Photovoltaic panel angle automatic adjusting device

Abstract

The utility model relates to photovoltaic panel angle adjusting technical field, concretely is a kind of photovoltaic panel angle automatic regulating device, including mounting seat and installation frame, and the photovoltaic panel of fixed embedding in installation frame, be equipped with angle adjusting mechanism for adjusting the angle of photovoltaic panel on mounting seat, angle adjusting mechanism includes the adjusting column of rotation installation on mounting seat, and installation frame is connected with adjusting column rotation by mounting rod to realize the pitch angle adjustment of photovoltaic panel, adjusting column is equipped with the lock mechanism, and the lock mechanism includes two groups of symmetrical lock wheel on the sleeve of mounting rod. Through the design containing lock wheel, locking claw, torsional spring and the gear rack unlocking mechanism of gear controlled by solenoid's lock system, the rigid locking of photovoltaic panel in working position and controllable release in the adjusting process are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic panel angle adjustment technology, specifically to an automatic photovoltaic panel angle adjustment device. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation technology directly converts solar energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor materials. It has become one of the fastest-growing renewable energy technologies in the world today. Photovoltaic panels are the core components of photovoltaic power generation systems, and their power generation efficiency is directly related to the energy output and economic benefits of the entire system. However, the solar altitude angle and azimuth angle change dynamically with the seasons and time. Fixed photovoltaic panels cannot always maintain the optimal angle with sunlight, which leads to a significant reduction in photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0003] To address the problem of low photoelectric conversion efficiency, existing technologies often introduce electrically operated telescopic devices to adjust the angle of photovoltaic panels via remote control. For example, patent CN218526277U discloses an angle adjustment device for photovoltaic panels, which uses a three-way adjustment drive to move the connecting frame in three directions, enabling simultaneous adjustment of the angles of multiple photovoltaic panels over a wide range. However, in actual use, the connection nodes of the support structure of such devices are spherically shaped, and the control structure is located at the top center of the photovoltaic panel. In windy weather, the photovoltaic panel only has two connection points, which can easily lead to large stress on the support structure, causing wear and aging, and may even cause the photovoltaic panel to be lifted upwards, affecting safety. Furthermore, although some automatic adjustment devices can achieve angle adjustment, they mostly use single-degree-of-freedom adjustment, which is difficult to accurately cope with complex changes in sunlight and lacks an effective wind protection mechanism, resulting in insufficient stability in severe weather. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic photovoltaic panel angle adjustment device.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an automatic photovoltaic panel angle adjustment device, comprising a mounting base and a mounting frame, and a photovoltaic panel fixedly embedded in the mounting frame. The mounting base is provided with an angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel. The angle adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment column rotatably mounted on the mounting base. The mounting frame is rotatably connected to the adjustment column via a mounting rod to realize the pitch angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel. The adjustment column is provided with a locking mechanism. A controller for controlling the operation of the entire device is fixedly mounted on the mounting base. The locking mechanism includes two sets of locking wheels symmetrically sleeved on the mounting rod. The adjusting column has two sets of locking claws corresponding to the locking wheels. The two sets of locking claws are respectively engaged with the corresponding locking wheels to achieve bidirectional locking. Both sets of locking claws are rotatably connected to the adjusting column through a rotating rod. Both sets of locking claws are sleeved with torsion springs, and the two ends of the torsion springs are respectively fixedly connected to the locking claws and the adjusting column to provide normally closed locking force.

[0006] Preferably, gears are sleeved on both sets of rotating rods, and two sets of racks meshing with the gears are slidably installed in the adjusting column. The two sets of racks are fixedly connected by a slide to achieve synchronous movement, and a metal block is fixedly installed on the slide. A fixing frame corresponding to the metal block is fixedly installed in the adjusting column, and a solenoid is fixedly installed on the fixing frame. A power supply device is fixedly installed below the fixing frame. The solenoid is electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the power supply device to generate a magnetic force to attract the metal block when energized. A sliding rod is fixedly installed in the adjusting column.

[0007] Preferably, the slide is slidably connected to the slide rod to maintain motion stability, and two sets of symmetrically distributed springs are sleeved on the slide rod, with the two ends of the two sets of springs respectively fixedly connected to the slide and the adjusting column.

