An auxiliary device for percutaneous kidney puncture without water accumulation in kidney
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521036762.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-05-23
AI Technical Summary
[0004]但是，在手术过程中，通过超声或者X射线进行穿刺定位引导时，因膨胀后的囊体上没有参照物，不便于定位，会影响穿刺
[0012]1、本实用新型把主导管把第一囊体从患者的输尿管插入肾脏内，通过第一支管向第一囊体内注入液体，例如生理盐水或者是造影剂，使得第一囊体膨胀，把干瘪的肾脏支撑起来，使得术野更清晰，方便进行穿刺。且在第一囊体上设置了网格线，膨胀后的第一囊体表面的网格线给穿刺提供了定位点，可以更好的引导定位穿刺，提高了穿刺的效果。主导管上的第二囊体膨胀后固定在输尿管上，可以阻碍主导管在体内滑动，使得第一囊体的位置不易受到影响。
Smart Images
Figure CN224911309U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical technology, and in particular to an auxiliary device for percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the absence of hydronephrosis. Background Technology
[0002] In the medical field, patients with kidney stones and hydronephrosis require percutaneous nephrolithotomy and renal biopsy for treatment. The puncture is usually guided by ultrasound or X-ray. If the hydronephrosis is severe, renal biopsy is easier to achieve because the expanded kidney provides a better surgical field and facilitates puncture. For patients with mild hydronephrosis, the difficulty of puncture increases significantly, leading to prolonged operation time, a higher probability of puncture failure, and adverse effects on the patient.
[0003] Hospitals typically create artificial hydronephrosis to improve puncture efficiency. Traditionally, this involves inserting a ureteral catheter into the ureter before surgery to create a flushing channel, thus artificially creating hydronephrosis. However, during this process, due to slightly higher pressure in the renal pelvis, the flushing fluid can flow along the outer wall of the ureteral catheter into the bladder, affecting the formation of the artificial hydronephrosis and preventing the kidney from remaining in an inflated state during surgery, thereby increasing the difficulty of puncture. Therefore, a catheter with a cyst has been developed. This catheter is inserted from the ureter into the kidney, and saline or contrast agent is injected into the cyst to inflate it, causing the kidney to expand. Maintaining the inflated state of the cyst during surgery provides a clear surgical field, facilitating puncture.
[0004] However, during the procedure, when using ultrasound or X-ray guidance for puncture localization, the lack of reference points on the expanded cyst makes localization difficult and can affect the puncture. Furthermore, the cyst's position within the kidney is not fixed; it may move forward or backward with the catheter, potentially impacting puncture localization. The pressure exerted on the kidney by the expanded cyst cannot be well controlled. Utility Model Content
[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide an auxiliary device for percutaneous nephrolithotomy without hydronephrosis. This device not only facilitates the creation of artificial hydronephrosis but also allows for better puncture positioning, improves puncture efficacy, and controls the pressure generated by the artificial hydronephrosis.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:
[0007] A percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) device for non-hydropyocele kidneys mainly includes a main tube, a pressure measuring structure, and a water injection structure. The main tube contains a first conduit, and its inner wall has a closed second conduit and a closed third conduit. The lengths of the second and third conduits are parallel to the length of the first conduit. A first sac and a second sac are sequentially arranged around the outer wall of the main tube. The first sac is located near the front end of the main tube and has a grid pattern on its surface. A first through-hole and a second through-hole are formed on the side wall of the main tube. The first sac communicates with the second conduit through the first through-hole, and the second sac communicates with the third conduit through the second through-hole. The end of the main tube... The outer wall of the main pipe is provided with a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe. The first branch pipe is connected to the second pipe, and the second branch pipe is connected to the third pipe. The end of the first branch pipe is provided with a first connector, the end of the second branch pipe is provided with a second connector, and the end of the main pipe is provided with a third connector. A guide wire is inserted into the first pipe of the main pipe, and the guide wire is detachably connected to the third connector. The pressure measuring structure is provided with a first interface, a second interface, and a third interface. The first interface, the second interface, and the third interface are interconnected. The first connector is detachably connected to the first interface, the second connector is detachably connected to the second interface, and the third interface is detachably connected to the water injection structure.
[0008] Furthermore, the pressure measuring structure includes a housing, with the first interface and the second interface installed at the first end of the housing, and the third interface installed at the second end of the housing. A first solenoid valve is installed on the first interface, a second solenoid valve is installed on the second interface, and a third solenoid valve is installed on the third interface. A water pressure sensor and a controller are provided inside the housing, and the water pressure sensor, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, and the third solenoid valve are all electrically connected to the controller.
