A dynamic electroencephalography system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of electronic equipment, concretely relates to a dynamic electroencephalogram system, include: acquisition device for gathering electroencephalogram signal, electroencephalogram recording device, inside is equipped with circuit board, and the circuit board includes: analog front end acquisition unit, digital processing unit, analog front end acquisition unit is connected with acquisition device electricity to obtain electroencephalogram data, and digital processing unit is configured with microcontroller, offline storage module, and microcontroller is connected with analog front end acquisition unit electricity, and offline storage module includes: SDIO interface extension module, SD card, card reading controller, SDIO interface extension module is connected with microcontroller, and SD card is connected with SDIO interface extension module to control SD card real -time writing electroencephalogram data, and card reading controller is connected with SDIO interface extension module to read electroencephalogram data in SD card, and data terminal is connected with digital processing unit electricity to receive and analyze electroencephalogram data, the utility model improves the offline storage and long -range monitoring capability of electroencephalogram recording device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of electronic equipment, and specifically relates to a dynamic electroencephalogram (EEG) system. Background Technology

[0002] Ambulatory EEG (AEEG) is a portable, long-term, continuous monitoring technique for brain activity. To minimize the impact of the hospital environment on brain activity, EEG signals are typically collected during patients' free-movement states in their daily lives (such as at home, at work, or while sleeping). The data is then stored, recorded, and transmitted to a host computer in real time for doctors to analyze. Because abnormal brainwave activity is not always continuous, requiring the storage of large amounts of data over long periods, the recording equipment for ambulatory EEG must balance stable offline storage capabilities with convenient real-time data exchange with the host computer.

[0003] Existing recording devices in the field of dynamic EEG systems not only have low data storage efficiency, but also mostly require wired connection between the recording device and a computer via data cable to record and analyze EEG signals, which cannot conveniently and efficiently meet the needs of long-term clinical EEG monitoring and analysis. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a dynamic EEG system to improve the offline storage and long-term monitoring capabilities of EEG recording devices.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a dynamic EEG system, comprising: a data acquisition device for acquiring EEG signals; an EEG recording device with an internal circuit board, the circuit board including: an analog front-end acquisition unit and a digital processing unit; the analog front-end acquisition unit being electrically connected to the data acquisition device to acquire EEG data; the digital processing unit being configured with a microcontroller and an offline storage module, the microcontroller being electrically connected to the analog front-end acquisition unit; wherein, the offline storage module includes: an SDIO interface expansion module, an SD card, and a card reader controller; the SDIO interface expansion module being connected to the microcontroller, the SD card being connected to the SDIO interface expansion module to control the SD card to write EEG data in real time; and the card reader controller being connected to the SDIO interface expansion module to read EEG data from the SD card; and a data terminal being electrically connected to the digital processing unit to receive and analyze the EEG data.

[0006] Furthermore, the microcontroller is connected to the SDIO interface expansion module via a first command line to send a write card command; the card reading controller is connected to the SDIO interface expansion module via a second command line to send a read card command; and the SD card is connected to the SDIO interface expansion module via an interaction command line to receive the write card command and the read card command.

[0007] Furthermore, the SDIO interface expansion module is configured with an SEL pin, and the GPIO interface of the microcontroller is connected to the SEL pin to transmit an instruction level signal; wherein, when the instruction level signal is configured to a low level, the microcontroller accesses the SD card to write EEG data; when the instruction level signal is configured to a high level, the card reading controller accesses the SD card and reads the EEG data.

[0008] Furthermore, the SDIO interface expansion module is connected to the microcontroller via a first data line to receive EEG data; the SDIO interface expansion module is connected to the SD card via an interactive data line to exchange EEG data; the card reader controller is connected to the SDIO interface expansion module via a second data line to receive EEG data; wherein, the first data line, the second data line, and the interactive data line adopt a 4-bit parallel data transmission mode.

[0009] Furthermore, the SDIO interface extension module is configured with a clock line to provide clock synchronization timing.

[0010] Furthermore, the analog front-end acquisition unit includes: an amplifier electrically connected to the acquisition device to amplify the acquired EEG signals; wherein the acquisition device includes: at least one of a plurality of single-channel electrodes and an EEG cap; a filter connected to the amplifier; and an analog-to-digital converter connected to the filter to output EEG data.

