Dc-dc conversion circuit for photovoltaic cells and battery bank cooperative power supply

Abstract

The utility model relates to photovoltaic power generation technical field especially relates to a kind of DC-DC conversion circuit of photovoltaic cell and battery pack coordinated power supply.The circuit includes voltage detection unit, controller, bleeder module and DC-DC conversion circuit.Voltage detection unit detects photovoltaic cell port voltage and exports electric signal to controller.Controller determines power supply mode according to photovoltaic cell voltage, battery pack rated voltage and load operating voltage, and controls bleeder module to turn on corresponding bleeder channel.Power supply mode includes photovoltaic cell and battery pack simultaneously power supply for load, and photovoltaic cell powers supply for load and simultaneously charges battery pack.DC-DC conversion circuit switches photovoltaic cell to corresponding power supply mode when bleeder module turns on corresponding channel.The circuit realizes seamless switching of power supply mode by accurate detection and control, effectively suppresses voltage fluctuation, avoids circuit damage, improves system stability and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a DC-DC conversion circuit for coordinated power supply of photovoltaic cells and battery packs. Background Technology

[0002] In photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems, the design of DC-DC converter circuits that coordinate the power supply of PV cells and battery packs is crucial. As a renewable energy source, the output power of PV cells is significantly affected by environmental factors such as sunlight intensity and temperature, exhibiting fluctuations and intermittency. To ensure a stable power supply to the load, PV cells and battery packs are typically used together to form a complementary power supply system. In such a system, PV cells and battery packs can simultaneously power the load, or the PV cells can charge the battery pack while powering the load.

[0003] However, when switching between different power supply modes, the difference between the output voltage of the photovoltaic cells and the voltage of the battery pack can easily lead to voltage surges or overvoltage in the circuit, which can damage circuit components and affect the stability and reliability of the system. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of this utility model is to provide a DC-DC converter circuit that uses photovoltaic cells and battery packs to power the circuit in coordination. This circuit aims to solve the technical problem that when switching between different power supply modes, the difference between the output voltage of the photovoltaic cells and the voltage of the battery pack can easily lead to voltage fluctuations or overvoltage in the circuit, which can damage the circuit components.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a DC-DC conversion circuit for coordinated power supply of photovoltaic cells and battery packs. The circuit includes: a voltage detection unit, a controller, a discharge module, and a DC-DC conversion circuit. The voltage detection unit is connected to the photovoltaic cell and the controller, the controller is connected to the discharge module and the DC-DC conversion circuit, the discharge module is connected to the photovoltaic cell and the DC-DC conversion circuit, and the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected to the load and the battery pack. The voltage detection unit is used to detect the battery port voltage of the photovoltaic cell and output the electrical signal corresponding to the battery port voltage to the controller; The controller is used to acquire the rated voltage of the battery pack and the operating voltage of the load, and determine the power supply mode of the photovoltaic cell based on the voltage value corresponding to the electrical signal, the rated voltage of the battery pack, and the operating voltage of the load. The controller is also used to control the discharge module to conduct the discharge channel of the photovoltaic cell corresponding to the power supply mode, wherein the power supply mode of the photovoltaic cell includes the photovoltaic cell and the battery pack simultaneously supplying power to the load, and the photovoltaic cell supplying power to the load and charging the battery pack. The DC-DC converter circuit is used to switch the photovoltaic cell to the corresponding power supply mode when the discharge module conducts the discharge channel corresponding to the power supply mode of the photovoltaic cell.

[0006] Optionally, the DC-DC conversion circuit for co-powering photovoltaic cells and battery packs further includes a comparison unit, and the discharge module includes a first discharge unit and a second discharge unit; The comparison unit is connected to the voltage detection unit and the controller respectively; the first discharge unit is connected to the photovoltaic cell and the DC-DC conversion circuit respectively; and the second discharge unit is connected to the photovoltaic cell and the DC-DC conversion circuit respectively. The voltage detection unit is also used to output an electrical signal corresponding to the battery port voltage to the comparison unit; The comparison unit is configured to output a first electrical signal to the controller when the voltage value corresponding to the electrical signal is greater than a first preset threshold, and to output a second electrical signal to the controller when the voltage value corresponding to the electrical signal is less than or equal to the first preset threshold. The controller is further configured to, upon receiving the first electrical signal, control the first discharge unit to conduct the first discharge channel of the photovoltaic cell, wherein the power supply mode corresponding to the first discharge channel is that the photovoltaic cell supplies power to the load and charges the battery pack; The controller is further configured to, upon receiving the second electrical signal, control the second discharge unit to conduct the second discharge channel of the photovoltaic cell, wherein the power supply mode corresponding to the second discharge channel is that the photovoltaic cell and the battery pack simultaneously supply power to the load.

