Gear shifter backlight control circuit and vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a gear shifter backlight control circuit and a vehicle, relates to the technical field of gear shifter backlight, and the gear shifter backlight control circuit comprises a on-off signal access end, a first switch, a second switch and a third switch, the controlled end of the first switch is electrically connected with the on-off signal access end, the first end of the first switch is electrically connected with a power supply, and the second end of the first switch is grounded; the controlled end of the second switch is electrically connected with the first end of the first switch, the first end of the second switch is grounded, and the second end of the second switch is used for connecting a first backlight circuit; the controlled end of the third switch is electrically connected with the on-off signal access end, the first end of the third switch is grounded, and the second end of the third switch is used for connecting a second backlight circuit; when the first switch is closed, the second switch is opened, and the third switch is closed; when the first switch is opened, the second switch is closed, and the third switch is opened. The three switches are used for realizing the mutual exclusion of the backlight lamp and the indicator lamp, and the procurement cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of gear shifter backlight control circuit technology, and in particular to a gear shifter backlight control circuit and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The electronic shifter uses electronic control to achieve automatic gear shifting. The electronic shifter replaces the traditional mechanical structure with electronic signal control, making the shifting action lighter, the response speed faster, the size smaller and the layout more flexible, and saving interior space.

[0003] To facilitate user observation of gear positions, each gear on an electronic gear shifter is equipped with a backlight and an indicator light. The indicator light shows the current gear, while the backlight illuminates the icons for other gears. In related technologies, the indicator light and backlight are typically controlled by a lighting control chip, which results in relatively high production costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a gear shifter backlight control circuit and a vehicle, which can solve the technical problem of needing to use a lighting control chip.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a gear shifter backlight control circuit. The gear shifter backlight control circuit includes an on / off signal input terminal, a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch. The controlled terminal of the first switch is electrically connected to the on / off signal input terminal, the first terminal of the first switch is electrically connected to a power supply, and the second terminal of the first switch is grounded. The controlled terminal of the second switch is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first switch, the first terminal of the second switch is grounded, and the second terminal of the second switch is used to connect to a first backlight circuit. The controlled terminal of the third switch is electrically connected to the on / off signal input terminal, the first terminal of the third switch is grounded, and the second terminal of the third switch is used to connect to a second backlight circuit. When the first switch is closed, the second switch is open, and the third switch is closed; when the first switch is open, the second switch is closed, and the third switch is open.

[0006] In the above technical solution, the mutual exclusion between the backlight and indicator lights is achieved through three basic discrete components such as switches, eliminating the need for expensive components such as lighting control chips and saving procurement costs. Furthermore, the control logic of the switches is relatively simpler. Compared to chips which require firmware development, the development difficulty and development cycle of the backlight control circuit for the shifter composed of three switches in this embodiment are lower. During manufacturing, the soldering and testing processes for discrete components such as switches are simpler, resulting in lower labor and equipment costs on the production line. If surface-mount discrete components are used, the overall PCB area of ​​the circuit can be very small. In addition, discrete components offer strong anti-interference capabilities, high reliability, ease of testing and replacement, and low maintenance costs.

[0007] In some exemplary embodiments, the first switch includes a first transistor, the base of the first transistor is electrically connected to the on / off signal input terminal and the power supply as the controlled terminal of the first switch, the collector of the first transistor is electrically connected to the power supply as the first terminal of the first switch, and the emitter of the first transistor is grounded as the second terminal of the first switch. The second switch includes a second transistor, the base of which is electrically connected to the collector of the first transistor as the controlled terminal of the second switch, the emitter of which is grounded as the first terminal of the second switch, and the collector of which is the second terminal of the second switch. The third switch includes a third transistor. The base of the third transistor serves as the controlled terminal of the third switch and is electrically connected to the on / off signal input terminal and the power supply. The emitter of the third transistor serves as the first terminal of the third switch and is grounded. The collector of the third transistor serves as the second terminal of the third switch.

[0008] In the above technical solution, all three switches are transistors. Transistors have a mature manufacturing process, a large market supply, and are relatively cheaper than MOSFETs, thus reducing material costs. Moreover, the peripheral circuit of transistors is relatively simple; generally, only a small number of resistors are needed to set the appropriate base bias current to achieve the switching function.

[0009] In some exemplary embodiments, the shifter backlight control circuit further includes: The first resistor has its first end electrically connected to the power supply, and its second end electrically connected to the base of the first transistor and the base of the third transistor. The second resistor has its first end electrically connected to the power supply and its second end electrically connected to the base of the second transistor.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the first resistor is connected in series between the base of the first transistor and the power supply, which limits the current flowing into the base of both the first and third transistors. By limiting the current through the first resistor, the current flowing into the base of the first transistor is kept within a suitable range, allowing the first transistor to reliably operate in saturation conduction or cutoff state. The first resistor also plays a certain role in buffering and level adjustment, making the voltage levels input to the bases of the first and third transistors more stable, ensuring that the first and third transistors conduct or cut off according to the expected logic, and avoiding excessive impact of abnormal on / off signals on the operating state of the first transistor.