[0011] Furthermore, the microcontroller is connected to the analog-to-digital converter via an SPI interface to control the operation of the analog-to-digital converter and receive EEG data; the microcontroller uses an STM32 chip.

[0012] Furthermore, the digital processing unit is also configured with: a wireless communication module, which is connected to the microcontroller via a UART interface to acquire EEG data; the data terminal is electrically connected to the offline storage module via a data transmission cable, or the data terminal is connected to the wireless communication module via Bluetooth.

[0013] Furthermore, the digital processing unit is also configured with: a power module connected to the microcontroller, the power module including: a battery, a voltage regulator, and a power detection circuit; and a display module connected to the microcontroller via a 16-bit parallel port.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes: an event button, electrically connected to the circuit board, configured to insert an event timestamp into the EEG data stream when the event button is triggered; and a display, communicatively connected to the data terminal via a wireless local area network, or electrically connected to the offline storage module via a data transmission cable, to receive and display the EEG data.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention discloses a dynamic EEG system that incorporates a microcontroller on a circuit board within the EEG recording device, along with an offline storage module comprising an SDIO interface expansion module, an SD card, and a card reader controller. By connecting the SDIO interface expansion module to the microcontroller and the SD card to the SDIO interface expansion module, EEG data is written to the SD card in real time. Connecting the card reader controller to the SDIO interface expansion module allows the card reader controller to read the EEG data from the SD card. Finally, a data terminal is electrically connected to a digital processing unit to receive and analyze the EEG data. This dynamic EEG system enhances the offline storage capability of the EEG recording device, enabling more convenient and efficient long-term clinical EEG monitoring and analysis.

[0016] Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. To make the foregoing objects, features and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a framework diagram of the dynamic electroencephalogram system of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the card writing and reading principles of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the chip of the card reader controller of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0022] SeeFigure 1 This embodiment provides a dynamic EEG system, including: a data acquisition device for acquiring EEG signals; an event button electrically connected to a circuit board; an EEG recording device having a circuit board electrically connected to the data acquisition device inside, and an analog front-end acquisition unit and a digital processing unit interconnected on the circuit board; a data terminal electrically connected to the digital processing unit to receive and analyze EEG data; and a display electrically connected to the data terminal or the digital processing unit to receive and display EEG data.

[0023] Optionally, in clinical dynamic EEG monitoring applications, the process is generally divided into patient-side and doctor-side. Specifically, on the patient-side, the patient wears a data acquisition device to continuously record EEG signals for extended periods, capturing changes in EEG activity during different states such as wakefulness, sleep, and activity. The data acquisition device is connected to the EEG recording device via a cable, allowing the acquired EEG data to be stored in real-time on an SD card in an offline storage module on the circuit board. Additionally, an event button can be connected to the EEG recording device, electrically connected to the circuit board, used to mark events that occur during data acquisition. A display is connected to the data terminal via a wireless LAN or electrically connected to the offline storage module via a data transmission cable to receive and display the EEG data.

[0024] Optional, see Figure 1 On the doctor's end, the doctor receives EEG data by connecting a data terminal (usually a tablet, mobile phone, or other portable device) to the EEG recording device. The data terminal has built-in recording software that allows the following operations: managing user information, including patient number, name, date of birth, gender, and recording duration; selecting devices, where the interface displays the status information of all available EEG recording devices within Bluetooth range (including device alias, serial number, SD card capacity, and remaining battery power), and the data terminal can connect to the wireless communication module within the selected EEG recording device via Bluetooth; data recording, after connecting to the selected EEG recording device via Bluetooth, the data terminal displays the waveform information of the collected EEG data and initiates data recording to store the data in real time on the SD card (the microcontroller commands the SD card to write); and data retrieval, after recording is complete, connecting the data terminal and the EEG recording device with a data transmission cable allows data to be retrieved from the SD card and transferred to the data terminal (the microcontroller commands the SD card to read). In addition, doctors can connect the local server to the EEG recording device via a data transmission cable to upload data. The local server is equipped with playback software that can store EEG data and display the EEG data on a monitor. It also supports rapid localization and analysis of EEG signals based on event tags.