[0007] Optionally, the DC-DC converter circuit for co-powering photovoltaic cells and battery packs further includes: a voltage divider unit and a voltage regulator unit; The voltage divider unit is connected to both the photovoltaic cell and the voltage regulator unit, and the voltage regulator unit is connected to the voltage detection unit. The voltage divider unit is used to divide the battery port voltage provided by the photovoltaic cell to obtain a divided voltage, and send the divided voltage to the voltage regulator unit; The voltage stabilizing unit is used to stabilize the voltage divider and send the stabilized voltage divider to the voltage detection unit; The voltage detection unit is also used to adjust the regulated voltage divider to obtain the electrical signal corresponding to the battery port voltage.

[0008] Optionally, the DC-DC conversion circuit for co-powering photovoltaic cells and battery packs further includes: a wireless communication unit; The wireless communication unit is connected to both the controller and the terminal device. The controller is also configured to output a corresponding port voltage display signal to the wireless communication unit based on the electrical signal corresponding to the battery port voltage; The wireless communication unit is used to transmit the port voltage display signal to the terminal device wirelessly when it receives the port voltage display signal, so that the terminal device can display the port voltage value of the photovoltaic cell based on the port voltage display signal.

[0009] Optionally, the voltage detection unit includes: a first resistor, wherein the first resistor is a varistor; The first end of the first resistor is connected to the photovoltaic cell through the voltage regulator unit and the voltage divider unit, and the second end of the first resistor is connected to the controller through the comparator unit.

[0010] Optionally, the comparison unit includes: a first comparator; Wherein, the second end of the first resistor is connected to the positive input terminal of the first comparator, the inverting input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the first preset reference power supply, and the output terminal of the first comparator is connected to the controller.

[0011] Optionally, the voltage divider unit includes: a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor; The first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the photovoltaic cell, the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the first resistor, the first end of the fifth resistor and the voltage regulator unit, and the second end of the fifth resistor is grounded.

[0012] Optionally, the voltage regulating unit includes: a first capacitor; The first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the fifth resistor, and the second terminal of the first capacitor is grounded.

[0013] Optionally, the first discharge unit includes: a second resistor and a first switching transistor; The first end of the second resistor is connected to the photovoltaic cell and the DC-DC converter circuit, the second end of the second resistor is connected to the input end of the first switch, the output end of the first switch is grounded, and the control end of the first switch is connected to the controller.

[0014] Optionally, the second discharge unit includes: a third resistor and a second switching transistor; The first end of the third resistor is connected to the photovoltaic cell and the DC-DC converter circuit, the second end of the third resistor is connected to the input end of the second switch, the output end of the second switch is grounded, and the control end of the second switch is connected to the controller.

[0015] In this invention, the controller monitors the photovoltaic cell voltage, battery pack rated voltage, and load operating voltage in real time, enabling flexible switching of power supply modes according to actual needs. This includes simultaneous power supply from the photovoltaic cells and battery pack, or the photovoltaic cells supplying power to the load while simultaneously charging the battery pack, improving the system's adaptability and efficiency. The discharge module, under the controller's command, activates the corresponding discharge channel, effectively suppressing potential voltage surges or overvoltages during power supply mode switching, preventing damage to circuit components, and enhancing system stability and reliability. Precise control of the photovoltaic cell's power supply mode achieves efficient utilization of photovoltaic energy while also managing the battery pack's charge and discharge, extending its lifespan. The coordinated operation of the voltage detection unit and controller enables automated power supply mode switching, reducing manual intervention and operational complexity, making it suitable for various application scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the DC-DC converter circuit for coordinated power supply of photovoltaic cells and battery packs of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the DC-DC converter circuit for coordinated power supply of photovoltaic cells and battery packs of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the DC-DC converter circuit for the coordinated power supply of photovoltaic cells and battery packs according to this utility model.

[0017] Explanation of icon numbers: The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0020] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0021] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application.

