of electrical sparks and ensuring operational safety. This process only requires operation on the surge protection module 3 (e.g., removing the surge protection module 3 from the base module 4) without additional or deliberate disconnection of the power supply circuit's electrical connection path.

[0026] Advantageously, the safe operation structure 2 of the surge protector of this utility model is also configured to prevent the backup protection module 1 from forming an electrical connection path before the surge protection module 3 is electrically connected to the power supply line.

[0027] In this way, as long as the surge protection module 3 is not electrically connected to the power supply line, even if the backup protection module 1 is still connected to the power supply line, the backup protection module 1 will remain in an open circuit state due to the safety operation structure 2. This prevents the formation of an electrical connection between the backup protection module 1, the surge protection module 3, and the power supply line, allowing the surge protection module 3 to be connected to the power supply circuit even when it is not powered on. For example, the electrode pins of the surge protection module 3 can be inserted into the electrical connection terminals of the base module 4 when it is not powered on. This also avoids the risk of electric sparks generated by the surge protection module 3 due to energized operation (maintaining electrical connection with the power supply line).

[0028] See now Figure 1A-1C The figure schematically illustrates the operating principle of a surge protector according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the surge protector may include a backup protection module 1, a surge protection module 3, and a safety operation structure 2 disposed between the two modules. The backup protection module 1 and the surge protection module 3 are connected in series at one end and are each electrically connected to a power supply line at the other end to form a power supply circuit together. The surge protection module 3 may be mounted on a base module 4 and electrically connected to the power supply line via the base module 4.

[0029] In this first embodiment, the backup protection module 1 is a module constructed based on circuit breaker technology. It may include a moving contact and a stationary contact, as well as a mechanism for carrying the moving contact, particularly a tripping mechanism. The tripping mechanism can be driven to actuate, causing the moving contact to contact or disengage from the stationary contact, thereby establishing or disconnecting the electrical connection path of the backup protection module 1 itself. According to this invention, the tripping mechanism can be driven by a safety operating structure 2, and in particular, can trip and maintain the tripped state under the action of the safety operating structure 2.

[0030] like Figure 1A As shown, under normal use, the surge protection module 3 is installed in the base module 4 and electrically connected to the power supply line. The tripping mechanism of the backup protection module 1 causes the moving contact to contact the stationary contact. The backup protection module 1, the surge protection module 3 and the power supply line form a connected power supply circuit, that is, a complete electrical connection path is formed.

[0031] When, for example, surge protection module 3 needs to be replaced, such as Figure 1BAs shown, the operator can pull the surge protection module 3 out of the base module 4. During the pulling process, the safety operation structure 2 activates, causing the tripping mechanism of the backup protection module 1 to trip, thereby causing the moving contact to separate from the stationary contact, resulting in the disconnection of the electrical connection path in the backup protection module 1, thus disconnecting the electrical connection path of the entire power supply circuit. In this way, electrical sparks are avoided when the surge protection module 3 is pulled out of the base module 4 (especially when the electrode pins of the surge protection module 3 are separated from the electrical connection terminals of the base module 4), ensuring the safety of the pull-out operation of the surge protection module 3.

[0032] like Figure 1C As shown, after the surge protection module 3 is completely pulled out of the base module 4 and thus disconnected from the power supply line, the tripping mechanism of the backup protection module 1 cannot be reset due to the action of the safety operation structure 2, so that the backup protection module 1 remains in an open circuit state, thereby avoiding the danger of electric sparks when the surge protection module 3 is subsequently connected to the power supply line.

[0033] Only after the surge protection module 3 has been connected to the power supply line, for example, after the electrode pins of the surge protection module 3 have been inserted into the electrical connection terminals of the base module 4, will the restriction on the tripping mechanism of the backup protection module 1 by the safety operation structure 2 be released, so that the operator can manually reset the tripping mechanism to form a connected power supply circuit.

[0034] Now go to Figure 2 The figure shows a perspective view of a surge protector according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein the surge protection module 3 is shown as having been removed from the base module 4.