[0008] Preferably, the angle adjustment mechanism further includes an adjustment rod rotatably mounted inside an adjustment column, a first worm gear sleeved on the adjustment column, a first worm rotatably mounted inside the mounting base to achieve horizontal rotation of the adjustment rod, a second worm gear sleeved on the adjustment rod, and a second worm rotatably mounted inside the adjustment column to achieve pitch angle adjustment. An angle sensor corresponding to the first and second worms is fixedly mounted on both the mounting base and the adjustment column, and a motor corresponding to the first and second worms is fixedly mounted inside both the mounting base and the adjustment column. A second bevel gear is sleeved on the mounting rod.

[0009] Preferably, the two ends of the first worm and the second worm are respectively connected to the corresponding angle sensor and the output shaft of the motor via couplings to ensure power transmission accuracy, and the first worm is meshed with the first worm wheel, and the second worm is meshed with the second worm wheel.

[0010] Preferably, a first bevel gear is sleeved on the adjusting rod, the adjusting rod and the mounting rod are perpendicularly distributed, and the first bevel gear is meshed with a second bevel gear.

[0011] Preferably, four sets of light shields arranged in a cross shape are fixedly installed on the mounting frame. A photoresistor is fixedly installed inside each of the four light shields. The controller is electrically connected to the angle sensor, the motor and the photoresistor respectively, and is used to receive the angle signal detected by the angle sensor and the light intensity signal detected by the photoresistor, and to control the start, stop and direction of the motor.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides an automatic photovoltaic panel angle adjustment device, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) By designing a locking system including locking wheel, locking claw, torsion spring and gear rack unlocking mechanism controlled by solenoid, the rigid locking of photovoltaic panel in working position and controllable release during adjustment process are realized. The locking mechanism relies on torsion spring to achieve normal closed locking in the power-off state, effectively resisting external force impact such as wind load, preventing photovoltaic panel from being overturned or shaken, greatly enhancing the stability and safety of the device in severe weather. At the same time, the symmetrical layout of double locking claws realizes bidirectional locking, avoiding the problems of stress concentration and easy wear and aging of traditional ball joints, and extending the service life of the device. (2) By setting up a multi-degree-of-freedom angle adjustment mechanism consisting of an adjustment column, a mounting rod, a worm gear transmission group and a bevel gear pair, and combining it with a cross-shaped photoresistor group and the controller to work together, the photovoltaic panel can be precisely linked and adjusted in the horizontal and pitch directions. It can automatically calculate and track the best light-collecting angle according to the real-time light intensity difference, which significantly improves the energy conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic system. The structure adopts a worm gear transmission with self-locking characteristics, and the adjustment process is stable and reliable, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional single-degree-of-freedom adjustment devices that are difficult to cope with complex light changes. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the angle adjustment mechanism of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the locking mechanism of this utility model; Figure 4 This utility model Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the diagram; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the adjusting column of this utility model.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Mounting base; 2. Mounting frame; 3. Photovoltaic panel; 4. Controller; 5. Angle sensor; 6. Angle adjustment mechanism; 601. Adjustment column; 602. First worm gear; 603. First worm; 604. Motor; 605. Adjustment rod; 606. Second worm gear; 607. Second worm; 608. First bevel gear; 609. Second bevel gear; 610. Sunshade; 611. Photoresistor; 7. Mounting rod; 8. Locking mechanism; 801. Locking wheel; 802. Locking pawl; 803. Rotating rod; 804. Torsion spring; 805. Gear; 806. Rack; 807. Slide; 808. Metal block; 809. Fixing frame; 810. Solenoid; 811. Power supply device; 9. Slide rod; 10. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] like Figure 1-5As shown, an automatic photovoltaic panel angle adjustment device includes a mounting base 1 and a mounting frame 2, and a photovoltaic panel 3 fixedly embedded in the mounting frame 2. The mounting base 1 is provided with an angle adjustment mechanism 6 for adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel 3. The angle adjustment mechanism 6 includes an adjustment column 601 rotatably mounted on the mounting base 1. The mounting frame 2 is rotatably connected to the adjustment column 601 through a mounting rod 7 to realize the pitch angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 3. The adjustment column 601 is provided with a locking mechanism 8. A controller 4 for controlling the operation of the entire device is fixedly mounted on the mounting base 1. The locking mechanism 8 includes two sets of locking wheels 801 symmetrically sleeved on the mounting rod 7. The adjustment column 601 is provided with two sets of locking claws 802 corresponding to the locking wheels 801. The two sets of locking claws 802 respectively engage with the corresponding locking wheels 801 to realize bidirectional locking. Both sets of locking claws 802 are connected to the adjustment column 801 through a rotating rod 803. The column 601 is rotatably connected, and torsion springs 804 are sleeved on both sets of locking claws 802. The two ends of the torsion springs 804 are fixedly connected to the locking claws 802 and the adjusting column 601 respectively to provide normally closed locking force. By designing a locking system including locking wheel 801, locking claws 802, torsion springs 804 and gear 805 and rack 806 unlocking mechanism controlled by solenoid 810, rigid locking of photovoltaic panel 3 in working position and controllable release during adjustment are realized. In the absence of power, the locking mechanism 8 relies on torsion springs 804 to achieve normally closed locking, effectively resisting external force impacts such as wind load, preventing photovoltaic panel 3 from being overturned or shaken, and greatly enhancing the stability and safety of the device in severe weather. At the same time, the symmetrical layout of the double locking claws 802 realizes bidirectional locking, avoiding the problems of stress concentration and easy wear and aging of traditional ball joints, and extending the service life of the device.