[0022] This utility model embodiment provides a DC-DC conversion circuit for coordinated power supply of photovoltaic cells and battery packs, referring to... Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the first embodiment of the DC-DC converter circuit for coordinated power supply of photovoltaic cells and battery packs of this utility model. The DC-DC converter circuit for coordinated power supply of photovoltaic cells and battery packs of this utility model includes: a voltage detection unit 10, a controller 20, a discharge module 30, and a DC-DC converter circuit 40; The voltage detection unit 10 is connected to the photovoltaic cell and the controller 20, the controller 20 is connected to the discharge module 30 and the DC-DC conversion circuit 40, the discharge module 30 is connected to the photovoltaic cell and the DC-DC conversion circuit 40, and the DC-DC conversion circuit 40 is connected to the load and the battery pack. The voltage detection unit 10 is used to detect the battery port voltage of the photovoltaic cell and output the electrical signal corresponding to the battery port voltage to the controller 20; The controller 20 is used to acquire the rated voltage of the battery pack and the operating voltage of the load, and determine the power supply mode of the photovoltaic cell based on the voltage value corresponding to the electrical signal, the rated voltage of the battery pack and the operating voltage of the load; The controller 20 is also used to control the discharge module 30 to conduct the discharge channel of the photovoltaic cell corresponding to the power supply mode, wherein the power supply mode of the photovoltaic cell includes the photovoltaic cell and the battery pack simultaneously supplying power to the load, and the photovoltaic cell supplying power to the load and charging the battery pack. The DC-DC converter circuit 40 is used to switch the photovoltaic cell to the corresponding power supply mode when the discharge module 30 conducts the discharge channel corresponding to the power supply mode of the photovoltaic cell.

[0023] It should be noted that the voltage detection unit 10 is used to collect the port voltage of the photovoltaic cell in real time and convert the voltage signal into an electrical signal (such as an analog voltage signal or a digital signal) and transmit it to the controller 20. This provides the controller 20 with real-time output voltage data of the photovoltaic cell, which serves as a key basis for determining the power supply mode and ensures that the controller 20 can dynamically adjust the system operating mode according to the actual output state of the photovoltaic cell. The controller 20, as the core control unit of the circuit, is responsible for data processing, logical judgment, and command output. Specifically, the controller 20 receives the electrical signal from the voltage detection unit 10, i.e., the photovoltaic cell voltage, and obtains preset parameters such as the rated voltage of the battery pack and the operating voltage of the load. Based on the photovoltaic cell voltage, battery pack status, and load requirements, it determines the current power supply mode to be activated; it sends a signal to the discharge module 30 to conduct the discharge channel of the corresponding power supply mode, and simultaneously sends a switching command to the DC-DC conversion circuit 40 to ensure the accurate execution of the power supply mode; through logical operations and strategy control, it realizes intelligent switching of the power supply mode, avoids manual intervention, and improves the system's automation level.

[0024] The discharge module 30 is used to release excess energy or stabilize voltage of the photovoltaic cells and suppress voltage surges during power supply mode switching by conducting a specific discharge channel. Specifically, when the output voltage of the photovoltaic cells does not match the voltage required by the battery pack or load, excess energy is consumed or transferred through the discharge channel to prevent overvoltage damage to circuit components. According to the controller 20's instructions, it conducts the discharge path corresponding to the current power supply mode, such as parallel discharge during coordinated power supply or voltage divider discharge during charging mode, providing stable voltage conditions for the switching of the DC-DC converter circuit 40. The discharge module 30, as the voltage protection execution unit, ensures a smooth voltage transition during mode switching, improving system reliability. The DC-DC converter circuit 40 is used to realize energy conversion and path switching between the photovoltaic cells, battery pack, and load, and is the core of the system's power transmission. Specifically, the DC-DC converter circuit 40 adjusts the output voltage of the photovoltaic cells to the target value, such as the load operating voltage or battery pack charging voltage, according to the voltage requirements of the load and battery pack, through conversion methods such as boost, buck, or Buck-Boost. After the discharge module 30 activates the corresponding discharge channel, it switches the internal power switch or circuit topology to make the photovoltaic cells operate in the mode specified by the controller 20, such as simultaneously outputting energy to the load and the battery pack, or only supplying power to the load and charging the battery pack. The DC-DC conversion circuit 40 ensures stable power supply to the load and reasonable charging and discharging of the battery pack through efficient energy conversion and mode execution, thereby improving system energy efficiency.