[0009] Furthermore, the water injection structure includes a storage cylinder and a cylinder cover. The cylinder cover is installed on the opening of the storage cylinder, and the cylinder cover has a cover hole and multiple air holes. An electric push rod is installed on the cylinder cover, and the push rod of the electric push rod extends into the storage cylinder through the cover hole. A piston is connected to the end of the push rod, and the piston is slidably connected inside the storage cylinder. A water pipe is provided at the bottom of the storage cylinder, and the water pipe is detachably connected to a third interface. A valve is installed on the water pipe, and the electric push rod is electrically connected to a controller.
[0010] Furthermore, one end of the guide wire is provided with an arc-shaped block, the other end of the guide wire is provided with a connecting cap, and the end of the main tube is provided with a third connector, which is threadedly connected to the connecting cap.
[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0012] 1. This invention involves inserting a first cyst into the kidney through a main tube via the ureter. Liquid, such as saline or contrast agent, is injected into the first cyst through a first branch tube, causing it to expand and support the shrunken kidney, resulting in a clearer surgical field and easier puncture. A grid pattern is incorporated into the first cyst; this grid provides positioning points for the puncture, improving guidance and effectiveness. A second cyst on the main tube expands and is fixed to the ureter, preventing the main tube from sliding within the body and minimizing interference with the position of the first cyst.
[0013] 2. Both the first branch tube connected to the first bladder and the second branch tube connected to the second bladder are connected to the pressure measuring structure. The controller of the pressure measuring structure controls the water injection structure to automatically inject water into the first and second bladders, causing them to expand. The first and second bladders are not injected with water simultaneously. The water pressure sensor of the pressure measuring structure measures the pressure of the first and second bladders separately. When the water pressure reaches a certain threshold, the water injection structure stops injecting water, ensuring that the pressure of the first and second bladders does not become too high and affect the patient's health. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided in the embodiment of this utility model.
[0015] Figure 2 This is a top view of the overall structure provided in the embodiment of this utility model.
[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main guide tube provided in an embodiment of this utility model.
[0017] Among them, 1 is the first capsule, 2 is the main conduit, 3 is the second capsule, 4 is the first branch tube, 5 is the first connector, 6 is the first interface, 7 is the housing, 8 is the third interface, 9 is the water pipe, 10 is the liquid storage cylinder, 11 is the cylinder cover, 12 is the air hole, 13 is the electric push rod, 14 is the valve, 15 is the third connector, 16 is the second interface, 17 is the second connector, 18 is the second branch tube, and 19 is the grid line. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and represent schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the present patent. In order to better illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product size. It is understandable for those skilled in the art that some well-known structures, components, and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings. The terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used to illustrate the invention and do not represent the actual product's location. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0019] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0020] A specific embodiment, as shown in the figure, represents a preferred embodiment of this utility model. A percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) auxiliary device for hydronephrosis-free kidneys mainly includes a main tube 2, a pressure measuring structure, and a water injection structure. The main tube 2 contains a first pipe, and a closed second pipe and a closed third pipe are provided on the inner wall of the first pipe. The length directions of the second and third pipes are parallel to the length direction of the first pipe. A first sac 1 and a second sac 3 are sequentially arranged around the outer wall of the main tube 2. The first sac 1 is located near the front end of the main tube 2, and its surface is provided with grid lines 19. A first through hole and a second through hole are provided on the side wall of the main tube 2. The first sac 1 communicates with the second pipe through the first through hole, and the second sac 3 communicates with the third pipe through the second through hole. A second through hole is provided on the outer wall of the end of the main tube 2. The system includes a first branch pipe 4 and a second branch pipe 18. The first branch pipe 4 is connected to the second pipe, and the second branch pipe 18 is connected to the third pipe. The first branch pipe 4 is provided with a first connector 5 at its end, and the second branch pipe 18 is provided with a second connector 17 at its end. The main pipe 2 is provided with a third connector 15 at its end. A guide wire is inserted into the first pipe of the main pipe 2, and the guide wire is detachably connected to the third connector 15. The pressure measuring structure is provided with a first interface 6, a second interface 16, and a third interface 8. The first interface 6, the second interface 16, and the third interface 8 are interconnected. The first connector 5 is detachably connected to the first interface 6, the second connector 17 is detachably connected to the second interface 16, and the third interface 8 is detachably connected to the water injection structure.