[0025] Optionally, the acquisition device can be several single-channel electrodes or an EEG cap, with multiple acquisition channels corresponding to the target acquisition positions to acquire the patient's EEG signals. For example, the acquisition device can support the simultaneous acquisition of 21-channel EEG signals and 3-channel differential signals, achieving high-precision 24-channel EEG data acquisition and analysis, with more diverse usage methods suitable for different clinical needs.

[0026] Optionally, the event button is a physical button device used to extend the event marking function. It is connected to the EEG recording device via a data cable. When a typical event occurs during the recording process, the event button can be pressed. The analog front-end acquisition unit of the circuit board receives the event signal at the time of pressing and inserts the event timestamp into the EEG data stream. This allows doctors to more specifically view the data during that period and make judgments on the patient's EEG activity when reviewing the data after recording is completed.

[0027] Optionally, the EEG recording device is the core of the dynamic EEG system located at the patient's end, used for data collection, storage, and conversion. The internal working principle of the EEG recording device is explained in detail below.

[0028] This is one of the optional implementation methods for an analog front-end acquisition unit.

[0029] Optional, see Figure 1 The analog front-end acquisition unit is electrically connected to the acquisition device to acquire EEG data. The analog front-end acquisition unit includes: an amplifier, electrically connected to the acquisition device, used to amplify the acquired EEG signals. The amplifier has high input impedance to maximize the reception of weak EEG signals, while also having low noise to ensure signal quality; a filter, connected to the amplifier, used to remove power frequency interference and electromagnetic environmental noise from the amplified EEG signals, effectively suppressing interference signals and retaining useful EEG signals; and an analog-to-digital converter, connected to the filter, using a 24-bit high-precision ADC to convert the analog EEG signals into digital EEG data for data storage and analysis.

[0030] This is one possible implementation of the digital processing unit.

[0031] Optional, see Figure 1 The digital processing unit is equipped with a microcontroller for coordinating and controlling the acquisition, storage, and retrieval of EEG signals. The microcontroller is connected to the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) via an SPI interface to control the ADC's operation (including start / stop, conversion rate, and other parameters) and to receive EEG data. Preferably, the microcontroller is an STM32 chip.

[0032] Optional, see Figure 1 , Figure 2The digital processing unit is equipped with an offline storage module that enables high-speed communication with the SD card via the SDIO interface. Based on timestamps, it stores EEG data from different times in real-time and in an orderly manner onto the SD card. Specifically, the offline storage module includes: an SDIO interface expansion module, an SD card, and a card reader controller. The SDIO interface expansion module is connected to the microcontroller, and the SD card is connected to the SDIO interface expansion module to control the real-time writing of EEG data to the SD card; and the card reader controller is connected to the SDIO interface expansion module to read the EEG data from the SD card.

[0033] Optional, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 The microcontroller connects to the SDIO interface expansion module via the first command line (ACMD interface) to send write card commands; the card reader controller connects to the SDIO interface expansion module via the second command line (BCMD interface) to send read card commands; and the SD card connects to the SDIO interface expansion module via the interaction command line (CMD interface) to receive write and read card commands. ACMD, BCMD, and CMD all use the microcontroller's link command configuration file. Write card commands include: start write command, set data write address, and specify the number of data blocks to write; read card commands include: start read command, set data read address, and specify the number of data blocks to read.

[0034] Optional, see Figure 2 The SDIO interface expansion module is equipped with an SEL pin. The microcontroller's GPIO interface is connected to the SEL pin to transmit command level signals to the SDIO interface expansion module. Specifically, when the command level signal is configured to low, the microcontroller accesses the SD card to write EEG data; when the command level signal is configured to high, the card reader accesses the SD card and reads the EEG data.

[0035] Optional, see Figure 2 The SDIO interface expansion module connects to the microcontroller via the first data line (interfaces ASDD0-ASDD3) to receive EEG data; the SDIO interface expansion module connects to the SD card via the interactive data line (interfaces SDD0-SDD3) to exchange EEG data; the card reader controller connects to the SDIO interface expansion module via the second data line (interfaces BSDD0-BSDD3) to receive EEG data. The first data line, second data line, and interactive data line all employ a 4-bit parallel data transmission mode.