[0017] In this embodiment, reference Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, gears 805 are sleeved on both sets of rotating rods 803. Two sets of racks 806, which mesh with the gears 805, are slidably installed inside the adjusting column 601. The two sets of racks 806 are fixedly connected by a slide 807 to achieve synchronous movement. A metal block 808 is fixedly installed on the slide 807. A fixing frame 809, corresponding to the metal block 808, is fixedly installed inside the adjusting column 601. A solenoid 810 is fixedly installed on the fixing frame 809. A power supply device 811 is fixedly installed below the fixing frame 809. The positive and negative poles of the solenoid 810 and the power supply device 811 are electrically connected to generate a magnetic force to attract the metal block 808 when energized. A slide rod 9 is fixedly installed inside the adjusting column 601. The slide 807 and the slide rod 9... The sliding sleeve maintains motion stability, and two sets of symmetrically distributed springs 10 are sleeved on the slide rod 9. The two ends of the two sets of springs 10 are fixedly connected to the slide 807 and the adjusting column 601, respectively. When the angle of the photovoltaic panel 3 needs to be adjusted, the controller 4 energizes the solenoid 810, which generates a magnetic force to attract the metal block 808 on the slide 807 to move. Through the transmission of the rack 806 and gear 805, the two locking claws 802 are forced to overcome the force of the torsion spring 804 and disengage from the locking wheel 801, thus releasing the lock. After the adjustment is completed, the controller 4 cuts off the power supply to the solenoid 810. Under the action of the torsion spring 804, the locking claws 802 re-engage with the locking wheel 801, firmly locking the photovoltaic panel 3 in the new working position, effectively resisting external interference such as wind load.

