A dual bus bypass rectifier switching structure

Abstract

The application provides a double bus bypass rectification switching structure, and relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by wind power. The scheme is applied to a hydrogen production by wind power system, and comprises a main bus and a bypass bus arranged in parallel, a tie-in switch connected between the main bus and the bypass bus and used for connecting or isolating the main bus and the bypass bus, a pre-charging current limiting unit comprising a current limiting resistor and a bypass relay connected in parallel, and the two ends of the current limiting resistor being connected with the main bus and the bypass bus respectively, at least one rectification unit, a direct current output end of any rectification unit being connected to the main bus through a first circuit breaker and connected to the bypass bus through a second circuit breaker, and a mechanical interlocking device mechanically coupled with operation mechanisms of the first circuit breaker and the second circuit breaker to control the first circuit breaker and the second circuit breaker to be selectively turned on or simultaneously turned off. The scheme can prevent current impact from occurring when the bus is switched and ensure the safety of switching operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wind power hydrogen production technology, and more specifically, to a dual busbar bypass rectifier switching structure. Background Technology

[0002] In the wave of green electricity to green hydrogen production, utilizing surplus wind power to electrolyze water for hydrogen production has become an important pathway to achieve efficient energy conversion and storage. The core of this technology is the conversion of fluctuating alternating current (AC) generated by wind power into stable direct current (DC) through a high-power rectifier system to supply the electrolyzer. In this process, the power supply structure and operational reliability of the rectifier system directly determine the continuity and efficiency of hydrogen production.

[0003] In the wind power-to-hydrogen sector, to improve capacity and reliability, multiple rectifier units are often connected in parallel to power multiple electrolyzers. However, existing systems generally employ a simple single-bus centralized power supply structure, where the outputs of all rectifier units are directly connected in parallel to a common DC bus. This necessitates a complete system shutdown during maintenance, and the bus itself acts as a single point of failure; its failure will paralyze the entire hydrogen production system. Furthermore, maintenance personnel must operate high-current connections under energized conditions, posing extremely high safety risks. Some existing technologies have attempted to theoretically address these issues by utilizing the dual-bus structure found in the power grid. However, these conventional dual-bus structures lack effective coordinated control and protection mechanisms and often experience current surges during bus switching, severely threatening the safe operation of the rectifier equipment and electrolyzers. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a dual-busbar bypass rectifier switching structure, which can both prevent current surges during busbar switching and ensure the safety of the switching operation.

[0005] This application is implemented as follows: This application provides a dual-bus bypass rectifier switching structure for use in a wind power hydrogen production system, comprising: a main bus and a bypass bus arranged in parallel; a tie switch connected between the main bus and the bypass bus for connecting or isolating the main bus and the bypass bus; a pre-charge current limiting unit including a current limiting resistor and a bypass relay connected in parallel, the two ends of the current limiting resistor being connected to the main bus and the bypass bus respectively; at least one rectifier unit, the DC output terminal of any rectifier unit being connected to the main bus through a first circuit breaker and to the bypass bus through a second circuit breaker; and a mechanical interlocking device mechanically coupled to the operating mechanisms of the first circuit breaker and the second circuit breaker to control the first circuit breaker and the second circuit breaker to selectively connect or simultaneously disconnect.

[0006] In some implementations of this application, a connection monitoring unit is also included; wherein the connection monitoring unit is connected between the main bus and the bypass bus to monitor the voltage difference, current direction and temperature rise status between the main bus and the bypass bus.

[0007] In some implementations of this application, a grounding protection unit is also included; wherein the grounding protection unit includes a first grounding switch connected to the main busbar and a second grounding switch connected to the bypass busbar, and both the first grounding switch and the second grounding switch are also connected to a common grounding busbar.

[0008] In some implementations of this application, the main busbar and the bypass busbar are insulated from each other and fixedly installed in parallel within the busbar trough. The cross-sections of both the main busbar and the bypass busbar are inverted U-shaped and integrally extruded from conductive metal material. The inner wall of the busbar trough is provided with U-shaped insulating guide rails that match the contour of the inverted U-shaped ...