[0035] exist Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the backup protection module 1 can be mounted side-by-side with the surge protection module 3 on the base module 4. The safety operation structure 2 can be formed at the location where the backup protection module 1 and the surge protection module 3 are in contact, particularly partially formed on the backup protection module 1 and partially formed on the surge protection module 3. More specifically, the safety operation structure 2 can include a driving feature and an actuating feature. The driving feature can be disposed on the surge protection module 3, while the actuating feature can be disposed on the backup protection module 1 and configured to be driven by the driving feature to act on the tripping mechanism of the backup protection module 1, causing the tripping mechanism to trip and allowing or preventing the tripping mechanism from resetting.

[0036] See Figure 3-4As is commonly known, the backup protection module 1 may include a handle 10 and a tripping mechanism operatively connected to the handle 10. The tripping mechanism may include components such as a tripping element 11, a locking element 12, a spring 13, and a contact seat 14. The tripping element 11 and the locking element 12 may engage (especially mesh) or disengage. When the tripping element 11 and the locking element 12 are engaged, the operator can actuate the tripping mechanism by turning the handle 10, particularly by swinging the contact seat 14 so that the moving contact it carries contacts the stationary contact (in which case the spring 13 is compressed), thereby forming an electrical connection path in the backup protection module 1 (e.g., ...). Figure 4 (As shown). This operation can be referred to as "closing". When the tripping element 11 disengages from the locking element 12, on the one hand, the tripping mechanism will be placed in the tripped state, in which the contact seat 14 is swung in the opposite direction by the elastic thrust of the spring 13, causing the moving contact to separate from the stationary contact, and the electrical connection path in the backup protection module 1 is disconnected (as shown). Figure 3 (As shown); on the other hand, the operator will not be able to drive the tripping mechanism by pulling the handle 10, that is, the closing operation cannot be completed. The more specific structure and operation mode of the tripping mechanism of the backup protection module 1 are known to those skilled in the art, and can be designed by those skilled in the art according to actual needs. Therefore, it will not be described in detail.

[0037] In this case, the safety operation structure 2 can be configured to trip the mechanism during and / or after the surge protection module 3 disconnects the power supply line. For this purpose, as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the functional features of the safety operation structure 2 may include two parts: a drive member 21 and a transmission member 22. The drive member 21 may be associated with the release member 11 of the release mechanism, particularly connected to the release member 11 in a manner that allows them to move together, so as to drive the release member 11 to disengage or engage with the locking member 12. The transmission member 22 may be used to receive the action from the drive feature and transmit the action to the drive member 21 so that the drive member 21 moves, particularly rotates.

[0038] Advantageously, the drive member 21 can be connected to the tripping member 11 via a form-fitting connection. For example, the drive member 21 may include a fork-shaped portion that can snap or insert into a corresponding groove or opening fixed on the locking member 11, thereby forming a co-moving assembly. Advantageously, the transmission member 22 can be connected to the end of the drive member 21 opposite to the tripping member 11 and can be arranged to transmit the insertion and removal actions of the surge protection module 3 (e.g., translational movement of the drive feature of the safety operation structure 2) to convert them into rotational movements of the drive member 21.

[0039] As an example, the transmission member 22 may include a rod-shaped body and a connecting portion at the end of the body. The connecting portion may have features for connection to the drive member 21, such as a snap-fit ​​notch for engaging the end of the drive member 21. The body may, for example, be associated with a drive feature of the safety operating structure 2 at the end where the connecting portion is located, so as to move with the movement of the drive feature, particularly for reciprocating translational movement. Preferably, the transmission member 22 may be equipped with a resilient reset member 23, such as a reset spring. The resilient reset member 23, in the form of a spring, may be fitted onto the rod-shaped body of the transmission member 22 to assist the reciprocating motion of the transmission member 22 by being loaded (e.g., compressed by the end of the transmission member 22 that is larger than its body size) and releasing loads.

[0040] Therefore, specifically, the safety operation structure 2 may include a support for supporting the transmission member 22 (and the associated resilient reset member 23) and allowing the transmission member 22 to move (especially translate). Figure 2-4 In the embodiments shown, especially as Figure 2 As shown, the support can be formed by a groove 24 formed on the housing of the backup protection module 1. The groove 24 can be configured to allow the transmission member 22 with the resilient reset member 23 to be slidably embedded therein, and to support the resilient reset member 23 so that it can be loaded by the transmission member 22 and to release the load onto the transmission member 22.

[0041] See also Figure 2 Preferably, the drive feature of the safety operation structure 2 may include a protrusion 25 formed on the housing 30 of the surge protection module 3, the protrusion 25 being configured to slide in the groove 24 in order to push the transmission member 22 to move.