[0025] Furthermore, referring to Figure 2 The DC-DC conversion circuit for co-powering photovoltaic cells and battery packs also includes a comparison unit 50, and the discharge module 30 includes a first discharge unit and a second discharge unit. The comparison unit 50 is connected to the voltage detection unit 10 and the controller 20 respectively; the first discharge unit is connected to the photovoltaic cell and the DC-DC conversion circuit 40 respectively; and the second discharge unit is connected to the photovoltaic cell and the DC-DC conversion circuit 40 respectively. The voltage detection unit 10 is also used to output the electrical signal corresponding to the battery port voltage to the comparison unit 50; The comparison unit 50 is used to output a first electrical signal to the controller 20 when the voltage value corresponding to the electrical signal is greater than a first preset threshold, and to output a second electrical signal to the controller 20 when the voltage value corresponding to the electrical signal is less than or equal to the first preset threshold. The controller 20 is further configured to control the first discharge unit to conduct the first discharge channel of the photovoltaic cell when receiving the first electrical signal, wherein the power supply mode corresponding to the first discharge channel is that the photovoltaic cell supplies power to the load and charges the battery pack. The controller 20 is further configured to, upon receiving the second electrical signal, control the second discharge unit to conduct the second discharge channel of the photovoltaic cell, wherein the power supply mode corresponding to the second discharge channel is that the photovoltaic cell and the battery pack simultaneously supply power to the load.

[0026] It should be noted that the comparison unit 50 compares the electrical signal output by the voltage detection unit 10 to determine the voltage state of the photovoltaic cell. The voltage value of the photovoltaic cell is compared with a preset first threshold: if the voltage value is greater than the first threshold, a first electrical signal is output to the controller 20, indicating that the photovoltaic cell output voltage is high and suitable for supplying power to the load and simultaneously charging the battery pack. If the voltage value is less than or equal to the first threshold, a second electrical signal is output to the controller 20, indicating that the photovoltaic cell output voltage is low and needs to work in conjunction with the battery pack to supply power to the load. As a preliminary judgment unit for mode switching, this simplifies the decision logic of the controller 20 and improves the system response speed. The controller 20 controls the operating state of the discharge module 30 and the DC-DC conversion circuit 40 based on the output signal of the comparison unit 50. It receives the first or second electrical signal from the comparison unit 50 to determine the current power supply mode to be enabled. Upon receiving the first electrical signal, the controller controls the first discharge unit to open the first discharge channel, enabling the photovoltaic cell to supply power to the load and simultaneously charge the battery pack. Upon receiving the second electrical signal, the controller controls the second discharge unit to open the second discharge channel, enabling the photovoltaic cell and battery pack to work together to supply power to the load. A switching command is sent to the DC-DC converter circuit 40 to ensure accurate execution of the power supply mode. As the core control unit of the circuit, it realizes intelligent switching of the power supply mode to ensure stable system operation.

[0027] When the photovoltaic cell output voltage is high, the first discharge unit activates the first discharge channel to release excess energy and stabilize the voltage. After the controller 20 receives the first electrical signal, it activates the first discharge channel to provide voltage buffering for the mode where the photovoltaic cell supplies power to the load and simultaneously charges the battery pack. By consuming or transferring excess electrical energy, it prevents overvoltage damage to circuit components and ensures smooth switching of power supply modes. As a protection unit in high-voltage mode, it improves the safety and reliability of the system. When the photovoltaic cell output voltage is low, the second discharge unit activates the second discharge channel to stabilize the voltage and support the collaborative power supply mode. After the controller 20 receives the second electrical signal, it activates the second discharge channel to provide voltage buffering for the mode where the photovoltaic cell and battery pack collaboratively supply power to the load. By adjusting the discharge path, it ensures voltage matching between the photovoltaic cell and battery pack, avoiding voltage surges. As a protection unit in low-voltage mode, it ensures stable operation of the collaborative power supply mode. The DC-DC conversion circuit 40 realizes energy conversion and path switching between the photovoltaic cell, battery pack, and load. According to the instructions of controller 20, the internal power switch or circuit topology is switched to execute the corresponding power supply mode: when the first discharge channel is on, the energy of the photovoltaic cell is simultaneously transferred to the load and the battery pack to achieve the charging function. When the second discharge channel is on, the energy of the photovoltaic cell and the battery pack are jointly transferred to the load to achieve coordinated power supply. Through conversion methods such as boost, buck, or buck-boost, the voltage is adjusted to the target value required by the load or battery pack. As the core unit of energy transmission, it ensures stable power supply to the load and reasonable charging and discharging of the battery pack, thereby improving system energy efficiency.

