A fruit tree rootstock cutting device

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of fruit tree stock cutting device, including the movable plate with the included angle of motion direction and fruit tree surface, further including the sliding sleeve with cutter being slidably arranged in the inside, sliding sleeve is rotatably connected on movable plate, and form cutting position and a unfolded position on movable plate;Wherein, sliding sleeve is locked on cutting position by fixed component, after cutter is retracted sliding sleeve, the locking of cutting position by fixed component can be released. The device is easy to operate, and the structure is reasonable. After cutting the stock, the cut bark can be lifted, so that the branch is inserted into the cutting, effectively improving the efficiency of grafting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fruit tree planting technology, specifically to a fruit tree rootstock incision device. Background Technology

[0002] Grafting is an artificial propagation method used in plants and is also a common method in agricultural planting. It involves grafting a branch or bud of one plant onto the stem or root of another plant, allowing the two parts to grow into a complete plant. Grafting can effectively improve varieties, enhancing the plant's resistance to diseases and pests, overcoming the damage caused by continuous cropping, and increasing plant yield. When grafting fruit trees, a cut needs to be made in the rootstock of the fruit tree to insert the branch into the fruit tree to be grafted.

[0003] For example, the patent with announcement number CN 221863682 U discloses a walnut grafting peeling knife, which includes a peeling knife shell body and a detachable mechanism. The detachable mechanism includes an upper cover, a lower cover, a slider, a first clamping block, a second clamping block, a threaded rod, and a blade. The upper cover and the lower cover provide a place for the blade to be placed in the peeling knife shell body. The first clamping block provides a clamping function for the blade to be held by the second clamping block. The threaded rod provides a sliding condition for the sliding of the second clamping block. The slider provides a sliding condition for the blade to be slidable.

[0004] However, the device also has the following problems: during grafting, after the blade makes an incision on the rootstock, the bark will automatically retract after the blade is removed from the incision because the incision is usually small. This makes it difficult to insert the branch into the incision, requiring manual removal of the bark a second time, which affects the grafting efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, a rootstock grafting device for fruit trees is provided. This device is easy to operate and has a reasonable structure. After making a grafting incision on the rootstock, the cut bark can be lifted, making it easier to insert branches into the incision and effectively improving grafting efficiency.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: This invention proposes a rootstock cutting device for fruit trees, comprising a movable plate whose direction of movement forms an angle with the surface of the fruit tree. It also includes a sliding sleeve with a cutter slidably disposed inside, the sliding sleeve being rotatably connected to the movable plate and forming a cutting position and an unfolding position on the movable plate; The sliding sleeve is locked at the cut position by a fixing component. After the cutter retracts the sliding sleeve, the fixing component can release the locking of the cut position.

[0007] Preferably, it also includes a fixing plate that abuts against the surface of the fruit tree, the fixing plate having an arc-shaped groove that fits the surface of the fruit tree, the fixing plate being used to support the movable plate.

[0008] Preferably, the fixed plate is fixedly connected to an electric actuator, the electric actuator including a push rod, and the push rod is fixedly connected to the movable plate.

[0009] Preferably, the fixing component is a locking pin, which is connected to the movable plate via a return spring. The sliding sleeve has a slot along its length, and the spring force of the return spring causes the locking pin to be placed in the slot, thereby locking the cut position.

[0010] Preferably, the cutter is connected to an unlocking block for driving the locking pin to move away from the slot. The unlocking block is placed in the slot and can slide arbitrarily along the length of the slot.

[0011] Preferably, a coil spring is connected between the sliding sleeve and the movable plate. After the sliding sleeve is unlocked, the spring force causes the sliding sleeve to rotate to the unfolded position.

[0012] Preferably, the cut position and the unfolded position respectively make the sliding sleeve and the movable plate form a first angle and a second angle, wherein the second angle is greater than the first angle.

[0013] Preferably, the sliding sleeve and the cutter are connected by a tension spring, the sliding sleeve is connected to a pin by a second spring, and the cutter has a slot for the pin to slide into.

[0014] Preferably, when the pin is placed in the slot to lock the cutter, the tension spring is in a stretched state, and the elastic force of the tension spring is greater than that of the return spring.

