Display device and electronic device including the same

Abstract

A display device and an electronic device including the same are provided. The display device includes a substrate. A plurality of light emitting regions including a plurality of light emitting elements are disposed on the substrate. A pixel definition layer defines the plurality of light emitting regions. An encapsulation layer is disposed on the plurality of light emitting elements and the pixel definition layer. A superlens layer is disposed on the encapsulation layer and includes a plurality of superlenses. The plurality of superlenses are superposed with some of the plurality of light emitting regions in a thickness direction of the substrate. According to some embodiments of the disclosure, by using a superlens that does not require an applied voltage, a touch sensing layer can not be disposed at the top and can be disposed between the emission layer and the window member, which can reduce the difficulty of the manufacturing process.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0143780, filed on October 21, 2024, with the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to a display device and an electronic device including the display device. Background Technology

[0003] With the advancement of communication technologies and media, display devices are being used in an increasing number of electronic devices to display images in many types of places and environments. For example, various types of display devices, such as liquid crystal display (LCD) devices and organic light-emitting diode (OLED) devices, are widely used.

[0004] A three-dimensional (3D) image display device has recently been developed to provide segmented images of the display device in the space in front of the device using a lens array. The 3D image display device displays left-eye and right-eye images separately to provide a 3D visual experience to the viewer using binocular parallax. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a display device and an electronic device including the display device, which can display 3D images without the need for a liquid crystal lens to apply voltage, and can switch between 2D mode and 3D mode.

[0006] According to embodiments of this disclosure, a display device includes a substrate. A plurality of light-emitting regions, including a plurality of light-emitting elements, are disposed on the substrate. A pixel-defining layer defines the plurality of light-emitting regions. An encapsulation layer is disposed on the plurality of light-emitting elements and the pixel-defining layer. A superlens layer is disposed on the encapsulation layer and includes a plurality of superlenses. The plurality of superlenses are stacked with some of the plurality of light-emitting regions in the thickness direction of the substrate.

[0007] In an embodiment, multiple superlenses may not overlap with others in the multiple light-emitting regions in the thickness direction of the substrate.

[0008] In an embodiment, the plurality of light-emitting regions may include: a plurality of first light-emitting regions emitting light of a first color; a plurality of second light-emitting regions emitting light of a second color; and a plurality of third light-emitting regions emitting light of a third color. The first color, the second color, and the third color are different from each other.

[0009] In an embodiment, the plurality of superlenses may include: a first superlens, which is superimposed on one of a plurality of first light-emitting regions in the thickness direction of the substrate and refracts light of a first color; a second superlens, which is superimposed on one of a plurality of second light-emitting regions in the thickness direction of the substrate and refracts light of a second color; and a third superlens, which is superimposed on one of a plurality of third light-emitting regions in the thickness direction of the substrate and refracts light of a third color.

[0010] In an embodiment, the first superlens may include a first nanostructure having a first spacing, a first width, and a first height, and the second superlens may include a second nanostructure having a second spacing, a second width, and a second height. The first nanostructure may have a different nanostructure than the second nanostructure.

[0011] In an embodiment, the third superlens may include a third nanostructure having a third spacing, a third width, and a third height. The third nanostructure may have a different nanostructure from the first and second nanostructures.

[0012] In one embodiment, the plurality of superlenses may include a first superlens, a second superlens, and a third superlens superimposed on one of a plurality of first light-emitting regions, one of a plurality of second light-emitting regions, and one of a plurality of third light-emitting regions in the thickness direction of the substrate. The first superlens, the second superlens, and the third superlens may be superimposed on each other in the thickness direction of the substrate.

[0013] In an embodiment, the first superlens may include a fourth nanostructure having a fourth spacing, a fourth width, and a fourth height; the second superlens may include a fifth nanostructure having a fifth spacing, a fifth width, and a fifth height; and the third superlens may include a sixth nanostructure having a sixth spacing, a sixth width, and a sixth height. The fourth to sixth nanostructures may be stacked on top of each other in the thickness direction of the substrate.

[0014] In the embodiments, the fourth nanostructure, the fifth nanostructure, and the sixth nanostructure may have different nanostructures from each other.

[0015] In this embodiment, each of the plurality of first light-emitting regions may include a plurality of first sub-light-emitting regions, and each of the plurality of second light-emitting regions may include a plurality of second sub-light-emitting regions. The plurality of first sub-light-emitting regions may be arranged adjacent to each other in a first direction parallel to the upper surface of the substrate, and the plurality of second sub-light-emitting regions may be arranged adjacent to each other in the first direction. The plurality of first sub-light-emitting regions and the plurality of second sub-light-emitting regions are arranged alternately in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and parallel to the upper surface of the substrate.

[0016] In an embodiment, the plurality of superlenses may include: a first superlens superimposed on one of a plurality of first sub-emitting regions in the thickness direction of the substrate; and a second superlens superimposed on one of a plurality of second sub-emitting regions in the thickness direction of the substrate.

[0017] In an embodiment, at least one first sub-light-emitting region or at least one second sub-light-emitting region may be disposed between the first superlens and the second superlens in a first direction.

[0018] In one embodiment, the first superlens and the second superlens may be adjacent to each other in the second direction.

[0019] In an embodiment, the distance between adjacent first and second superlenses in the first direction may be greater than the distance between adjacent first and second superlenses in the second direction.

[0020] In one embodiment, the display device may further include a color filter layer comprising a color filter and a black matrix disposed on the encapsulation layer. Multiple superlenses may be stacked with the color filter in the thickness direction of the substrate.

[0021] In one embodiment, the edges of the plurality of superlenses may be superimposed on the pixel-defining layer in the thickness direction of the substrate.

[0022] In one embodiment, the display device may further include a touch sensing layer disposed on the encapsulation layer and including touch electrodes. The edges of the plurality of superlenses may overlap with the edges of the touch electrodes in the thickness direction of the substrate.

[0023] In one embodiment, the display device may further include a touch sensing layer disposed on the encapsulation layer and including touch electrodes. Multiple superlenses may not overlap with the touch electrodes in the thickness direction of the substrate.

[0024] In some embodiments, the display device may further include a polarizing member disposed on the encapsulation layer.

[0025] In one embodiment, the polarizing element can be directly disposed on the surface of the superlens layer.

[0026] In an embodiment, the polarizing member may be spaced apart from the superlens layer and not in direct contact with the superlens layer.

[0027] In one embodiment, the display device may further include a touch sensing layer disposed on the encapsulation layer. A polarizing member may be disposed between the touch sensing layer and the superlens layer in the thickness direction of the substrate.

[0028] In one embodiment, the display device may further include a touch sensing layer disposed on the encapsulation layer. A superlens layer may be disposed between the touch sensing layer and the polarizing member in the thickness direction of the substrate.

[0029] The display device may also include a touch sensing layer disposed between the superlens layer and the polarizing member.

[0030] According to embodiments of this disclosure, an electronic device includes a display device. The display device includes a substrate. A plurality of light-emitting regions, including a plurality of light-emitting elements, are disposed on the substrate. A pixel-defining layer defines the plurality of light-emitting regions. An encapsulation layer is disposed on the plurality of light-emitting elements and the pixel-defining layer. A superlens layer is disposed on the encapsulation layer and includes a plurality of superlenses. The plurality of superlenses may be stacked with some of the plurality of light-emitting regions in the thickness direction of the substrate.

[0031] These and other aspects, embodiments, and advantages of this disclosure will immediately become apparent to those skilled in the art upon review of the detailed description and claims.

[0032] Previously, existing 3D display devices switched between 2D and 3D modes by applying power to a liquid crystal lens. However, this resulted in a decrease in the sensitivity of the touch panel. In view of the above, according to some embodiments of this disclosure, the problem of decreased sensitivity of the touch sensing layer can be solved by using a superlens that does not require the application of voltage instead of the liquid crystal lens previously used for displaying 3D images.

[0033] Previously, existing 3D display devices required the application of voltage to switch between 2D and 3D modes. Therefore, a touch sensing layer had to be located at the top. Conversely, according to some embodiments of this disclosure, by using a superlens that does not require the application of voltage instead of the liquid crystal lens previously used for displaying 3D images, the touch sensing layer can be located away from the top and can be positioned between the emitting layer and the window member, which reduces the difficulty of the manufacturing process.

[0034] It should be noted that the effects of this disclosure are not limited to those described above, and other effects of this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The above and other aspects and features of this disclosure will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 2 This illustrates an embodiment according to the present disclosure. Figure 1 A view of the layout of area A.

[0038] Figure 3 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 2 A sectional view taken by line I-I'.

[0039] Figure 4 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 2 A sectional view taken by line M-M'.

[0040] Figure 5 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 2 A sectional view taken by line N-N'.

[0041] Figure 6 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 2 A sectional view taken by line I-I'.

[0042] Figure 7 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 2 A sectional view taken by line I-I'.

[0043] Figure 8 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 2 A sectional view taken by line I-I'.

[0044] Figure 9 This illustrates an embodiment according to the present disclosure. Figure 1 A view of the layout of area A.

[0045] Figure 10 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 9 A sectional view taken by line O-O'.

[0046] Figure 11 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 9 A sectional view taken by line J-J'.

[0047] Figure 12 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 9 A sectional view taken by line J-J'.

[0048] Figure 13 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 9 A sectional view taken by line J-J'.

[0049] Figure 14 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 9 A sectional view taken by line J-J'.

[0050] Figure 15 This is a perspective view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] Figure 16 According to embodiments of this disclosure Figure 15 A side view of the display device.

[0052] Figure 17 This specifically illustrates embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 16 The layout diagram of the touch sensing layer.

[0053] Figure 18 This is a detailed illustration of embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 17 The layout diagram of area B.

[0054] Figure 19 This is a detailed illustration of embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 17 The layout diagram of area B.

[0055] Figure 20 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 19 A sectional view taken by line K-K'.

[0056] Figure 21 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 19 A sectional view taken by line K-K'.

[0057] Figure 22 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 19 A sectional view taken by line K-K'.

[0058] Figure 23 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 19 A sectional view taken by line K-K'.

[0059] Figure 24 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 19 A sectional view taken by line K-K'.

[0060] Figure 25 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 19 A sectional view taken by line K-K'.

[0061] Figure 26 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 19 A sectional view taken by line K-K'.

[0062] Figure 27 This is a detailed illustration of embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 17 The layout diagram of area B.

[0063] Figure 28 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 27 A sectional view taken by line L-L'.

[0064] Figure 29 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 27 A sectional view taken by line L-L'.

[0065] Figure 30 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 27 A sectional view taken by line L-L'.

[0066] Figure 31 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 27 A sectional view taken by line L-L'.

[0067] Figure 32 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 27 A sectional view taken by line L-L'.

[0068] Figure 33 The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is along Figure 27 A sectional view taken by line L-L'.

[0069] Figure 34 This is a diagram illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0070] This disclosure will now be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which non-limiting embodiments of the disclosure are illustrated. However, this disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0071] It will also be understood that when a layer is referred to as "on" another layer or substrate, the layer may be directly on said other layer or substrate, or an intermediary layer may be present. When a layer is referred to as "directly on" another layer or substrate, an intermediary layer may not be present. Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals denote the same components.

[0072] It will be understood that although the terms “first,” “second,” etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the teachings of this disclosure, the first element discussed below may be referred to as the second element. Similarly, the second element may also be referred to as the first element.

[0073] Each of the features in the various embodiments of this disclosure can be combined, either partially or entirely, or with each other, and various interlocks and drives are technically possible. Each embodiment can be implemented independently of each other or can be implemented together in association.

[0074] In the following description, non-limiting embodiments will be illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0075] This disclosure relates to a display device comprising a superlens layer superimposed only on a portion of a light-emitting region. In 3D mode, only light emitted from that portion of the light-emitting region is refracted by the superlens and propagates to (one or more) view areas. Therefore, the images displayed in different view areas differ to provide a 3D image to the viewer.

[0076] Display devices incorporating superlenses can display 3D images without requiring voltage to switch between 2D and 3D modes, which provides increased sensitivity for the touch-sensing layer. The touch-sensing layer can be omitted from the top of the display device to increase manufacturing efficiency.

