Ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit and battery management system

Abstract

The present disclosure provides an ultra-long standby zero-power consumption management circuit and a battery management system, the ultra-long standby zero-power consumption management circuit comprising a master control chip, a power consumption management module and a battery power supply module. The power consumption management module has a feedback, power supply control and voltage stabilizing output module. The power supply control module is connected with the master control chip, the battery power supply module and the voltage stabilizing output module; the feedback module control end is connected with the master control chip feedback signal output end, the first end is connected with the master control chip feedback signal receiving end and the power supply control module locking signal output end, and the second end is grounded. After the initial and work completion, the circuit can enter the zero-power consumption standby mode, cut off the power path, reduce the battery energy consumption, prolong the equipment use time and standby period. And through the self-locking control and feedback detection mechanism, the power supply is stable, thereby improving the reliability of the ultra-long standby zero-power consumption management circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the technical field of battery management systems, and in particular to an ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit and battery management system. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of battery management system technology, with the widespread application of various portable electronic devices, IoT devices, and remote monitoring devices, the requirements for device battery life are becoming increasingly stringent. These devices often need to remain in standby mode for extended periods while minimizing standby power consumption to extend battery life and standby cycles.

[0003] Currently, some modules in existing battery management circuits continue to consume power even in standby mode, causing the battery to gradually deplete over extended periods. For example, some power supply control modules cannot completely disconnect from the battery even when the device is in standby mode, resulting in persistent, albeit small, leakage currents that affect battery capacity. Furthermore, the lack of effective self-locking and feedback mechanisms in the power supply circuits makes them prone to power interruptions, affecting the normal operation of the equipment and reducing the reliability of the battery management system. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this disclosure is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit and battery management system with self-locking function.

[0005] The purpose of this disclosure is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] An ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit includes a main control chip, a power management module, and a battery power supply module. The power management module includes a feedback module, a power supply control module, and a voltage regulator output module. The power supply control terminal of the power supply control module is connected to the power supply enable terminal of the main control chip, the latch signal input terminal of the power supply control module is connected to the self-locking control terminal of the main control chip, the input terminal of the power supply control module is connected to the voltage output terminal of the battery power supply module, the output terminal of the power supply control module is connected to the input terminal of the voltage regulator output module, and the output terminal of the voltage regulator output module is connected to the power input terminal of the main control chip.

[0007] The control terminal of the feedback module is connected to the feedback signal output terminal of the main control chip. The first terminal of the feedback module is connected to the feedback signal receiving terminal of the main control chip and the latching signal output terminal of the power supply control module, respectively. The second terminal of the feedback module is grounded.

[0008] In one embodiment, the power supply control module includes a power supply switch, an enable composite switch, and a first current-limiting resistor. The first terminal of the power supply switch is connected to the voltage output terminal of the battery power supply module, the control terminal of the power supply switch is connected to the first terminal of the enable composite switch, the second terminal of the power supply switch is connected to the input terminal of the voltage regulator output module, the control terminal of the enable composite switch is connected to the power supply enable terminal of the main control chip, the self-locking signal terminal of the enable composite switch is connected to the self-locking control terminal of the main control chip, the second terminal of the enable composite switch is grounded, the first terminal of the first current-limiting resistor is connected to the control terminal of the power supply switch, and the second terminal of the first current-limiting resistor is connected to the first terminal of the enable composite switch.

[0009] In one embodiment, the power supply control module further includes a reverse connection protection diode and a second current-limiting resistor. The positive terminal of the reverse connection protection diode is connected to the voltage output terminal of the battery power supply module, the negative terminal of the reverse connection protection diode is connected to the first terminal of the second current-limiting resistor, and the second terminal of the second current-limiting resistor is connected to the first terminal of the power supply switch.

[0010] In one embodiment, the power supply control module further includes a first bias resistor, the first end of which is connected to the first end of the power supply switch transistor, and the second end of which is connected to the control terminal of the power supply switch transistor.

