Knee joint fixation support device and joint surgery apparatus

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of knee joint fixed support device and joint surgical equipment, wherein knee joint fixed support device includes: fixed mechanism, including the leg support structure for fixing human body shank and the foot support structure for fixing human body foot, and the leg support structure is connected with the foot support structure;Support mechanism includes the base connected with the foot support structure and the support wheel on the base, and support wheel is equipped with multiple teeth parts;Wherein, support wheel is used to abut with surgical support surface to support leg support structure and foot support structure switching is straightened state, and leg support structure and foot support structure are relatively fixed and can also rotate around hip joint to switch around knee state;When the foot support structure and surgical support surface form knee angle to switch to the corresponding tooth part of knee state, surgical support surface abuts to limit foot support structure. By adopting the above technical scheme, its structure is more simple, reduces the limit to operating bed, enhances applicability, improves the convenience of surgical operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of joint surgery equipment, and more specifically, to a knee joint fixation support device and joint surgery equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In orthopedic robotic knee replacement surgery, the patient's leg needs to be positioned in three states—flexed, circumflexed, and extended—depending on the patient's lying position and the specific characteristics of the surgical procedure. Although the patient spends most of the surgery in a flexed position, to ensure the smooth progress of the surgery and meet the requirements of bone surface registration, gap assessment, and post-osteotomy examination, the surgeon needs to flexibly switch the patient's leg to a position that allows for both circumflexed and extended knees. Currently, existing knee joint fixation and support devices typically consist of three main parts: a footrest structure for fixing the lower leg; a sliding rail structure that allows the footrest structure to be unlocked and locked, and which is itself movable; and a locking structure that secures the sliding rail structure to the operating table. However, this existing device has significant drawbacks. The large number of parts results in a complex structure, leading to higher costs. Furthermore, this device imposes certain limitations on the operating table, requiring it to have a compatible connection structure, which to some extent affects its applicability. Therefore, there is a need to design a simplified version of the knee joint fixation and support device that is simpler in structure, easier to operate, and lower in cost, in order to better meet the practical application needs of orthopedic robotic knee replacement surgery, between the purely manual fixation method and the existing knee joint fixation and support device. Utility Model Content The purpose of this invention is to provide a knee joint fixation support device and joint surgery equipment to solve the technical problems of complex structure and cumbersome operation of existing knee joint fixation support devices.

[0003] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: In a first aspect, a knee joint fixation and support device is provided, comprising: The fixing mechanism includes a leg support structure for fixing the lower leg of a human body and a foot support structure for fixing the foot of a human body, wherein the leg support structure is connected to the foot support structure; The support mechanism includes a base connected to the footrest structure and a support wheel disposed on the base, the support wheel having multiple teeth; The support wheel is used to abut against the surgical support surface to support the leg support structure and the foot support structure in a straight state. The leg support structure and the foot support structure are relatively fixed and can also rotate around the hip joint to switch to a knee-around state. When the foot support structure forms a knee-flexion angle with the surgical support surface to switch to a knee-flexion state, the corresponding teeth abut against the surgical support surface to limit the foot support structure.

[0004] By adopting the above technical solution, it is possible to flexibly switch between three leg positions: straight, tucked, and bent, to meet surgical needs. Secondly, compared with existing devices, its structure is simpler, reducing the number of parts and thus lowering costs. At the same time, it does not rely on a specific connection structure of the operating table, reducing restrictions on the operating table and enhancing applicability. Furthermore, the design of each structure's movement conforms to surgical operating habits, making it easier for doctors to switch leg positions and improving the convenience of surgical operations.

[0005] In one embodiment, the support wheel is an arc-shaped wheel, and a plurality of the teeth are arranged sequentially along the arc length direction of the arc-shaped wheel.

[0006] In one embodiment, the support wheel is positioned near the connection portion between the leg support structure and the foot support structure.

[0007] In one embodiment, the number of support wheels is two, the length direction of the base is perpendicular to the length direction of the footrest structure, and the two support wheels are respectively located at both ends of the base in its own length direction.

[0008] In one embodiment, the two ends of the base extend beyond the footrest structure along its length, such that the support wheels are located on both sides of the footrest structure.

[0009] In one embodiment, the leg support structure further includes a curved surface, and the leg support structure forms a leg-accommodating space for accommodating the human lower leg, with the curved surface located on the side of the leg support structure opposite to the leg-accommodating space.

[0010] In one embodiment, the curved surface is a cylindrical surface, and the axis of the cylindrical surface is parallel to the length direction of the leg support structure; or, the curved surface is an arc surface.

[0011] In one embodiment, the leg support structure has a groove for exposing part of the human lower leg and a limiting protrusion for limiting the human lower leg.

[0012] In one embodiment, the limiting protrusion has an arc-shaped structure.