[0077] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0078] Reference Figure 1 The display device 10 can display at least one still image and / or moving image. In embodiments, the display device 10 can be used as a display screen for portable electronic devices (such as mobile phones, smartphones, tablet PCs, smartwatches, watch phones, mobile communication terminals, e-notebooks, e-book readers, portable multimedia players (PMPs), navigation devices, and ultra-mobile PCs (UMPCs)) and for various electronic devices (such as televisions, laptops, monitors, billboards, and Internet of Things (IoT) devices). However, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to this, and the electronic devices for which the display device 10 can be applied can be various small, medium, or large-sized electronic devices. In embodiments, the display device 10 can be one of an organic light-emitting display device, a liquid crystal display device, a plasma display device, a quantum dot light-emitting display device, and a micro-LED display device. In the following description, organic light-emitting display devices are described as examples of the display device 10. However, it will be understood that embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to this.

[0079] The display device 10 includes a display panel 100, a display driver circuit 200, and a circuit board 300.

[0080] The display panel 100 may include a main area MA and a sub-area SBA extending from one side of the main area MA.

[0081] In an embodiment, the main region MA can be formed as a rectangular plane having a shorter side in a first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) and a longer side in a second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction) intersecting the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction). Each of the corners where the shorter side in the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) intersects the longer side in the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction) can be a rounded corner with a predetermined curvature, or it can be a right angle. When viewed from above, the shape of the display device 10 is not limited to a quadrilateral shape, but can be formed as another polygonal shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, etc.

[0082] The main region MA may, but is not limited to, being formed as a flat surface. In embodiments, the main region MA may include curved portions formed at its left and right ends. The curved portions may have a predetermined curvature. Furthermore, the main region MA may be partially or entirely flexible or foldable.

[0083] The main region MA may include (for example, in a plan view) a display area DA in which pixels are formed to display an image and a non-display area NDA surrounding the display area DA.

[0084] In addition to pixels, scan lines, data lines, and power lines connected to the pixels can also be provided in the display area DA. In embodiments where the main area MA includes a curved portion, the display area DA can be provided on the curved portion. In this embodiment, the image of the display panel 100 can also be seen on the curved portion.

[0085] The non-display area NDA can be defined (for example, in a plan view) as the area extending from the outer edge of the display area DA to the edge of the display panel 100. Within the non-display area NDA, a scan driver for applying scan signals to the scan lines and connection lines connecting the data lines to the display driver circuit 200 can be provided.

[0086] The subregion SBA may protrude from one side of the main region MA. For example, in an embodiment, the subregion SBA may protrude from the main region MA in the opposite direction to the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction). The length of the subregion SBA in the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) may be less than the length of the main region MA in the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction).

[0087] The display driver circuit 200 and circuit board 300 can be set in the sub-region SBA.

[0088] The display driver circuit 200 can output signals and voltages for driving the display panel 100. For example, the display driver circuit 200 can apply data voltages to data lines. Furthermore, the display driver circuit 200 can apply power supply voltages to power lines and apply scan control signals to the scan driver. In embodiments, the display driver circuit 200 can be implemented as an integrated circuit (IC) and can be mounted on the display panel 10 using chip-on-glass (COG) technology, chip-on-plastic (COP) technology, or ultrasonic bonding. However, it will be understood that the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to these. For example, the display driver circuit 200 can be mounted on a circuit board 300.

[0089] In this embodiment, the circuit board 300 may be attached to the display panel 100 using an anisotropic conductive film. Therefore, the leads of the circuit board 300 can be electrically connected to the display panel 100. The circuit board 300 may be a flexible printed circuit board, a rigid printed circuit board, or a flexible film such as a chip-on-film.

[0090] Figure 2 It is shown Figure 1 A view of the layout of area A.

[0091] Reference Figure 2 Pixel PX may include a first emitting region EA1 that emits light of a first color, a second emitting region EA2 that emits light of a second color, and a third emitting region EA3 that emits light of a third color. For example, in an embodiment, the first color may be red, the second color may be green, and the third color may be blue. However, the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited to this.

[0092] In an embodiment, a single pixel PX may include two first luminescent regions EA1, two second luminescent regions EA2, and two third luminescent regions EA3. For example, the first luminescent regions EA1, EA2, and EA3 located on the left side may emit light during the 2D image display period. The first luminescent regions EA1, EA2, and EA3 located on the right side may emit light during the 3D image display period.

[0093] The first luminescent region EA1 and the second luminescent region EA2 can be adjacent to each other (e.g., directly adjacent) in a first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction). The first luminescent region EA1 and the second luminescent region EA2 can be adjacent to each other (e.g., directly adjacent) in a second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction). The second luminescent region EA2 and the third luminescent region EA3 can be adjacent to each other (e.g., directly adjacent) in a first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction). The second luminescent region EA2 and the third luminescent region EA3 can be adjacent to each other (e.g., directly adjacent) in a second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction). The third luminescent region EA3 and the first luminescent region EA1 can be adjacent to each other (e.g., directly adjacent) in a first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction). The third luminescent region EA3 and the first luminescent region EA1 can be adjacent to each other (e.g., directly adjacent) in a second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction).

[0094] When viewed from above, each of the first light-emitting areas EA1 to the third light-emitting areas EA3 may have, but is not limited to, a rectangular shape. In an embodiment, when viewed from above, each of the first light-emitting areas EA1 to the third light-emitting areas EA3 may have a polygonal shape (such as a rhombus), a circular shape, an elliptical shape, etc.

[0095] For example, in an embodiment, the dimensions (e.g., area in a plan view) of the first light-emitting region EA1, the second light-emitting region EA2, and the third light-emitting region EA3 may all be equal to each other. However, it should be understood that the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the dimensions of the first light-emitting region EA1, the second light-emitting region EA2, and the third light-emitting region EA3 may be different from each other.

[0096] Figure 3 It is along the display device Figure 2 A sectional view taken by line I-I'.

[0097] Reference Figure 3 In an embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL) disposed on the substrate SUB, a light-emitting element layer (EML), a packaging layer (TFE), a color filter layer (CFL), a superlens layer (MLL), and a window member (WN).

[0098] In embodiments, the substrate SUB may be made of an insulating material such as glass, quartz, and polymer resin. Alternatively, the substrate SUB may include a metallic material. The substrate SUB may be a rigid substrate or a flexible substrate that can be bent, folded, rolled, or otherwise deformed. In embodiments where the substrate SUB is a flexible substrate, the substrate SUB may be formed of, but is not necessarily limited to, polyimide (PI).

[0099] The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on the substrate SUB (e.g., directly disposed on the substrate SUB in the Z-axis direction). The TFTL may include a thin-film transistor TR for each pixel PX, a connection electrode CE, and multiple insulating films.

[0100] In an embodiment, each of the thin-film transistors (TR) includes a channel (TCH), a source electrode (TS), a drain electrode (TD), and a gate electrode (TG). The channel (TCH), source electrode (TS), and drain electrode (TD) may be disposed on a substrate (SUB) (e.g., directly disposed on the substrate (SUB) in the Z-axis direction).

[0101] The gate insulator 150 can be disposed on the channel TCH, source electrode TS, and drain electrode TD (e.g., directly disposed on the channel TCH, source electrode TS, and drain electrode TD). In an embodiment, the gate insulator 150 can be formed as an inorganic insulating film, such as silicon nitride (SiN). x ) membrane, silicon dioxide (SiO) x ) membrane, silicon oxynitride (SiON) membrane, titanium dioxide (TiO2) membrane x ) film or alumina (AlO) x )membrane.

[0102] The gate electrode TG can be disposed on the gate insulator 150 (e.g., directly disposed on the gate insulator 150 in the Z-axis direction). The gate electrode TG can be stacked with the channel TCH in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). In embodiments, the gate electrode GT can be made of a single layer or multiple layers of one of molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd), and copper (Cu) or alloys thereof.

[0103] An interlayer dielectric film 160 may be disposed on the gate electrode TG and the gate insulator 150 (e.g., directly disposed on the gate electrode TG and the gate insulator 150). In embodiments, the interlayer dielectric film 160 may be formed of an inorganic layer (e.g., a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, a silicon oxide layer, a titanium oxide layer, or an aluminum oxide layer). The interlayer dielectric film 160 may include multiple inorganic films.

[0104] The connection electrode CE can be disposed on the interlayer dielectric film 160 (e.g., directly disposed on the interlayer dielectric film 160 in the Z-axis direction). In an embodiment, the connection electrode CE can be connected to the drain electrode TD through a first contact hole CT1 penetrating the gate insulator 150 and the interlayer dielectric film 160. In an embodiment, the connection electrode CE can be made of a single layer or multiple layers of one or an alloy of molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd), and copper (Cu).

[0105] A protective film 180 may be disposed on the connecting electrode CE and the interlayer dielectric film 160 (e.g., directly disposed on the connecting electrode CE and the interlayer dielectric film 160) to provide a flat surface over the thin-film transistor TR and protect the thin-film transistor TR. In embodiments, the protective film 180 may be made of a single layer or multiple layers of one or an alloy of molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd), and copper (Cu).

[0106] The light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) (e.g., directly disposed on the TFTL in the Z-axis direction). The EML can be disposed in the display area DA of the main area MA. In an embodiment, the EML includes light-emitting elements (LELs) disposed in the first light-emitting areas EA1 to the third light-emitting areas EA3 and a pixel defining layer 190 defining the first light-emitting areas EA1 to the third light-emitting areas EA3. Each of the light-emitting elements (LELs) includes a pixel electrode 171, an emitting layer 172, and a common electrode 173.

[0107] In an embodiment, the pixel electrode layer may be disposed on the protective film 180 (e.g., directly disposed on the protective film 180 in the Z-axis direction). The pixel electrode layer includes a pixel electrode 171. In an embodiment, the pixel electrode 171 may be connected to the connection electrode CE through a second contact hole CT2 penetrating the protective film 180. In an embodiment, in the top emitting structure in which light is emitted from the emitting layer 172 toward the common electrode 173, the pixel electrode 171 may be made of a single layer of molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), copper (Cu), or aluminum (Al), or may be made of a stacked structure of aluminum and titanium (Ti / Al / Ti), a stacked structure of aluminum and ITO (ITO / Al / ITO), an APC alloy, or a stacked structure of APC alloy and ITO (ITO / APC / ITO) to increase reflectivity. The APC alloy is an alloy of silver (Ag), palladium (Pd), and copper (Cu).

[0108] A pixel defining layer 190 may be disposed on a portion of pixel electrode 171 (e.g., directly disposed on a portion of pixel electrode 171). The pixel defining layer 190 may define light-emitting regions EA1 to EA3 of pixel PX. The pixel defining layer 190 may be formed on protective film 180 and may include an opening exposing a portion of pixel electrode 171. For example, the pixel defining layer 190 may cover the edge of pixel electrode 171, and the opening may expose the central portion of pixel electrode 171. In embodiments, the pixel defining layer 190 may be formed of an organic layer such as acrylic resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyamide resin, and polyimide resin.

[0109] The common electrode 173 may be disposed on the pixel defining layer 190 and the emission layer 172 (e.g., in the Z-axis direction). The common electrode 173 may be formed to cover the emission layer 172. In an embodiment, the common electrode 173 may be a common layer formed throughout the light-emitting regions EA1 to EA3.

[0110] The encapsulation layer TFE can be disposed on the light-emitting element layer EML (e.g., directly disposed on the light-emitting element layer EML in the Z-axis direction). The encapsulation layer TFE can be disposed in the display area DA and the non-display area NDA of the main area MA. In an embodiment, the encapsulation layer TFE may include at least one inorganic film and at least one organic film for encapsulating the light-emitting element layer EML.

[0111] For example, in an embodiment, the encapsulation layer TFE may include a first inorganic encapsulation layer TFE1 and a second inorganic encapsulation layer TFE3 for preventing oxygen or moisture from penetrating into the light-emitting element layer EML. The first inorganic encapsulation layer TFE1 and the second inorganic encapsulation layer TFE3 may be, but are not limited to, a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, a silicon oxide layer, a titanium oxide layer, or an aluminum oxide layer.

[0112] Furthermore, the encapsulation layer TFE may include a first organic encapsulation layer TFE2 that protects the light-emitting element layer EML from particles such as dust. The first organic encapsulation layer TFE2 may (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) be disposed between the first inorganic encapsulation layer TFE1 and the second inorganic encapsulation layer TFE3. The first organic encapsulation layer TFE2 may be, but is not limited to, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyamide resin, polyimide resin, etc.

[0113] The color filter layer CFL can be disposed on the encapsulation layer TFE (e.g., directly disposed on the encapsulation layer TFE in the Z-axis direction). The color filter layer CFL can be disposed in the display area DA of the main area MA. The color filter layer CFL can transmit light emitted from the light-emitting element layer EML. The color filter layer CFL includes a first color filter CF1 to a third color filter CF3 and a black matrix BM.