[0011] In one embodiment, the power supply control module further includes a voltage divider resistor, the first end of which is connected to the control terminal of the enabling composite switch transistor, and the second end of which is connected to the power supply enable terminal of the main control chip.

[0012] In one embodiment, the power supply switch is a PNP transistor.

[0013] In one embodiment, the voltage regulation output module includes a voltage regulator and a filter capacitor. The input terminal of the voltage regulator is connected to the output terminal of the power supply control module, the output terminal of the voltage regulator is connected to the power input terminal of the main control chip, the first terminal of the filter capacitor is connected to the output terminal of the voltage regulator, and the second terminal of the filter capacitor is grounded.

[0014] In one embodiment, the feedback module includes a feedback switch and a third current-limiting resistor. The control terminal of the feedback switch is connected to the feedback signal output terminal of the main control chip. The first terminal of the feedback switch is connected to the feedback signal receiving terminal of the main control chip and the latching signal output terminal of the power supply control module. The second terminal of the feedback switch is grounded. The first terminal of the third current-limiting resistor is connected to the control terminal of the feedback switch, and the second terminal of the third current-limiting resistor is connected to the feedback signal output terminal of the main control chip.

[0015] In one embodiment, the feedback module further includes a second bias resistor, the first end of which is connected to the control terminal of the feedback switch, and the second end of which is connected to the second terminal of the feedback switch and the ground terminal.

[0016] This application also provides a battery management system, including the ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit described in any of the above embodiments.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, this disclosure has at least the following advantages:

[0018] The aforementioned ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit, upon initial setup and completion of operation, enters a completely power-off zero-power standby mode. The power supply path between the battery-powered module and all other modules is completely severed, resulting in no additional power consumption. This minimizes battery energy consumption and significantly extends the usage time and standby cycle of battery-powered devices. Furthermore, the self-locking control between the power supply control module and the main control chip, along with the feedback detection mechanism between the feedback module and the main control chip, further ensures a stable and continuous power supply during circuit operation, thereby enhancing the reliability of the ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this disclosure and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 A circuit diagram of an embodiment of an ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The circuit diagram of the power management module shown is shown.

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The circuit diagram of the main control chip is shown below;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The circuit diagram of the battery-powered module is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To facilitate understanding of this disclosure, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the present disclosure. However, this disclosure can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure.

[0025] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this disclosure. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0027] To better understand the technical solutions and beneficial effects of this disclosure, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments:

[0028] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an embodiment of the ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit 10 of this disclosure includes a main control chip U2, a power management module 100, and a battery power supply module 200. The power management module 100 includes a feedback module 110, a power supply control module 120, and a voltage regulator output module 130. The power supply control terminal of the power supply control module 120 is connected to the power supply enable terminal of the main control chip U2. The latch signal input terminal of the power supply control module 120 is connected to the self-locking control terminal of the main control chip U2. The input terminal of the power supply control module 120 is connected to the voltage output terminal of the battery power supply module 200. The output terminal of the power supply control module 120 is connected to the input terminal of the voltage regulator output module 130. The output terminal of the voltage regulator output module 130 is connected to the power input terminal of the main control chip U2.

[0029] The control terminal of the feedback module 110 is connected to the feedback signal output terminal of the main control chip U2. The first terminal of the feedback module 110 is connected to the feedback signal receiving terminal of the main control chip U2 and the latching signal output terminal of the power supply control module 120 respectively. The second terminal of the feedback module 110 is grounded.

[0030] In this embodiment, initially, the entire circuit is in a zero-power standby mode. At this time, the internal switch of the power supply control module 120 is off, and the power from the battery power supply module 200 cannot be transferred to the subsequent feedback module 110, voltage regulator output module 130, and main control chip U2. When the circuit needs to be started, the external host trigger signal directly acts on the power supply control module 120, driving the internal switch of the power supply control module 120 to conduct. At this time, the battery power supply module 200 outputs voltage to the power supply control module 120 through its voltage output terminal, and the power is transferred to the voltage regulator output module 130 via the power supply control module 120. The voltage regulator output module 130 first filters the input voltage through components such as capacitors and inductors, and then the internal voltage regulator chip regulates the voltage, finally outputting a stable voltage. The regulated power is then delivered to the power input terminal of the main control chip U2 through the output terminal of the voltage regulator output module 130, thereby providing a stable operating power supply to the main control chip U2, enabling the main control chip U2 to start normally and begin operation.