[0028] Furthermore, referring to Figure 2 The DC-DC converter circuit for the photovoltaic cell and battery pack to work together to supply power also includes: a voltage divider unit 60 and a voltage regulator unit 70; The voltage divider unit 60 is connected to the photovoltaic cell and the voltage regulator unit 70 respectively, and the voltage regulator unit 70 is connected to the voltage detection unit 10. The voltage divider unit 60 is used to divide the battery port voltage provided by the photovoltaic cell to obtain a voltage divider voltage, and send the voltage divider voltage to the voltage regulator unit 70. The voltage stabilizing unit 70 is used to stabilize the voltage divider and send the stabilized voltage divider to the voltage detection unit 10; The voltage detection unit 10 is also used to adjust the regulated voltage divider to obtain the electrical signal corresponding to the battery port voltage.

[0029] It should be noted that the voltage divider unit 60 divides the port voltage provided by the photovoltaic cell, reducing the voltage value to provide a suitable voltage signal for subsequent circuits. Through a resistor divider network or other voltage divider circuits, the high voltage of the photovoltaic cell is reduced to a lower divided voltage. The divided voltage signal is then transmitted to the voltage regulator unit 70 to prevent high voltage from directly entering subsequent circuits and damaging components. As a voltage preprocessing unit, it ensures that subsequent circuits can safely and stably process the output signal of the photovoltaic cell. The voltage regulator unit 70 regulates the divided voltage output from the voltage divider unit 60, eliminating voltage fluctuations and providing a stable voltage signal. Devices such as Zener diodes, linear regulators, or switching regulators are used to regulate the divided voltage, ensuring the output voltage is stable at the target value. The regulated divided voltage is then transmitted to the voltage detection unit 10, providing a stable input signal for the voltage detection unit 10.

[0030] Furthermore, the DC-DC converter circuit for the coordinated power supply of the photovoltaic cell and the battery pack also includes: a wireless communication unit 80; The wireless communication unit 80 is connected to the controller 20 and the terminal device respectively; The controller 20 is also configured to output a corresponding port voltage display signal to the wireless communication unit 80 according to the electrical signal corresponding to the battery port voltage; The wireless communication unit 80 is used to transmit the port voltage display signal to the terminal device wirelessly when it receives the port voltage display signal, so that the terminal device can display the port voltage value of the photovoltaic cell based on the port voltage display signal.

[0031] It should be noted that the wireless communication unit 80 enables wireless data transmission between the controller 20 and the terminal device, sending the port voltage information of the photovoltaic cells to the terminal device. It receives the port voltage display signal output by the controller 20 and transmits the signal to the terminal device via wireless transmission methods (such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, LoRa, etc.). It supports bidirectional communication, receiving instructions or configuration information from the terminal device and transmitting them to the controller 20 to achieve remote control or parameter adjustment. As a data transmission bridge, it enables remote display and monitoring of the photovoltaic cell port voltage information, improving the system's intelligence level.

[0032] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 The voltage detection unit 10 includes: a first resistor R1, wherein the first resistor R1 is a varistor; The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the photovoltaic cell through the voltage regulator unit 70 and the voltage divider unit 60, and the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the controller 20 through the comparator unit 50.

[0033] It should be noted that the first resistor R1, as the core component of the voltage detection unit 10, is used to sense changes in the port voltage of the photovoltaic cell and convert them into changes in resistance. The resistance of the varistor changes with the applied voltage, reflecting the fluctuations in the photovoltaic cell port voltage in real time. The voltage change is converted into a resistance change, which is then converted into an electrical signal by the circuit, providing voltage detection data to the controller 20 and the comparison unit 50. When the photovoltaic cell port voltage is too high, the resistance of the varistor rapidly decreases, limiting the current and protecting subsequent circuits from high-voltage damage. As a key component of the voltage detection unit 10, it enables real-time sensing and signal conversion of voltage changes, ensuring that the system can accurately obtain the photovoltaic cell port voltage information.