[0114] A first color filter CF1 can transmit light of a first color. The first color filter CF1 can be superimposed (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) with a first emitting region EA1 that emits light of the first color. A second color filter CF2 can transmit light of a second color. The second color filter CF2 can be superimposed (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) with a second emitting region EA2 that emits light of the second color. A third color filter CF3 can transmit light of a third color. The third color filter CF3 can be superimposed (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) with a third emitting region EA3 that emits light of the third color.

[0115] The black matrix BM can be disposed between the first color filter CF1 and the third color filter CF3, and can be arranged in the X-axis direction. The black matrix BM can be (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) superimposed on the pixel defining layer 190. The edges of the black matrix BM can be (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) superimposed on the edges of the first light-emitting regions EA1 to the third light-emitting regions EA3, or can be (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) not superimposed on the edges of the first light-emitting regions EA1 to the third light-emitting regions EA3.

[0116] A superlens layer MLL can be disposed on a color filter layer CFL (e.g., directly disposed on the color filter layer CFL in the Z-axis direction). The superlens layer MLL can be disposed in the display area DA of the main area MA. The superlens layer MLL can refract light emitted from the light-emitting element layer EML. In embodiments, the superlens layer MLL may include a substrate SSUB and first superlenses ML1 to third superlenses ML3. According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the substrate SSUB of the superlens layer MLL may not be included in the superlens layer MLL.

[0117] The substrate SSUB can be disposed on the color filter layer CFL (e.g., directly disposed on the color filter layer CFL in the Z-axis direction). In embodiments, the substrate SSUB may comprise a light-transmitting glass, plastic, or polymer material.

[0118] First superlens ML1 to third superlens ML3 can be disposed on a substrate SSUB. First superlens ML1 can refract light of a first color. First superlens ML1 can be superimposed (e.g., in the thickness direction of the substrate SUB, such as the Z-axis) with some of the first emitting regions EA1 that emit light of the first color. Second superlens ML2 can refract light of a second color. Second superlens ML2 can be superimposed (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) with some of the second emitting regions EA2 that emit light of the second color. Third superlens ML3 can refract light of a third color. Third superlens ML3 can be superimposed (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) with some of the third emitting regions EA3 that emit light of the third color.

[0119] In an embodiment, each of the first superlens ML1 to the third superlens ML3 may include a nanostructure whose size is smaller than the wavelength of the light it transmits. The nanostructure may have various shapes, such as cylindrical, rectangular, and cross-shaped. For example, the nanostructure may have a cylindrical shape with an isotropic refractive index.

[0120] For example, a first superlens ML1 may include a first nanostructure having a first spacing, a first width, and a first height. A second superlens ML2 may include a second nanostructure having a second spacing, a second width, and a second height. A third superlens ML3 may include a third nanostructure having a third spacing, a third width, and a third height. In embodiments, the first, second, and third nanostructures may have different nanostructures from each other.

[0121] For example, in embodiments, the nanostructure may include at least one of the following: titanium dioxide (TiO2), silicon dioxide (SiO2), silicon nitride (Si3N4), silicon oxynitride (SiON), silver (Ag), and aluminum (Al). For example, the refractive index of the nanostructure may be in the range of about 1.8 to about 2.0.

[0122] The superlens layer MLL may further include a filler FL disposed between the nanostructures of the first superlens ML1 to the third superlens ML3 and between the substrate SSUB and the window member WN. In embodiments, the filler FL may include acrylic resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyamide resin, polyimide resin, etc. The refractive index of the filler FL may be lower than the refractive index of the first superlens ML1 to the third superlens ML3. For example, in embodiments, the refractive index of the filler FL may be in, but is not necessarily limited to, the range of about 1.4 to about 1.6.

[0123] The window member WN can be disposed on the superlens layer MLL (e.g., directly disposed on the superlens layer MLL in the Z-axis direction). The window member WN can protect the upper part of the display panel 100. In an embodiment, the window member WN can be attached to the superlens layer MLL by a transparent adhesive member such as an optically transparent adhesive (OCA) film and an optically transparent resin (OCR). The window member WN can be an inorganic material such as glass or an organic material such as plastic or polymer.

[0124] Figure 4 It is along the display device Figure 2 A sectional view taken by line M-M'. Figure 5 It is along the display device Figure 2 A sectional view taken by line N-N'.

[0125] Figure 4 An example of the operation of the display panel 100 during a 3D image display period is shown. Figure 5 An example of the operation of the display panel 100 during a 2D image display period is shown.

[0126] The light emitted from the display panel 100 can propagate toward at least one of multiple view areas. Although in Figure 4 and Figure 5Only the first view area V1 and the second view area V2 are shown as examples, but it will be understood that the number of view areas is not limited to two.

[0127] Reference Figure 4 In this embodiment, one of the plurality of first emitting regions EA1 can emit light of a first color during the 3D image display period. One of the plurality of second emitting regions EA2 can emit light of a second color during the 3D image display period. One of the plurality of third emitting regions EA3 can emit light of a third color during the 3D image display period.

[0128] In one embodiment, during the 3D image display period, light of a first color output from one of the first light-emitting regions EA1 can pass through a first color filter CF1 that transmits the first color light. The light passing through the first color filter CF1 can be refracted by a first superlens ML1. In this way, during the 3D image display period, light output from one of the first light-emitting regions EA1 can propagate to the first view region V1.

[0129] In this embodiment, during the 3D image display period, light of a second color output from one of the second light-emitting regions EA2 can pass through a second color filter CF2 that transmits the second color light. The light passing through the second color filter CF2 can be refracted by a second superlens ML2. In this way, during the 3D image display period, light output from one of the second light-emitting regions EA2 can propagate to the first view region V1.

[0130] In this embodiment, during the 3D image display period, light of a third color output from one of the third light-emitting regions EA3 can pass through a third color filter CF3 that transmits the third color light. The light passing through the third color filter CF3 can be refracted by a third superlens ML3. In this way, during the 3D image display period, light output from one of the third light-emitting regions EA3 can propagate to the first view region V1.

[0131] In the first view region V1, light emitted from one of the first light-emitting regions EA1, one of the second light-emitting regions EA2, and one of the third light-emitting regions EA3 is observed. On the other hand, in the second view region V2, light emitted from one of the first light-emitting regions EA1, one of the second light-emitting regions EA2, and one of the third light-emitting regions EA3 is not observed. Therefore, there is a difference between the image provided to the first view region V1 and the image provided to the second view region V2, enabling the display device 10 of this disclosure to display a 3D image.

[0132] exist Figure 4In the example shown, light emitted from a first emitting region EA1, a second emitting region EA2, and a third emitting region EA3 propagates to the first view region V1. This is an example where the first emitting region EA1, the second emitting region EA2, and the third emitting region EA3 are included in the same pixel PX. It will be noted that, according to this embodiment, during the 3D image display period, not all light emitted from all pixels PX propagates to the first view region V1. Figure 4 The light output from other pixels PX (not shown) can propagate to the second view area V2.

[0133] Reference Figure 5 One of the multiple first luminescent regions EA1 can emit light of a first color during the 2D image display period. Another of the multiple second luminescent regions EA2 can emit light of a second color during the 2D image display period. Another of the multiple third luminescent regions EA3 can emit light of a third color during the 2D image display period.

[0134] In this embodiment, during the 2D image display period, light of the first color output from another source in the first light-emitting region EA1 can pass through a first color filter CF1 that transmits the first color light. Light passing through the first color filter CF1 can propagate to both the first view region V1 and the second view region V2 without passing through the superlenses ML1 to ML3.

[0135] In this embodiment, during the 2D image display period, light of the second color output from another source in the second light-emitting region EA2 can pass through the second color filter CF2, which transmits the second color light. The light passing through the second color filter CF2 can propagate to both the first view region V1 and the second view region V2 without passing through the superlenses ML1 to ML3.

[0136] In this embodiment, during the 2D image display period, light of a third color output from another source in the third emitting region EA3 can pass through the third color filter CF3, which transmits the third color light. The light passing through the third color filter CF3 can propagate to both the first view region V1 and the second view region V2 without passing through the superlenses ML1 to ML3.

[0137] In both the first view region V1 and the second view region V2, light emitted from another first light-emitting region EA1, another second light-emitting region EA2, and another third light-emitting region EA3 is observed. Therefore, the image provided to the first view region V1 is the same as the image provided to the second view region V2, enabling the display device 10 of this disclosure to display a 2D image.

[0138] Figure 6 It is along the display device Figure 2 The sectional view is taken from line I-I'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0139] In an embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL) disposed on the substrate SUB, a light-emitting element layer (EML), a packaging layer (TFE), a superlens layer (MLL), a color filter layer (CFL), and a window member (WN).

[0140] The detailed structure of the substrate SUB, thin-film transistor layer (TFTL), light-emitting element layer (EML), superlens layer (MLL), color filter layer (CFL), and window component (WN) can be found in the reference above. Figure 3 The detailed structures of the substrate SUB, thin film transistor layer TFTL, light-emitting element layer EML, superlens layer MLL, color filter layer CFL, and window member WN are the same.

[0141] Reference Figure 6 The substrate SSUB of the superlens layer MLL can be disposed on the encapsulation layer TFE (e.g., directly disposed on the encapsulation layer TFE in the Z-axis direction). The first superlens ML1 to the third superlens ML3 can be disposed on the substrate SSUB (e.g., directly disposed on the substrate SSUB in the Z-axis direction).

[0142] The first superlens ML1 may be superimposed on one of the first light-emitting regions EA1 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). The edge of the first superlens ML1 may be superimposed on the pixel-defining layer 190 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction).

[0143] The second superlens ML2 may be superimposed on one of the second light-emitting regions EA2 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). The second superlens ML2 may be adjacent to the first superlens ML1 in a first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) (e.g., directly adjacent to the first superlens ML1). The second light-emitting region EA2 superimposed on the second superlens ML2 may be included in the same pixel PX as the first light-emitting region EA1 superimposed on the adjacent first superlens ML1. The edge of the second superlens ML2 may be superimposed on the pixel defining layer 190 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction).

[0144] The third superlens ML3 may be superimposed on one of the third light-emitting regions EA3 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). The third superlens ML3 may be adjacent to the second superlens ML2 in a first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) (e.g., directly adjacent to the second superlens ML2). The third light-emitting region EA3 superimposed on the third superlens ML3 may be included in the same pixel PX as the second light-emitting region EA2, which is superimposed on the second superlens ML2 adjacent to the third superlens ML3. The edge of the third superlens ML3 may be superimposed on the pixel defining layer 190 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction).

[0145] In an embodiment, the superlens layer MLL may be filled with a filler FL. The filler FL may be disposed between the first superlens ML1 and the second superlens ML2, between the second superlens ML2 and the third superlens ML3, between the third superlens ML3 and the first superlens ML1, and between the nanostructures of each of the superlenses ML1 to ML3.

[0146] The color filter layer CFL can be disposed on the filler FL of the superlens layer MLL (e.g., directly disposed on the filler FL of the superlens layer MLL in the Z-axis direction). In an embodiment, the color filter layer CFL may include a plurality of first color filters CF1, a plurality of second color filters CF2, a plurality of third color filters CF3, and a black matrix BM disposed between the plurality of first color filters CF1 to third color filters CF3 and arranged in the X-axis direction.

[0147] One of the multiple first color filters CF1 may be superimposed on the first superlens ML1 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). One first color filter CF1 may be superimposed on the first light-emitting region EA1 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction).

[0148] Another of the multiple first color filters CF1 may not be superimposed on the first superlens ML1 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). Another first color filter CF1 may be superimposed on the first emitting region EA1 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction).

[0149] One of the multiple second color filters CF2 can be superimposed on the second superlens ML2 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). A second color filter CF2 can also be superimposed on the second emitting region EA2 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction).

[0150] Another of the multiple second color filters CF2 may not be superimposed on the second superlens ML2 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). Another second color filter CF2 may be superimposed on the second emitting region EA2 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction).

[0151] One of the multiple third color filters CF3 can be superimposed on the third superlens ML3 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). A third color filter CF3 can be superimposed on the third emitting region EA3 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction).

[0152] Another of the multiple third color filters CF3 may not be superimposed on the third superlens ML3 in the third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). Another third color filter CF3 may be superimposed on the third emitting region EA3 in the third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction).

[0153] Window component WN can be set on color filter layer CFL (e.g., directly on color filter layer CFL in the Z-axis direction).

[0154] Figure 7 It is along the display device Figure 2 The sectional view is taken from line I-I'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0155] Reference Figure 7 In an embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL) disposed on the substrate SUB, a light-emitting element layer (EML), a packaging layer (TFE), a polarizing member (POL), a superlens layer (MLL), and a window member (WN).