[0031] Furthermore, after the main control chip U2 receives a stable power supply, to ensure stable power supply during operation, the self-locking control terminal of the main control chip U2 will output a self-locking control signal, which is transmitted to the latching signal input terminal of the power supply control module 120. After receiving the self-locking signal, the power supply control module 120 enters a self-locking state and continuously supplies power to the voltage regulator output module 130, thereby ensuring the continuity of power supply to the main control chip U2. In addition, to further confirm that the power supply status is normal, the main control chip U2 outputs a feedback signal through its feedback signal output terminal to the control terminal of the feedback module 110 and the external host. Subsequently, the feedback module 110 is triggered, and its internal switching transistor is turned on. After receiving the feedback signal output from the feedback signal output terminal of the main control chip U2, the external host confirms that the main control chip and the battery are working normally, and the self-locking control terminal of the main control chip U2 continues to output a self-locking control signal to maintain power supply. Since the first terminal of the feedback module 110 is connected to the feedback signal receiving terminal of the main control chip U2 and the latching signal output terminal of the power supply control module 120, and the second terminal is grounded, when the feedback module 110 is triggered to conduct, the high-level signal output by the latching signal output terminal of the power supply control module 120 will be pulled to ground potential through the feedback module 110. This allows the feedback signal receiving terminal of the main control chip U2 to detect a low level, thereby confirming in real time that the power supply control module 120 has been stably conducted and the power supply is normal. This feedback mechanism, together with the self-locking signal, forms a double guarantee: the self-locking signal ensures that the power supply control module 120 is continuously conducted from the control logic, while the feedback mechanism allows the main control chip U2 to monitor and confirm this state in real time, thereby further ensuring the stability and uninterrupted power supply of the main control chip U2.

[0032] Furthermore, when the main control chip U2 completes its work and needs to enter standby mode, it first stops outputting feedback signals to the feedback module 110, and then the self-locking control terminal of the main control chip U2 stops outputting self-locking signals. At this time, the self-locking state of the power supply control module 120 is released, the internal switching transistor is turned off, that is, the power supply control module 120 is turned off. After the power supply control module 120 is turned off, its latching signal output terminal stops outputting a level, and the feedback module 110 is turned off due to the loss of feedback signals from the main control chip U2. The voltage regulation output module 130, having lost its input power, cannot continue to output power and immediately stops supplying power to the main control chip U2. At this time, the main control chip U2 enters a completely power-off state due to the loss of power supply, achieving zero-power standby. Thus, the entire circuit has no other additional power consumption, all modules stop working, ultimately achieving the zero-power standby function and preparing for the next startup.

[0033] The aforementioned ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit 10 can enter a completely power-off zero-power standby mode after the initial state and operation completion. The power supply path between the battery power supply module 200 and each module is completely cut off, resulting in no additional power consumption. This minimizes battery energy consumption and significantly extends the usage time and standby cycle of battery-powered devices. Furthermore, the self-locking control of the power supply control module 120 and the main control chip U2, as well as the feedback detection mechanism of the feedback module 110 and the main control chip U2, further ensure the continuous and stable power supply during circuit operation, thereby improving the reliability of the ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit 10.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the power supply control module 120 includes a power supply switch Q5, an enable composite switch Q3, and a first current-limiting resistor R30. The first terminal of the power supply switch Q5 is connected to the voltage output terminal of the battery power supply module 200, the control terminal of the power supply switch Q5 is connected to the first terminal of the enable composite switch Q3, the second terminal of the power supply switch Q5 is connected to the input terminal of the voltage regulator output module 130, the control terminal of the enable composite switch Q3 is connected to the power supply enable terminal of the main control chip U2, the self-locking signal terminal of the enable composite switch Q3 is connected to the self-locking control terminal of the main control chip U2, the second terminal of the enable composite switch Q3 is grounded, the first terminal of the first current-limiting resistor R30 is connected to the control terminal of the power supply switch Q5, and the second terminal of the first current-limiting resistor R30 is connected to the first terminal of the enable composite switch Q3. In this embodiment, when the power supply switch Q5 is turned on, the power of the battery power supply module 200 can be smoothly transferred to the voltage regulator output module 130, thereby providing working power to the main control chip U2; when the power supply switch Q5 is turned off, the power path is cut off, effectively preventing the ineffective transfer of battery energy to subsequent modules, and realizing zero-power standby.