[0018] In this embodiment, reference Figure 2 , Figure 5As shown, the angle adjustment mechanism 6 also includes an adjustment rod 605 rotatably mounted inside the adjustment column 601. A first worm gear 602 is sleeved on the adjustment column 601. A first worm 603 is rotatably mounted inside the mounting base 1 to achieve horizontal rotation of the adjustment rod 605. A second worm gear 606 is sleeved on the adjustment rod 605. A second worm 607 is rotatably mounted inside the adjustment column 601 to achieve pitch angle adjustment. Angle sensors 5, corresponding to the first worm 603 and the second worm 607, are fixedly mounted on both the mounting base 1 and the adjustment column 601. Motors 604, corresponding to the first worm 603 and the second worm 607, are fixedly mounted inside both the mounting base 1 and the adjustment column 601. A second bevel gear 609 is sleeved on the mounting rod 7. The two ends of the first worm 603 and the second worm 607 are respectively connected to the corresponding angle sensors 5 and the output shaft of the motor 604 via couplings to ensure... To ensure power transmission accuracy, the first worm 603 is meshed with the first worm wheel 602, and the second worm 607 is meshed with the second worm wheel 606. The first bevel gear 608 is sleeved on the adjusting rod 605. The adjusting rod 605 and the mounting rod 7 are perpendicularly distributed, and the first bevel gear 608 is meshed with the second bevel gear 609. Four sets of light shields 610 arranged in a cross pattern are fixedly installed on the mounting frame 2. A photoresistor 611 is fixedly installed inside each of the four sets of light shields 610. The controller 4 is electrically connected to the angle sensor 5, the motor 604 and the photoresistor 611 respectively. It is used to receive the angle signal detected by the angle sensor 5 and the light intensity signal detected by the photoresistor 611, and to control the start, stop and direction of the motor 604. The photoresistors 611 installed in the light shields 610 at the four corners of the photovoltaic panel 3 detect the light intensity in different directions in real time and transmit the signal to the controller 4. The controller 4 processes this illumination data through an algorithm, calculates the horizontal rotation angle and pitch angle that enable the photovoltaic panel 3 to obtain the maximum illumination efficiency at the current moment, and generates corresponding control commands. (The algorithm principle of the controller 4 in processing illumination data and calculating the optimal angle is existing technology. For reference, the authorized patent CN105610385B discloses a photovoltaic power generation device that automatically adjusts the angle of light reception. This patent elaborates on a control method that determines the direction of light incidence and calculates the optimal adjustment angle of the photovoltaic panel by analyzing the signal strength differences of multiple photoresistors arranged on the surface of a sphere.)This application employs a similar light intensity signal processing and angle calculation principle to the prior art. Specifically, it determines the main direction of illumination by comparing the light intensity differences detected by four sets of cross-shaped photoresistors 611. Then, combined with the feedback signal from the angle sensor 5, it drives the motor 604 to make the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic panel 3 more perpendicular to the sunlight. The controller 4 drives the motor 604 within the mounting base 1 to rotate the adjusting column 601 horizontally via the meshing of the first worm gear 603 and the first worm wheel 602. Simultaneously, the controller 4 drives another motor 604 within the adjusting column 601, which, through the meshing of the second worm gear 607 and the second worm wheel 606, rotates the adjusting rod 605. The first bevel gear 608 on the adjusting rod 605 transmits power to the second bevel gear 609 on the mounting rod 7, thereby driving the mounting rod 7 and the photovoltaic panel 3 hinged to it to adjust the pitch angle. Throughout the adjustment process, the angle sensor 5 monitors the rotation angle in real time and feeds it back to the controller 4, achieving precise closed-loop position control.

[0019] In this embodiment, during operation, photoresistors 611 installed in the light-shielding covers 610 at the four corners of the photovoltaic panel 3 detect the light intensity from different directions in real time and transmit the signals to the controller 4. The controller 4 processes this light data through an algorithm, calculates the horizontal rotation angle and pitch angle that maximize the light efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 3 at the current moment, and generates corresponding control commands. On one hand, the controller 4 drives the motor 604 in the mounting base 1 to rotate, which drives the adjusting column 601 to rotate horizontally through the meshing of the first worm 603 and the first worm wheel 602. On the other hand, the controller 4 simultaneously drives another motor 604 in the adjusting column 601, which drives the adjusting rod 605 to rotate through the meshing of the second worm 607 and the second worm wheel 606. The first bevel gear 608 on the adjusting rod 605 transmits power to the second bevel gear 609 on the mounting rod 7, thereby driving the mounting rod 7 and its hinge. The photovoltaic panel 3 completes the pitch angle adjustment. During the entire adjustment process, the angle sensor 5 monitors the rotation angle in real time and feeds it back to the controller 4 to achieve precise closed-loop control of the position. When the angle of the photovoltaic panel 3 needs to be adjusted, the controller 4 energizes the solenoid 810, which generates a magnetic force to attract the metal block 808 on the slide 807 to move. Through the transmission of the rack 806 and gear 805, the two locking claws 802 are forced to overcome the force of the torsion spring 804 and disengage from the locking wheel 801, thus releasing the lock. After the adjustment is completed, the controller 4 cuts off the power to the solenoid 810. Under the action of the torsion spring 804, the locking claws 802 re-engage with the locking wheel 801, firmly locking the photovoltaic panel 3 in the new working position and effectively resisting external interference such as wind load.