[0036] Optional, see Figure 2The SDIO interface expansion module is equipped with clock lines to provide clock synchronization. Specifically, the SDIO interface expansion module synchronizes with the microcontroller clock via the first clock line (ACLK interface); the SD card synchronizes with the SDIO interface expansion module clock via the interaction clock line (CLK interface); and the SDIO interface expansion module synchronizes with the card reader controller clock via the second clock line (BCLK interface). These clock lines ensure that data transmission, command interaction, and other operations between the microcontroller, card reader controller, and SD card are performed under precise clock synchronization.

[0037] It should be noted that, see Figure 3 In this embodiment, the card reader controller uses the GL823K-HCY04 chip (other models of card reader controllers can also be selected according to actual needs). The card reader controller includes a USB 2.0 transceiver module, responsible for implementing the physical layer functions of the USB 2.0 protocol, including data transmission and reception, signal encoding and decoding, etc. Specifically, after the card reader controller reads data from the SD card, the USB 2.0 transceiver module converts the parallel data inside the chip into a serial differential signal conforming to the USB 2.0 protocol, and sends it to the data terminal from the DM pin and DP pin via the USB interface.

[0038] Optional, see Figure 1 The digital processing unit is also equipped with a wireless communication module, which connects to the microcontroller via a UART interface to acquire EEG data and then wirelessly transmits the data to a data terminal for online previewing of EEG signals or offline long-term storage. For example, the wireless communication module is Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), operating in the 2.4 GHz frequency band. Specifically, the data terminal communicates with the EEG recording device and acquires data in the following ways: via Bluetooth to the wireless communication module, or via a data transmission cable to the USB interface of the card reader controller.

[0039] Optional, see Figure 1 The digital processing unit also includes a power module connected to the microcontroller. The power module comprises a battery, a voltage regulator, and a power detection circuit. Specifically, it can use four dry cell batteries. The voltage regulator is configured to boost the battery voltage to the system's required voltage, enabling over 48 hours of continuous dynamic EEG monitoring. The power detection circuit monitors the battery level and issues an alarm when the battery is low, prompting the user to replace it. Alternatively, the power module can be powered by a power bank, extending the system's runtime to up to 72 hours, making it ideal for recording EEG data in dynamic scenarios.

[0040] Optional, see Figure 1The digital processing unit also includes a display module, which connects to the microcontroller via a 16-bit parallel data transmission interface. The display module updates the device's status information in real time, such as battery level, recording duration, remaining recording duration, and recording status. When a device malfunctions, the screen displays corresponding error messages and prompts, improving troubleshooting efficiency.

[0041] This utility model's dynamic EEG system enables all data acquisition and device management functions to be completed on a single data terminal (such as a tablet), achieving rapid and unified data collection and archiving. In terms of hardware, it integrates a high-precision analog-to-digital converter, a high-speed storage architecture using the SDIO protocol, and a long-lasting dry-cell battery design, solving the pain point of long-term dynamic EEG monitoring. In terms of system architecture, it adopts a multi-terminal collaborative architecture (acquisition end → mobile analysis end → display and playback end) and event marking function, enhancing data management efficiency. Technically, it optimizes hardware power supply and controls system power consumption through dual protection via Bluetooth Low Energy transmission and local SD card storage, achieving long-term continuous monitoring.

[0042] This invention provides a multi-channel, mobile-oriented dynamic EEG system that accurately captures sporadic or occult EEG abnormalities (such as interictal discharges in epilepsy and sleep events), enabling its application in various clinical fields. For example, in neurology, it can be used for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of epilepsy in children, tic disorders, ADHD, and paroxysmal disorders; and for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of epilepsy in adults, stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, and intracranial infections. In neurosurgery, it can be used for initial screening of epilepsy patients and regular follow-up visits for postoperative patients. In neurorehabilitation, it can be used for the differentiation of functional and organic mental disorders and for the auxiliary assessment of cognitive dysfunction. In neurocritical care, it can be used for prognostic assessment of comatose patients and follow-up visits for critically ill patients. In mental health, it can be used for prognostic assessment of comatose patients and regular follow-up visits for rehabilitated patients.