[0035] Furthermore, the enabling composite switch Q3 is composed of a first switching tube and a second switching tube, wherein the first switching tube is a PNP transistor and the second switching tube is an NPN transistor. The base of the first switching tube is connected to the power supply enable terminal of the main control chip U2, the emitter of the first switching tube is connected to the self-locking control terminal of the main control chip U2, the collector of the first switching tube is connected to the base of the second switching tube, the collector of the second switching tube is connected to the control terminal of the power supply switch Q5, and the emitter of the second switching tube is grounded. When the external host trigger circuit is started, the power supply enable terminal of the main control chip U2 outputs a low-level signal to the base of the first switching tube. The emitter of the first switching tube receives a high-level self-locking control signal output by the main control chip U2, causing the first switching tube to reach its conduction threshold condition and turn on. After the circuit starts, the level signal output by the self-locking control terminal of the main control chip U2 is transmitted to the base of the second switching tube through the collector of the first switching tube, causing the base of the second switching tube to reach its conduction threshold condition, thereby driving the second switching tube to turn on. After the second switching tube turns on... By changing the voltage at the control terminal of the power supply switch Q5 through its collector, the control terminal of the power supply switch Q5 reaches its conduction threshold voltage, thereby driving the power supply switch Q5 to conduct, and then the power is transmitted to the input terminal of the voltage regulator output module 130; when the main control chip U2 needs to enter the standby state, the main control chip U2 changes the power supply enable signal from low level to high level, so that the base voltage of the first switching tube is greater than its emitter voltage, causing the first switching tube to turn off; the second switching tube is turned off due to the loss of the base drive signal, thereby causing the power supply switch Q5 to turn off, thus cutting off the power path.