[0034] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 The comparison unit 50 includes: a first comparator A1; Wherein, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the positive input terminal of the first comparator A1, the inverting input terminal of the first comparator A1 is connected to the first preset reference power supply, and the output terminal of the first comparator A1 is connected to the controller 20.

[0035] It should be noted that the first comparator A1 compares the voltage signal output by the varistor with the voltage of the first preset reference power supply and outputs the corresponding control signal to the controller 20. The positive input terminal receives the voltage signal output by the varistor, which is the electrical signal corresponding to the photovoltaic cell port voltage. The negative input terminal receives the voltage of the first preset reference power supply, which is the set threshold voltage. If the voltage at the positive input terminal is greater than the voltage at the negative input terminal, i.e., the photovoltaic cell port voltage is higher than the threshold, a high-level signal, i.e., the first electrical signal, is output to the controller 20. If the voltage at the positive input terminal is less than or equal to the voltage at the negative input terminal, i.e., the photovoltaic cell port voltage is lower than or equal to the threshold, a low-level signal, i.e., the second electrical signal, is output to the controller 20. The comparison result is transmitted to the controller 20 as the basis for power supply mode switching. As a voltage judgment unit, it simplifies the decision logic of the controller 20 and improves the system response speed.

[0036] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 The voltage divider unit 60 includes: a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth resistor R5; The first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the photovoltaic cell, the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the first end of the first resistor R1, the first end of the fifth resistor R5 and the voltage regulator unit 70, and the second end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded.

[0037] It should be noted that the fourth resistor R4, acting as the pull-up resistor of the voltage divider unit 60, together with the fifth resistor R5, forms a resistor voltage divider network to reduce the high voltage of the photovoltaic cell to a voltage value suitable for subsequent circuit processing. Connected in series with the fifth resistor R5, it divides the photovoltaic cell's port voltage according to the resistance ratio, reducing it to a voltage range suitable for the varistor and voltage regulator unit 70. The divided voltage signal is transmitted to the first terminal of the first resistor R1 and the voltage regulator unit 70, ensuring that subsequent circuits can safely and stably process the voltage signal. The fifth resistor R5, acting as the pull-down resistor of the voltage divider unit 60, together with the fourth resistor R4, forms a resistor voltage divider network to reduce the high voltage of the photovoltaic cell to a voltage value suitable for subsequent circuit processing. Connected in series with the fourth resistor R4, it divides the photovoltaic cell's port voltage according to the resistance ratio, reducing it to a voltage range suitable for the varistor and voltage regulator unit 70. The divided voltage signal is grounded to ensure the stability and reliability of the voltage divider circuit.

[0038] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 The voltage regulator unit 70 includes: a first capacitor C1; Wherein, the first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first end of the fifth resistor R5, and the second end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded.

[0039] It should be noted that the first capacitor C1 serves as the filter capacitor in the voltage regulator unit 70, used to stabilize the voltage signal output by the voltage divider unit 60, eliminate voltage fluctuations and noise, and provide a smooth voltage signal for subsequent circuits. Through the charging and discharging characteristics of the capacitor, high-frequency noise and voltage fluctuations in the output signal of the voltage divider unit 60 are filtered out, ensuring a smooth and stable voltage signal. When a momentary fluctuation occurs in the voltage signal, the first capacitor C1 absorbs or releases electrical energy through its charging and discharging action, stabilizing the voltage signal and preventing fluctuations from affecting subsequent circuits. The filtered voltage signal is grounded to ensure the stability of the circuit reference potential. As a key component of the voltage regulator unit 70, it ensures that the voltage signal transmitted to subsequent circuits is stable and smooth, improving the working accuracy and reliability of the voltage detection unit 10 and the comparison unit 50.

[0040] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 The first discharge unit includes: a second resistor R2 and a first switching transistor Q1; The first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the photovoltaic cell and the DC-DC converter circuit 40, the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the input end of the first switch Q1, the output end of the first switch Q1 is grounded, and the control end of the first switch Q1 is connected to the controller 20.