[0011] The second resistor is connected between the collector of the first transistor and the base of the second transistor. Its main function is to control the base current of the second transistor. The value of the second resistor determines the magnitude of the base current supplied to the second transistor. By setting an appropriate resistance value, the reliable conduction and cutoff of the second transistor can be ensured. In addition, the second resistor can stabilize the bias voltage of the second transistor's base to a certain extent, making the bias voltage of the second transistor's base relatively stable, ensuring the stability of the second transistor's operating state, and thus ensuring the reliable implementation of the mutual exclusion function between the backlight and the indicator light in the entire circuit.

[0012] In some exemplary embodiments, the shifter backlight control circuit further includes: A first protection module, wherein a first end of the first protection module is electrically connected to a second end of the second switch, and the second end of the first protection module is used to connect to the first backlight circuit; The second protection module has its first end electrically connected to the second end of the third switch, and its second end is used to connect to the second backlight circuit.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the first protection module is used to protect the first backlight circuit. For example, the first protection module can perform at least one function such as current limiting, backflow prevention, and filtering, thereby making the first backlight circuit more stable and safer. The second protection module is used to protect the second backlight circuit. For example, the second protection module can perform at least one function such as current limiting, backflow prevention, and filtering, thereby making the second backlight circuit more stable and safer.

[0014] In some exemplary embodiments, the first protection module includes a first diode, the negative terminal of the first diode being electrically connected to the second terminal of the second switch, and the positive terminal of the first diode being used to connect to the first backlight circuit. The second protection module includes a second diode, the negative terminal of which is electrically connected to the second terminal of the third switch, and the positive terminal of which is used to connect to the second backlight circuit.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the first diode has unidirectional conductivity, which can prevent reverse current from passing through, thereby protecting the connected second transistor, first backlight circuit, etc., from being damaged by reverse voltage breakdown. The first diode can act as a clamp, clamping the voltage at a certain point in the circuit within a certain range. When the second transistor or other components malfunction and cause excessive voltage, the first diode conducts, limiting the voltage to near its conduction voltage, preventing excessive voltage from damaging other components. The second diode has unidirectional conductivity, which can prevent reverse current from passing through, thereby protecting the connected third transistor, second backlight circuit, etc., from being damaged by reverse voltage breakdown. The second diode can also act as a clamp, clamping the voltage at a certain point in the circuit within a certain range. When the third transistor or other components malfunction and cause excessive voltage, the second diode conducts, limiting the voltage to near its conduction voltage, preventing excessive voltage from damaging other components.

[0016] In some exemplary embodiments, the first protection module further includes a first capacitor and a third resistor. A first terminal of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the first diode, and a second terminal of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first diode. A first terminal of the third resistor is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the first diode, and a second terminal of the third resistor is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first diode. The first protection module further includes a second capacitor and a fourth resistor. The first end of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the second diode, and the second end of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second diode. The first end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the second diode, and the second end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second diode.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the first capacitor can bypass the high-frequency AC components in the power supply to ground, making the voltage supplied to the first diode smoother and more stable. This helps reduce flickering and improves the stability of its light emission. When the second transistor turns on and off, the current or voltage in the circuit changes abruptly, which may generate spike interference on the power line. The first capacitor can absorb these instantaneously changing currents or voltages, stabilizing the circuit current and protecting the first diode from damage by sudden large currents, extending its lifespan and reducing the impact of current or voltage fluctuations on other circuit components. The third resistor can limit the discharge current of the first capacitor, preventing excessive discharge current from damaging other components in the circuit. The third resistor and the first capacitor form an RC filter circuit, absorbing high-frequency energy in the circuit, suppressing oscillations, and making the circuit operation more stable.

[0018] The second capacitor bypasses the high-frequency AC components of the power supply to ground, making the voltage supplied to the second diode smoother and more stable. This helps reduce flickering and improves the stability of the light output. When the third transistor turns on and off, the current or voltage in the circuit changes abruptly, which can generate spikes on the power line. The second capacitor absorbs these instantaneous current or voltage changes, stabilizing the circuit current and protecting the second diode from damage by sudden large currents, extending its lifespan and reducing the impact of current or voltage fluctuations on other circuit components. When the third transistor is on, the charging process of the second capacitor makes the conduction process of the second diode relatively gentle, preventing the third transistor from entering deep saturation due to sudden large currents. This allows the third transistor to return to the cutoff state more quickly when needed, improving the overall circuit response speed.

[0019] In some exemplary embodiments, the first protection module further includes a fifth resistor, the first end of which is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first diode, and the second end of which is used to connect to the first backlight circuit. The second protection module also includes a sixth resistor, the first end of which is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second diode, and the second end of which is used to connect to the second backlight circuit. In the above technical solution, the fifth resistor can limit the current, thereby protecting the first backlight circuit from overcurrent burnout. The sixth resistor can limit the current, thereby protecting the second backlight circuit from overcurrent burnout.

[0020] The first protection module further includes a seventh resistor, the first end of which is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth resistor, and the second end of which is electrically connected to the second end of the fifth resistor; The second protection module also includes an eighth resistor, the first end of which is electrically connected to the first end of the sixth resistor, and the second end of which is electrically connected to the second end of the sixth resistor.

[0021] In the above technical solution, by connecting the fifth and seventh resistors in parallel, the power can be distributed across the two resistors, resulting in relatively dispersed heat and preventing malfunctions caused by overheating of a single resistor. Even if one resistor is open-circuited, the other resistor can still operate normally, continuing to limit the current to the second transistor. The only difference is that the total resistance increases, the current decreases, and the light brightness slightly reduces, but the light will not burn out, thus improving circuit reliability. Furthermore, the parallel resistors allow for flexible fine-tuning of the total resistance, meeting precise current requirements.