[0013] In a second aspect, a joint surgery device is provided, including a surgical worktable and the aforementioned knee joint fixation and support device, wherein the surgeon has a surgical support surface, and the knee joint fixation and support device can be placed on the surgical support surface in both an extended and flexed state.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, in addition to the advantages of the knee joint fixation and support device of the above embodiment, the joint surgery device of this embodiment also has the advantage of being convenient for doctors to operate. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the knee joint fixation support device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the knee joint fixation support device provided in an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a front view of the knee joint fixation support device provided in the embodiment of this utility model in its straightened state.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the knee joint fixation support device provided in this embodiment of the present invention in the state around the knee.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a front view of the knee joint fixation support device provided in this embodiment of the utility model in the knee flexion state.

[0021] The labels for the attached figures are as follows: 1. Fixing mechanism; 11. Leg support structure; 12. Foot support structure; 111. Curved surface; 2. Supporting mechanism; 21. Base; 22. Support wheel; 221. Tooth; 112. Groove; 113. Limiting protrusion; 114. Arc-shaped structure. Detailed Implementation To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0022] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be located directly on or indirectly on the other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other component.

[0023] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not indicate that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating relative importance or the number of technical features. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. The specific implementation of this utility model is described in more detail below with reference to specific embodiments: like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a knee joint fixation and support device, comprising: The fixing mechanism 1 includes a leg support structure 11 for fixing the lower leg of a human body and a foot support structure 12 for fixing the foot of a human body, wherein the leg support structure 11 and the foot support structure 12 are connected. The support mechanism 2 includes a base 21 connected to the foot support structure 12 and a support wheel 22 provided on the base 21. The support wheel 22 is provided with a plurality of teeth 221. Among them, the support wheel 22 is used to abut against the surgical support surface to support the leg support structure 11 and foot support structure 12 to switch to the straight state. The leg support structure 11 and foot support structure 12 are relatively fixed and can also rotate around the hip joint to switch to the knee-around state. When the foot support structure 12 forms a knee-flexion angle with the surgical support surface to switch to the knee-flexion state, the corresponding tooth 221 abuts against the surgical support surface to limit the foot support structure 12.

[0025] Specifically, the knee joint fixation support device mainly consists of two parts: a fixing mechanism 1 and a support mechanism 2. The fixing mechanism 1 includes a leg support structure 11 for fixing the lower leg and a foot support structure 12 for fixing the foot. The leg support structure 11 is connected to the foot support structure 12. The support mechanism 2 includes a base 21 connected to the foot support structure 12 and a support wheel 22 with multiple teeth 221 on the base 21.

[0026] The working principle of the knee joint fixation and support device provided in this embodiment is as follows: like Figure 3 As shown, in the straightened state, the leg support structure 11 in the fixing mechanism 1 is roughly parallel to the surgical support surface. Support is achieved by the support wheel 22 in the support structure 2 contacting the surgical support surface; that is, when the leg switches to the straightened state, the lowest point of the arc surface of the support wheel 22 contacts the surgical support surface. Figure 4 As shown, in the knee-around position, the doctor lifts the patient's leg as a whole (at this time, the knee joint fixation device that fixes the relative position and angle of the patient's lower leg and foot is also lifted) and rotates around the center of the hip joint to obtain the bone surface alignment point. At this time, the buttocks are in contact with the surgical support surface. In the knee-around position, the support wheel 22 is not needed for support. The fixed connection between the leg support structure 11 and the foot support structure 12 ensures that the lower leg and foot do not shift relative to each other; Figure 5 As shown, when the footrest structure 12 in the fixed structure 1 forms a knee-flexion angle with the surgical support surface, the corresponding teeth 221 on the support wheel 22 abut against the surgical support surface, limiting the footrest structure 12 through interaction, thereby maintaining the knee-flexion state. By adopting the above technical solution, firstly, it is possible to flexibly switch the leg between three states: straight, knee-circumferential, and knee-flexed, meeting surgical needs. Secondly, compared with existing devices, its structure is simpler, reducing the number of parts and helping to reduce costs. At the same time, it does not rely on the specific connection structure of the operating table, reducing the restriction on the operating table and enhancing applicability. Furthermore, the design of each structure's movement conforms to surgical operating habits, making it easier for doctors to switch leg positions and improving the convenience of surgical operations.

[0027] In one embodiment, the support wheel 22 is an arc-shaped wheel, and a plurality of teeth 221 are arranged sequentially along the arc length direction of the arc-shaped wheel.

[0028] Specifically, in the support mechanism 2 of the knee joint fixation support device, the support wheel 22 is an arc-shaped wheel, and multiple teeth 221 are arranged sequentially along the arc length direction of the arc-shaped wheel. This arrangement makes the shape of the support wheel 22 and the layout of the teeth 221 more in line with the movement trajectory and limiting requirements of the foot support structure 12 in the knee flexion state. Together with the base 21 and the foot support structure 12, it forms a support system that is more suitable for surgical operations. At the same time, it is combined with the connection between the leg support structure 11 with curved surface 111 and the foot support structure 12 in the fixation mechanism 1 to form a complete lower leg fixation structure.