[0041] It should be noted that the second resistor R2 serves as the current-limiting resistor for the first discharge unit, used to limit the magnitude of the discharge current and prevent excessive discharge current from damaging the circuit. When the photovoltaic cell supplies power to the load and charges the battery pack, the first switch Q1 is turned on, and the second resistor R2 limits the magnitude of the discharge current, ensuring that the discharge current is within a safe range and preventing circuit overload or damage. The port voltage signal of the photovoltaic cell is transmitted to the input terminal of the first switch Q1, providing a voltage signal for the discharge unit. As one of the key components of the discharge unit, ensuring that the discharge current is within a safe range protects the circuit from damage caused by excessive current.

[0042] The first switching transistor Q1 serves as the switching element of the first discharge unit, controlling the on / off state of the discharge channel to discharge the photovoltaic cell port voltage. According to the instructions of the controller 20, it turns the discharge channel on or off, controlling the flow of the discharge current. When the first switching transistor Q1 is on, the discharge channel is open, and the photovoltaic cell port voltage is discharged to ground through the second resistor R2 and the first switching transistor Q1, reducing the port voltage. Receiving control signals from the controller 20, it turns the discharge channel on or off according to the control signals, achieving intelligent control of the discharge unit. As the core component of the discharge unit, it realizes intelligent control of the discharge channel, ensuring that the photovoltaic cell port voltage remains within a safe range.

[0043] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 The second discharge unit includes: a third resistor R3 and a second switch Q2; The first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the photovoltaic cell and the DC-DC converter circuit 40, the second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the input end of the second switch Q2, the output end of the second switch Q2 is grounded, and the control end of the second switch Q2 is connected to the controller 20.

[0044] It should be noted that the third resistor R3 serves as the current-limiting resistor for the second bleedering unit, used to limit the magnitude of the bleedering current and prevent excessive bleedering current from damaging the circuit. When the second switch Q2 is turned on, the third resistor R3 limits the magnitude of the bleedering current, ensuring that the bleedering current is within a safe range and preventing circuit overload or damage. The photovoltaic cell's port voltage signal is transmitted to the input terminal of the second switch Q2, providing a voltage signal for the bleedering unit. As one of the key components of the bleedering unit, it ensures that the bleedering current is within a safe range, protecting the circuit from damage caused by excessive current. The second switch Q2, as the switching element of the bleedering unit, is used to control the on / off state of the bleedering channel, realizing the bleedering of the photovoltaic cell's port voltage. According to the instructions of the controller 20, the bleedering channel is turned on or off, controlling the on / off state of the bleedering current. When the second switch Q2 is turned on, the bleedering channel is on, and the photovoltaic cell's port voltage is bleedering to ground through the third resistor R3 and the second switch Q2, reducing the port voltage. The bleedering unit receives control signals from the controller 20 and turns the bleedering channel on or off according to the control signals, realizing intelligent control of the bleedering unit.

[0045] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of this utility model, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A DC-DC converter circuit for coordinated power supply of photovoltaic cells and battery packs, characterized in that, The circuit includes: a voltage detection unit, a controller, a discharge module, and a DC-DC conversion circuit; The voltage detection unit is connected to the photovoltaic cell and the controller, the controller is connected to the discharge module and the DC-DC conversion circuit, the discharge module is connected to the photovoltaic cell and the DC-DC conversion circuit, and the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected to the load and the battery pack. The voltage detection unit is used to detect the battery port voltage of the photovoltaic cell and output the electrical signal corresponding to the battery port voltage to the controller; The controller is used to acquire the rated voltage of the battery pack and the operating voltage of the load, and determine the power supply mode of the photovoltaic cell based on the voltage value corresponding to the electrical signal, the rated voltage of the battery pack, and the operating voltage of the load. The controller is also used to control the discharge module to conduct the discharge channel of the photovoltaic cell corresponding to the power supply mode, wherein the power supply mode of the photovoltaic cell includes the photovoltaic cell and the battery pack simultaneously supplying power to the load, and the photovoltaic cell supplying power to the load and charging the battery pack. The DC-DC converter circuit is used to switch the photovoltaic cell to the corresponding power supply mode when the discharge module conducts the discharge channel corresponding to the power supply mode of the photovoltaic cell.