[0015] Preferably, the movable plate is connected to a probe rod that can abut against the surface of the fruit tree via a first spring. The probe rod is connected to a magnet that attracts the pin, and the magnetic force of the magnet is greater than the elastic force of the second spring.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This utility model is equipped with a sliding sleeve. When the sliding sleeve is in the cutting position, the electric push rod pushes the sliding sleeve to move obliquely downward, and the cutter can make a cut on the fruit tree rootstock. When the sliding sleeve is in the unfolded position, the sliding sleeve rotates around the movable plate, which can lift up the cut bark, thereby facilitating the insertion of branches into the cut, effectively improving the grafting efficiency, eliminating the need for workers to lift the bark a second time, and effectively reducing the labor intensity of workers.

[0017] 2. This utility model is equipped with a retractable cutter. After the cutter retracts into the slide, the length of the cutter inserted into the cut becomes shorter. When the slide drives the cutter to rotate and lift the bark, the shorter cutter makes it easier to lift the bark without lifting it at a large angle, effectively reducing the occurrence of bark breakage. At the same time, the cutter retracts before rotating, effectively reducing secondary damage to the cut.

[0018] 3. This utility model is equipped with a probe. When the movable plate moves to contact the probe with the fruit tree surface, the probe will retract into the movable plate. The movement of the probe can drive the magnet to move. The magnet causes the pin to release the limit on the cutter. The tension spring can drive the cutter to automatically retract into the sliding sleeve. At the same time, the movement of the cutter releases the limit on the sliding sleeve by the locking pin. After the cut is formed to a suitable length, the cutter can automatically retract and rotate, which effectively simplifies the operation process and effectively improves the grafting efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This utility model is a three-dimensional Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This utility model is a three-dimensional Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is the front view of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a side view of the present invention; Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure of the movable plate section.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Handle; 2. Button; 3. Fixing plate; 4. Arc groove; 5. Electric actuator; 6. Movable plate; 7. Sliding sleeve; 8. Cutter; 9. Unlocking block; 10. Locking pin; 11. Probe; 12. Pin; 13. Magnet; 14. First spring; 15. Second spring; 16. Tension spring; 17. Slide groove; 18. Battery; 19. Coil spring; 20. Shaft; 21. Slot. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0022] like Figures 1-5As shown, this embodiment proposes a fruit tree rootstock cutting device, including a movable plate 6 whose direction of movement forms an angle with the surface of the fruit tree, and a sliding sleeve 7 with a cutting blade 8 slidably disposed inside. The sliding sleeve 7 is rotatably connected to the movable plate 6 and forms a cutting position and an unfolding position on the movable plate 6. The sliding sleeve 7 is locked at the cut position by a fixing component. After the cutter 8 retracts the sliding sleeve 7, the fixing component can release the locking of the cut position.

[0023] The movable plate 6 can slide in an inclined direction, so that the cutter 8 can cut into the rootstock of the fruit tree, making the cross-section of the opening oblique. This opening method can effectively increase the length of the cambium of the scion and the rootstock, the callus bridging is more complete, and the survival rate is significantly improved. At the same time, it also makes it easier for the scion to be inserted into the cut and adhere tightly. The cut bark rebounds under its own elasticity, generating continuous lateral pressure on the scion.

[0024] In addition, vertical openings tend to form a "V"-shaped sap pool at the bottom, which can easily cause bud rot or scion decay. On the other hand, slanted cuts are shaped like a "slope," allowing sap to flow out along the slope, keeping the cut dry, reducing the risk of infection, and allowing the scion to be inserted close to the bark. The slanted cuts also have active cell division, resulting in faster healing compared to vertical openings.

[0025] It also includes a fixing plate 3 that abuts against the surface of the fruit tree. The fixing plate 3 has an arc-shaped groove 4 that fits the surface of the fruit tree. The fixing plate 3 is used to support the movable plate 6. A handle 1 is fixedly connected to the end of the fixing plate 3 away from the movable plate 6. A battery 18 is installed in the handle 1, and a button 2 is also provided in the handle 1.

[0026] The fixed plate 3 is fixedly connected to the electric push rod 5, which includes a push rod and is fixedly connected to the movable plate 6. The push rod is set in an inclined manner and is slidably connected to the fixed plate 3, so as to facilitate the movement of the movable plate 6 in an inclined direction. The battery 18 is used to power the electric push rod 5, and the button 2 is used to start the electric push rod 5.

[0027] The fixing component is a locking pin 10, which is connected to the movable plate 6 via a return spring. The locking pin 10 and the movable plate 6 are slidably connected. The return spring is sleeved on the locking pin 10, with one end connected to the locking pin 10 and the other end connected to the movable plate 6. The sliding sleeve 7 has a slot 21 along its length. The spring force of the return spring causes the locking pin 10 to be placed in the slot 21. At this time, due to the limiting effect of the locking pin 10, the sliding sleeve 7 cannot rotate, thus locking the cut position.