[0036] Furthermore, the first current-limiting resistor R30 is connected in series between the control terminal of the power supply switch Q5 and the collector of the second switching tube to limit the charging and discharging current of the control terminal of the power supply switch Q5, preventing overcurrent damage to the control terminal of the power supply switch Q5. During circuit startup or operation, when the enabling composite switch Q3 is turned on, the first current-limiting resistor R30 can buffer current changes, preventing instantaneous overcurrent from impacting the power supply switch Q5, ensuring that the power supply switch Q5 can respond normally to the control signal, thereby achieving stable power transmission.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, in one embodiment, the power supply control module 120 further includes a reverse polarity protection diode D3 and a second current-limiting resistor R27. The positive terminal of the reverse polarity protection diode D3 is connected to the voltage output terminal of the battery power supply module 200, and the negative terminal of the reverse polarity protection diode D3 is connected to the first terminal of the second current-limiting resistor R27. The second terminal of the second current-limiting resistor R27 is connected to the first terminal of the power supply switch Q5. In this embodiment, during the process of the battery power supply module 200 supplying power to subsequent modules, if a fault occurs in the voltage regulator output module 130 or other related circuits, generating a reverse electromotive force, it will cause the current to flow in reverse to the battery power supply module 200. At this time, the reverse polarity protection diode D3 is immediately cut off due to reverse bias, preventing the reverse current from causing breakdown or burnout of components such as the battery power supply module 200 and the power supply switch Q5, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the entire circuit. In addition, the second current-limiting resistor R27 is connected in series between the battery power supply module 200 and the power supply switch Q5. By limiting the total current flowing through the power supply switch Q5, it controls the current within the safe operating current range of the power supply switch Q5, thereby protecting the power supply switch Q5 from overcurrent damage.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the power supply control module 120 further includes a first bias resistor R29. The first end of the first bias resistor R29 is connected to the first end of the power supply switch Q5, and the second end of the first bias resistor R29 is connected to the control terminal of the power supply switch Q5. In this embodiment, during the initial state or operation of the circuit, the control terminal of the power supply switch Q5 requires specific voltage conditions to accurately respond to the control signal of the enable composite switch Q3, thereby switching between the on and off states. By connecting the first end of the power supply switch Q5 to the control terminal, the first bias resistor R29 makes the gate potential follow the source potential change, providing a stable potential reference for the control terminal, effectively eliminating the potential uncertainty caused by the control terminal being floating, and thus improving the reliability of the circuit in standby mode.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, in one embodiment, the power supply control module 120 further includes a voltage divider resistor R24. The first end of the voltage divider resistor R24 ​​is connected to the control terminal of the enabling composite switch Q3, and the second end of the voltage divider resistor R24 ​​is connected to the power supply enable terminal of the main control chip U2. In this embodiment, the power supply enable signal voltage output by the main control chip U2 may not be perfectly matched to the optimal voltage value required by the control terminal of the enabling composite switch Q3. Through the voltage divider circuit formed by the voltage divider resistor R24 ​​and the resistors in the circuit, the power supply enable signal voltage output by the main control chip U2 can be precisely adjusted to a suitable voltage range that the control terminal of the enabling composite switch Q3 can accurately recognize and respond to. For example, if the output voltage of the main control chip U2 is high, while the drive voltage required for the control terminal of the enable composite switch Q3 is low, the voltage divider resistor R24 ​​can reduce the high voltage according to a certain voltage division ratio, so that the voltage applied to the control terminal of the enable composite switch Q3 is within its normal operating threshold range. This ensures that the enable composite switch Q3 can accurately perform conduction or cutoff operations according to the power supply enable signal of the main control chip U2, thereby precisely controlling the working state of the power supply switch Q5 and realizing reliable control of the power supply on and off of the entire circuit.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the power supply switch Q5 is a PNP transistor. In this embodiment, the first terminal of the power supply switch Q5 is the emitter of the PNP transistor, the second terminal of the power supply switch Q5 is the collector of the PNP transistor, and the control terminal of the power supply switch Q5 is the base of the PNP transistor. When the base receives a suitable low-level signal, the PNP transistor conducts, forming a low-resistance path between the emitter and collector, allowing the power from the battery power supply module 200 to flow smoothly, providing operating power to the subsequent voltage regulator output module 130 and the main control chip U2. When the base receives a high-level signal, the PNP transistor is cut off, presenting a high-resistance state between the emitter and collector, effectively cutting off the power path and preventing the ineffective transfer of battery energy to subsequent modules, thereby achieving zero-power standby. The aforementioned switching control capability ensures the stability and reliability of the circuit under different operating states.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, in one embodiment, the voltage regulation output module 130 includes a voltage regulator U3 and a filter capacitor C17. The input terminal of the voltage regulator U3 is connected to the output terminal of the power supply control module 120, and the output terminal of the voltage regulator U3 is connected to the power input terminal of the main control chip U2. The first terminal of the filter capacitor C17 is connected to the output terminal of the voltage regulator U3, and the second terminal of the filter capacitor C17 is grounded. In this embodiment, the voltage regulator U3 can receive the voltage output by the power supply control module 120 and stabilize the output voltage at the precise voltage value required by the main control chip U2 through an internal precision adjustment mechanism. This provides a stable and reliable power supply for the main control chip U2, ensuring that the main control chip U2 can operate normally under various working scenarios and avoiding problems such as performance instability, data loss, or even damage caused by voltage fluctuations. This improves the stability and reliability of the ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit 10. After the voltage regulator U3 outputs a stable voltage, various high-frequency noises and ripple interferences inevitably exist in the circuit. These interference signals will affect the working accuracy and stability of the main control chip U2. Filter capacitor C17, with its unique capacitive characteristics, can effectively filter out high-frequency noise and ripple in the output voltage. During circuit operation, filter capacitor C17 utilizes its low impedance to high-frequency signals to quickly bypass high-frequency noise and ripple in the output voltage to ground through its own low-impedance path. At the same time, it responds to instantaneous changes in load current through charging and discharging operations, maintaining a stable output voltage. This makes the voltage output to the power input terminal of the main control chip U2 smoother, further providing high-quality power assurance for the main control chip U2.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, in one embodiment, the feedback module 110 includes a feedback switch Q1 and a third current-limiting resistor R17. The control terminal of the feedback switch Q1 is connected to the feedback signal output terminal of the main control chip U2. The first terminal of the feedback switch Q1 is connected to the feedback signal receiving terminal of the main control chip U2 and the latching signal output terminal of the power supply control module 120, respectively. The second terminal of the feedback switch Q1 is grounded. The first terminal of the third current-limiting resistor R17 is connected to the control terminal of the feedback switch Q1, and the second terminal of the third current-limiting resistor R17 is connected to the feedback signal output terminal of the main control chip U2. In this embodiment, after the main control chip U2 completes startup and stable operation, it outputs a feedback signal through its feedback signal output terminal. This feedback signal acts on the control terminal of the feedback switch Q1. When the feedback signal reaches the conduction threshold of the feedback switch Q1, the feedback switch Q1 is turned on. Since the first terminal of the feedback switch Q1 is connected to the feedback signal receiving terminal of the main control chip U2 and the latching signal output terminal of the power supply control module 120, and its second terminal is grounded, when the feedback switch Q1 is turned on, the latching signal output terminal of the power supply control module 120 is pulled to ground potential through the turned-on feedback switch Q1. The feedback signal receiving terminal of the main control chip U2 detects this low-level signal and can confirm in real time that the power supply control module 120 has been stably turned on, enabling the main control chip U2 to quickly and accurately obtain power supply status information. When the main control chip U2 outputs a feedback signal, there may be some current fluctuation in the circuit. The third current-limiting resistor R17 is connected in series between the control terminal of the feedback switch Q1 and the feedback signal output terminal of the main control chip U2. This limits the current flowing to the control terminal of the feedback switch Q1, preventing excessive current from impacting the control terminal of the feedback switch Q1 and preventing damage to the feedback switch Q1 due to overcurrent, thereby improving the reliability of the feedback module 110.