[0042] According to this embodiment, the cooperation structure of the protrusion 25 and the groove 24 of the safety operation structure 2 can cleverly transmit the insertion and removal action of the surge protection module 3 and act on the tripping mechanism of the backup protection module 1, thereby effectively achieving the purpose of this utility model.

[0043] The operation of the surge protector according to the first embodiment of the present invention is described below.

[0044] When the surge protection module 3 of a surge protector malfunctions or fails and needs to be replaced during normal use, the operator can pull the surge protection module 3 upward from the base module 4 (in the direction shown in the attached diagram, the same below). During the upward movement of the surge module 3, the protrusion 25 on its housing 30 will move upward in the groove 24 of the housing of the backup protection module 1. At this time, the transmission component 22 in the groove 24 moves upward under the elastic restoring force of the elastic reset component 23, thereby driving the drive component 21 and the connected tripping component 11 to rotate counterclockwise. This causes the tripping component 11 and the locking component 12 in the backup protection module 1 to change from an engaged state to a disengaged state, resulting in the tripping mechanism disengaging and the moving contact separating from the stationary contact. Simultaneously, the handle 10 and other linkage mechanisms of the backup protection module 1 can also be reset under the action of the spring 13, and the handle 10 completes the tripping. Figure 4 The state shown becomes Figure 3 The state shown.

[0045] The above process begins when the surge protection module 3 is pulled out of the base module 4 and ends before the surge protection module 3 is completely separated from the base module 4. At this time, if... Figure 5A and Figure 5B As shown, the metal electrode pin 31 of the surge protection module 3 and the metal electrical connection terminal (metal socket) 41 of the base module 4 are not completely separated, and there is still a valid electrical connection. However, since the backup protection module 1 has already tripped first and disconnected the electrical connection path, no electrical spark will be generated even if the electrode pin 31 of the surge protection module 3 is finally separated from the electrical connection terminal 41 of the base module 4.

[0046] Here, it is preferable to configure the electrode pins 31 of the surge protection module 3 such that their length when inserted into the electrical connection terminal 41 of the base module 4 is greater than the travel of the protrusion 25 of the safety operation structure 2 in the groove 24. In this way, it can be advantageously ensured that the electrical connection path of the backup protection module 1 is disconnected before the surge protection module 3 is disconnected from the base module 4 or the power supply line.

[0047] After the surge protection module 3 has been removed from the base module 4, due to the action of the drive element 21 of the safety operation structure 2 described above on the tripping element 11, the tripping element 11 remains disengaged from the locking element 12. The tripping mechanism of the backup protection module 1 remains in the tripped state, and the closing operation cannot be completed by turning the handle 10. The electrical connection of the backup protection module 1 and therefore the entire power supply circuit remains disconnected.

[0048] When a new surge protection module 3 is inserted into the base module 4, the protrusion 25 of the drive feature portion of the safety operation structure 2 can slide downward in the groove 24, which is part of the safety operation structure 2, pushing the transmission member 22 to move downward against the elastic force of the elastic reset member 23. This allows the drive member 21 to rotate clockwise together with the tripping member 11, thereby changing the tripping member 11 and the locking member 12 from the disengaged state back to the engaged state. After the surge protection module 3 (especially its electrode pin 31) has been fully inserted into the base module 4 (especially its electrical connection terminal 41), since the tripping member 11 and the locking member 12 are in the engaged state, the operator can pull the handle 10 to complete the closing action, thereby enabling the backup protection module 1 to form an electrical connection path and thus connecting the electrical connection path of the entire power supply circuit.

[0049] See now Figures 6A-6C The figure schematically illustrates the operating principle of a surge protector according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the surge protector may include a backup protection module 1', a surge protection module 3, and a safety operation structure 2 disposed between the two modules. The backup protection module 1' and the surge protection module 3 are connected in series at one end and are each electrically connected to a power supply line at the other end to form a power supply circuit together. The surge protection module 3 may be mounted on a base module 4 and electrically connected to the power supply line via the base module 4.

[0050] In this second embodiment, the backup protection module 1' is a module constructed based on fuse technology, and it may include a switching mechanism for connecting or disconnecting its electrical connection path. This switching mechanism can be driven by the safety operation structure 2. The switching mechanism, for example, includes two contacts that can engage with each other to establish an electrical connection path in the backup protection module 1', and can separate to disconnect the electrical connection path in the backup protection module 1'. Of course, the specific form of the switching mechanism is not limited to the two contacts described above.