[0028] The cutter 8 is connected to an unlocking block 9 for moving the locking pin 10 away from the slot 21. The unlocking block 9 is placed in the slot 21 and can slide arbitrarily along the length of the slot 21. The side of the unlocking block 9 near the locking pin 10 is a slope. Therefore, when the cutter 8 retracts, the unlocking block 9 can move the locking pin 10 out of the slot 21 under the action of the slope reaching the bottom, thus unlocking the cut position.

[0029] The movable plate 6 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 20. The sliding sleeve 7 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 20. A coil spring 19 is connected between the sliding sleeve 7 and the movable plate 6. The coil spring 19 is located on one side of the rotating shaft 20. One end of the coil spring 19 is connected to the sliding sleeve 7, and the other end of the coil spring 19 is connected to the movable plate 6. After the sliding sleeve 7 is unlocked, the elastic force of the coil spring 19 causes the sliding sleeve 7 to rotate to the unfolded position. At this time, the sliding sleeve 7 can lift the bark at the cut.

[0030] When the sliding sleeve 7 is in the incision position, the electric push rod 5 pushes the sliding sleeve 7 to move obliquely downwards, and the cutter 8 can make an incision on the fruit tree rootstock. When the sliding sleeve 7 is in the unfolded position, the sliding sleeve 7 rotates around the movable plate 6, which can lift up the cut bark, making it easier for the branch to be inserted into the incision, effectively improving the grafting efficiency, eliminating the need for workers to lift the bark a second time, and effectively reducing the labor intensity of workers.

[0031] The cutting position and the unfolding position respectively make the sliding sleeve 7 and the movable plate 6 form a first angle and a second angle, wherein the second angle is greater than the first angle, and the first angle is an acute angle, which makes it easier for the cutter 8 to cut into the rootstock. The second angle is an acute angle, a right angle, or an obtuse angle, which makes it easier to peel off the bark.

[0032] To facilitate the rotation of the sliding sleeve 7, the movable plate 6 can also be threaded with bolts. The bolts are set horizontally and are located on one side of the sliding sleeve 7. By rotating the bolts, the distance between the bolts and the sliding sleeve 7 can be adjusted. The bolts limit the rotation of the sliding sleeve 7. Different distances between the bolts and the sliding sleeve 7 result in different angles that the sliding sleeve 7 can rotate, thus resulting in different angles at which the bark is lifted. In actual operation, the unfolding angle can be set by rotating the bolts according to the characteristics of the fruit tree's bark.

[0033] The sliding sleeve 7 and the cutter 8 are connected by a tension spring 16. Both the cutter 8 and the tension spring 16 are located inside the sliding sleeve 7. One end of the tension spring 16 is connected to the sliding sleeve 7, and the other end of the tension spring 16 is connected to the cutter 8. The sliding sleeve 7 is connected to a pin 12 by a second spring 15. The pin 12 and the sliding sleeve 7 are slidably connected. The second spring 15 is sleeved on the pin 12. One end of the second spring 15 is connected to the pin 12, and the other end of the second spring 15 is connected to the sliding sleeve 7. The cutter 8 has a slot for the pin 12 to slide into.

[0034] When the pin 12 is placed in the slot to lock the cutter 8, the tension spring 16 is in a stretched state. Therefore, when the pin 12 is moved out of the slot, the tension spring 16 drives the cutter 8 to reset. The elastic force of the tension spring 16 is greater than that of the reset spring, so it can drive the locking pin 10 to move out of the slot 21, thereby releasing the lock on the cutting position. Then, under the action of the coil spring 19, the sliding sleeve 7 is rotated.

[0035] The device is equipped with a retractable blade 8. After the blade 8 retracts into the sliding sleeve 7, the length of the blade 8 that extends into the cut becomes shorter. When the sliding sleeve 7 drives the blade 8 to rotate and lift the bark, the shorter blade 8 makes it easier to lift the bark without lifting it at a large angle, effectively reducing the occurrence of bark breakage. At the same time, the blade 8 retracts before rotating, effectively reducing secondary damage to the cut.

[0036] The movable plate 6 is connected to a probe 11 that can abut against the surface of the fruit tree via a first spring 14. The probe 11 and the movable plate 6 are slidably connected. The first spring 14 is sleeved on the probe 11. One end of the first spring 14 is connected to the probe 11, and the other end of the first spring 14 is connected to the movable plate 6. The probe 11 is set in a horizontal direction.