[0022] By connecting the sixth and eighth resistors in parallel, power is distributed across the two resistors, resulting in relatively dispersed heat and preventing malfunctions caused by overheating of a single resistor. Even if one resistor is open-circuited, the other will still function normally, continuing to limit the current to the second transistor. The total resistance will increase, the current will decrease, and the light brightness will slightly reduce, but it will not burn out, thus improving circuit reliability. Furthermore, the parallel resistors allow for flexible fine-tuning of the total resistance, meeting precise current requirements.

[0023] In some exemplary embodiments, the shifter backlight control circuit further includes a first brightness signal input terminal and a fourth switch. The controlled terminal of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the first brightness signal input terminal. The first terminal of the fourth switch is used to connect to the operating power supply. The first backlight circuit is connected in series between the second terminal of the fourth switch and the second terminal of the second switch. The backlight control circuit of the gear shifter also includes a second brightness signal input terminal and a fifth switch. The controlled terminal of the fifth switch is electrically connected to the second brightness signal input terminal. The first terminal of the fifth switch is used to connect to the working power supply. The second backlight circuit is connected in series between the second terminal of the fifth switch and the second terminal of the third switch.

[0024] In the above technical solution, the duty cycle can be adjusted by regulating the closing time of the fourth switch, thereby regulating the brightness of the light-emitting element in the first backlight circuit. Similarly, the duty cycle can be adjusted by regulating the closing time of the fifth switch, thereby regulating the brightness of the light-emitting element in the second backlight circuit. A higher duty cycle results in a larger proportion of time the light-emitting element is on, leading to higher average brightness; conversely, a lower duty cycle results in a smaller proportion of time the light-emitting element is on, leading to lower average brightness. PWM, by changing the duty cycle of the pulse signal, achieves high-precision dimming through a high-resolution PWM signal, providing a smoother brightness transition to meet the needs of different environments and displays.

[0025] In some exemplary embodiments, the fourth switch includes a fourth transistor and a fifth transistor. The base of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the first brightness signal input terminal as the controlled terminal of the fourth switch. The emitter of the fourth transistor is grounded. The collector of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the base of the fifth transistor. The emitter of the fifth transistor serves as the first terminal of the fourth switch for connecting to the operating power supply. The collector of the fifth transistor serves as the second terminal of the fourth switch. The fifth switch includes a sixth transistor and a seventh transistor. The base of the sixth transistor serves as the controlled terminal of the fifth switch and is electrically connected to the second brightness signal input terminal. The emitter of the sixth transistor is grounded, and the collector of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the base of the seventh transistor. The emitter of the seventh transistor serves as the first terminal of the fifth switch for connecting to the operating power supply, and the collector of the seventh transistor serves as the second terminal of the fifth switch.

[0026] In the above technical solutions, the fourth transistor has limited driving capability and cannot provide a sufficiently large current to drive the load. Adding a fifth transistor, however, allows the two transistors to work together, improving the driving capability. When the load experiences overload or short circuit, the fifth transistor can protect the fourth transistor to some extent. When a short circuit causes excessive current, the fifth transistor may saturate or fail first, preventing excessive current from flowing directly through the fourth transistor and protecting the relatively fragile fourth transistor and the preceding circuitry. Similarly, the sixth transistor has limited driving capability and cannot provide a sufficiently large current to drive the load. Adding a seventh transistor, however, allows the two transistors to work together, improving the driving capability. When the load experiences overload or short circuit, the seventh transistor can protect the sixth transistor to some extent. When a short circuit causes excessive current, the seventh transistor may saturate or fail first, preventing excessive current from flowing directly through the sixth transistor and protecting the relatively fragile sixth transistor and the preceding circuitry.

[0027] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a vehicle, which includes a gear shift backlight control circuit, a first backlight circuit, and a second backlight circuit. The first backlight circuit is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second switch; and the second backlight circuit is electrically connected to the second terminal of the third switch; one of the first backlight circuit and the second backlight circuit is selectively turned on. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a gear shifter backlight control circuit in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the shifter backlight control circuit in another embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the gear shifter backlight control circuit in one embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the shifter backlight control circuit in another embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a block diagram of the shifter backlight control circuit in another embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the fourth switch in one embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the fifth switch in one embodiment of this application.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 100, Gear shifter backlight control circuit; 111, On / off signal input terminal; 110, First switch; 120, Second switch; 130, Third switch; 140, Fourth switch; 150, Fifth switch; 160, First protection module; 170, Second protection module; 181, First brightness signal input terminal; 182, Second brightness signal input terminal; 191, First backlight circuit; 192, Second backlight circuit; VCC, Power supply; Q1, First transistor; Q2, second transistor; Q3, third transistor; Q4, fourth transistor; Q5, fifth transistor; Q6, sixth transistor; Q7, seventh transistor; D1, first diode; D2, second diode; C1, first capacitor; C2, second capacitor; R1, first resistor; R2, second resistor; R3, third resistor; R4, fourth resistor; R5, fifth resistor; R6, sixth resistor; R7, seventh resistor; R8, eighth resistor; R9, ninth resistor; R10, tenth resistor. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0033] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," etc., in this application is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0034] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this application.