[0021] Doctors decide whether to use this device based on the patient's actual condition. If the patient has a small amount of hydronephrosis, the kidney is relatively shrunken, the surgical field is poor, and puncture is inconvenient, then this device is needed to create artificial hydronephrosis, causing the kidney to expand, widening the surgical field, and improving puncture efficiency. In practical use, the main tube 2 is inserted into the kidney through the patient's infusion tube. Because the main tube 2 is made of soft silicone material, which is relatively weak, the resistance generated by the ureter is relatively large, making it difficult to insert the main tube 2 properly. Therefore, a guide wire is inserted into the first channel of the main tube 2, and the main tube 2 is inserted into the body through the guide wire. The use of guide wires in assisting catheter insertion is a common technique and will not be described in detail here. When the main tube 2 is inserted into the body with the assistance of the guide wire, an ultrasound probe can be used to help view the position of the front end of the main tube, ensuring that the first capsule 1 of the main tube 2 is inserted into the kidney, while the second capsule 3 is located inside the infusion tube. When the first sac 1 needs to be inflated, the third port 8 and the first port 6 connected to the first sac 1 are opened, and the second port 16 connected to the second sac 3 is closed. The water injection structure injects saline or contrast agent into the first sac 1 through the third port 8 and the first port 6, causing the first sac 1 to inflate. This inflates the kidney. A grid line 19 is provided on the surface of the first sac 1 to provide positioning points for better puncture localization. However, to avoid excessive pressure on the kidney due to over-inflation of the first sac 1, the pressure of the first sac 1 is monitored using a pressure measuring structure during water injection. Water injection is stopped when the pressure exceeds a certain value. To better fix the first sac 1 within the kidney, the second sac 3, located on the main tube 2, is inflated and fixed within the ureter, thus fixing the position of the main tube 2 and reducing displacement of the first sac 1 due to movement of the main tube 2. When the second bladder 3 needs to expand, the first port 6 is closed, and the second port 16 and the third port 8 are opened. Water is injected into the second bladder 3 through the injection structure to expand it. Simultaneously, the pressure in the second bladder 3 is monitored by the pressure measuring structure to prevent excessive expansion that could cause excessive pressure on the ureter. The pressure measuring structure can be removed, disinfected, and reused, saving costs.
[0022] Furthermore, the pressure measuring structure includes a housing 7. The first interface 6 and the second interface 16 are installed at the first end of the housing 7, and the third interface 8 is installed at the second end of the housing 7. A first solenoid valve is installed on the first interface 6, a second solenoid valve is installed on the second interface 16, and a third solenoid valve is installed on the third interface 8. A water pressure sensor and a controller are provided inside the housing 7. The water pressure sensor, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, and the third solenoid valve are all electrically connected to the controller. When water is injected into the first bladder 1, the second solenoid valve remains closed. When the pressure in the first bladder 1 is too high, the water pressure sensor of the pressure measuring structure senses that the pressure in the first bladder 1 has reached a set threshold. The controller, which is electrically connected to the water pressure sensor, controls the first solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve to close, preventing the water injection structure from injecting more water into the first bladder 1, thereby controlling the degree of expansion of the first bladder 1 and the pressure exerted on the kidney. Then, the controller controls the second interface 16 and the third interface 8 to open, while the first interface 6 is closed, allowing water to be injected into the second bladder 3 to make it expand. When the water pressure sensor senses that the pressure inside the second bladder 3 has reached the set value, the controller controls the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve to close, so that the water injection structure can no longer inject water into the second bladder 3, and the second bladder 3 will no longer expand.