[0037] The probe 11 is connected to a magnet 13 that attracts the pin 12. The magnetic force of the magnet 13 is greater than the elastic force of the second spring 15. When the movable plate 6 moves to contact the probe 11 with the fruit tree surface, the probe 11 will retract into the movable plate 6. The movement of the probe 11 can drive the magnet 13 to move. The magnet 13 causes the pin 12 to release its restriction on the cutter 8. The tension spring 16 can drive the cutter 8 to automatically retract into the sliding sleeve 7. At the same time, the movement of the cutter 8 releases the restriction of the locking pin 10 on the sliding sleeve 7. After the cut is formed to a suitable length, the cutter 8 can automatically retract and rotate, which effectively simplifies the operation process and effectively improves the grafting efficiency.

[0038] The specific working process is as follows: The operator holds the handle 1 and attaches the arc-shaped groove 4 of the fixing plate 3 to the surface of the fruit tree. The handle 1 allows the fixing plate 3 to be firmly against the fruit tree. By pressing the button 2, the button 2 drives the electric push rod 5 to work. The electric push rod 5 pushes the movable plate 6 to move. The movable plate 6 drives the cutter 8 to move, thereby cutting the rootstock of the fruit tree.

[0039] As the movable plate 6 moves, when it reaches the point where the probe 11 contacts the bark of the fruit tree, the probe 11 retracts into the movable plate 6 as it continues to descend. The movement of the probe 11 drives the magnet 13 to move, which in turn moves the pin 12, thus releasing the restriction on the cutter 8. The tension spring 16 can then drive the cutter 8 to automatically retract into the sliding sleeve 7. Simultaneously, the movement of the cutter 8 causes the locking pin 10 to move out of the slot 21 via the unlocking block 9, releasing the restriction of the locking pin 10 on the sliding sleeve 7. The coil spring 19 drives the sliding sleeve 7 to rotate, which in turn drives the cutter 8 to rotate. The cutter 8 then lifts the bark, opening the cut at a sufficiently suitable angle to facilitate subsequent grafting.

[0040] It should be noted that the electric actuator 5 has two modes of movement. In mode one, the electric actuator 5 moves a fixed distance each time to achieve uniform cut size. In mode two, a switch is connected to the movable plate 6. The switch is located on one side of the probe 11. When the probe 11 retracts into the movable plate 6, the probe 11 presses the switch, and the switch stops the electric actuator 5 from working.

[0041] Taking peach trees as an example, preparations before grafting: Rootstock selection: Select 1-2 year old, healthy, disease-free peach seedlings, with the rootstock diameter controlled at 1-3cm (the fitting range of the arc groove 4 of the fitting board).

[0042] Scion preparation: Select healthy branches of superior peach varieties, cut sections with 2-3 plump buds (8-10cm in length), and cut the lower end of the scion into a wedge shape 3-4cm long (with a smooth cut surface that matches the tool cut).

[0043] Tool inspection: Confirm that handle 1 and button 2 operate flexibly, electric push rod 5, movable plate 6, cutter 8 and other parts are not stuck, probe 11 extends and retracts smoothly, and tension spring 16 and coil spring 19 have normal elasticity.

[0044] Rootstock fixing and incision operation: Hold handle 1 and fit the arc groove 4 of fixing plate 3 tightly into the predetermined grafting position of peach rootstock (15-20cm from the ground, avoiding branches and diseased and pest-infested areas), ensuring that fixing plate 3 is firmly against the rootstock without shaking.

[0045] Select the movement mode of electric actuator 5: If the anvil diameter is uniform, select mode one (fixed movement distance) to ensure that all cuts are of uniform size. If the anvil is uneven in thickness, select mode two (probe trigger stop) to avoid cutting the wood.

[0046] Press button 2, the electric push rod 5 starts and pushes the movable plate 6 to move. The movable plate 6 drives the cutter 8 to move towards the rootstock, completing the longitudinal cut of the rootstock. The movable plate 6 continues to move. When the probe 11 contacts the surface of the peach tree, the tension spring 16 pulls the cutter 8 to retract the sliding sleeve 7. The coil spring 19 drives the sliding sleeve 7 to rotate, which in turn drives the cutter 8 to rotate and lift the bark, so that the cut opens at a suitable angle.

[0047] Quickly insert the prepared wedge-shaped end of the scion into the incision in the rootstock, ensuring that the cambium layers of the scion and rootstock are aligned on at least one side, with 0.5cm of the scion exposed above the base. Tightly wrap the grafting film from the bottom of the rootstock incision upwards, covering the interface and the lower part of the scion, ensuring that the scion and rootstock are firmly attached without gaps. Continue wrapping to the top of the scion, exposing the bud, and then wrap the rest of the scion completely (to prevent moisture loss and pathogen invasion). The wrapping force should be moderate to avoid compressing the cambium layer.