[0043] In another embodiment, the feedback switch Q1 is an NPN transistor, the first terminal of the feedback switch Q1 is the collector of the NPN transistor, the second terminal of the feedback switch Q1 is the emitter of the NPN transistor, and the control terminal of the feedback switch Q1 is the base of the NPN transistor.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, in one embodiment, the feedback module 110 further includes a second bias resistor R16. The first end of the second bias resistor R16 is connected to the control terminal of the feedback switch Q1, and the second end of the second bias resistor R16 is connected to the second terminal of the feedback switch Q1 and the ground terminal, respectively. In this embodiment, the main control chip U2 determines the conduction state of the power supply control module 120 by detecting the level signal at the first terminal of the feedback switch Q1. When the feedback switch Q1 is on, the level at its first terminal is pulled low to ground potential; when the feedback switch Q1 is off, the level at its first terminal depends on the state of the latch signal output terminal of the power supply control module 120. The second bias resistor R16 helps to provide a stable low-level reference for the control terminal of the feedback switch Q1 when it is off, ensuring that the off state of Q1 is reliable. Without the second bias resistor R16, when the feedback switch Q1 is off, its control terminal may be in a floating state, which is easily affected by external electromagnetic interference and generates uncertain level signals, causing Q1 to be falsely turned on or falsely turned off, thereby affecting the accurate judgment of the power supply state by the main control chip U2. The second bias resistor R16 connects the control terminal of the feedback switch Q1 to the ground terminal, providing a stable low-level reference for the control terminal in the off state, avoiding abnormal operation of Q1 due to the control terminal being floating, thereby ensuring that the main control chip U2 can more accurately detect the conduction state change of the power supply control module 120 and improve the detection accuracy of the feedback signal.