[0043] In summary, the dynamic EEG system of this invention features a microcontroller mounted on a circuit board within the EEG recording device, along with an offline storage module comprising an SDIO interface expansion module, an SD card, and a card reader controller. By connecting the SDIO interface expansion module to the microcontroller and the SD card to the SDIO interface expansion module, EEG data is written to the SD card in real time. Connecting the card reader controller to the SDIO interface expansion module allows the card reader controller to read the EEG data from the SD card. Finally, a data terminal is electrically connected to a digital processing unit to receive and analyze the EEG data. This dynamic EEG system enhances the offline storage capability of the EEG recording device, enabling more convenient and efficient long-term clinical EEG monitoring and analysis.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0046] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed.

[0047] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of this utility model, and through the above description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of this utility model. That is, the technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the contents of the specification.

Claims

1. A dynamic electroencephalogram (EEG) system, characterized in that, include: The acquisition device is used to acquire electroencephalogram (EEG) signals; An electroencephalogram (EEG) recording device includes an internal circuit board comprising: an analog front-end acquisition unit and a digital processing unit; the analog front-end acquisition unit is electrically connected to the acquisition device to acquire EEG data; the digital processing unit is equipped with a microcontroller and an offline storage module, the microcontroller being electrically connected to the analog front-end acquisition unit; wherein... The offline storage module includes: an SDIO interface expansion module, an SD card, and a card reader controller; the SDIO interface expansion module is connected to the microcontroller, and the SD card is connected to the SDIO interface expansion module to control the SD card to write EEG data in real time; and the card reader controller is connected to the SDIO interface expansion module to read the EEG data in the SD card. A data terminal is electrically connected to the digital processing unit to receive and analyze EEG data.

2. The dynamic EEG system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The microcontroller is connected to the SDIO interface expansion module via a first command line to send write commands. The card reader controller is connected to the SDIO interface expansion module via a second command line to send card reading commands; The SD card is connected to the SDIO interface expansion module via an interactive command line to receive the write and read commands.

3. The dynamic EEG system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The SDIO interface expansion module is configured with an SEL pin, and the microcontroller's GPIO interface is connected to the SEL pin to transmit command level signals; wherein... When the instruction level signal is configured to be low, the microcontroller accesses the SD card to write EEG data. When the instruction level signal is configured to a high level, the card reader controller accesses the SD card and reads the EEG data.

4. The dynamic EEG system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The SDIO interface expansion module is connected to the microcontroller via the first data line to receive EEG data; The SDIO interface expansion module is connected to the SD card via an interactive data cable to exchange EEG data; The card reader controller is connected to the SDIO interface expansion module via a second data line to receive EEG data; wherein, The first data line, the second data line, and the interactive data line adopt a 4-bit parallel data transmission mode.

5. The dynamic EEG system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The SDIO interface extension module is configured with a clock line to provide clock synchronization timing.

6. The dynamic EEG system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated front-end acquisition unit includes: An amplifier, electrically connected to the acquisition device, amplifies the acquired EEG signals; wherein the acquisition device includes at least one of a plurality of single-channel electrodes and an EEG cap; The filter is connected to the amplifier; An analog-to-digital converter is connected to the filter to output EEG data.

7. The dynamic EEG system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The microcontroller is connected to the analog-to-digital converter via an SPI interface to control the operation of the analog-to-digital converter and receive EEG data; The microcontroller uses an STM32 chip.

8. The dynamic EEG system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The digital processing unit is also equipped with a wireless communication module, which is connected to the microcontroller via a UART interface to acquire EEG data. The data terminal is electrically connected to the offline storage module via a data transmission cable, or the data terminal is connected to the wireless communication module via Bluetooth.

9. The dynamic EEG system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The digital processing unit is also configured with: A power module is connected to the microcontroller, and the power module includes: a battery, a voltage regulator, and a power detection circuit; The display module is connected to the microcontroller via a 16-bit parallel port.

10. The dynamic EEG system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An event button, electrically connected to the circuit board, is configured to insert an event timestamp into the EEG data stream when the event button is triggered. The display is connected to the data terminal via a wireless local area network or electrically connected to the offline storage module via a data transmission cable to receive and display EEG data.

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