[0048] Electric actuator 5 mode switching: Strictly select mode one or mode two according to the uniformity of the rootstock diameter. For mode two, it is necessary to confirm that the probe 11 is in sensitive contact with the switch to avoid excessive movement of electric actuator 5 and damage to the rootstock.

[0049] Component maintenance: Check the sharpness of the cutter 8 before and after each use. If the cut is dull, sharpen it in time. After use, clean the sawdust from the cutter, slide sleeve 7 and other parts, and apply anti-rust oil to prevent rust.

[0050] Grafting time: The best time to graft is in spring, March to April (before the peach tree sprouts). At this time, the sap flow is vigorous and the healing speed is fast. Grafting can be done in autumn, August to September. It is necessary to avoid high temperature (above 30℃) and rainy season (to prevent the graft union from rotting).

[0051] Rootstock-scion compatibility: Ensure that the rootstock and scion are from the same family and genus. Avoid using rootstocks such as apricot and plum to reduce compatibility risks. If the scion is not used immediately after cutting, it should be wrapped in a damp cloth and stored in a cool place (temperature 5-10℃) for no more than 24 hours to prevent the buds from losing water and dying.

[0052] After the rootstock is cut, the scion should be inserted within 5 minutes to avoid prolonged exposure of the cut surface, which can lead to moisture loss and oxidation, affecting healing. At the same time, when inserting the scion, it is essential to ensure that the cambium layers are aligned. If there is a significant difference in thickness between the rootstock and the scion, the principle of "aligning one side" should be followed, and it is not advisable to force it to be centered, which could cause the cambium layers on both sides to become misaligned.

[0053] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rootstock cutting device for fruit trees, comprising a movable plate (6) whose direction of movement forms an angle with the surface of the fruit tree, characterized in that, It also includes a sliding sleeve (7) with a cutter (8) slidably disposed inside, the sliding sleeve (7) being rotatably connected to the movable plate (6) and forming a cutting position and an unfolding position on the movable plate (6); The sliding sleeve (7) is locked at the cut position by a fixing component. After the cutter (8) retracts the sliding sleeve (7), the fixing component can release the locking of the cut position.

2. The fruit tree rootstock incision device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fixing plate (3) that abuts against the surface of the fruit tree. The fixing plate (3) has an arc-shaped groove (4) that fits against the surface of the fruit tree. The fixing plate (3) is used to support the movable plate (6).

3. The fruit tree rootstock incision device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixed plate (3) is fixedly connected to an electric push rod (5), the electric push rod (5) includes a push rod, and the push rod is fixedly connected to the movable plate (6).

4. The fruit tree rootstock incision device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing component is a locking pin (10), which is connected to the movable plate (6) by a return spring. The sliding sleeve (7) has a slot (21) along its length. The spring force of the return spring causes the locking pin (10) to be placed in the slot (21), thereby locking the cut position.

5. A fruit tree rootstock incision device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cutter (8) is connected to an unlocking block (9) for moving the locking pin (10) away from the slot (21). The unlocking block (9) is placed in the slot (21) and can slide arbitrarily along the length of the slot (21).

6. The fruit tree rootstock incision device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A coil spring (19) is connected between the sliding sleeve (7) and the movable plate (6). After the sliding sleeve (7) is unlocked, the elastic force of the coil spring (19) causes the sliding sleeve (7) to rotate to the unfolded position.

7. A fruit tree rootstock incision device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cut position and the unfolded position respectively make the sliding sleeve (7) and the movable plate (6) form a first included angle and a second included angle, wherein the second included angle is greater than the first included angle.

8. A fruit tree rootstock incision device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding sleeve (7) and the cutter (8) are connected by a tension spring (16). The sliding sleeve (7) is connected to a pin (12) by a second spring (15). The cutter (8) has a slot for the pin (12) to slide into.

9. A fruit tree rootstock incision device according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the pin (12) is placed in the slot to lock the cutter (8), the tension spring (16) is in a stretched state, and the elastic force of the tension spring (16) is greater than that of the return spring.

10. A fruit tree rootstock incision device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The movable plate (6) is connected to a probe (11) that can abut against the surface of the fruit tree via a first spring (14). The probe (11) is connected to a magnet (13) that attracts the pin (12). The magnetic force of the magnet (13) is greater than the elastic force of the second spring (15).

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