[0009] In some implementations of this application, the main busbar and the bypass busbar are arranged in parallel with their long sides facing each other, forming a heat dissipation duct between them.

[0010] In some implementations of this application, multiple ventilation holes are provided at the bottom of the busbar trunking corresponding to the positions of the main busbar and the bypass busbar.

[0011] In some implementations of this application, the current-limiting resistor is a strip resistor alloy wound into a planar spiral shape and encapsulated in a ceramic housing.

[0012] In some implementations of this application, an overvoltage protection branch consisting of a varistor is connected in parallel across the current-limiting resistor.

[0013] In some implementations of this application, a normally open contact controlled by an auxiliary contact of a tie switch is connected in series in the control circuit of the bypass relay.

[0014] In some implementations of this application, the DC output terminal of any rectifier unit is connected to the first circuit breaker and / or the second circuit breaker using a drawer-type plug-in connector.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects: This application provides a dual-busbar bypass rectifier switching structure. By setting up dual power supply channels for the main busbar and bypass busbar, and introducing a pre-charge current limiting unit to achieve flexible connection between the busbars, switching surges are effectively suppressed. At the same time, the use of a mechanical interlocking device ensures absolute mutual exclusion of the operation of the two circuit breakers, fundamentally eliminating misoperation. This not only prevents current surges during busbar switching but also ensures the safety of the switching operation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a dual-bus bypass rectifier switching structure according to this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a dual-bus bypass rectifier switching structure according to this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a dual-bus bypass rectifier switching structure according to this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dual-busbar bypass rectifier switching structure according to this application, after the main busbar and bypass busbar are installed with the busbar trunking.

[0018] Icons: 10-Main busbar; 20-Bypass busbar; 30-Tie switch; 40-Pre-charge current limiting unit; 50-Rectifier unit; 51-First circuit breaker; 52-Second circuit breaker; 60-Mechanical interlocking device; 70-Tie monitoring unit; 80-First grounding switch; 81-Second grounding switch; 90-Bus trunking. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0020] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] Example: The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the various embodiments and features described below can be combined with each other.

[0022] This application provides a dual-bus bypass rectifier switching structure, which can both prevent current surges during bus switching and ensure the safety of the switching operation.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 1 This dual-bus bypass rectifier switching structure, applied to a wind power hydrogen production system, includes: a main bus 10 and a bypass bus 20 arranged in parallel; a tie switch 30 connected between the main bus 10 and the bypass bus 20 for connecting or isolating the main bus 10 and the bypass bus 20; a pre-charge current limiting unit 40, including a current limiting resistor and a bypass relay connected in parallel, with the two ends of the current limiting resistor connected to the main bus 10 and the bypass bus 20 respectively; at least one rectifier unit 50, the DC output terminal of any rectifier unit 50 being connected to the main bus 10 through a first circuit breaker 51 and to the bypass bus 20 through a second circuit breaker 52; and a mechanical interlocking device 60 mechanically coupled to the operating mechanisms of the first circuit breaker 51 and the second circuit breaker 52 to control the first circuit breaker 51 and the second circuit breaker 52 to selectively connect or simultaneously disconnect.

[0024] It should be noted that existing single-busbar structures have inherent drawbacks such as low system reliability and the need for complete system shutdown for maintenance. While conventional dual-busbar schemes provide redundant paths, they typically lack effective collaborative control and protection mechanisms, and often experience current surges during bus switching, seriously threatening the safe operation of rectifier equipment and electrolytic cells. To address this, in the above embodiments, this application establishes dual power supply channels for the main busbar 10 and bypass busbar 20, and introduces a pre-charge current limiting unit 40 to achieve flexible connection between the busbars, effectively suppressing switching surges. A mechanical interlocking device 60 ensures absolute mutual exclusion of the dual circuit breaker operations, fundamentally eliminating misoperation. This ensures both the prevention of current surges during bus switching and the safety of the switching operation.

