Air type photovoltaic-photothermal integrated assembly

Abstract

The utility model discloses an air type photovoltaic light heat integration assembly, including photovoltaic board, frame and insulation board, the photovoltaic board sets up in the front side of frame, the insulation board sets up in the back of frame, the photovoltaic board with the heat exchange air cavity is formed between the insulation board, frame bottom is provided with the air inlet, the upper portion of frame is provided with the ventilation opening, the bottom of heat exchange air cavity is provided with the spoiler that extends on the heat exchange air cavity width in the inclination, the spoiler evenly has a plurality of ventilation holes, and the spoiler with the photovoltaic board leaves the ventilation gap, the utility model discloses simple structure, good reliability, the system maintenance frequency is less in the use process, and the service life is long, low in cost, and the assembly efficiency is high, and it can provide reliable low-grade air heat source for heating equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a photovoltaic device, specifically an air-type photovoltaic-thermal integrated module. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic-thermal integrated (PVT) modules, as the core component for the synergistic utilization of photovoltaics and solar thermal energy, are widely used in distributed heating, building energy conservation, and other scenarios. Compared to photovoltaic solar panels (PV) devices on the market that simply convert solar radiation into electricity, photovoltaic-thermal integrated (PVT) modules can not only generate electricity but also heat the medium, achieving dual utilization of energy.

[0003] Liquid-cooled PVT modules are a type of integrated photovoltaic-thermal module. They are integrated devices combining photovoltaic cells and liquid collectors. A liquid medium flows through channels on the back of the panel, carrying away the heat generated during cell operation while generating electricity, thus achieving both photovoltaic power generation and solar thermal collection. However, existing liquid-cooled PVT modules have complex structures and high costs due to the presence of these channels, requiring additional investment for maintenance (such as pipe cleaning and leak prevention). Furthermore, the integrated channel structure and the presence of a liquid medium increase the overall weight of the module, placing higher demands on the load-bearing capacity of the mounting brackets. Moreover, in the cold winters of northern my country, using water as the medium can lead to freezing and expansion, potentially damaging the channels, resulting in poor equipment reliability and high maintenance costs. Using antifreeze, on the other hand, increases the cost of the medium and complicates the adaptation of the heat exchange system.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the existing technology for a photovoltaic-thermal integrated module that has high reliability, long service life, and low cost. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide an air-type photovoltaic-thermal integrated module with good reliability, long service life and low cost.

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: an air-type photovoltaic-thermal integrated module, including a photovoltaic panel, a frame, and an insulation board. The photovoltaic panel is disposed on the front side of the frame, and the insulation board is disposed on the rear side of the frame. A heat exchange air cavity is formed between the photovoltaic panel, the insulation board, and the frame. An air inlet is provided at the bottom of the frame, and a vent is provided at the top of the frame. A baffle plate extending along the width of the heat exchange air cavity is inclinedly disposed at the bottom of the heat exchange air cavity. The baffle plate is uniformly formed with multiple ventilation holes, and a ventilation gap is left between the baffle plate and the photovoltaic panel.

[0007] The bottom surface of the frame has a plurality of internal air inlet waist-shaped holes evenly arranged along its length. An adjustment baffle is provided below the bottom surface of the frame, and the adjustment baffle has a plurality of external air inlet waist-shaped holes corresponding to the internal air inlet waist-shaped holes.

[0008] An insect-proof net is provided between the adjusting baffle and the bottom surface of the frame. A sealing strip is provided between the four edges of the insect-proof net and the bottom surface of the frame. The adjusting baffle is connected to the frame by fixing screws.

[0009] The spoiler is connected to the insulation board by screws.

[0010] The upper part of the frame has two ventilation openings, one on the left and one on the right.

[0011] A ventilation duct is installed at the ventilation opening, and an insulation layer is installed on the outer surface of the ventilation duct.

[0012] The upper inner side of the frame is provided with heat dissipation holes, which are located inside the heat exchange air cavity.

[0013] The inner ring of the rear side of the frame is provided with a ring of insulation board mounting grooves. The insulation board is composed of at least two insulation panels, which are arranged side by side from top to bottom in the insulation board mounting grooves. The insulation panels are glued to the insulation board mounting grooves, and the joints of two adjacent insulation panels are glued together. A transverse connecting rib is provided on the rear side of the joints of two adjacent insulation panels. The connecting rib is connected to the insulation panels and the mounting grooves by connecting screws.