[0156] The detailed structure of the substrate SUB, thin-film transistor layer (TFTL), light-emitting element layer (EML), encapsulation layer (TFE), superlens layer (MLL), and window component (WN) can be found in the above reference. Figure 3 The detailed structures of the substrate SUB, thin film transistor layer TFTL, light-emitting element layer EML, encapsulation layer TFE, superlens layer MLL, and window member WN are the same.

[0157] The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on the substrate (SUB) (e.g., directly disposed on the substrate (SUB) in the Z-axis direction), and the light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the TFTL (e.g., directly disposed on the TFTL in the Z-axis direction). The encapsulation layer (TFE) can be disposed on the EML (e.g., directly disposed on the EML in the Z-axis direction), and the polarizing member (POL) can be disposed on the TFE (e.g., directly disposed on the TFE in the Z-axis direction). The superlens layer (MLL) can be disposed on the POL (e.g., directly disposed on the POL in the Z-axis direction), and the window member (WN) can be disposed on the MML (e.g., directly disposed on the MML in the Z-axis direction).

[0158] In this embodiment, the lower surface of the polarizing member POL can be in direct contact with the encapsulation layer TFE. The upper surface of the polarizing member POL can be in direct contact with the superlens layer MLL. The polarizing member POL can transmit light vibrating in a specific direction and block light vibrating in a direction different from that direction. The polarizing member POL can prevent light propagating from the outside to the display panel 100 from being reflected.

[0159] Figure 8 It is along the display device Figure 2 The sectional view is taken from line I-I'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0160] Reference Figure 8 In an embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL) disposed on the substrate SUB, a light-emitting element layer (EML), a packaging layer (TFE), a superlens layer (MLL), a polarizing member (POL), and a window member (WN).

[0161] The detailed structure of the substrate SUB, thin-film transistor layer (TFTL), light-emitting element layer (EML), encapsulation layer (TFE), superlens layer (MLL), and window component (WN) can be found in the above reference. Figure 3 The detailed structures of the substrate SUB, thin-film transistor layer (TFTL), light-emitting element layer (EML), encapsulation layer (TFE), superlens layer (MLL), and window member (WN) are identical as described above. The polarization member (POL) can be referenced above. Figure 7 The polarization component POL described is the same.

[0162] Figure 8 Compared to Figure 7 The difference lies in the fact that the positions of the polarizing member POL and the superlens layer MLL are interchanged in the vertical direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). The polarizing member POL can be disposed on the superlens layer MLL (e.g., directly disposed on the superlens layer MLL in the Z-axis direction). In this way, the polarizing member POL can effectively reduce the reflection of light incident on the display panel 100 from the outside (e.g., the external environment).

[0163] Figure 9 It is shown Figure 1 A view of the layout of region A. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0164] Reference Figure 9 In an embodiment, pixel PX may include a first light-emitting region EA1, a second light-emitting region EA2, and a third light-emitting region EA3.

[0165] The first luminescent region EA1 may include multiple first sub-luminescent regions EA1_1 and EA1_2. The second luminescent region EA2 may include multiple second sub-luminescent regions EA2_1 and EA2_2. The third luminescent region EA3 may include multiple third sub-luminescent regions EA3_1 and EA3_2.

[0166] Within a single pixel PX, multiple first sub-emitting regions EA1_1 and EA1_2 can be adjacent to each other (e.g., directly adjacent to each other in a direction parallel to the upper surface of the substrate SUB, such as the Y-axis). Within a single pixel PX, multiple second sub-emitting regions EA2_1 and EA2_2 can be adjacent to each other (e.g., directly adjacent to each other in the Y-axis direction). Within a single pixel PX, multiple third sub-emitting regions EA3_1 and EA3_2 can be adjacent to each other (e.g., directly adjacent to each other in the Y-axis direction). Figure 9 In the example shown, two first sub-light-emitting regions EA1_1 and EA1_2 are adjacent to each other in a second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction), two second sub-light-emitting regions EA2_1 and EA2_2 are adjacent to each other in a second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction), and two third sub-light-emitting regions EA3_1 and EA3_2 are adjacent to each other in a second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction). The first sub-light-emitting regions EA1_1, EA2_1, and EA3_1 can be arranged alternately in an X-axis direction parallel to the upper surface of the substrate SUB and perpendicular to the Y-axis direction. The first sub-light-emitting regions EA1_2, EA2_2, and EA3_2 can be arranged alternately in an X-axis direction parallel to the upper surface of the substrate SUB and perpendicular to the Y-axis direction. However, it should be understood that the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to this.

[0167] In this embodiment, within a single pixel PX, one of the two first sub-emitting regions EA1_1 and EA1_2, EA1_1, can operate during the 2D image display period, while the other first sub-emitting region EA1_2 can operate during the 3D image display period. Similarly, within a single pixel PX, one of the two second sub-emitting regions EA2_1 and EA2_2, EA2_1, can operate during the 2D image display period, while the other second sub-emitting region EA2_2 can operate during the 3D image display period. Likewise, within a single pixel PX, one of the two third sub-emitting regions EA3_1 and EA3_2, EA3_1, can operate during the 2D image display period, while the other third sub-emitting region EA3_2 can operate during the 3D image display period.

[0168] and Figure 2In comparison, the width of each of the first sub-light-emitting regions EA1_1 and EA1_2, the second sub-light-emitting regions EA2_1 and EA2_2, and the third sub-light-emitting regions EA3_1 and EA3_2 can be less than [the width of each of these regions]. Figure 2 The widths of the first light-emitting region EA1, the second light-emitting region EA2, and the third light-emitting region EA3. For example, Figure 9 The sum of the widths (e.g., lengths in the Y-axis direction) of the two first sub-emitting regions EA1_1 and EA1_2 can be equal to or different from the sum of their widths. Figure 2 The width (e.g., length in the Y-axis direction) of a first luminescent region EA1. In this way, resolution degradation that occurs during both 2D and 3D image display periods can be prevented.

[0169] In an embodiment, the first light-emitting region EA1, the second light-emitting region EA2, and the third light-emitting region EA3 may be arranged repeatedly and sequentially in a first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction). The first light-emitting region EA1, the second light-emitting region EA2, and the third light-emitting region EA3 may be arranged repeatedly and sequentially in a second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction).

[0170] Figure 10 It is along the display device Figure 9 A sectional view taken along line O-O'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0171] Reference Figure 10 In an embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL) disposed on the substrate SUB, a light-emitting element layer (EML), a packaging layer (TFE), a color filter layer (CFL), a superlens layer (MLL), and a window member (WN).

[0172] The detailed structure of the substrate SUB, thin film transistor layer (TFTL), light-emitting element layer (EML), encapsulation layer (TFE), color filter layer (CFL), superlens layer (MLL), and window component (WN) can be found in the reference above. Figure 3 The detailed structures of the substrate SUB, thin film transistor layer TFTL, light-emitting element layer EML, encapsulation layer TFE, color filter layer CFL, superlens layer MLL, and window member WN are the same.

[0173] For a single pixel PX, the first superlens ML1, the second superlens ML2 and the third superlens ML3 can be adjacent to each other in a first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) (e.g., directly adjacent to each other).

[0174] The first superlens ML1 can be superimposed on the first color filter CF1 and another first sub-emitting region EA1_2 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). The second superlens ML2 can be superimposed on the second color filter CF2 and another second sub-emitting region EA2_2 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). The third superlens ML3 can be superimposed on the third color filter CF3 and another third sub-emitting region EA3_2 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction).

[0175] Figure 11 It is along the display device Figure 9 The sectional view is taken by line J-J'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0176] Reference Figure 11 In an embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL) disposed on the substrate SUB, a light-emitting element layer (EML), a packaging layer (TFE), a color filter layer (CFL), a superlens layer (MLL), and a window member (WN).

[0177] The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on the substrate (SUB) (e.g., directly disposed on the substrate (SUB) in the Z-axis direction), and the light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the TFTL (e.g., directly disposed on the TFTL in the Z-axis direction). The encapsulation layer (TFE) can be disposed on the EML (e.g., directly disposed on the EML in the Z-axis direction), and the color filter layer (CFL) can be disposed on the TFE (e.g., directly disposed on the TFE in the Z-axis direction). The superlens layer (MLL) can be disposed on the CFL (e.g., directly disposed on the CFL in the Z-axis direction), and the window member (WN) can be disposed on the MML (e.g., directly disposed on the MML in the Z-axis direction).

[0178] In this embodiment, multiple first sub-light-emitting regions EA1_1 and EA1_2 may be adjacent to each other (e.g., directly adjacent to each other) in a second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction). Multiple second sub-light-emitting regions EA2_1 and EA2_2 may be adjacent to each other (e.g., directly adjacent to each other) in a second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction). Multiple third sub-light-emitting regions EA3_1 and EA3_2 may be adjacent to each other (e.g., directly adjacent to each other) in a second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction).

[0179] Multiple first sub-emitting regions EA1_1 and EA1_2 can be superimposed on the first color filter CF1 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). The black matrix BM can be set between the first color filters CF1 and arranged in the Y-axis direction.

[0180] The first superlens ML1 can be superimposed on one of the first color filters CF1 and another first sub-emitting region EA1_2 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction).

[0181] Multiple second sub-emitting regions EA2_1 and EA2_2 can be superimposed on the second color filter CF2 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). The black matrix BM can be positioned between the second color filters CF2 (e.g., in the Y-axis direction).

[0182] The second superlens ML2 can be superimposed on one of the second color filters CF2 and another second sub-emitting region EA2_2 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction).

[0183] Multiple third sub-emitting regions EA3_1 and EA3_2 can be superimposed on the third color filter CF3 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). The black matrix BM can be positioned between the third color filters CF3 (e.g., in the Y-axis direction).

[0184] The third superlens ML3 can be superimposed on one of the third color filters CF3 and another third sub-emitting region EA3_2 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction).

[0185] and Figure 10 In contrast, the distance between the first superlens ML1 and the second superlens ML2 adjacent to the first superlens ML1 in the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) can be smaller than the distance between the first superlens ML1 and the second superlens ML2 adjacent to the first superlens ML1 in the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction).

[0186] The distance between the second superlens ML2 and the third superlens ML3 adjacent to the second superlens ML2 in the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) can be less than the distance between the second superlens ML2 and the third superlens ML3 adjacent to the second superlens ML2 in the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction).

[0187] In the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction), the second sub-light-emitting region EA2_1 can be disposed between the first superlens ML1 and the second superlens ML2 adjacent to the first superlens ML1.

[0188] In the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction), the third sub-light-emitting region EA3_1 can be set between the second superlens ML2 and the third superlens ML3 adjacent to the second superlens ML2.

[0189] Figure 12 It is along the display device Figure 9The sectional view is taken by line J-J'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0190] Reference Figure 12 In an embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL) disposed on the substrate SUB, a light-emitting element layer (EML), a packaging layer (TFE), a superlens layer (MLL), a color filter layer (CFL), and a window member (WN).

[0191] The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on the substrate (SUB) (e.g., directly disposed on the substrate (SUB) in the Z-axis direction), and the light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the TFTL (e.g., directly disposed on the TFTL in the Z-axis direction). The encapsulation layer (TFE) can be disposed on the EML (e.g., directly disposed on the EML in the Z-axis direction), and the superlens layer (MLL) can be disposed on the TFE (e.g., directly disposed on the MML in the Z-axis direction). The color filter layer (CFL) can be disposed on the MML (e.g., directly disposed on the MML in the Z-axis direction), and the window member (WN) can be disposed on the CFL (e.g., directly disposed on the CFL in the Z-axis direction).

[0192] and Figure 11 In contrast, the positions of the superlens layer MLL and the color filter layer CFL can be interchanged in the vertical direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). In an embodiment, the lower surface of the superlens layer MLL can be in direct contact with the encapsulation layer TFE, and the upper surface of the superlens layer MLL can be in direct contact with the lower surface of the color filter layer CFL.

[0193] Figure 13 It is along the display device Figure 9 The sectional view is taken by line J-J'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0194] Reference Figure 13In this embodiment, the thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on the substrate (SUB) (e.g., directly disposed on the substrate (SUB) in the Z-axis direction), and the light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the TFTL (e.g., directly disposed on the TFTL in the Z-axis direction). The encapsulation layer (TFE) can be disposed on the EML (e.g., directly disposed on the EML in the Z-axis direction), and the superlens layer (MLL) can be disposed on the TFE (e.g., directly disposed on the TFE in the Z-axis direction). The polarizing member (POL) can be disposed on the MML (e.g., directly disposed on the MML in the Z-axis direction), and the window member (WN) can be disposed on the POL (e.g., directly disposed on the POL in the Z-axis direction).