[0036] The electronic shifter uses electronic control to achieve automatic gear shifting. The electronic shifter replaces the traditional mechanical structure with electronic signal control, making the shifting action lighter, the response speed faster, the size smaller and the layout more flexible, and saving interior space.

[0037] To facilitate user observation of gear positions, each gear on an electronic gear shifter is equipped with a backlight and an indicator light. The indicator light shows the current gear, while the backlight illuminates the icons for other gears. In related technologies, the indicator light and backlight are typically controlled by a lighting control chip, which results in relatively high production costs. Therefore, embodiments of this application provide a gear shifter backlight control circuit and a vehicle, wherein the gear shifter backlight control circuit realizes light control through multiple switches to replace the light driver chip.

[0038] The shifter backlight control circuit and vehicle provided in the embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the first aspect of this application provides a gear shifter backlight control circuit 100, which includes an on / off signal input terminal 111, a first switch 110, a second switch 120 and a third switch 130.

[0040] The on / off signal input terminal 111 is used to receive on / off signals. The on / off signal can be a high or low level signal, a pulse signal, or other signals. The following explanation takes a high or low level signal as the on / off signal as an example.

[0041] The on / off signal controls the switching of the first switch 110 and the third switch 130. The controlled terminal of the first switch 110 is electrically connected to the on / off signal input terminal 111, the first terminal of the first switch 110 is electrically connected to the power supply VCC, and the second terminal of the first switch 110 is grounded. The controlled terminal of the second switch 120 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first switch 110, the first terminal of the second switch 120 is grounded, and the second terminal of the second switch 120 is used to connect to the first backlight circuit 191. The controlled terminal of the third switch 130 is electrically connected to the on / off signal input terminal 111, the first terminal of the third switch 130 is grounded, and the second terminal of the third switch 130 is used to connect to the second backlight circuit 192.

[0042] One of the first backlight circuit 191 and the second backlight circuit 192 is an indicator light circuit, and the other is a background light circuit.

[0043] When the on / off signal is high, the first switch 110 is closed, and its first and second terminals are connected. Since the second terminal of the first switch 110 is grounded, its first terminal is at a low potential, causing the second switch 120 to open. This prevents the first backlight circuit 191 from forming a circuit and thus disables it. Simultaneously, when the on / off signal is high, the third switch 130 is closed, and its second terminal is connected to ground. This allows the second backlight circuit 192 to form a circuit and operate normally.

[0044] When the on / off signal is low, the first switch 110 is open. At this time, the first and second terminals of the first switch 110 are disconnected. Since the first terminal of the first switch 110 is electrically connected to the power supply VCC, it is at a high potential. This causes the second switch 120 to close, allowing the first backlight circuit 191 to ground and form a loop, meaning the first backlight circuit 191 can function normally. Simultaneously, when the on / off signal is low, the third switch 130 is open. The second terminal of the third switch 130 cannot ground, meaning the second backlight circuit 192 cannot ground and form a loop, thus the second backlight circuit 192 cannot function.

[0045] By inputting on / off signals, the second switch 120 and the third switch 130 can be in different working states. The second switch 120 and the third switch 130 are not turned on at the same time, so that the first backlight circuit 191 and the second backlight circuit 192 are not turned on at the same time, that is, the backlight and the indicator light are mutually exclusive.

[0046] In summary, this embodiment achieves mutual exclusion between the backlight and indicator lights using three basic discrete components such as switches, eliminating the need for expensive components like control chips and saving on procurement costs. Furthermore, the control logic of the switches is relatively simpler. Compared to chips which require firmware development, the development difficulty and development cycle of the backlight control circuit 100 composed of three switches in this embodiment are lower. During manufacturing, the soldering and testing processes for discrete components such as switches are simpler, resulting in lower labor and equipment costs on the production line. If surface-mount discrete components are used, the overall PCB area of ​​the circuit can be very small. In addition, discrete components offer strong anti-interference capabilities, high reliability, ease of testing and replacement, and low maintenance costs.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the first switch 110 includes a first transistor Q1. The base of the first transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the on / off signal input terminal 111 and the power supply VCC as the controlled terminal of the first switch 110. The collector of the first transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the power supply VCC as the first terminal of the first switch 110. The emitter of the first transistor Q1 is grounded as the second terminal of the first switch 110.

[0048] The second switch 120 includes a second transistor Q2. The base of the second transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the collector of the first transistor Q1 as the controlled terminal of the second switch 120. The emitter of the second transistor Q2 is grounded as the first terminal of the second switch 120. The collector of the second transistor Q2 is the second terminal of the second switch 120.

[0049] The third switch 130 includes a third transistor Q3. The base of the third transistor Q3 is the controlled terminal of the third switch 130 and is electrically connected to the on / off signal input terminal 111 and the power supply VCC. The emitter of the third transistor Q3 is grounded as the first terminal of the third switch 130, and the collector of the third transistor Q3 is the second terminal of the third switch 130.