[0025] Specifically, the main bus 10 and the bypass bus 20 form a parallel power supply channel. Each rectifier unit 50 is connected to two buses through a first circuit breaker 51 and a second circuit breaker 52, forming a redundant power supply architecture. Therefore, when the main bus 10 needs maintenance, the load can be switched to the bypass bus 20 via the second circuit breaker 52, achieving maintenance without shutdown. Regarding the current surge problem during conventional dual-bus switching, in the above embodiment, pre-charging is achieved through a pre-charging current-limiting unit 40, and parallel connection is completed after unit balancing. This effectively suppresses the surge current generated during closing, avoiding current surges to the rectifier equipment and electrolytic cell, and ensuring a smooth switching process. The principle is that before the tie switch 30 closes, pre-charging between the two buses is completed through a current-limiting resistor to smoothly level the potential difference; then, the bypass relay short-circuit resistor is closed to achieve flexible parallel connection of the buses. In addition, the mechanical interlocking device 60 forces the mutual exclusion operation of the first circuit breaker 51 and the second circuit breaker 52, ensuring that only one circuit breaker can be in the closed state at any time, which can effectively prevent dual power supply short circuit accidents caused by misoperation.

[0026] For example, the mechanical interlocking device 60 may consist of a fixed base plate, an I-shaped slider that can move within its groove, and two operating handles that are respectively linked to the circuit breakers. Thus, when either operating handle is pushed to the closed position, it drives the I-shaped slider to move, causing its physical part to mechanically block the movement path of the other operating handle, thereby forcing the interlocking logic that the two circuit breakers cannot be closed simultaneously.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 2 In some implementations of this application, the dual busbar bypass rectifier switching structure further includes a connection monitoring unit 70; wherein, the connection monitoring unit 70 is connected between the main busbar 10 and the bypass busbar 20, and is used to monitor the voltage difference, current direction and temperature rise status between the main busbar 10 and the bypass busbar 20.

[0028] In the above implementation, the interconnection monitoring unit 70, connected between the main busbar 10 and the bypass busbar 20, can monitor the voltage difference between the two buses, the direction of the current flowing through the interconnection loop, and the temperature rise of key connection points. For example, the interconnection monitoring unit 70 can accurately measure the potential difference between the two buses through a voltage sampling circuit, providing a basis for determining the activation timing of the pre-charge current limiting unit 40; it can detect the magnitude and direction of the current in the interconnection path using a Hall sensor to identify whether abnormal circulating current exists; and it can monitor the temperature rise of the contacts using a temperature sensor to prevent overheating risks caused by increased contact resistance.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 3In some implementations of this application, the dual busbar bypass rectification switching structure further includes a grounding protection unit; wherein, the grounding protection unit includes a first grounding switch 80 connected to the main busbar 10 and a second grounding switch 81 connected to the bypass busbar 20, and both the first grounding switch 80 and the second grounding switch 81 are also connected to a common grounding busbar.

[0030] In the above implementation, the safety of the dual busbar bypass rectifier switching structure can be further improved by introducing a grounding protection unit. The grounding protection unit consists of a first grounding switch 80 and a second grounding switch 81, both connected to a common grounding busbar. This design provides an independent grounding path for each busbar, forming a complete maintenance safety isolation system. When any section of the busbar needs to be de-energized for maintenance, after confirming that the section is completely de-energized, the operator can close the corresponding grounding switch, connecting the busbar to the ground through a low-impedance path. This not only discharges any residual charge on the busbar but also provides a short-circuit discharge path for any accidental energization, improving the safety of the operators.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 4 In some implementations of this application, the main busbar 10 and the bypass busbar 20 are insulated from each other and fixedly installed in parallel within the busbar trough 90. The cross-sections of the main busbar 10 and the bypass busbar 20 are both inverted U-shaped and integrally extruded from conductive metal material. The inner wall of the busbar trough 90 is provided with a U-shaped insulating guide rail that matches the contour of the inverted U-shaped ...