[0195] and Figure 12 compared to, Figure 13 The display device 10 may include a polarizing member POL instead of Figure 12 The color filter layer CFL. Instead of the color filter layer CFL, the polarizing member POL can suppress the reflection of light incident on the display panel 100 from the outside (e.g., the external environment).

[0196] Figure 14 It is along the display device Figure 9 The sectional view is taken by line J-J'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0197] Reference Figure 14 The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on the substrate (SUB) (e.g., directly disposed on the substrate (SUB) in the Z-axis direction), and the light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the TFTL (e.g., directly disposed on the TFTL in the Z-axis direction). The encapsulation layer (TFE) can be disposed on the EML (e.g., directly disposed on the EML in the Z-axis direction), and the polarizing member (POL) can be disposed on the TFE (e.g., directly disposed on the TFE in the Z-axis direction). The superlens layer (MLL) can be disposed on the POL (e.g., directly disposed on the POL in the Z-axis direction), and the window member (WN) can be disposed on the MML (e.g., directly disposed on the MML in the Z-axis direction).

[0198] and Figure 13In contrast, the positions of the superlens layer MLL and the polarizing member POL can be interchanged in the vertical direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). In an embodiment, the lower surface of the superlens layer MLL can be in direct contact with the upper surface of the polarizing member POL, and the upper surface of the superlens layer MLL can be in direct contact with the lower surface of the window member WN.

[0199] In this embodiment, where the polarizing member POL is disposed on the lower surface of the superlens layer MLL, light emitted from the light-emitting element LEL can be polarized in a specific direction by the polarizing member POL. Therefore, the nanostructures of the superlenses ML1, ML2, and ML3 can have shapes with anisotropic refractive indices (e.g., rectangular column shapes with different horizontal and vertical lengths) or shapes with isotropic refractive indices (e.g., cylindrical shapes).

[0200] Figure 15 This is a perspective view of a display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0201] Reference Figure 15 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the display device 10 includes a display panel 100, a display driver circuit 200, a circuit board 300, and a touch driver circuit 400.

[0202] The display driver circuit 200 and circuit board 300 can be referenced above. Figure 1 The display driver circuit 200 and circuit board 300 described are the same.

[0203] The touch driver circuit 400 can be disposed on the circuit board 300. In an embodiment, the touch driver circuit 400 can be implemented as an integrated circuit (IC) and can be attached to the circuit board 300.

[0204] Touch driver circuit 400 can be electrically connected to the touch sensing layer SENL of display panel 100 (see...) Figure 16 The touch driver circuit 400 can apply a drive signal to the sensor electrodes of the touch sensing layer SENL and can measure the mutual capacitance of the sensor electrodes. The drive signal may have a drive pulse. The touch driver circuit 400 can determine whether a user has touched the display area DA or the presence of a nearby object (e.g., hovering) based on the mutual capacitance. A user touch refers to an object such as a user's finger or pen being in direct contact with the surface of the display device 10 disposed on the touch sensing layer SENL. A user proximity refers to an object such as a user's finger or pen being hovered over the surface of the display device 10.

[0205] Figure 16 yes Figure 15A side view of the display device. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0206] Reference Figure 16 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the display panel 100 includes a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer TFTL, a light-emitting element layer EML, an encapsulation layer TFEL, and a touch sensing layer SENL.

[0207] The substrate (SUB), thin-film transistor layer (TFTL), light-emitting element layer (EML), and encapsulation layer (TFEL) can be referenced above. Figure 3 The substrate SUB, thin film transistor layer (TFTL), light-emitting element layer (EML), and encapsulation layer (TFE) of the described display panel 100 are formed in the same manner.

[0208] The touch sensing layer SENL can be disposed on the encapsulation layer TFEL (e.g., directly on the encapsulation layer TFEL). The touch sensing layer SENL can be disposed within the display area DA and the non-display area NDA of the main area MA. The touch sensing layer SENL can use sensor electrodes to sense touch from people or objects.

[0209] Figure 17 It is shown in detail Figure 16 The layout diagram of the touch sensing layer.

[0210] exist Figure 17 In the example shown, the sensor electrodes SE of the touch sensing layer SENL include two types of electrodes (such as a drive electrode TE and a sensing electrode RE) to perform mutual capacitance sensing, such as applying a drive signal to the drive electrode TE, and then sensing the voltage charged at the mutual capacitance through the sensing electrode RE. However, embodiments of this disclosure are not necessarily limited to this.

[0211] For ease of explanation, Figure 17 Only the drive electrode TE, sensing electrode RE, dummy pattern DE, sensor lines TL1, TL2 and RL, and sensor pads ("pad", also known as "solder pads" or "solder pads") TP1 and TP2 are shown.

[0212] Reference Figure 17 In an embodiment, the touch sensing layer SENL includes (e.g., in a plan view) a touch sensor region TSA for sensing a user's touch and a touch periphery region TPA disposed around the touch sensor region TSA. The touch sensor region TSA can be connected to... Figure 15 The display area DA is overlaid, and the touch peripheral area TPA can be interacted with... Figure 15 The non-display area NDA is overlaid.

[0213] In an embodiment, the touch sensor area TSA includes a driving electrode TE, a sensing electrode RE, and a dummy pattern DE. The driving electrode TE and the sensing electrode RE can be electrodes used to form mutual capacitance to sense the touch of an object or person.

[0214] In an embodiment, sensing electrodes RE can be arranged in a first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) and a second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction). Sensing electrodes RE can be electrically connected to each other in the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction). Sensing electrodes RE adjacent to each other in the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction) can be electrically disconnected from each other.

[0215] The driving electrodes TE can be arranged in a first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) and a second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction). Driving electrodes TE adjacent to each other in the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) can be electrically isolated from each other. Driving electrodes TE can be electrically connected to each other in the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction). For example, driving electrodes TE adjacent to each other in the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction) can be connected via... Figure 17 The bridge electrode BE is connected as shown.

[0216] In an embodiment, each of the dummy patterns DE may (e.g., in a plan view) be surrounded by a driving electrode TE or a sensing electrode RE. Each of the dummy patterns DE may be electrically decoupled from the driving electrode TE or the sensing electrode RE. Each of the dummy patterns DE may be spaced apart from the driving electrode TE or the sensing electrode RE. For example, each of the dummy patterns DE may be electrically floating.

[0217] exist Figure 17 In the present invention, when viewed from above, the driving electrode TE, the sensing electrode RE, and the dummy pattern DE all have a rhomboid shape, but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited to this. For example, when viewed from above (e.g., in a plan view), each of the driving electrode TE, the sensing electrode RE, and the dummy pattern DE may have a quadrilateral shape other than a rhombus, a polygonal shape other than a quadrilateral shape, a circular shape, or an elliptical shape.

[0218] Sensor lines TL1, TL2, and RL can be disposed in the touch peripheral area TPA. Sensor lines TL1, TL2, and RL include a sensing line RL connected to the sensing electrode RE and a first driving line TL1 and a second driving line TL2 connected to the driving electrode TE.

[0219] The sensing electrodes RE, located on one side of the touch sensor area TSA, can be connected to the sensing lines RL. For example, as... Figure 17As shown, some of the sensing electrodes RE electrically connected in the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) located at the right end can be connected to sensing lines RL. Sensing lines RL can be connected to the second sensor pad TP2. Therefore, the touch driver circuit 400 can be electrically connected to the sensing electrodes RE.

[0220] The driving electrode TE located on one side of the touch sensor area TSA can be connected to the first driving line TL1, while the driving electrode TE located on the other side of the touch sensor area TSA can be connected to the second driving line TL2. For example, as Figure 17 As shown, some of the lowermost drive electrodes TE, which are electrically connected to each other in a second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction), can be connected to the first drive line TL1, while some of the uppermost drive electrodes TE can be connected to the second drive line TL2. The second drive line TL2 can be connected to the drive electrode TE on the upper side of the touch sensor region TSA via the left outer side of the touch sensor region TSA.

[0221] The first drive line TL1 and the second drive line TL2 can be connected to the first sensor pad TP1, respectively. Therefore, the touch driver circuit 400 can be electrically connected to the drive electrode TE. The drive electrode TE is connected to the drive lines TL1 and TL2 on both sides of the touch sensor region TSA and receives touch drive signals. Therefore, it is possible to prevent differences between the touch drive signal applied to the drive electrode TE located on the lower side of the touch sensor region TSA and the touch drive signal applied to the drive electrode TE located on the upper side of the touch sensor region TSA due to RC delay of the touch drive signal.

[0222] The first sensor pad region TPA1, which has a first sensor pad TP1, can be located on one side of the display pad region DPA, which has a display pad DP. The second sensor pad region TPA2, which has a second sensor pad TP2, can be located on the other side of the display pad region DPA. The display pad DP can be electrically connected to the data cable of the display panel 100.

[0223] The display pad area DPA, the first sensor pad area TPA1, and the second sensor pad area TPA2 can correspond to Figure 15 The display panel 100 shown is connected to a circuit board 300 via pads. The circuit board 300 may be disposed on the display pad DP, the first sensor pad TP1, and the second sensor pad TP2. In an embodiment, the display pad DP, the first sensor pad TP1, and the second sensor pad TP2 may be electrically connected to the circuit board 300 using low-resistance, high-reliability materials such as anisotropic conductive films or SAP. Therefore, the display pad DP, the first sensor pad TP1, and the second sensor pad TP2 may be electrically connected to a touch driver circuit 400 disposed on the circuit board 300.

[0224] Figure 18 It is shown in detail Figure 17 The layout diagram of region B. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0225] Pixel PX and the luminous areas EA1 to EA3 can be referenced above. Figure 2 The pixels PX and light-emitting areas EA1 to EA3 of the described display panel 100 are formed in the same manner.

[0226] Reference Figure 18 When viewed from above (e.g., in a planar view), the driving electrode TE can have a grid or mesh structure. Therefore, the driving electrode TE can be spaced apart (e.g., in the Y-axis direction) from the light-emitting regions EA1 to EA3 of each pixel PX. This prevents a reduction in light brightness due to the light emitted from the light-emitting regions EA1 to EA3 being covered by the driving electrode TE.

[0227] Figure 19 It is shown in detail Figure 17 The layout diagram of region B. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0228] Reference Figure 19 One of the two first emitting regions EA1 of pixel PX can be superimposed (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) with the first superlens ML1. The first superlens ML1 can cover the first emitting region EA1. In an embodiment, when viewed from above (e.g., in a plan view), the shape of the first superlens ML1 can follow the shape of the first emitting region EA1. For example, when viewed from above, the shape of the first superlens ML1 can be, but is not necessarily limited to, a rectangle.

[0229] One of the two second light-emitting regions EA2 of pixel PX can be superimposed (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) with the second superlens ML2. The second superlens ML2 can cover the second light-emitting region EA2. In an embodiment, when viewed from above, the shape of the second superlens ML2 can follow the shape of the second light-emitting region EA2. For example, when viewed from above, the shape of the second superlens ML2 can be, but is not limited to, a rectangle.

[0230] One of the two third emitting regions EA3 of pixel PX can be superimposed (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) with a third superlens ML3. The third superlens ML3 can cover the third emitting region EA3. When viewed from above, the shape of the third superlens ML3 can follow the shape of the third emitting region EA3. For example, when viewed from above, the shape of the third superlens ML3 can be, but is not limited to, a rectangle.

[0231] exist Figure 19 In the example shown, the first superlens ML1 is superimposed on the first light-emitting region EA1, the second superlens ML2 is superimposed on the second light-emitting region EA2, and the third superlens ML3 is superimposed on the third light-emitting region EA3. However, according to some embodiments of this disclosure, the first superlens ML1 may be superimposed on one of the first light-emitting regions EA1, one of the second light-emitting regions EA2, and one of the third light-emitting regions EA3; the second superlens ML2 may be superimposed on one of the first light-emitting regions EA1, one of the second light-emitting regions EA2, and one of the third light-emitting regions EA3; and the third superlens ML3 may be superimposed on one of the first light-emitting regions EA1, one of the second light-emitting regions EA2, and one of the third light-emitting regions EA3.

[0232] Figure 20 It is along the display device Figure 19 The cross-sectional view is taken by line K-K'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0233] Reference Figure 20 In an embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer TFTL, a light-emitting element layer EML, a packaging layer TFE, a touch sensing layer SENL, a color filter layer CFL, a superlens layer MLL, and a window member WN.