[0050] In this embodiment, all three switches are transistors. Transistors have a mature manufacturing process, are readily available, and are relatively cheaper than MOSFETs, thus reducing material costs. Furthermore, the peripheral circuitry for transistors is simpler; generally, only a few resistors are needed to set the appropriate base bias current to achieve the switching function. In contrast, MOSFET driving circuits are relatively complex, potentially requiring additional driver chips or complex level conversion circuits to ensure reliable conduction and cutoff, which increases circuit design and material costs.

[0051] Transistors can be directly driven by low-voltage logic signals, such as the common 3.3V or 5V output signals from microcontroller I / O ports, which can directly drive the transistor to turn on or off. MOSFETs, on the other hand, typically require a higher gate drive voltage (usually around 10V to fully conduct), and for low-voltage control signals, additional drive circuitry is often needed for level conversion.

[0052] In some other embodiments, the three switches may also be other switching elements such as MOSFETs, which are not limited here.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the gear shifter backlight control circuit 100 further includes a first resistor R1, the first end of the first resistor R1 being electrically connected to the power supply VCC, and the second end of the first resistor R1 being electrically connected to the base of the first transistor Q1 and the base of the third transistor Q3.

[0054] The first resistor R1 is connected in series between the base of the first transistor Q1 and the power supply VCC. It limits the current flowing into the bases of both transistors Q1 and Q3. By limiting the current through R1, the current flowing into the base of transistor Q1 is kept within a suitable range, allowing Q1 to reliably operate in saturation conduction or cutoff states. R1 also acts as a buffer and level adjuster, making the voltage levels input to the bases of both transistors Q1 and Q3 more stable. This ensures that transistors Q1 and Q3 conduct or cut off according to the expected logic, preventing abnormal on / off signals from excessively affecting the operating state of transistor Q1.

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the shifter backlight control circuit 100 further includes a second resistor R2, the first end of which is electrically connected to the power supply VCC, and the second end of which is electrically connected to the base of the second transistor Q2.

[0056] The second resistor R2 is connected between the collector of the first transistor Q1 and the base of the second transistor Q2. Its main function is to control the base current of the second transistor Q2. The value of the second resistor R2 determines the magnitude of the base current supplied to the second transistor Q2. By setting an appropriate resistance value, the reliable conduction and cutoff of the second transistor Q2 can be ensured. In addition, the second resistor R2 can stabilize the bias voltage of the base of the second transistor Q2 to a certain extent, making the bias voltage of the base of the second transistor Q2 relatively stable, ensuring the stability of the operating state of the second transistor Q2, and thus ensuring the reliable implementation of the mutual exclusion function between the backlight and the indicator light in the entire circuit.

[0057] When transistor Q1 is turned on, its collector potential is close to ground. At this time, the second resistor R2 limits the current flowing from the base of transistor Q2 to the collector of transistor Q1, preventing sufficient forward bias voltage from reaching the base of transistor Q2 and thus ensuring that transistor Q2 is turned off. When transistor Q1 is turned off, the power supply voltage provides a forward bias current to the base of transistor Q2 through the second resistor R2, turning transistor Q2 on.

[0058] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the shifter backlight control circuit 100 further includes a first protection module 160. The first terminal of the first protection module 160 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second switch 120, and the second terminal of the first protection module 160 is used to connect to the first backlight circuit 191. The first protection module 160 is used to protect the first backlight circuit 191. For example, the first protection module 160 can perform at least one function such as current limiting, backflow prevention, and filtering, thereby making the first backlight circuit 191 more stable in operation and safer.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the shifter backlight control circuit 100 further includes a second protection module 170. The first terminal of the second protection module 170 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the third switch 130, and the second terminal of the second protection module 170 is used to connect to the second backlight circuit 192. The second protection module 170 is used to protect the second backlight circuit 192. For example, the second protection module 170 can perform at least one function such as current limiting, backflow prevention, and filtering, thereby making the second backlight circuit 192 more stable in operation and safer.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the first protection module 160 includes a first diode D1, the negative terminal of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second switch 120, and the positive terminal of the first diode D1 is used to connect to the first backlight circuit 191.

[0061] The first diode D1 has unidirectional conductivity, which can prevent reverse current from passing through, thereby protecting the connected second transistor Q2, the first backlight circuit 191, and other components from being damaged by reverse voltage breakdown. The first diode D1 can also act as a clamp, clamping the voltage at a certain point in the circuit within a certain range. When components such as the second transistor Q2 malfunction and cause excessive voltage, the first diode D1 conducts, limiting the voltage to near its conduction voltage and preventing excessive voltage from damaging other components.

[0062] like Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the second protection module 170 includes a second diode D2, the negative terminal of which is electrically connected to the second terminal of the third switch 130, and the positive terminal of which is used to connect to the second backlight circuit 192.

[0063] The second diode D2 has unidirectional conductivity, which can prevent reverse current from passing through, thereby protecting the connected third transistor Q3, the second backlight circuit 192, and other components from being damaged by reverse voltage breakdown. The second diode D2 can also act as a clamp, clamping the voltage at a certain point in the circuit within a certain range. When components such as the third transistor Q3 malfunction and cause excessive voltage, the second diode D2 conducts, limiting the voltage to near its conduction voltage and preventing excessive voltage from damaging other components.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the first protection module 160 further includes a first capacitor C1 and a third resistor R3. The first end of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the first diode D1, and the second end of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first diode D1. The first end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the first diode D1, and the second end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first diode D1.