[0045] This application also provides a battery management system, including the ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit 10 of any of the above embodiments. In this embodiment, initially, the entire circuit is in a zero-power standby mode. At this time, the internal switch of the power supply control module 120 is in the off state, and the power of the battery power supply module 200 cannot be transferred to the subsequent feedback module 110, the voltage regulator output module 130, and the main control chip U2. When the circuit needs to be started, the external host trigger signal directly acts on the power supply control module 120, driving the internal switch of the power supply control module 120 to conduct. At this time, the battery power supply module 200 outputs voltage to the power supply control module 120 through the voltage output terminal, and the power is transferred to the voltage regulator output module 130 through the power supply control module 120. The voltage regulator output module 130 first filters the input voltage through components such as capacitors and inductors, and then the internal voltage regulator chip regulates the voltage, finally outputting a stable voltage. The regulated electrical energy is supplied to the power input terminal of the main control chip U2 through the output terminal of the voltage regulator output module 130, thereby providing a stable operating power supply for the main control chip U2 and enabling it to start up and run normally. Furthermore, after the main control chip U2 receives a stable power supply, to ensure stable power supply during operation, the self-locking control terminal of the main control chip U2 outputs a self-locking control signal, which is transmitted to the latching signal input terminal of the power supply control module 120. Upon receiving the self-locking signal, the power supply control module 120 enters a self-locking state, continuously supplying electrical energy to the voltage regulator output module 130, thus ensuring the continuity of power supply to the main control chip U2. In addition, to further confirm that the power supply status is normal, the main control chip U2 outputs a feedback signal through its feedback signal output terminal to the control terminal of the feedback module 110 and the external host. Subsequently, the feedback module 110 is triggered, and its internal switching transistor is turned on. After receiving the feedback signal from the feedback signal output terminal of the main control chip U2, the external host confirms that the main control chip and battery are working normally. The self-locking control terminal of the main control chip U2 continuously outputs a self-locking control signal to maintain power supply. Since the first terminal of the feedback module 110 is connected to the feedback signal receiving terminal of the main control chip U2 and the latching signal output terminal of the power supply control module 120 respectively, and the second terminal is grounded, when the feedback module 110 is triggered to conduct, the high-level signal output by the latching signal output terminal of the power supply control module 120 will be pulled to ground potential through the feedback module 110, thereby enabling the feedback signal receiving terminal of the main control chip U2 to detect a low level, and thus confirm in real time that the power supply control module 120 has been stably conducted and the power supply is normal. This feedback mechanism and the self-locking signal work together to form a double guarantee: the self-locking signal ensures that the power supply control module 120 is continuously conducted from the control logic, while the feedback mechanism allows the main control chip U2 to monitor and confirm this state in real time, thereby further ensuring the stability and uninterrupted power supply of the main control chip U2. Furthermore, when the main control chip U2 finishes its work and needs to enter standby mode, it first stops outputting feedback signals to the feedback module 110, and then the self-locking control terminal of the main control chip U2 stops outputting self-locking signals.At this point, the self-locking state of the power supply control module 120 is released, and the internal switching transistor is cut off, meaning the power supply control module 120 is turned off. After the power supply control module 120 is turned off, its latching signal output terminal stops outputting a level, and the feedback module 110 is turned off due to the loss of feedback signal from the main control chip U2. The voltage regulation output module 130, having lost its input power, can no longer output power and immediately stops supplying power to the main control chip U2. At this time, the main control chip U2 enters a completely power-off state due to the loss of power, achieving zero-power standby. Thus, the entire circuit has no other additional power consumption, all modules stop working, ultimately achieving the zero-power standby function and preparing for the next startup.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, this disclosure has at least the following advantages:

[0047] The aforementioned ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit 10 can enter a completely power-off zero-power standby mode after the initial state and operation completion. The power supply path between the battery power supply module 200 and each module is completely cut off, resulting in no additional power consumption. This minimizes battery energy consumption and significantly extends the usage time and standby cycle of battery-powered devices. Furthermore, the self-locking control of the power supply control module 120 and the main control chip U2, as well as the feedback detection mechanism of the feedback module 110 and the main control chip U2, further ensure the continuous and stable power supply during circuit operation, thereby improving the reliability of the ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit 10.