[0014] The frame includes a frame body, the outer front end of which is formed with an edge, which forms a photovoltaic panel mounting groove with the front end face of the frame body. The front end face of the frame body is formed with at least two protruding ridges, and the inner rear end of the frame body is formed with a support edge, which forms the insulation board mounting groove with the inner lower end face of the frame body.

[0015] The bottom of the frame is provided with a drain hole for draining water from the heat exchange air chamber.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: the utility model has a simple structure, good reliability, low system maintenance frequency during use, long service life, low cost, and high assembly efficiency. It can provide a reliable low-grade air heat source for heating equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a left view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the photovoltaic panel in the opened state of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a bottom view structural diagram of this utility model; Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure along the AA direction; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the border; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 An enlarged structural diagram of part A; Figure 9 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure along the BB direction; Figure 10 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure along the CC direction.

[0018] In the diagram: 1-ventilation opening; 2-frame; 3-photovoltaic panel; 4-baffle plate; 5-insulation board; 6-connecting rib; 7-sealing strip; 8-adjusting baffle; 9-insect net; 10-sealing rubber ring; 11-heat dissipation hole; 12-photovoltaic module output terminal; 13-cable connector; 14-cable; 15-fixing screw; 16-inner air inlet waist-shaped hole; 17-drainage hole; 18-edge; 19-protruding ridge; 20-support edge; 21-insulation panel; 22-connecting screw; 23-air duct; 24-outer air inlet waist-shaped hole; 25-ventilation hole; 26-heat exchange air cavity; 27-screw; 28-photovoltaic panel mounting groove; 29-insulation board mounting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] like Figure 1-6 As shown, an air-type photovoltaic-thermal integrated module includes a photovoltaic panel 3, a frame 2, and an insulation board 5. The photovoltaic panel 3 is disposed on the front side of the frame 2, and the insulation board 5 is disposed on the rear side of the frame 2. A heat exchange air cavity 26 is formed between the photovoltaic panel 3, the insulation board 5, and the frame 2. An air inlet is provided at the bottom of the frame 2, and a vent 1 is provided at the top of the frame 2. A baffle 4 extending along the width of the heat exchange air cavity 26 is inclinedly disposed at the bottom of the heat exchange air cavity 26. The baffle 4 is uniformly formed with multiple vent holes 25, and a ventilation gap is left between the baffle 4 and the photovoltaic panel 3.

[0021] During operation, vent 1 is connected to an air intake device. Air enters the module through the air inlet, absorbs the heat generated by the photovoltaic panel 3, and is then output through vent 1, providing a reliable low-grade air heat source for the heating equipment.

[0022] In this invention, the photovoltaic panel 3 can be an existing double-glass module, perovskite semi-transparent module, or perovskite crystalline silicon tandem module. This invention uses a glass fiber composite frame 2, which significantly reduces the thermal conductivity. The frame 2 employs a hollow broken bridge structure. The dual structure of the glass fiber composite frame and the hollow broken bridge provides significant thermal bridging, reducing heat conduction loss. The frame 2, combined with weather-resistant structural adhesive, achieves a stable seal for the photovoltaic panel 3. The adhesive layer thickness is 3-5mm, ensuring strong adhesion and reliable sealing, preventing external moisture and dust from entering the module. The insulation board 5 is a double-sided aluminum foil insulation board, 20mm thick. The double-sided aluminum foil insulation board 5 is made of flame-retardant or non-combustible materials, possessing excellent thermal insulation and safety performance. To achieve overall sealing of the insulation structure, the insulation board 5 is bonded and fixed to the frame 2 using weather-resistant adhesive. The baffle 4 can evenly distribute the air entering the module, preventing localized overheating or flare caused by uneven airflow under high-temperature conditions in summer, thus ensuring the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cells and the lifespan of the module. The ventilation holes 25 have a diameter of 6-8mm and a porosity of 30%-40%, which can ensure uniform air distribution while avoiding excessive air intake resistance caused by excessively small hole diameter or low porosity.

[0023] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the bottom surface of the frame 2 has a plurality of internal air inlet waist-shaped holes 16 evenly arranged along its length. Below the bottom surface of the frame 2, an adjusting baffle 8 is provided, with a plurality of external air inlet waist-shaped holes 24 corresponding to the internal air inlet waist-shaped holes 16. These external air inlet waist-shaped holes 24 and the internal air inlet waist-shaped holes 16 serve as the main air intake channels for the component, ensuring smooth airflow into the component. The air intake volume of this invention can be adjusted by sliding and adjusting the overlapping area of ​​the external air inlet waist-shaped holes 24 and the internal air inlet waist-shaped holes 16.