[0065] The first capacitor C1 bypasses the high-frequency AC components of the power supply to ground, making the voltage supplied to the first diode D1 smoother and more stable. This helps reduce flickering and improves the stability of its light emission. When the second transistor Q2 turns on and off, the current or voltage in the circuit changes abruptly, which may generate spikes in the power line. The first capacitor C1 absorbs these instantaneous changes in current or voltage, stabilizing the circuit current and protecting the first diode D1 from damage by sudden large currents, extending its lifespan and reducing the impact of current or voltage fluctuations on other circuit components.

[0066] When the second transistor Q2 is turned on, the charging process of the first capacitor C1 can make the conduction process of the first diode D1 relatively smooth, avoiding the second transistor Q2 from entering a deep saturation state due to a sudden large current. This helps the second transistor Q2 to return to the cutoff state more quickly when it needs to be turned off, thus improving the response speed of the entire circuit.

[0067] The third resistor R3 limits the discharge current of the first capacitor C1, preventing excessive discharge current from damaging other components in the circuit. The third resistor R3 and the first capacitor C1 form an RC filter circuit, absorbing high-frequency energy in the circuit, suppressing oscillations, and making the circuit more stable.

[0068] like Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the second protection module 170 further includes a second capacitor C2 and a fourth resistor R4. The first end of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the second diode D2, and the second end of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second diode D2. The first end of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the second diode D2, and the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second diode D2.

[0069] The second capacitor C2 bypasses the high-frequency AC components in the power supply to ground, making the voltage supplied to the second diode D2 smoother and more stable. This helps reduce flickering and improves the stability of its light emission. When the third transistor Q3 turns on and off, the current or voltage in the circuit changes abruptly, which may generate spikes in the power line. The second capacitor C2 absorbs these instantaneous changes in current or voltage, stabilizing the circuit current and protecting the second diode D2 from damage by sudden large currents, extending its lifespan and reducing the impact of current or voltage fluctuations on other circuit components.

[0070] When the third transistor Q3 is turned on, the charging process of the second capacitor C2 can make the conduction process of the second diode D2 relatively smooth, avoiding the instantaneous large current from causing the third transistor Q3 to enter a deep saturation state. This helps the third transistor Q3 to return to the cutoff state more quickly when it needs to be turned off, thus improving the response speed of the entire circuit.

[0071] The fourth resistor R4 limits the discharge current of the second capacitor C2, preventing excessive discharge current from damaging other components in the circuit. The fourth resistor R4 and the second capacitor C2 form an RC filter circuit, absorbing high-frequency energy in the circuit, suppressing oscillations, and making the circuit more stable.

[0072] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the first protection module 160 further includes a fifth resistor R5, the first end of which is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first diode D1, and the second end of which is used to connect to the first backlight circuit 191.

[0073] The fifth resistor R5 can limit the current, thereby protecting the first backlight circuit 191 from overcurrent burnout.

[0074] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the second protection module 170 further includes a sixth resistor R6, the first end of which is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second diode D2, and the second end of which is used to connect to the second backlight circuit 192.

[0075] The sixth resistor R6 can limit the current, thereby protecting the second backlight circuit 192 from overcurrent burnout.

[0076] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the first protection module 160 further includes a seventh resistor R7, the first end of which is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth resistor R5, and the second end of which is electrically connected to the second end of the fifth resistor R5.

[0077] By connecting the fifth resistor R5 and the seventh resistor R7 in parallel, power can be distributed across the two resistors, thus distributing heat more evenly and preventing malfunctions caused by overheating of a single resistor. Even if one resistor is open-circuited, the other will still function normally, continuing to limit the current to the second transistor Q2. The total resistance will increase, the current will decrease, and the light brightness will slightly decrease, but it will not burn out, thereby improving circuit reliability. Furthermore, the parallel resistors allow for flexible fine-tuning of the total resistance, meeting precise current requirements.

[0078] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the second protection module 170 further includes an eighth resistor R8, the first end of which is electrically connected to the first end of the sixth resistor R6, and the second end of which is electrically connected to the second end of the sixth resistor R6.

[0079] By connecting the sixth resistor R6 and the eighth resistor R8 in parallel, power can be distributed across the two resistors, resulting in relatively dispersed heat and preventing malfunctions caused by overheating of a single resistor. Even if one resistor is open-circuited, the other resistor can still function normally, continuing to limit the current to the second transistor Q2. The total resistance increases, the current decreases, and the light brightness slightly reduces, but it will not burn out, thus improving circuit reliability. Furthermore, the parallel resistors allow for flexible fine-tuning of the total resistance, meeting precise current requirements.

[0080] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the shifter backlight control circuit 100 further includes a first brightness signal input terminal 181 and a fourth switch 140. The controlled terminal of the fourth switch 140 is electrically connected to the first brightness signal input terminal 181. The first terminal of the fourth switch 140 is used to connect to the operating power supply. The first backlight circuit 191 is connected in series between the second terminal of the fourth switch 140 and the second terminal of the second switch 120. The first brightness signal input terminal 181 is used to receive a first brightness signal, which can be a high or low level signal, a pulse signal, or other signals. The following description uses a high or low level signal as an example of the first brightness signal.