[0048] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this disclosure, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the disclosed patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this disclosure, and these all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A long standby zero-power management circuit, characterized in that, Includes the main control chip, power management module, and battery power supply module. The power consumption management module includes a feedback module, a power supply control module, and a voltage regulation output module. The power supply control terminal of the power supply control module is connected to the power supply enable terminal of the main control chip, the latch signal input terminal of the power supply control module is connected to the self-locking control terminal of the main control chip, the input terminal of the power supply control module is connected to the voltage output terminal of the battery power supply module, the output terminal of the power supply control module is connected to the input terminal of the voltage regulation output module, and the output terminal of the voltage regulation output module is connected to the power input terminal of the main control chip. The control terminal of the feedback module is connected to the feedback signal output terminal of the main control chip. The first terminal of the feedback module is connected to the feedback signal receiving terminal of the main control chip and the latching signal output terminal of the power supply control module, respectively. The second terminal of the feedback module is grounded.

2. The ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply control module includes a power supply switch transistor, an enable composite switch transistor, and a first current-limiting resistor. The first terminal of the power supply switch transistor is connected to the voltage output terminal of the battery power supply module. The control terminal of the power supply switch transistor is connected to the first terminal of the enable composite switch transistor. The second terminal of the power supply switch transistor is connected to the input terminal of the voltage regulator output module. The control terminal of the enable composite switch transistor is connected to the power supply enable terminal of the main control chip. The self-locking signal terminal of the enable composite switch transistor is connected to the self-locking control terminal of the main control chip. The second terminal of the enable composite switch transistor is grounded. The first terminal of the first current-limiting resistor is connected to the control terminal of the power supply switch transistor. The second terminal of the first current-limiting resistor is connected to the first terminal of the enable composite switch transistor.

3. The ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power supply control module also includes a reverse connection protection diode and a second current-limiting resistor. The positive terminal of the reverse connection protection diode is connected to the voltage output terminal of the battery power supply module, the negative terminal of the reverse connection protection diode is connected to the first terminal of the second current-limiting resistor, and the second terminal of the second current-limiting resistor is connected to the first terminal of the power supply switch.

4. The ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power supply control module further includes a first bias resistor, the first end of which is connected to the first end of the power supply switch transistor, and the second end of which is connected to the control end of the power supply switch transistor.

5. The ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power supply control module also includes a voltage divider resistor. The first end of the voltage divider resistor is connected to the control terminal of the enabling composite switch transistor, and the second end of the voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply enable terminal of the main control chip.

6. The ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power supply switch is a PNP transistor.

7. The ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage regulation output module includes a voltage regulator and a filter capacitor. The input terminal of the voltage regulator is connected to the output terminal of the power supply control module, and the output terminal of the voltage regulator is connected to the power input terminal of the main control chip. The first terminal of the filter capacitor is connected to the output terminal of the voltage regulator, and the second terminal of the filter capacitor is grounded.

8. The ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feedback module includes a feedback switch and a third current-limiting resistor. The control terminal of the feedback switch is connected to the feedback signal output terminal of the main control chip. The first terminal of the feedback switch is connected to the feedback signal receiving terminal of the main control chip and the latching signal output terminal of the power supply control module. The second terminal of the feedback switch is grounded. The first terminal of the third current-limiting resistor is connected to the control terminal of the feedback switch, and the second terminal of the third current-limiting resistor is connected to the feedback signal output terminal of the main control chip.

9. The ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The feedback module further includes a second bias resistor, the first end of which is connected to the control terminal of the feedback switch transistor, and the second end of which is connected to the second terminal of the feedback switch transistor and the ground terminal, respectively.

10. A battery management system, characterized in that, The circuit includes the ultra-long standby zero-power management circuit described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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