[0234] The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on the substrate (SUB) (e.g., directly disposed on the substrate (SUB) in the Z-axis direction), and the light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the TFTL (e.g., directly disposed on the TFTL in the Z-axis direction). The encapsulation layer (TFE) can be disposed on the EML (e.g., directly disposed on the EML in the Z-axis direction), and the touch sensing layer (SENL) can be disposed on the TFE (e.g., directly disposed on the TFE in the Z-axis direction). The color filter layer (CFL) can be disposed on the SENL (e.g., directly disposed on the SENL in the Z-axis direction), and the superlens layer (MLL) can be disposed on the CFL (e.g., directly disposed on the CFL in the Z-axis direction). The window member (WN) can be disposed on the MML (e.g., directly disposed on the MML in the Z-axis direction).

[0235] The detailed structure of the substrate SUB, thin film transistor layer TFTL, light-emitting element layer EML, encapsulation layer TFE, color filter layer CFL, superlens layer MLL, and window member WN can be the same as the detailed structure of the substrate SUB, thin film transistor layer TFTL, light-emitting element layer EML, encapsulation layer TFE, color filter layer CFL, superlens layer MLL, and window member WN described above.

[0236] In one embodiment, the touch sensing layer SENL may include a first touch insulating film TINS1, a second touch insulating film TINS2, a third touch insulating film TINS3, and a driving electrode TE. In another embodiment, the touch sensing layer SENL may further include a sensing electrode RE and a bridge electrode BE.

[0237] The first touch insulating film TINS1 can be disposed on the encapsulation layer TFE (e.g., directly disposed on the encapsulation layer TFE in the Z-axis direction). In embodiments, the first touch insulating film TINS1 can be, but is not limited to, a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, a silicon oxide layer, a titanium oxide layer, or an aluminum oxide layer.

[0238] In an embodiment, the bridge electrode BE can be disposed on the first touch insulating film TINS1 (e.g., directly disposed on the first touch insulating film TINS1). In an embodiment, the bridge electrode BE can be made of a single layer or multiple layers of one of molybdenum (M), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd) and copper (Cu) or alloys thereof.

[0239] The second touch insulating film TINS2 can be disposed on the bridge electrode BE and the first touch insulating film TINS1 (e.g., directly disposed on the bridge electrode BE and the first touch insulating film TINS1). In an embodiment, the second touch insulating film TINS2 can be formed of an inorganic layer (e.g., a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, a silicon oxide layer, a titanium oxide layer, or an aluminum oxide layer).

[0240] The driving electrode TE can be disposed on the second touch insulating film TINS2 (e.g., directly disposed on the second touch insulating film TINS2 in the Z-axis direction). The driving electrode TE can be referred to as a "touch electrode". In addition to the driving electrode TE, Figure 17 The sensing electrode RE, dummy pattern DE, first driving line TL1, second driving line TL2 and sensing line RL shown can also be disposed on the second touch insulating film TINS2 (for example, directly disposed on the second touch insulating film TINS2).

[0241] The driving electrode TE can be stacked with the pixel defining layer 190 of the light-emitting element layer EML in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). The driving electrode TE can be stacked with the black matrix BM of the color filter layer CFL in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). The driving electrode TE can be stacked with superlenses ML1 to ML3 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction) or can be not stacked with superlenses ML1 to ML3 in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). For example, in... Figure 20 In the illustrated embodiment, the edges of the superlenses ML1 to ML3 may overlap with the edges of the driving electrode TE (e.g., in the Z-axis direction). However, in some embodiments, the superlenses ML1 to ML3 may not overlap with the driving electrode TE (e.g., in the Z-axis direction). The third touch insulating film TINS3 may be disposed on the driving electrode TE and the second touch insulating film TINS2 (e.g., directly disposed on the driving electrode TE and the second touch insulating film TINS2).

[0242] Figure 21 It is along the display device Figure 19 The cross-sectional view is taken by line K-K'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0243] Reference Figure 21 In an embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL) disposed on the substrate SUB, a light-emitting element layer (EML), a packaging layer (TFE), a superlens layer (MLL), a touch sensing layer (SENL), a color filter layer (CFL), and a window member (WN).

[0244] The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on the substrate (SUB) (e.g., directly disposed on the substrate (SUB) in the Z-axis direction), and the light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the TFTL (e.g., directly disposed on the TFTL in the Z-axis direction). The encapsulation layer (TFE) can be disposed on the EML (e.g., directly disposed on the EML in the Z-axis direction), and the superlens layer (MLL) can be disposed on the TFE (e.g., directly disposed on the TFE in the Z-axis direction). The touch sensing layer (SENL) can be disposed on the MML (e.g., directly disposed on the MML in the Z-axis direction), and the color filter layer (CFL) can be disposed on the SENL (e.g., directly disposed on the SENL in the Z-axis direction). The window member (WN) can be disposed on the CFL (e.g., directly disposed on the CFL in the Z-axis direction).

[0245] and Figure 20 In comparison, Figure 21 middle, Figure 20The superlens layer MLL, which is disposed on the color filter layer CFL, can be disposed on the encapsulation layer TFE. The touch sensing layer SENL and the color filter layer CFL can be disposed on the superlens layer MLL.

[0246] Figure 22 It is along the display device Figure 19 The cross-sectional view is taken by line K-K'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0247] Reference Figure 22 In an embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL) disposed on the substrate SUB, a light-emitting element layer (EML), a packaging layer (TFE), a touch sensing layer (SENL), a color filter layer (CFL), a superlens layer (MLL), and a window member (WN).

[0248] The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on the substrate (SUB) (e.g., directly disposed on the substrate (SUB) in the Z-axis direction), and the light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the TFTL (e.g., directly disposed on the TFTL in the Z-axis direction). The encapsulation layer (TFE) can be disposed on the EML (e.g., directly disposed on the EML in the Z-axis direction), and the touch sensing layer (SENL) can be disposed on the TFE (e.g., directly disposed on the TFE in the Z-axis direction). The color filter layer (CFL) can be disposed on the SENL (e.g., directly disposed on the SENL in the Z-axis direction), and the superlens layer (MLL) can be disposed on the CFL (e.g., directly disposed on the CFL in the Z-axis direction). The window member (WN) can be disposed on the MML (e.g., directly disposed on the MML in the Z-axis direction).

[0249] In an embodiment, the superlens layer MLL may include (for example, a first superlens ML1, a second superlens ML2, and a third superlens ML3 stacked sequentially in the Z-axis direction).

[0250] The first superlens ML1 can be (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) superimposed on one of the two first luminous regions EA1, one of the two second luminous regions EA2, and one of the two third luminous regions EA3 of the pixel PX.

[0251] The first superlens ML1 may include a fourth nanostructure having a fourth spacing, a fourth width, and a fourth height. The first superlens ML1 can refract light of a first color.

[0252] The second superlens ML2 can be (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) superimposed on one of the two first luminous regions EA1, one of the two second luminous regions EA2, and one of the two third luminous regions EA3 of the pixel PX.

[0253] The second superlens ML2 may include a fifth nanostructure having a fifth spacing, a fifth width, and a fifth height. The second superlens ML2 can refract light of a second color.

[0254] The third superlens ML3 can be (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) superimposed on one of the two first luminous regions EA1, one of the two second luminous regions EA2, and one of the two third luminous regions EA3 of the pixel PX.

[0255] The third superlens ML3 may include a sixth nanostructure having a sixth spacing, a sixth width, and a sixth height. The third superlens ML3 can refract light of a third color.

[0256] The fourth through sixth nanostructures can be different from each other. Therefore, each of the first superlens ML1 through the third superlens ML3 can refract light in a different wavelength range than the others.

[0257] The first superlens ML1, the second superlens ML2, and the third superlens ML3 can be stacked on top of each other in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). Figure 22 In the example shown, the second superlens ML2 is disposed on the first superlens ML1 (e.g., directly disposed on the first superlens ML1 in the Z-axis direction), and the third superlens ML3 is disposed on the second superlens ML2 (e.g., directly disposed on the second superlens ML2 in the Z-axis direction). However, it should be understood that the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0258] The first superlens ML1 can refract light of the first color. Therefore, light of the second color emitted from the second emitting region EA2 and light of the third color emitted from the third emitting region EA3 can pass through the first superlens ML1 without being refracted.

[0259] The second superlens ML2 can refract light of the second color. Therefore, light of the first color emitted from the first emitting region EA1 and light of the third color emitted from the third emitting region EA3 can pass through the second superlens ML2 without being refracted.

[0260] The third superlens ML3 can refract light of the third color. Therefore, light of the first color emitted from the first emitting region EA1 and light of the second color emitted from the second emitting region EA2 can pass through the third superlens ML3 without being refracted.

[0261] The light of the first color emitted from the first light-emitting region EA1 can sequentially pass through the encapsulation layer TFE, the touch sensing layer SENL, and the first color filter CF1. After passing through the first color filter CF1, the light of the first color can be refracted at the first superlens ML1, and can pass through the second superlens ML2 and the third superlens ML3 without being refracted.

[0262] The second-color light emitted from the second light-emitting region EA2 can sequentially pass through the encapsulation layer TFE, the touch sensing layer SENL, and the second color filter CF2. After passing through the second color filter CF2, the second-color light can pass through the first superlens ML1 without being refracted, can be refracted at the second superlens ML2, and can pass through the third superlens ML3 without being refracted.

[0263] The third-color light emitted from the third emitting region EA3 can sequentially pass through the encapsulation layer TFE, the touch sensing layer SENL, and the third color filter CF3. After passing through the third color filter CF3, the third-color light can pass through the first superlens ML1 and the second superlens ML2 without being refracted, and can be refracted at the third superlens ML3.

[0264] According to this embodiment, the process of aligning superlenses ML1 to ML3 with light-emitting regions EA1 to EA3 can be simplified by sequentially forming a first superlens ML1, a second superlens ML2, and a third superlens ML3 (e.g., in the Z-axis direction). By doing so, the complexity of the process can be reduced.

[0265] Figure 23 It is along the display device Figure 19 The cross-sectional view is taken by line K-K'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0266] Reference Figure 23 In an embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL) disposed on the substrate SUB, a light-emitting element layer (EML), a packaging layer (TFE), a superlens layer (MLL), a touch sensing layer (SENL), a color filter layer (CFL), and a window member (WN).

[0267] The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on the substrate (SUB) (e.g., directly disposed on the substrate (SUB) in the Z-axis direction), and the light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the TFTL (e.g., directly disposed on the TFTL in the Z-axis direction). The encapsulation layer (TFE) can be disposed on the EML (e.g., directly disposed on the EML in the Z-axis direction), and the superlens layer (MLL) can be disposed on the TFE (e.g., directly disposed on the TFE in the Z-axis direction). The touch sensing layer (SENL) can be disposed on the MML (e.g., directly disposed on the MML in the Z-axis direction), and the color filter layer (CFL) can be disposed on the SENL (e.g., directly disposed on the SENL in the Z-axis direction). The window member (WN) can be disposed on the CFL (e.g., directly disposed on the CFL in the Z-axis direction).

[0268] In an embodiment, the superlens layer MLL may have a structure in which a first superlens ML1, a second superlens ML2, and a third superlens ML3 are stacked on top of each other in a third third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). The first superlens ML1 to the third superlens ML3 may be stacked on top of each other in a third third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). The first superlens ML1 to the third superlens ML3 may be stacked with one of the first light-emitting regions EA1, one of the second light-emitting regions EA2, and one of the third light-emitting regions EA3. A first light-emitting region EA1, a second light-emitting region EA2, and a third light-emitting region EA3 may emit light during the 3D image display period.

[0269] and Figure 22 In comparison, Figure 23 middle, Figure 22 The superlens layer MLL, which is set on the color filter layer CFL, can be set on the encapsulation layer TFE (e.g., directly set on the encapsulation layer TFE in the Z-axis direction).

[0270] Figure 24 It is along the display device Figure 19 The cross-sectional view is taken by line K-K'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0271] Reference Figure 24 In an embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL) disposed on the substrate SUB, a light-emitting element layer (EML), a packaging layer (TFE), a touch sensing layer (SENL), a polarizing member (POL), a superlens layer (MLL), and a window member (WN).