[0032] In the above implementation, the main busbar 10 and the bypass busbar 20 are made of profiles with an inverted U-shaped cross-section, integrally extruded from conductive metal material. This special geometry forms a precise fit with the U-shaped insulating guide rail on the inner wall of the busbar trough 90. The two busbars are fixed parallel to each other within the busbar trough 90 through this snap-fit ​​structure, ensuring both electrical insulation and mechanical stability. It should be noted that the fit between the inverted U-shaped busbar and the U-shaped insulating guide rail can be an interference fit or a flexible snap-fit ​​design, allowing for precise positioning and reliable fixation through sliding during installation. This structure utilizes the interaction between the geometry of the busbar itself and the insulating guide rail to achieve rapid installation without the need for additional fasteners.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 4 In some implementations of this application, the main busbar 10 and the bypass busbar 20 are arranged in parallel with their long sides facing each other, forming a heat dissipation duct between them.

[0034] like Figure 4As shown, the above implementation method specifically optimizes the spatial arrangement of the two busbars, employing a parallel arrangement where the long sides of the cross-sections face each other (here, the long side refers to the bottom edge of the inverted convex shape). This unique arrangement naturally forms a continuous air channel with a specific width between the two busbars, i.e., a heat dissipation duct. Furthermore, the long-side-facing arrangement not only maximizes the effective heat dissipation area of ​​the busbars, but also makes the magnetic field distribution more symmetrical, reducing electromagnetic interference between the busbars and improving power transmission efficiency.

[0035] Furthermore, multiple ventilation holes can be provided at the bottom of the busbar trough 90 corresponding to the positions of the main busbar 10 and the bypass busbar 20. These ventilation holes can be evenly distributed along the busbar direction, forming a complete vertical ventilation system together with the heat dissipation ducts between the busbars, thereby better dissipating heat from the main busbar 10 and the bypass busbar 20.

[0036] In some implementations of this application, the current-limiting resistor is a strip resistor alloy wound into a planar spiral shape and encapsulated in a ceramic housing.

[0037] In the above implementation, the current-limiting resistor is a planar spiral strip, which achieves better current limiting by extending the current path and increasing the heat dissipation surface area. When the pre-charge current passes through, the resistance alloy strip limits the current magnitude through its own resistance characteristics, while converting electrical energy into heat energy. The spiral design allows heat to be evenly distributed across the entire resistor body, and heat is conducted outward through the ceramic shell. The high thermal conductivity and high-temperature resistance of the ceramic material ensure rapid heat dissipation while providing reliable electrical insulation.

[0038] In some implementations of this application, an overvoltage protection branch consisting of a varistor is connected in parallel across the current-limiting resistor.

[0039] In the above implementation, by connecting an overvoltage protection branch composed of a varistor in parallel across the current-limiting resistor, additional voltage clamping protection can be provided for the pre-charge current-limiting unit 40. This adds protection against transient overvoltages to the original resistor-based current-limiting function, forming a two-stage protection mechanism. The varistor has nonlinear volt-ampere characteristics and exhibits high impedance under normal pre-charge voltage, having almost no impact on circuit operation. When an abnormal overvoltage occurs in the system (such as operational overvoltage, lightning surge, etc.), the varistor impedance drops sharply, rapidly dissipating the overvoltage energy and clamping the voltage within a safe range. This response is completed within nanoseconds, effectively protecting the parallel current-limiting resistor and bypass relay from voltage surges.

[0040] In some implementations of this application, a normally open contact controlled by an auxiliary contact of a tie switch 30 is connected in series in the control circuit of the bypass relay.

[0041] In the above implementation, a normally open contact controlled by the auxiliary contact of the tie switch 30 is connected in series in the control circuit of the bypass relay. This ensures that when the tie switch 30 is open, its auxiliary contact remains open, cutting off the power supply path to the bypass relay control circuit. Even if a closing command is issued at this time, the bypass relay cannot operate. Only when the tie switch 30 is fully closed does the auxiliary contact close, providing the prerequisite for the bypass relay to be activated. This design ensures that the system operation must follow the safe sequence of "closing the tie switch 30, then closing the bypass relay."