[0023] The water injection structure can be manually injected using an existing syringe, which is convenient and simple in structure. However, manual water injection using a syringe is difficult to control in terms of force, making it difficult to control the injection speed and the expansion speed of the first bladder 1 or the second bladder 3. Furthermore, it requires a dedicated operator, which is difficult to implement when manpower is insufficient. Therefore, the water injection structure further includes a reservoir 10 and a cap 11. The cap 11 is installed on the opening of the reservoir 10, and has a cap hole and multiple air holes 12. An electric push rod 13 is installed on the cap 11, and the push rod of the electric push rod 13 extends into the reservoir 10 through the cap hole. A piston is connected to the end of the push rod, and the piston is slidably connected inside the reservoir 10. A water pipe 9 is provided at the bottom of the reservoir 10, and the water pipe 9 is detachably connected to a third interface 8. A valve 14 is installed on the water pipe 9, and the electric push rod 13 is electrically connected to a controller. When the push rod of the electric actuator 13 drives the piston to slide outward, the cover hole on the cylinder cap 11 allows the air between the cylinder cap 11 and the piston to communicate with the outside, enabling the piston to slide smoothly outward and allowing the water pipe 9 to draw external saline or contrast agent into the reservoir 10. By replacing manual water injection with electric operation, the injection speed remains constant, allowing the first capsule 1 and the second capsule 3 to expand at a uniform speed without requiring a dedicated operator. Furthermore, because the electric actuator 13 is connected to the controller, when the pressure of the first capsule 1 and the second capsule 3 reaches the set value, the controller can directly stop the electric actuator 13, ceasing water injection and better controlling the expansion of the first capsule 1 and the second capsule 3. After the piston, driven by the electric actuator 13, draws saline or contrast agent into the reservoir 10, the water pipe 9 is closed via valve 14 to prevent liquid from flowing out of the reservoir 10 and polluting the environment. When the water pipe 9 is connected to the third interface 8 of the pressure measuring structure, the liquid in the storage tank 10 will not flow out of the water pipe 9, affecting the connection, nor will it contaminate the liquid inside the storage tank 10.
[0024] Furthermore, one end of the guide wire is provided with an arc-shaped block, the other end of the guide wire is provided with a connecting cap, and the end of the main tube 2 is provided with a third connector 15, which is threadedly connected to the connecting cap. The arc-shaped block at the front end of the guide wire makes it less likely for the guide wire to puncture the main tube 2. After the guide wire is used to assist the insertion of the active tube into the kidney, the guide wire can be removed from the main tube 2, reducing the discomfort caused by the relatively stiff guide wire being placed in the body.
[0025] The above description is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the patent application of the present utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made under the technical spirit of the present utility model should fall within the patent scope covered by the present utility model.
Claims
1. A percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) device for non-hydrophobic kidneys, characterized in that: It mainly includes a main pipe, a pressure measuring structure, and a water injection structure. The pipe inside the main pipe is a first pipe. A closed second pipe and a closed third pipe are arranged on the inner wall of the first pipe. The length directions of the second and third pipes are parallel to the length direction of the first pipe. A first bladder and a second bladder are sequentially arranged around the outer wall of the main pipe. The first bladder is near the front end of the main pipe, and a grid line is provided on its surface. A first through hole and a second through hole are opened on the side wall of the main pipe. The first bladder communicates with the second pipe through the first through hole, and the second bladder communicates with the third pipe through the second through hole. A [missing information - likely a design element] is provided on the outer wall of the end of the main pipe. The first branch pipe and the second branch pipe are connected to the second pipe and the second branch pipe is connected to the third pipe. The first branch pipe is provided with a first connector at its end, the second branch pipe is provided with a second connector at its end, and the main pipe is provided with a third connector at its end. A guide wire is inserted into the first pipe of the main pipe, and the guide wire is detachably connected to the third connector. The pressure measuring structure is provided with a first interface, a second interface, and a third interface, which are interconnected. The first connector is detachably connected to the first interface, the second connector is detachably connected to the second interface, and the third interface is detachably connected to the water injection structure.
2. The percutaneous nephrolithotomy device for non-hydrophobic kidneys as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure measuring structure includes a housing. The first interface and the second interface are installed at the first end of the housing, and the third interface is installed at the second end of the housing. A first solenoid valve is installed on the first interface, a second solenoid valve is installed on the second interface, and a third solenoid valve is installed on the third interface. A water pressure sensor and a controller are provided inside the housing. The water pressure sensor, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, and the third solenoid valve are all electrically connected to the controller.
3. The percutaneous nephrolithotomy device for non-hydrophobic kidneys as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The water injection structure includes a storage cylinder and a cylinder cover. The cylinder cover is installed on the opening of the storage cylinder and has a cover hole and multiple air holes. An electric push rod is installed on the cylinder cover, and the push rod of the electric push rod extends into the storage cylinder through the cover hole. A piston is connected to the end of the push rod and is slidably connected inside the storage cylinder. A water pipe is provided at the bottom of the storage cylinder and is detachably connected to a third interface. A valve is installed on the water pipe. The electric push rod is electrically connected to a controller.
4. The percutaneous nephrolithotomy device for non-hydrophobic kidneys as described in claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the guide wire is provided with an arc-shaped block, the other end of the guide wire is provided with a connecting cap, and the end of the main tube is provided with a third connector, which is threadedly connected to the connecting cap.