[0051] like Figure 6A As shown, under normal use, the surge protection module 3 is installed in the base module 4 and electrically connected to the power supply line. The switching mechanism of the backup protection module 1' is closed, for example, its two contacts are attracted to each other. At this time, the power supply circuit between the backup protection module 1', the surge protection module 3 and the power supply line is connected, that is, an electrical connection path is formed.

[0052] When, for example, surge protection module 3 needs to be replaced, such as Figure 6BAs shown, the operator can pull the surge protection module 3 out of the base module 4. During the pulling process, the safety operation structure 2 activates, causing the switching mechanism of the backup protection module 1' to disconnect, for example, by separating its two contacts, thus disconnecting the electrical connection path in the backup protection module 1', thereby disconnecting the electrical connection path of the entire power supply circuit. In this way, electrical sparks are avoided when the surge protection module 3 is pulled out of the base module 4 (especially when the electrode pins of the surge protection module 3 are separated from the electrical connection terminals of the base module 4), ensuring the safety of the pull-out operation of the surge protection module 3.

[0053] like Figure 6C As shown, after the surge protection module 3 is completely pulled out of the base module 4 and thus disconnected from the power supply line, due to the action of the safety operation structure 2, the switching mechanism of the backup protection module 1' remains open, for example, its two contacts remain separated, so that the backup protection module 1' remains in an open circuit state, thereby avoiding the danger of electric sparks when the surge protection module 3 is subsequently connected to the power supply line.

[0054] Only after the surge protection module 3 has been connected to the power supply line, for example, after the electrode pins of the surge protection module 3 have been inserted into the electrical connection terminals of the base module 4, will the restriction on the switching mechanism of the backup protection module 1' by the safety operation structure 2 be lifted, so that the switching mechanism can be manually closed, for example, by the operator, to form a connected power supply circuit.

[0055] See now Figures 7A-7C The figure schematically illustrates the operating principle of a surge protector according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the surge protector may include a backup protection module 1”, a surge protection module 3, and a safety operation structure 2 disposed between the two modules. The backup protection module 1” and the surge protection module 3 are connected in series at one end and are each electrically connected to a power supply line at the other end to form a power supply circuit together. The surge protection module 3 may be mounted on a base module 4 and electrically connected to the power supply line via the base module 4.

[0056] In this third embodiment, the backup protection module 1” is a module constructed based on discharge gap technology. It may include two separate electrodes, the distance between which can be set to allow a discharge spark to be generated between them when needed (e.g., when a predetermined range of voltage spikes occurs in the power supply line), thereby forming an electrical connection path between the backup protection module 1” and the surge protection module 3, enabling the surge protection module 3 to function properly. The safety operation structure 2 can be constructed and arranged to reversibly change the distance between the two electrodes and / or isolate the two electrodes.

[0057] like Figure 7AAs shown, in normal use, the surge protection module 3 is installed in the base module 4 and electrically connected to the power supply line. The two electrodes of the backup protection module 1” are at a normal predetermined distance so that a discharge spark can be generated, for example, when a voltage spike occurs. This creates an electrical connection path between the backup protection module 1” and the surge protection module 3, so that the voltage spike can be transmitted to the surge protection module 3 and clamped by it.

[0058] When, for example, surge protection module 3 needs to be replaced, such as Figure 7B As shown, the operator can remove the surge protection module 3 from the base module 4. During the removal process, the safety operation structure 2 activates, increasing the distance between the two electrodes of the backup protection module 1” and / or isolating the two electrodes, for example, by setting an insulating partition. This prevents the generation of discharge sparks between the two electrodes, ensuring that no electrical connection path is formed between the backup protection module 1” and the surge protection module 3. This avoids electrical sparks when the surge protection module 3 is removed from the base module 4 (especially when the electrode pins of the surge protection module 3 are separated from the electrical connection terminals of the base module 4), ensuring the safety of the removal operation of the surge protection module 3.