[0042] In some implementations of this application, the DC output terminal of any rectifier unit 50 is connected to the first circuit breaker 51 and / or the second circuit breaker 52 using a drawer-type plug-in connector.

[0043] It should be noted that the drawer-type plug-in connector consists of a male connector, a female connector, and a guide mechanism. It connects and disconnects circuits through a linear insertion and removal action. Because the drawer-type plug-in connector uses a guide-before-contact design, it effectively avoids arcing that may occur when the rectifier unit 50 is connected. Specifically, when connection is required, the male connector and female connector accurately align along a specific trajectory under the guidance of the guide mechanism, ensuring that the pins and sockets are perfectly aligned. In the fully inserted position, the connector's self-locking mechanism automatically locks, ensuring stable and reliable contact pressure. For disconnection, the mechanical lock must be released first, and then the connector can be pulled out axially to achieve electrical isolation. Throughout this process, the power contacts only switch on and off when fully aligned, effectively avoiding the risk of arcing.

[0044] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this application is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that this application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this application is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this application. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dual-bus bypass rectifier switching structure, characterized in that, Applications include wind power hydrogen production systems, including: Parallel configuration of main bus and bypass bus; A tie switch is connected between the main bus and the bypass bus to connect or isolate the main bus and the bypass bus. The pre-charge current limiting unit includes a current limiting resistor and a bypass relay connected in parallel, wherein the two ends of the current limiting resistor are respectively connected to the main bus and the bypass bus; At least one rectifier unit, wherein the DC output terminal of any rectifier unit is connected to the main bus via a first circuit breaker and to the bypass bus via a second circuit breaker; A mechanical interlocking device is mechanically coupled to the operating mechanisms of the first circuit breaker and the second circuit breaker to control the first circuit breaker and the second circuit breaker to selectively connect or simultaneously disconnect.

2. The dual-bus bypass rectifier switching structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a communication monitoring unit; wherein the communication monitoring unit is connected between the main bus and the bypass bus to monitor the voltage difference, current direction and temperature rise between the main bus and the bypass bus.

3. The dual-bus bypass rectifier switching structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a grounding protection unit; wherein the grounding protection unit includes a first grounding switch connected to the main busbar and a second grounding switch connected to the bypass busbar, and both the first grounding switch and the second grounding switch are also connected to a common grounding busbar.

4. The dual-bus bypass rectifier switching structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main busbar and the bypass busbar are insulated from each other and fixedly installed in parallel within the busbar trough. The cross-sections of the main busbar and the bypass busbar are both inverted U-shaped and integrally extruded from conductive metal material. The inner wall of the busbar trough is provided with a U-shaped insulating guide rail that matches the contour of the inverted U-shape. The main busbar and the bypass busbar are fixed within the busbar trough by the U-shaped insulating guide rail.

5. The dual-bus bypass rectifier switching structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The main busbar and the bypass busbar are arranged in parallel with their long sides facing each other, forming a heat dissipation duct between them.

6. The dual-bus bypass rectifier switching structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the busbar trunking has multiple ventilation holes corresponding to the positions of the main busbar and the bypass busbar.

7. The dual-bus bypass rectifier switching structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current-limiting resistor is a strip-shaped resistance alloy wound into a planar spiral shape and encapsulated in a ceramic shell.

8. The dual-bus bypass rectifier switching structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current-limiting resistor is also connected in parallel with an overvoltage protection branch consisting of a varistor.

9. A dual-bus bypass rectifier switching structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the control circuit of the bypass relay, there is a normally open contact controlled by the auxiliary contact of the tie switch connected in series.

10. A dual-bus bypass rectifier switching structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The DC output terminal of any of the rectifier units is connected to the first circuit breaker and / or the second circuit breaker via a drawer-type plug-in connector.

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