2. The DC-DC converter circuit for coordinated power supply of photovoltaic cells and battery packs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The DC-DC converter circuit that powers the photovoltaic cells and battery pack together also includes a comparison unit, and the discharge module includes a first discharge unit and a second discharge unit. The comparison unit is connected to the voltage detection unit and the controller respectively; the first discharge unit is connected to the photovoltaic cell and the DC-DC conversion circuit respectively; and the second discharge unit is connected to the photovoltaic cell and the DC-DC conversion circuit respectively. The voltage detection unit is also used to output an electrical signal corresponding to the battery port voltage to the comparison unit; The comparison unit is configured to output a first electrical signal to the controller when the voltage value corresponding to the electrical signal is greater than a first preset threshold, and to output a second electrical signal to the controller when the voltage value corresponding to the electrical signal is less than or equal to the first preset threshold. The controller is further configured to, upon receiving the first electrical signal, control the first discharge unit to conduct the first discharge channel of the photovoltaic cell, wherein the power supply mode corresponding to the first discharge channel is that the photovoltaic cell supplies power to the load and charges the battery pack; The controller is further configured to, upon receiving the second electrical signal, control the second discharge unit to conduct the second discharge channel of the photovoltaic cell, wherein the power supply mode corresponding to the second discharge channel is that the photovoltaic cell and the battery pack simultaneously supply power to the load.

3. The DC-DC converter circuit for coordinated power supply of photovoltaic cells and battery packs as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The DC-DC converter circuit that powers the photovoltaic cells and battery pack together also includes: a voltage divider unit and a voltage regulator unit; The voltage divider unit is connected to both the photovoltaic cell and the voltage regulator unit, and the voltage regulator unit is connected to the voltage detection unit. The voltage divider unit is used to divide the battery port voltage provided by the photovoltaic cell to obtain a divided voltage, and send the divided voltage to the voltage regulator unit; The voltage stabilizing unit is used to stabilize the voltage divider and send the stabilized voltage divider to the voltage detection unit; The voltage detection unit is also used to adjust the regulated voltage divider to obtain the electrical signal corresponding to the battery port voltage.

4. The DC-DC converter circuit for coordinated power supply of photovoltaic cells and battery packs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The DC-DC converter circuit that powers the photovoltaic cells and battery pack together also includes: a wireless communication unit; The wireless communication unit is connected to both the controller and the terminal device. The controller is also configured to output a corresponding port voltage display signal to the wireless communication unit based on the electrical signal corresponding to the battery port voltage; The wireless communication unit is used to transmit the port voltage display signal to the terminal device wirelessly when it receives the port voltage display signal, so that the terminal device can display the port voltage value of the photovoltaic cell based on the port voltage display signal.

5. The DC-DC converter circuit for coordinated power supply of photovoltaic cells and battery packs as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The voltage detection unit includes: a first resistor, wherein the first resistor is a varistor; The first end of the first resistor is connected to the photovoltaic cell through the voltage regulator unit and the voltage divider unit, and the second end of the first resistor is connected to the controller through the comparator unit.

6. The DC-DC converter circuit for coordinated power supply of photovoltaic cells and battery packs as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The comparison unit includes: a first comparator; Wherein, the second end of the first resistor is connected to the positive input terminal of the first comparator, the inverting input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the first preset reference power supply, and the output terminal of the first comparator is connected to the controller.

7. The DC-DC converter circuit for coordinated power supply of photovoltaic cells and battery packs as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The voltage divider unit includes: a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor; The first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the photovoltaic cell, the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the first resistor, the first end of the fifth resistor, and the voltage regulator unit, and the second end of the fifth resistor is grounded.

8. The DC-DC converter circuit for coordinated power supply of photovoltaic cells and battery packs as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The voltage stabilizing unit includes: a first capacitor; The first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the fifth resistor, and the second terminal of the first capacitor is grounded.

9. The DC-DC converter circuit for coordinated power supply of photovoltaic cells and battery packs as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first discharge unit includes: a second resistor and a first switching transistor; The first end of the second resistor is connected to the photovoltaic cell and the DC-DC converter circuit, the second end of the second resistor is connected to the input end of the first switch, the output end of the first switch is grounded, and the control end of the first switch is connected to the controller.

10. The DC-DC converter circuit for coordinated power supply of photovoltaic cells and battery packs as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The second discharge unit includes: a third resistor and a second switching transistor; The first end of the third resistor is connected to the photovoltaic cell and the DC-DC converter circuit, the second end of the third resistor is connected to the input end of the second switch, the output end of the second switch is grounded, and the control end of the second switch is connected to the controller.

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