[0059] like Figure 7C As shown, after the surge protection module 3 is completely pulled out of the base module 4 and thus disconnected from the power supply line, due to the action of the safety operation structure 2, the two electrodes of the backup protection module 1” maintain an increased distance or remain isolated, so that an electrical connection path cannot be established by generating a discharge spark, thereby avoiding the danger of current flowing through the surge protection module 3 during the subsequent connection of the surge protection module 3 to the power supply line.

[0060] Only after the surge protection module 3 has been connected to the power supply line, for example, after the electrode pins of the surge protection module 3 have been inserted into the electrical connection terminals of the base module 4, will the safety operation structure 2 restore the normal spacing between the two electrodes of the backup protection module 1” and / or cancel the isolation between the two electrodes, so that they can generate a discharge spark when needed (e.g., when a predetermined range of peak voltage occurs in the power supply line) and thereby form an electrical connection path.

[0061] This invention associates the changes in the electrical connection status of the surge protection module 3 with the power supply line (whether to disconnect from the power supply line or whether an electrical connection has been established) with the backup protection modules 1, 1', 1" by setting a safety operation structure 2 between the surge protection module 3 and the backup protection modules 1, 1', 1" connected in series. This allows the backup protection modules 1, 1', 1" to automatically respond to the changes in the electrical connection status and avoid operating the surge protection module 3 while it is energized (forming an electrical path). This prevents the generation of electrical sparks and eliminates the need for additional manual operation (such as the operation of deliberately disconnecting the electrical path of the entire power supply circuit, which is common in the prior art).

[0062] Various modifications and variations can be made to the embodiments disclosed above without departing from the scope or spirit of this invention. Other embodiments of this invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on the practice of this invention disclosed in this specification. This specification and the examples disclosed herein should be considered illustrative only, and the true scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A surge protector that ensures safe operation, comprising: Surge protection module (3), backup protection module (1); 1’； 1”, the surge protection module (3) and the backup protection module (1; 1'; 1") are connected in series, The surge protector is characterized in that it includes a safety operation structure (2) disposed between the surge protection module (3) and the backup protection module (1; 1'; 1"), the safety operation structure (2) being configured to disconnect or isolate the backup protection module (1; 1'; 1") before the surge protection module (3) is disconnected from the power supply line.

2. The surge protector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety operation structure (2) is also configured to prevent the backup protection module (1; 1'; 1") from forming an electrical connection path before the surge protection module (3) is electrically connected to the power supply line.

3. The surge protector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The backup protection module (1) has a structure based on circuit breaker technology and includes a tripping mechanism for establishing or disconnecting an electrical connection path, wherein the safety operation structure (2) is constructed and arranged to drive the tripping mechanism.

4. The surge protector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The backup protection module (1) has a structure based on discharge gap technology and includes two spaced electrodes for forming a discharge gap, wherein the safety operation structure (2) is constructed and arranged to reversibly change the spacing between the two electrodes and / or isolate the two electrodes.

5. The surge protector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The backup protection module (1') has a structure based on fuse technology and includes a switching mechanism for connecting or disconnecting the electrical connection path, wherein the safety operation structure (2) is constructed and arranged to drive the switching mechanism.

6. The surge protector according to claim 3, characterized in that, The safety operation structure (2) is configured to put the tripping mechanism in a tripped state and prevent the tripping mechanism from resetting during and / or after the surge protection module (3) disconnects the power supply line.

7. The surge protector according to claim 6, characterized in that, The safety operation structure (2) includes a drive feature and an action feature. The drive feature is disposed on the surge protection module (3), and the action feature is disposed on the backup protection module (1). It is configured to be driven by the drive feature to act on the tripping mechanism so as to allow or prohibit the tripping mechanism from resetting.

8. The surge protector according to claim 7, characterized in that, The function feature includes a drive member (21) and a transmission member (22). The drive member (21) is configured to rotate under the action of the transmission member (22), thereby acting on the tripping member (11) of the tripping mechanism.

9. The surge protector according to claim 8, characterized in that, The functional feature also includes an elastic reset element (23).

10. The surge protector according to claim 8, characterized in that, The drive feature includes a protrusion (25) on the housing (30) of the surge protection module (3), the protrusion (25) being configured to slide in a groove (24) to push the transmission member (22) to move.

11. The surge protector according to claim 10, characterized in that, The surge protection module (3) includes an electrode pin (31) which is inserted into the electrical connection terminal (41) of the base module (4) for a length greater than the sliding stroke of the protrusion (25) in the groove (24).

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