[0272] The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on the substrate (SUB) (e.g., directly disposed on the substrate (SUB) in the Z-axis direction), and the light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the TFTL (e.g., directly disposed on the TFTL in the Z-axis direction). The encapsulation layer (TFE) can be disposed on the EML (e.g., directly disposed on the EML in the Z-axis direction), and the touch sensing layer (SENL) can be disposed on the TFE (e.g., directly disposed on the TFE in the Z-axis direction). The polarization member (POL) can be disposed on the SENL (e.g., directly disposed on the SENL in the Z-axis direction), and the superlens layer (MLL) can be disposed on the POL (e.g., directly disposed on the POL in the Z-axis direction). The window member (WN) can be disposed on the MML (e.g., directly disposed on the MML in the Z-axis direction).

[0273] and Figure 20 compared to, Figure 24 The display panel 100 may include a polarizing element (POL) instead of a polarizing element. Figure 20 The color filter layer CFL. The polarizing element POL can suppress the reflection of light incident on the display panel 100 from the outside (e.g., the external environment).

[0274] Figure 25 It is along the display device Figure 19 The cross-sectional view is taken by line K-K'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0275] Reference Figure 25 In an embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL) disposed on the substrate SUB, a light-emitting element layer (EML), a packaging layer (TFE), a touch sensing layer (SENL), a superlens layer (MLL), a polarizing member (POL), and a window member (WN).

[0276] The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on the substrate (SUB) (e.g., directly disposed on the substrate (SUB) in the Z-axis direction), and the light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the TFTL (e.g., directly disposed on the TFTL in the Z-axis direction). The encapsulation layer (TFE) can be disposed on the EML (e.g., directly disposed on the EML in the Z-axis direction), and the touch sensing layer (SENL) can be disposed on the TFE (e.g., directly disposed on the TFE in the Z-axis direction). The superlens layer (MLL) can be disposed on the SENL (e.g., directly disposed on the SENL in the Z-axis direction), and the polarizing member (POL) can be disposed on the MML (e.g., directly disposed on the MML in the Z-axis direction). The window member (WN) can be disposed on the POL (e.g., directly disposed on the POL in the Z-axis direction).

[0277] and Figure 24 In contrast, the positions of the polarizing element POL and the superlens layer MLL can be interchanged in the vertical direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). In this way, the polarizing element POL can effectively reduce the reflection of light incident on the display panel 100 from the outside (e.g., the external environment).

[0278] Figure 26 It is along the display device Figure 19 The cross-sectional view is taken by line K-K'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0279] Reference Figure 26 In an embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL) disposed on the substrate SUB, a light-emitting element layer (EML), a packaging layer (TFE), a superlens layer (MLL), a touch sensing layer (SENL), a polarizing member (POL), and a window member (WN).

[0280] A thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on a substrate (SUB) (e.g., directly disposed on the substrate (SUB) in the Z-axis direction), and a light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the TFTL (e.g., directly disposed on the TFTL in the Z-axis direction). A packaging layer (TFE) can be disposed on the EML (e.g., directly disposed on the EML in the Z-axis direction), and a superlens layer (MLL) can be disposed on the TFE (e.g., directly disposed on the TFE in the Z-axis direction). A touch-sensing layer (SENL) can be disposed on the MML (e.g., directly disposed on the MML in the Z-axis direction), and a polarizing member (POL) can be disposed on the SENL (e.g., directly disposed on the SENL in the Z-axis direction). In this embodiment, the polarizing member (POL) is spaced apart from the MML and does not directly contact the surface of the MML. A window member (WN) can be disposed on the POL (e.g., directly disposed on the POL in the Z-axis direction).

[0281] and Figure 25 In contrast, the positions of the superlens layer MLL and the touch sensing layer SENL can be interchanged in the vertical direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). Since the touch sensing layer SENL is disposed on other layers of the display panel 100, touch sensitivity can be increased according to this embodiment.

[0282] Figure 27 It is shown in detail Figure 17 The layout diagram of region B. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0283] Reference Figure 27 In an embodiment, pixel PX may include a first light-emitting region EA1, a second light-emitting region EA2, and a third light-emitting region EA3.

[0284] In this embodiment, the first light-emitting region EA1 may include multiple first sub-light-emitting regions EA1_1 and EA1_2. The second light-emitting region EA2 may include multiple second sub-light-emitting regions EA2_1 and EA2_2. The third light-emitting region EA3 may include multiple third sub-light-emitting regions EA3_1 and EA3_2.

[0285] Within a single pixel PX, multiple first sub-light-emitting regions EA1_1 and EA1_2 can be adjacent to each other (e.g., directly adjacent to each other in the Y-axis direction). Within a single pixel PX, multiple second sub-light-emitting regions EA2_1 and EA2_2 can be adjacent to each other (e.g., directly adjacent to each other in the Y-axis direction). Within a single pixel PX, multiple third sub-light-emitting regions EA3_1 and EA3_2 can be adjacent to each other. Figure 27In the example shown, the two first sub-light-emitting regions EA1_1 and EA1_2 are adjacent to each other in the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction), the two second sub-light-emitting regions EA2_1 and EA2_2 are adjacent to each other in the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction), and the two third sub-light-emitting regions EA3_1 and EA3_2 are adjacent to each other in the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction). However, it should be understood that the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to this.

[0286] Within a single pixel PX, one of the two first sub-emitting regions EA1_1 and EA1_2, EA1_1, can operate during the 2D image display period, while the other first sub-emitting region EA1_2 can operate during the 3D image display period. Similarly, within a single pixel PX, one of the two second sub-emitting regions EA2_1 and EA2_2, EA2_1, can operate during the 2D image display period, while the other second sub-emitting region EA2_2 can operate during the 3D image display period. Likewise, within a single pixel PX, one of the two third sub-emitting regions EA3_1 and EA3_2, EA3_1, can operate during the 2D image display period, while the other third sub-emitting region EA3_2 can operate during the 3D image display period. In this way, resolution degradation that occurs during both the 2D and 3D image display periods can be prevented.

[0287] Another first sub-emitting region EA1_2 may be superimposed (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) with the first superlens ML1, another second sub-emitting region EA2_2 may be superimposed (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) with the second superlens ML2, and another third sub-emitting region EA3_2 may be superimposed (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) with the third superlens ML3.

[0288] exist Figure 27 In the example shown, a first superlens ML1 (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) is superimposed on another first sub-emitting region EA1_2, a second superlens ML2 (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) is superimposed on another second sub-emitting region EA2_2, and a third superlens ML3 (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) is superimposed on another third sub-emitting region EA3_2. In some embodiments of this disclosure, the first superlens ML1 may be superimposed on another first sub-emitting region EA1_2, another second sub-emitting region EA2_2, and another third sub-emitting region EA3_2; the second superlens ML2 may be superimposed on another first sub-emitting region EA1_2, another second sub-emitting region EA2_2, and another third sub-emitting region EA3_2; and the third superlens ML3 may be superimposed on another first sub-emitting region EA1_2, another second sub-emitting region EA2_2, and another third sub-emitting region EA3_2.

[0289] When viewed from above (e.g., in a planar view), the driving electrode TE can have a grid or mesh structure. Therefore, the driving electrode TE can be spaced apart from the light-emitting regions EA1 to EA3 of each pixel PX.

[0290] Figure 28 It is along the display device Figure 27 The sectional view is taken by line L-L'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0291] Reference Figure 28 In an embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL) disposed on the substrate SUB, a light-emitting element layer (EML), a packaging layer (TFE), a superlens layer (MLL), a touch sensing layer (SENL), a polarizing member (POL), and a window member (WN).

[0292] and Figure 26 In contrast, the first superlens ML1, the second superlens ML2, and the third superlens ML3 can be spaced apart from each other in a second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction). The second sub-emitting region EA2_1 can be (e.g., in the Y-axis direction) disposed between the first superlens ML1 and the second superlens ML2. The third sub-emitting region EA3_1 can be (e.g., in the Y-axis direction) disposed between the second superlens ML2 and the third superlens ML3.

[0293] Figure 29 It is along the display device Figure 27 The sectional view is taken by line L-L'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0294] Reference Figure 29 In an embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL) disposed on the substrate SUB, a light-emitting element layer (EML), a packaging layer (TFE), a touch sensing layer (SENL), a superlens layer (MLL), a polarizing member (POL), and a window member (WN).

[0295] The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on the substrate (SUB) (e.g., directly disposed on the substrate (SUB) in the Z-axis direction), and the light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the TFTL (e.g., directly disposed on the TFTL in the Z-axis direction). The encapsulation layer (TFE) can be disposed on the EML (e.g., directly disposed on the EML in the Z-axis direction), and the touch sensing layer (SENL) can be disposed on the TFE (e.g., directly disposed on the TFE in the Z-axis direction). The superlens layer (MLL) can be disposed on the SENL (e.g., directly disposed on the SENL in the Z-axis direction), and the polarizing member (POL) can be disposed on the MML (e.g., directly disposed on the MML in the Z-axis direction). The window member (WN) can be disposed on the POL (e.g., directly disposed on the POL in the Z-axis direction).

[0296] and Figure 28 In comparison, Figure 29 In this process, the positions of the superlens layer MLL and the touch sensing layer SENL can be swapped in the vertical direction (e.g., in the Z-axis direction).

[0297] Figure 30 It is along the display device Figure 27 The sectional view is taken by line L-L'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0298] Reference Figure 30 In an embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL) disposed on the substrate SUB, a light-emitting element layer (EML), a packaging layer (TFE), a superlens layer (MLL), a polarizing member (POL), a touch sensing layer (SENL), and a window member (WN).

[0299] The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on the substrate (SUB) (e.g., directly disposed on the substrate (SUB) in the Z-axis direction), and the light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the TFTL (e.g., directly disposed on the TFTL in the Z-axis direction). The encapsulation layer (TFE) can be disposed on the EML (e.g., directly disposed on the EML in the Z-axis direction), and the superlens layer (MLL) can be disposed on the TFE (e.g., directly disposed on the TFE in the Z-axis direction). The polarizing member (POL) can be disposed on the MML (e.g., directly disposed on the MML in the Z-axis direction), and the touch sensing layer (SENL) can be disposed on the POL (e.g., directly disposed on the POL in the Z-axis direction). The window member (WN) can be disposed on the SENL (e.g., directly disposed on the SENL in the Z-axis direction).

[0300] and Figure 29 In comparison, Figure 30 middle, Figure 29 The superlens layer MLL, positioned between the touch sensing layer SENL and the polarizing member POL, can be disposed on the encapsulation layer TFE. In this way, the touch sensing layer SENL can be disposed on other layers of the display panel 100, thereby increasing touch sensitivity.

[0301] Figure 31 It is along the display device Figure 27 The sectional view is taken by line L-L'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0302] Reference Figure 31 In an embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL) disposed on the substrate SUB, a light-emitting element layer (EML), a packaging layer (TFE), a polarizing member (POL), a superlens layer (MLL), a touch sensing layer (SENL), and a window member (WN).

[0303] A thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on a substrate (SUB) (e.g., directly disposed on the substrate (SUB) in the Z-axis direction), and a light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the TFTL (e.g., directly disposed on the TFTL in the Z-axis direction). A packaging layer (TFE) can be disposed on the EML (e.g., directly disposed on the EML in the Z-axis direction), and a polarizing member (POL) can be disposed on the TFE (e.g., directly disposed on the TFE in the Z-axis direction). A superlens layer (MLL) can be disposed on the POL (e.g., directly disposed on the POL in the Z-axis direction), and a touch sensing layer (SENL) can be disposed on the MML (e.g., directly disposed on the MML in the Z-axis direction). A window member (WN) can be disposed on the SENL (e.g., directly disposed on the SENL in the Z-axis direction).

[0304] and Figure 30 In comparison, Figure 31 In this process, the polarization member POL, disposed between the superlens layer MLL and the touch sensing layer SENL, can be disposed (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) between the encapsulation layer TFE and the superlens layer MLL. When the superlens layer MLL is disposed on the polarization member POL, the nanostructures of the superlenses ML1, ML2, and ML3 can have shapes with anisotropic refractive indices (e.g., rectangular column shapes with different horizontal and vertical lengths) or shapes with isotropic refractive indices (e.g., cylindrical shapes).

[0305] Figure 32 It is along the display device Figure 27 The sectional view is taken by line L-L'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0306] Reference Figure 32 In an embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL) disposed on the substrate SUB, a light-emitting element layer (EML), a packaging layer (TFE), a polarizing member (POL), a touch sensing layer (SENL), a superlens layer (MLL), and a window member (WN).