[0081] When the fourth switch 140 is closed, the first backlight circuit 191 is conductive; when the fourth switch 140 is open, the first backlight circuit 191 is disconnected. By adjusting the closing time of the fourth switch 140, the duty cycle can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the brightness of the light-emitting element in the first backlight circuit 191. The higher the duty cycle, the greater the proportion of time the light-emitting element is lit, and the higher the average brightness; the lower the duty cycle, the smaller the proportion of time the light-emitting element is lit, and the lower the average brightness.

[0082] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the shifter backlight control circuit 100 further includes a second brightness signal input terminal 182 and a fifth switch 150. The controlled terminal of the fifth switch 150 is electrically connected to the second brightness signal input terminal 182. The first terminal of the fifth switch 150 is used to connect to the operating power supply. The second backlight circuit 192 is connected in series between the second terminal of the fifth switch 150 and the second terminal of the third switch 130. The second brightness signal input terminal 182 is used to receive a second brightness signal, which can be a high / low level signal, a pulse signal, or other signals. The following description uses a high / low level signal as an example of the second brightness signal.

[0083] When the fifth switch 150 is closed, the second backlight circuit 192 is conductive; when the fifth switch 150 is open, the second backlight circuit 192 is open-circuited. By adjusting the closing time of the fifth switch 150, the duty cycle can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the brightness of the light-emitting element in the second backlight circuit 192. The higher the duty cycle, the greater the proportion of time the light-emitting element is lit, and the higher the average brightness; the lower the duty cycle, the smaller the proportion of time the light-emitting element is lit, and the lower the average brightness.

[0084] PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) achieves high-precision dimming by changing the duty cycle of the pulse signal and using a high-resolution PWM signal, providing a smoother brightness transition to meet the needs of different environments and displays.

[0085] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the fourth switch 140 includes a fourth transistor Q4 and a fifth transistor Q5. The base of the fourth transistor Q4 is electrically connected to the first luminance signal input terminal 181 as the controlled terminal of the fourth switch 140. The emitter of the fourth transistor Q4 is grounded. The collector of the fourth transistor Q4 is electrically connected to the base of the fifth transistor Q5. The emitter of the fifth transistor Q5 is used as the first terminal of the fourth switch 140 for connecting to the working power supply. The collector of the fifth transistor Q5 is used as the second terminal of the fourth switch 140.

[0086] The fifth transistor, Q5, converts the output level of the fourth transistor, Q4, to a level suitable for driving the load. For example, if the fourth transistor, Q4, outputs a 3.3V logic level, the fifth transistor, Q5, can convert it to 5V or even higher to meet the load's operating requirements. The fourth transistor, Q4, has limited driving capability and cannot provide sufficient current to drive the load. Adding the fifth transistor, Q5, allows the two transistors to work together, improving the driving capability. When the load experiences overload or short circuit, the fifth transistor, Q5, can protect the fourth transistor, Q4, to some extent. When a short circuit causes excessive current, the fifth transistor, Q5, may saturate or fail first, preventing excessive current from flowing directly through the fourth transistor, thus protecting the relatively fragile fourth transistor, Q4, and the preceding circuitry.

[0087] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the fourth switch 140 further includes a ninth resistor R9, which limits the current flowing into the base of the fifth transistor Q5, protecting the fifth transistor Q5 from overcurrent damage.

[0088] like Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the fifth switch 150 includes a sixth transistor Q6 and a seventh transistor Q7. The base of the sixth transistor Q6 is electrically connected to the second brightness signal input terminal 182 as the controlled terminal of the fifth switch 150. The emitter of the sixth transistor Q6 is grounded. The collector of the sixth transistor Q6 is electrically connected to the base of the seventh transistor Q7. The emitter of the seventh transistor Q7 is used as the first terminal of the fifth switch 150 for connecting to the working power supply. The collector of the seventh transistor Q7 is used as the second terminal of the fifth switch 150.

[0089] The seventh transistor, Q7, converts the output level of the sixth transistor, Q6, to a level suitable for driving the load. For example, if the sixth transistor, Q6, outputs a 3.3V logic level, the seventh transistor, Q7, can convert it to 5V or even higher to meet the load's operating requirements. The sixth transistor, Q6, has limited driving capability and cannot provide sufficient current to drive the load. Adding the seventh transistor, Q7, allows the two transistors to work together, improving the driving capability. When the load experiences overload or short circuit, the seventh transistor, Q7, can protect the sixth transistor, Q6, to some extent. When a short circuit causes excessive current, the seventh transistor, Q7, may saturate or fail first, preventing excessive current from flowing directly through the sixth transistor, thus protecting the relatively fragile sixth transistor, Q6, and the preceding circuitry.

[0090] like Figure 7As shown, in some embodiments, the fifth switch 150 further includes a tenth resistor R10, which limits the current flowing into the base of the seventh transistor Q7, protecting the seventh transistor Q7 from overcurrent damage.

[0091] A second aspect of this application provides a vehicle, which includes a gear shift backlight control circuit 100, a first backlight circuit 191, and a second backlight circuit 192. The first backlight circuit 191 is electrically connected to the second terminal of a second switch 120, and the second backlight circuit 192 is electrically connected to the second terminal of a third switch 130. One of the first backlight circuit 191 and the second backlight circuit 192 is selectively turned on, thereby realizing the mutual exclusion of indicator lights and backlights.