[0024] An insect screen 9 is installed between the adjusting baffle 8 and the bottom surface of the frame 2. A sealing strip 7 is installed between the four edges of the insect screen 9 and the bottom surface of the frame 2. The insect screen 9 effectively filters large particles and flying insects from the air, ensuring the cleanliness of the internal components and reducing maintenance frequency. The mesh size of the insect screen 9 is 1.5-2mm to avoid increasing airflow resistance due to excessively small mesh sizes. The adjusting baffle 8 is connected to the frame 2 by fixing screws 15. Figure 6 As shown, the spoiler 4 is connected to the insulation plate 5 by screws 27.

[0025] like Figure 1-5As shown, two ventilation openings 1 are provided on the upper part of the frame 2. Air ducts 23 are installed at the ventilation openings 1, and an insulation layer is provided on the outer surface of the air ducts 23. The frame 2 and the two air ducts 23 are bonded and fixed using weather-resistant structural adhesive. The weather-resistant structural adhesive has excellent high and low temperature resistance and aging resistance, ensuring a long-term stable connection between the frame 2 and the air ducts 23 in complex outdoor environments, while also improving the sealing performance of the connection and reducing heat leakage. The insulation layer is a flexible rubber-plastic insulation layer, which has excellent thermal insulation performance and good flexibility, allowing it to tightly adhere to the surface of the air ducts 23 and the pipes, ensuring the insulation and sealing effect at the connection between the air ducts 23 and the pipes, and reducing heat loss.

[0026] See Figure 9 The upper inner side of the frame 2 is provided with heat dissipation holes 11, which are located inside the heat exchange air cavity 26, forming a hot air convection channel inside the inner cavity of the frame 2. This guides the hot air inside the inner cavity of the frame 2 to convect upwards and dissipate heat, further optimizing the thermal management effect of the component. To ensure the efficiency of hot air convection, two heat dissipation holes 11 with a diameter of 8-12mm are provided on the inner side of the frame 2 to ensure that the hot air inside the inner cavity of the frame 2 can be dissipated quickly and evenly.

[0027] like Figure 2 , Figure 10 As shown, the inner ring of the rear side of the frame 2 is provided with an insulation board mounting groove 29. The insulation board 5 is composed of at least two insulation panels 21, which are arranged side by side from top to bottom in the insulation board mounting groove 29. The insulation panels 21 are glued to the insulation board mounting groove 29, and the joints of two adjacent insulation panels 21 are glued together. A transverse connecting rib 6 is provided on the rear side of the joints of two adjacent insulation panels 21. The connecting rib 6 is connected to the insulation panel 21 and the mounting groove by connecting screws 22, which further improves the installation stability and sealing integrity of the insulation board 5. The connecting rib 6 is tightly sealed to the insulation board 5 with weather-resistant adhesive, realizing the dual fixation of the insulation board 5 and the frame 2 by "weather-resistant adhesive bonding + connecting screws 22", and at the same time making the connecting rib 6 and the insulation board 5 form a sealed whole.

[0028] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the frame 2 includes a frame 2 body. The outer front end of the frame 2 body is formed with an edge 18, which forms a photovoltaic panel mounting groove 28 with the front end face of the frame 2 body. The front end face of the frame 2 body is formed with at least two protruding ridges 19 (1-2mm high) to ensure better sealing between the photovoltaic panel 3 and the frame 2. The inner rear end of the frame 2 body is formed with a support edge 20, which forms an insulation board mounting groove 29 with the inner lower end face of the frame 2 body to prevent the insulation board 5 from shifting or loosening during installation or use.

[0029] The bottom of the frame 2 is provided with a drain hole 17 for draining water from the heat exchange air chamber 26 to prevent water vapor from accumulating and forming internal water.

[0030] The photovoltaic module's output terminal 12 is connected to a cable connector 13 via a cable 14. The cable connector 13 is located on the outside of the frame 2. The cable 14 extends outward through the frame 2, and a sealing rubber ring 10 is provided between the cable 14 and the frame 2. The rubber sealing ring can both seal the cable 14 and the hole wall to prevent external moisture and dust from entering the module, and also buffer and protect the cable 14 to prevent the cable 14 from being worn by the hole wall.