[0307] A thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on a substrate (SUB) (e.g., directly disposed on the substrate (SUB) in the Z-axis direction), and a light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the TFTL (e.g., directly disposed on the TFTL in the Z-axis direction). A packaging layer (TFE) can be disposed on the EML (e.g., directly disposed on the EML in the Z-axis direction), and a polarizing member (POL) can be disposed on the TFE (e.g., directly disposed on the TFE in the Z-axis direction). A touch sensing layer (SENL) can be disposed on the POL (e.g., directly disposed on the POL in the Z-axis direction), and a superlens layer (MLL) can be disposed on the SENL (e.g., directly disposed on the SENL in the Z-axis direction). A window member (WN) can be disposed on the MML (e.g., directly disposed on the MML in the Z-axis direction).

[0308] and Figure 31 In comparison, Figure 32 In this process, the positions of the superlens layer MLL and the touch sensing layer SENL can be swapped in the vertical direction (e.g., in the Z-axis direction).

[0309] Figure 33 It is along the display device Figure 27 The sectional view is taken by line L-L'. The following description will focus on the differences, and redundant descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0310] Reference Figure 33 In an embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL) disposed on the substrate SUB, a light-emitting element layer (EML), a packaging layer (TFE), a touch sensing layer (SENL), a polarizing member (POL), a superlens layer (MLL), and a window member (WN).

[0311] The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on the substrate (SUB) (e.g., directly disposed on the substrate (SUB) in the Z-axis direction), and the light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the TFTL (e.g., directly disposed on the TFTL in the Z-axis direction). The encapsulation layer (TFE) can be disposed on the EML (e.g., directly disposed on the EML in the Z-axis direction), and the touch sensing layer (SENL) can be disposed on the TFE (e.g., directly disposed on the TFE in the Z-axis direction). The polarization member (POL) can be disposed on the SENL (e.g., directly disposed on the SENL in the Z-axis direction), and the superlens layer (MLL) can be disposed on the POL (e.g., directly disposed on the POL in the Z-axis direction). The window member (WN) can be disposed on the MML (e.g., directly disposed on the MML in the Z-axis direction).

[0312] and Figure 32 In comparison, Figure 33 middle, Figure 32 The polarizing member POL disposed on the encapsulation layer TFE can be disposed (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) between the touch sensing layer SENL and the superlens layer MLL.

[0313] Electronic devices Figure 34 This is a diagram illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Refer to...) Figure 34 According to one embodiment of the present invention, the electronic device 1000 can output various information (e.g., images, text, music, etc.) through the display module 1140. The display module 1140 can, for example, correspond to... Figure 1 The display device 10 shown is used to provide application information to the user via the display panel 1141 when the processor 1110 executes an application stored in the memory 1120.

[0314] In some embodiments, electronic device 1000 may be configured as a smartphone, camera, smart TV, monitor, smartwatch, tablet, automotive display, or AR / VR headset. For example, electronic device 1000 may be a smartphone including a touch-sensitive display area DA for interaction and a non-display area NDA including sensors and circuitry for enhanced functionality. For example, electronic device 1000 may be a television or monitor including a large display area DA for high-resolution video playback and a non-display area NDA incorporating drive circuitry or connection modules for external input. For example, electronic device 1000 may be a smartwatch including a display area DA optimized for compact and high-definition vision and a non-display area NDA integrating biometric sensors for health monitoring. In some cases, electronic device 1000 is an AR / VR headset.

[0315] In some embodiments, memory 1120 may store information such as software code for operating application 1123. Application 1123 may include software designed to perform specific tasks or provide functionality to a user. Application 1123 may operate under the control of processor 1110 and utilize data stored in memory 1120 to perform a variety of features, such as productivity tools, multimedia streaming and playback, file or email delivery, or communication services. Application 1123 interacts seamlessly with user interface 1161 or touchscreen 1142, allowing users to launch, browse, and utilize the program through user input such as touch, tap, gestures, or voice interaction.

[0316] When a user selects an application via touchscreen 1142 or user interface 1161, processor 1110 can execute application program 1123 corresponding to the selected application retrieved from memory 1120 to perform the application's functions. For example, when a user selects a camera application by tapping an icon (or camera application icon) displayed on display panel 1141, processor 1110 activates the camera module. Processor 1110 can then transfer image data corresponding to a captured image obtained by the camera module to display module 1140. Display module 1140 can then display the image corresponding to the captured image via display panel 1141.

[0317] As another example, when a user wishes to make a phone call, the user taps the phone icon displayed on the display module 1140, and the processor 1110 can execute a phone application stored in the memory 1120. Phone keypads can be displayed on the display panel 1141 for the user to enter a phone number to make the call.

[0318] As another example, the display module 1140 can be integrated into the electronic device 1000 (such as a laptop computer, smart TV, or tablet computer). A user wishing to access a multimedia streaming application (e.g., to watch a music video or movie) can do so by tapping the corresponding icon. This action activates the application, allowing the user to watch streaming content.

[0319] Processor 1110 may include a main processor 1111 and an auxiliary or coprocessor 1112. The main processor 1111 may include a central processing unit (CPU). The main processor 1111 may also include one or more of a graphics processing unit (GPU), a communication processor (CP), and an image signal processor (ISP).

[0320] The coprocessor 1112 may include a controller 1112-1. The controller 1112-1 may include interface conversion circuitry and timing control circuitry. The controller 1112-1 can receive image signals from the main processor 1111, convert the data format of the image signals to match the interface specifications of the display module 1140, and output image data. The controller 1112-1 can output various control signals to drive the display module 1140. For example, the controller 1112-1 can drive the display module 1140 to display icons suitable for user selection on the screen, thereby enabling the application 1123 to execute.

[0321] The memory 1120 may store one or more applications 1123 and various data used by at least one component of the electronic device 1000 (e.g., processor 1110 or user interface 1161), including data for inputting or outputting related commands. For example, camera applications, GPS applications, augmented reality and virtual reality applications, and other applications may be executed by the processor 1110 when a user selects a corresponding icon displayed on the screen (or display panel 1141) via the touchscreen 1142 or user interface 1161. Furthermore, various setting data corresponding to user settings may be stored in the memory 1120. The memory 1120 may include volatile memory 1121 and non-volatile memory 1122.

[0322] Display module 1140 can output visual information (images) to a user. Display module 1140 may include a display panel 1141, a gate driver, a source driver, a voltage generation circuit, and a touchscreen 1142. Display module 1140 may also include a window, a chassis, and a bracket to protect the display panel 1141. Display module 1140 may include... Figure 1 This is at least a part of the structure of the display device 10 shown.

[0323] User interface 1161 serves as an interaction medium between the user and electronic device 1000. User interface 1161 can detect input from a part of the user's body (e.g., a finger) or from a pen or mouse, and generate electrical signals or data values ​​corresponding to the input. User interface 1161 includes a fingerprint sensor 1162, an input sensor 1163, and a digitizer 1164.

[0324] The fingerprint sensor 1162 can sense a fingerprint for biometric identification of a user, and can also measure one or more biometric signals, such as blood pressure, water content, or weight.

[0325] Input sensor 1163 can sense user interactions including touch, tap, gestures, motion, verbal commands, and eye movements. Input sensor 1163 includes optical sensors for image capture, eye tracking, or motion and gesture detection. The optical sensors can be infrared or semiconductor photodetectors. Input sensor 1163 includes audio and acoustic sensors, which can be MEMS microphones for speech recognition or sound-based interactions. The audio and acoustic sensors can be mounted or embedded in display panel 1141 as part of user interface 1161.

[0326] The digitizer 1164 can generate data values ​​corresponding to the coordinate information of pen or mouse input to control the movement of the screen cursor. The digitizer 1164 can also generate electromagnetic changes caused by input as data values. The digitizer 1164 can detect input from a passive pen or transmit and receive data using an active pen or remote control.

[0327] At least one of the fingerprint sensor 1162, the input sensor 1163, and the digitizer 1164 can be implemented as a sensor layer formed on the top layer of the display panel 1141 by a process that is continuous with the process of forming elements (e.g., light-emitting elements, transistors, etc.) included in the display panel 1141.

[0328] In addition, the user interface 1161 may also include, for example, a gesture sensor, a gyroscope sensor for sensing rotational motion, an accelerometer sensor for tracking translational motion, a grip sensor, a pressure sensor, a proximity sensor, a color sensor, an infrared (IR) emitter and camera sensor for tracking gaze direction and eye movement, a temperature sensor, or a light sensor. For example, the gyroscope sensor, accelerometer sensor, and infrared emitter and camera may be particularly suitable for AR / VR headset functionality.

[0329] Touchscreen 1142 includes a touch sensor embedded in a semiconductor layer of display panel 1141 to sense pressure applied to the top layer (screen) of display panel 1141. The touch sensor can be capacitive or resistive. Touchscreen 1142 can be used as a primary interface for users to select and browse applications, control electronic device 1000, and interact with electronic device 1000.

[0330] The display panel 1141 (or display) may include a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light-emitting display panel, or an inorganic light-emitting display panel, and the type of display panel 1141 is not particularly limited. The display panel 1141 may be a rigid display panel or a flexible display panel capable of being rolled up or folded. The display module 1140 may also include supports, brackets, heat dissipation components, etc., to support the display panel 1141. The display panel 1141 may include... Figure 1 The display device 10 shown is shown.

[0331] Power module 1150 can supply power to the components of electronic device 1000. Power module 1150 may include a battery charged with a power supply voltage. The battery may include a non-rechargeable primary battery, a rechargeable secondary battery, or a fuel cell. Power module 1150 may include a power management integrated circuit (PMIC). The PMIC can supply optimized power to each of the aforementioned components, including display module 1140.

[0332] Although non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and alterations can be made without departing from the technical spirit or essential characteristics of the present disclosure. Therefore, it should be understood that the above embodiments are not restrictive in any respect, but rather illustrative.

Claims

1. A display device, characterized in that, The display device includes: Base; Multiple light-emitting areas, including multiple light-emitting elements arranged on the substrate; A pixel-defining layer defines the plurality of light-emitting regions; An encapsulation layer is disposed on the plurality of light-emitting elements and the pixel defining layer; and A superlens layer is disposed on the encapsulation layer and includes a plurality of superlenses. The plurality of superlenses are stacked with some of the plurality of light-emitting regions in the thickness direction of the substrate.

2. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of superlenses are not superimposed with others in the plurality of light-emitting regions in the thickness direction of the substrate.

3. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of luminescent regions include: Multiple primary luminescent regions emit light of the primary color; Multiple secondary luminescent regions emit light of a secondary color; and Multiple third luminescent regions emit light of a third color. The first color, the second color, and the third color are different from each other.

4. The display device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The plurality of superlenses includes: A first superlens is superimposed on one of the plurality of first light-emitting regions in the thickness direction of the substrate and refracts light of the first color; A second superlens, superimposed on one of the plurality of second light-emitting regions in the thickness direction of the substrate and refracting light of the second color; and A third superlens is superimposed on one of the plurality of third luminescent regions in the thickness direction of the substrate and refracts light of the third color.

5. The display device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The plurality of superlenses includes a first superlens, a second superlens, and a third superlens stacked in the thickness direction of the substrate with one of the plurality of first light-emitting regions, one of the plurality of second light-emitting regions, and one of the plurality of third light-emitting regions. The first superlens, the second superlens, and the third superlens are stacked on top of each other in the thickness direction of the substrate.

6. The display device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the plurality of first luminescent regions includes a plurality of first sub-luminescent regions; and Each of the plurality of second light-emitting regions includes a plurality of second sub-light-emitting regions. The plurality of first sub-light-emitting regions are arranged adjacent to each other in a first direction parallel to the upper surface of the substrate. The plurality of second sub-light-emitting regions are arranged adjacent to each other in the first direction, and The plurality of first sub-light-emitting regions and the plurality of second sub-light-emitting regions are arranged alternately in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and parallel to the upper surface of the substrate.

7. The display device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The plurality of superlenses includes: A first superlens is superimposed on one of the plurality of first sub-light-emitting regions in the thickness direction of the substrate; and The second superlens is superimposed on one of the plurality of second sub-light-emitting regions in the thickness direction of the substrate.

8. The display device according to claim 7, characterized in that, At least one first sub-light-emitting region or at least one second sub-light-emitting region is disposed between the first superlens and the second superlens in the first direction.

9. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edges of the plurality of superlenses are superimposed on the pixel defining layer in the thickness direction of the substrate.

10. An electronic device including a display device, characterized in that, The display device includes: Base; Multiple light-emitting areas, including multiple light-emitting elements arranged on the substrate; A pixel-defining layer defines the plurality of light-emitting regions; An encapsulation layer is disposed on the plurality of light-emitting elements and the pixel defining layer; and A superlens layer is disposed on the encapsulation layer and includes a plurality of superlenses. The plurality of superlenses are stacked with some of the plurality of light-emitting regions in the thickness direction of the substrate.

Images