[0020] The control method of this utility model is automatic control through a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented by simple programming by those skilled in the art. The power supply is also common knowledge in the field. Since this utility model is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, the control method and circuit connection will not be explained in detail.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, the terms "first," "second," "another," and "yet another" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of embodiments of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0022] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0023] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic panel angle automatic adjustment device, comprising a mounting base (1) and a mounting frame (2), and a photovoltaic panel (3) fixedly embedded in the mounting frame (2), characterized in that: The mounting base (1) is provided with an angle adjustment mechanism (6) for adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel (3). The angle adjustment mechanism (6) includes an adjustment column (601) rotatably mounted on the mounting base (1). The mounting frame (2) is rotatably connected to the adjustment column (601) through the mounting rod (7) to realize the pitch angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel (3). The adjustment column (601) is provided with a locking mechanism (8). The mounting base (1) is fixedly mounted with a controller (4) for controlling the operation of the entire device. The locking mechanism (8) includes two sets of locking wheels (801) symmetrically sleeved on the mounting rod (7). The adjusting column (601) is provided with two sets of locking claws (802) corresponding to the locking wheels (801). The two sets of locking claws (802) are respectively engaged with the corresponding locking wheels (801) to achieve bidirectional locking. The two sets of locking claws (802) are rotatably connected to the adjusting column (601) through the rotating rod (803). The two sets of locking claws (802) are each sleeved with a torsion spring (804), and the two ends of the torsion spring (804) are respectively fixedly connected to the locking claws (802) and the adjusting column (601) to provide normally closed locking force.

2. The photovoltaic panel angle automatic adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Gears (805) are sleeved on both sets of rotating rods (803). Two sets of racks (806) that mesh with the gears (805) are slidably installed in the adjusting column (601). The two sets of racks (806) are fixedly connected by a slide (807) to achieve synchronous movement. A metal block (808) is fixedly installed on the slide (807). A fixed frame (809) corresponding to the metal block (808) is fixedly installed in the adjusting column (601). A solenoid (810) is fixedly installed on the fixed frame (809). A power supply device (811) is fixedly installed below the fixed frame (809). The positive and negative poles of the solenoid (810) and the power supply device (811) are electrically connected to generate a magnetic force to attract the metal block (808) when energized. A slide rod (9) is fixedly installed in the adjusting column (601).

3. The photovoltaic panel angle automatic adjustment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slide (807) is slidably sleeved with the slide rod (9) to maintain motion stability, and two sets of symmetrically distributed springs (10) are sleeved on the slide rod (9). The two ends of the two sets of springs (10) are fixedly connected to the slide (807) and the adjusting column (601) respectively.

4. The photovoltaic panel angle automatic adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle adjustment mechanism (6) further includes an adjustment rod (605) rotatably installed in the adjustment column (601), a first worm gear (602) sleeved on the adjustment column (601), a first worm (603) rotatably installed in the mounting base (1) to realize horizontal rotation of the adjustment rod (605), a second worm gear (606) sleeved on the adjustment rod (605), a second worm (607) rotatably installed in the adjustment column (601) to realize pitch angle adjustment, angle sensors (5) corresponding to the first worm (603) and the second worm (607) are fixedly installed on both the mounting base (1) and the adjustment column (601), and motors (604) corresponding to the first worm (603) and the second worm (607) are fixedly installed in both the mounting base (1) and the adjustment column (601), and a second bevel gear (609) sleeved on the mounting rod (7).

5. The photovoltaic panel angle automatic adjustment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first worm (603) and the second worm (607) are connected to the output shafts of the corresponding angle sensor (5) and motor (604) respectively through couplings to ensure power transmission accuracy. The first worm (603) is meshed with the first worm wheel (602), and the second worm (607) is meshed with the second worm wheel (606).

6. The photovoltaic panel angle automatic adjustment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjusting rod (605) is fitted with a first bevel gear (608), the adjusting rod (605) and the mounting rod (7) are perpendicularly distributed, and the first bevel gear (608) is meshed with the second bevel gear (609).

7. The photovoltaic panel angle automatic adjustment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Four sets of light shields (610) arranged in a cross shape are fixedly installed on the mounting frame (2). A photoresistor (611) is fixedly installed inside each of the four sets of light shields (610). The controller (4) is electrically connected to the angle sensor (5), the motor (604) and the photoresistor (611) respectively. It is used to receive the angle signal detected by the angle sensor (5) and the light intensity signal detected by the photoresistor (611), and to control the start, stop and direction of the motor (604).

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