[0031] In operation, multiple air-source photovoltaic (PV) and solar thermal integrated modules are arranged, and the air ducts 23 of adjacent air-source PV and solar thermal integrated modules are connected by pipe fittings to form an array. The left side air duct 23 of the leftmost air-source PV and solar thermal integrated module in the array is sealed with a plug. According to the overall ventilation requirements of the array, the position of the regulating baffle 8 is adjusted to change the air intake of each air-source PV and solar thermal integrated module. The air intake of each module is detected by an anemometer. After the air intake of all modules reaches balance, the fixing screws 15 are tightened to lock the regulating baffle 8 in place. All modules are air-intake from the bottom, and the right side air duct 23 of the rightmost air-source PV and solar thermal integrated module is connected to external heating equipment (such as an air source heat pump evaporator) to form a complete heat recovery system.

[0032] During winter when there is sunshine, the waste heat generated during the photovoltaic panel's power generation process heats the air inside the module. The hot air is then transported to external heating equipment under pressure difference, providing a low-grade pure air heat source for the heating equipment and improving its COP value. During the high temperatures of summer, an additional induced draft device can accelerate the airflow inside the module, enabling rapid heat dissipation and preventing localized overheating.

[0033] Actual testing showed that under standard operating conditions (solar irradiance 1000W / m², ambient temperature 25℃), the thermal efficiency of this invention can reach 58%-65%, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency remains at 17.5%-18.2%. Under winter low-temperature conditions of -30℃, the heat loss rate of the module is ≤8%, and the heat preservation effect is excellent. Under summer high-temperature conditions of 60℃, the maximum internal temperature deviation of the module is ≤4℃, with no local overheating or flare phenomena. When the array is running, the air intake deviation of each module is ≤5%, and the air intake balance effect is good.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of this utility model do not depart from the essence and scope of the technical solution of this utility model.

Claims

1. An air-type photovoltaic-thermal integrated module, comprising a photovoltaic panel, characterized in that: It also includes a frame and an insulation board. The photovoltaic panel is disposed on the front side of the frame, and the insulation board is disposed on the rear side of the frame. A heat exchange air cavity is formed between the photovoltaic panel, the insulation board, and the frame. An air inlet is provided at the bottom of the frame, and a vent is provided at the top of the frame. A baffle plate extending along the width of the heat exchange air cavity is inclinedly disposed at the bottom of the heat exchange air cavity. The baffle plate is uniformly formed with multiple vent holes, and a ventilation gap is left between the baffle plate and the photovoltaic panel.

2. The air-type photovoltaic-thermal integrated module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the frame has a plurality of internal air inlet waist-shaped holes evenly arranged along its length. An adjustment baffle is provided below the bottom surface of the frame, and the adjustment baffle has a plurality of external air inlet waist-shaped holes corresponding to the internal air inlet waist-shaped holes.

3. The air-type photovoltaic-thermal integrated module according to claim 2, characterized in that: An insect-proof net is provided between the adjusting baffle and the bottom surface of the frame. A sealing strip is provided between the four edges of the insect-proof net and the bottom surface of the frame. The adjusting baffle is connected to the frame by fixing screws.

4. The air-type photovoltaic-thermal integrated module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spoiler is connected to the insulation board by screws.

5. The air-type photovoltaic-thermal integrated module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the frame has two ventilation openings, one on the left and one on the right.

6. The air-type photovoltaic-thermal integrated module according to claim 5, characterized in that: A ventilation duct is installed at the ventilation opening, and an insulation layer is installed on the outer surface of the ventilation duct.

7. The air-type photovoltaic-thermal integrated module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper inner side of the frame is provided with heat dissipation holes, which are located inside the heat exchange air cavity.

8. The air-type photovoltaic-thermal integrated module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner ring of the rear side of the frame is provided with a ring of insulation board mounting grooves. The insulation board is composed of at least two insulation panels, which are arranged side by side from top to bottom in the insulation board mounting grooves. The insulation panels are glued to the insulation board mounting grooves, and the joints of two adjacent insulation panels are glued together. A transverse connecting rib is provided on the rear side of the joints of two adjacent insulation panels. The connecting rib is connected to the insulation panels and the mounting grooves by connecting screws.

9. The air-type photovoltaic-thermal integrated module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The frame includes a frame body, the outer front end of which is formed with an edge, which forms a photovoltaic panel mounting groove with the front end face of the frame body. The front end face of the frame body is formed with at least two protruding ridges, and the inner rear end of the frame body is formed with a support edge, which forms the insulation board mounting groove with the inner lower end face of the frame body.

10. The air-type photovoltaic-thermal integrated module according to claim 9, characterized in that: The bottom of the frame is provided with a drain hole for draining water from the heat exchange air chamber.

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