[0092] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the concept of this application and the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A backlight control circuit for a gear shifter, characterized in that, include: On / off signal input terminal; A first switch, wherein the controlled terminal of the first switch is electrically connected to the on / off signal input terminal, the first terminal of the first switch is electrically connected to the power supply, and the second terminal of the first switch is grounded; The second switch has its controlled terminal electrically connected to the first terminal of the first switch, the first terminal of the second switch is grounded, and the second terminal of the second switch is used to connect to the first backlight circuit. The third switch has its controlled terminal electrically connected to the on / off signal input terminal, its first terminal grounded, and its second terminal used to connect to the second backlight circuit. When the first switch is closed, the second switch is open, and the third switch is closed; When the first switch is open, the second switch is closed, and the third switch is open.

2. The gear shifter backlight control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first switch includes a first transistor. The base of the first transistor serves as the controlled terminal of the first switch and is electrically connected to the on / off signal input terminal and the power supply. The collector of the first transistor serves as the first terminal of the first switch and is electrically connected to the power supply. The emitter of the first transistor serves as the second terminal of the first switch and is grounded. The second switch includes a second transistor, the base of which is electrically connected to the collector of the first transistor as the controlled terminal of the second switch, the emitter of which is grounded as the first terminal of the second switch, and the collector of which is the second terminal of the second switch. The third switch includes a third transistor. The base of the third transistor serves as the controlled terminal of the third switch and is electrically connected to the on / off signal input terminal and the power supply. The emitter of the third transistor serves as the first terminal of the third switch and is grounded. The collector of the third transistor serves as the second terminal of the third switch.

3. The gear shifter backlight control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The backlight control circuit for the gear shifter also includes: A first resistor, the first end of which is electrically connected to the power supply, and the second end of which is electrically connected to the base of the first transistor and the base of the third transistor. The second resistor has its first end electrically connected to the power supply and its second end electrically connected to the base of the second transistor.

4. The gear shifter backlight control circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The backlight control circuit for the gear shifter also includes: A first protection module, wherein a first end of the first protection module is electrically connected to a second end of the second switch, and the second end of the first protection module is used to connect to the first backlight circuit; The second protection module has its first end electrically connected to the second end of the third switch, and its second end is used to connect to the second backlight circuit.

5. The gear shifter backlight control circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first protection module includes a first diode, the negative terminal of the first diode is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second switch, and the positive terminal of the first diode is used to connect to the first backlight circuit. The second protection module includes a second diode, the negative terminal of which is electrically connected to the second terminal of the third switch, and the positive terminal of which is used to connect to the second backlight circuit.

6. The gear shifter backlight control circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first protection module further includes a first capacitor and a third resistor. The first terminal of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the first diode, and the second terminal of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first diode. The first terminal of the third resistor is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the first diode, and the second terminal of the third resistor is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first diode. The second protection module further includes a second capacitor and a fourth resistor. The first end of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the second diode, and the second end of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second diode. The first end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the second diode, and the second end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second diode.

7. The gear shifter backlight control circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first protection module further includes a fifth resistor, the first end of which is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first diode, and the second end of which is used to connect to the first backlight circuit. The second protection module also includes a sixth resistor, the first end of which is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second diode, and the second end of which is used to connect to the second backlight circuit. The first protection module further includes a seventh resistor, the first end of which is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth resistor, and the second end of which is electrically connected to the second end of the fifth resistor; The second protection module also includes an eighth resistor, the first end of which is electrically connected to the first end of the sixth resistor, and the second end of which is electrically connected to the second end of the sixth resistor.

8. The gear shifter backlight control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The backlight control circuit of the gear shifter also includes a first brightness signal input terminal and a fourth switch. The controlled terminal of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the first brightness signal input terminal. The first terminal of the fourth switch is used to connect to the working power supply. The first backlight circuit is connected in series between the second terminal of the fourth switch and the second terminal of the second switch. The backlight control circuit of the gear shifter also includes a second brightness signal input terminal and a fifth switch. The controlled terminal of the fifth switch is electrically connected to the second brightness signal input terminal. The first terminal of the fifth switch is used to connect to the working power supply. The second backlight circuit is connected in series between the second terminal of the fifth switch and the second terminal of the third switch.

9. The gear shifter backlight control circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fourth switch includes a fourth transistor and a fifth transistor. The base of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the first brightness signal input terminal as the controlled terminal of the fourth switch. The emitter of the fourth transistor is grounded. The collector of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the base of the fifth transistor. The emitter of the fifth transistor is used as the first terminal of the fourth switch for connecting to the working power supply. The collector of the fifth transistor is used as the second terminal of the fourth switch. The fifth switch includes a sixth transistor and a seventh transistor. The base of the sixth transistor serves as the controlled terminal of the fifth switch and is electrically connected to the second brightness signal input terminal. The emitter of the sixth transistor is grounded, and the collector of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the base of the seventh transistor. The emitter of the seventh transistor serves as the first terminal of the fifth switch for connecting to the operating power supply, and the collector of the seventh transistor serves as the second terminal of the fifth switch.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: The shifter backlight control circuit as described in any one of claims 1-9; The first backlight circuit is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second switch; as well as The second backlight circuit is electrically connected to the second terminal of the third switch; In this circuit, one of the first backlight circuit and the second backlight circuit is selectively turned on.

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