[0029] The arc-shaped wheel design allows the support wheel 22 to better follow the movement arc of the foot support structure 12 when the knee flexion angle is adjusted. The teeth 221 arranged sequentially along the arc length direction can accurately abut against the surgical support surface at different knee flexion angles. Through the limiting effect of the corresponding teeth 221, the stability of the foot support structure 12 in different knee flexion states is further improved.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the arc-shaped wheel and the arc-shaped teeth 221 not only enhance the accuracy and reliability of the support mechanism 2 in limiting the knee flexion state, but also reduce unnecessary friction and wear between parts due to the adaptability of the structure and the movement trajectory, thus extending the service life of the device. Moreover, compared with the complex irregular wheel structure, the arc-shaped wheel is simpler to process and manufacture, which helps to further reduce production costs. At the same time, it makes it easier and less strenuous for doctors to operate when switching different knee flexion angles, thereby improving surgical efficiency.

[0031] In one embodiment, the support wheel 22 is positioned near the connection between the leg support structure 11 and the foot support structure 12.

[0032] Specifically, this arrangement allows the support wheel 22 to form a more compact layout with the connection parts of the leg support structure 11 and foot support structure 12 in the fixing mechanism 1. Together with the base 21 of the support mechanism 2, the structure of the support wheel 22 itself (such as the arc wheel and the tooth 221 set along the arc length direction), and the leg support structure 11 and foot support structure 12 of the fixing mechanism 1, it forms a more interconnected overall structure, making the force transmission path more direct.

[0033] Specifically, the support wheel 22, being close to the connecting part, can respond more precisely to the relative movement between the foot support structure 12 and the leg support structure 11. When the foot support structure 12 adjusts the knee flexion angle, it can more promptly achieve the limit by the contact between the teeth 221 and the surgical support surface, ensuring that the force is more concentrated and stable when switching between different states.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, this layout further shortens the lever arm of the support wheel 22 to the foot support structure 12, improves the sensitivity and stability of the limit, reduces the deformation of the device under force, extends its service life, and the compact structural design saves space, is more suitable for the surgical operation environment, reduces the occupation of the surgical space, and makes the overall structure simpler, which is conducive to reducing manufacturing and assembly costs, making it easier for doctors to adjust the leg position during operation and improving the smoothness of the operation. In one embodiment, there are two support wheels 22, the length direction of the base 21 is perpendicular to the length direction of the foot support structure 12, and the two support wheels 22 are located at the two ends of the base 21 along its own length direction.

[0035] Specifically, in the support mechanism 2 of the knee joint fixation support device, there are two support wheels 22, the length direction of the base 21 is perpendicular to the length direction of the foot support structure 12, and the two support wheels 22 are located at both ends of the base 21 in its own length direction.

[0036] Two support wheels 22 are distributed at both ends of the base 21 perpendicular to the length of the footrest, forming a symmetrical and stable support system together with the base 21, the footrest structure 12 and the leg support structure 11 in the fixing mechanism 1. This layout makes the support structure more balanced in space and more reasonable in its connection with the overall device.

[0037] When the foot support structure 12 is adjusted to the knee flexion angle, the support wheels 22 at both ends can respectively abut against the surgical support surface through their respective teeth 221. The symmetrically distributed support force enhances the limiting effect on the foot support structure 12. At the same time, the perpendicular setting of the base 21 in the length direction to the length direction of the foot support structure 12 can better adapt to the changes in the posture of the leg during surgery and ensure the stability of the support during the switching of each state.

[0038] By adopting the above technical solution, the symmetrical distribution of the two support wheels 22 significantly improves the load-bearing capacity and stability of the device, reduces the tilting or swaying that may occur with single-wheel support, and the vertical orientation makes the layout of the device in the surgical operating space more reasonable, avoiding interference with the doctor's operation. At the same time, this structural design is easy to process and manufacture, which can further reduce costs, and the dual-wheel support makes the foot support structure 12 more precise in limiting different knee flexion angles, improving the safety and efficiency of surgical operation.

[0039] In one embodiment, the two ends of the base 21 extend beyond the footrest structure 12 in the longitudinal direction, so that the support wheels 22 are located on both sides of the footrest structure 12.

[0040] Specifically, in the support mechanism 2 of the knee joint fixation support device, the two ends of the base 21 extend beyond the footrest structure 12 in the length direction, so that the support wheels 22 are located on both sides of the footrest structure 12. From the structural composition, combined with the fact that there are two support wheels 22 located at both ends of the base 21 in the length direction and the length direction of the base 21 is perpendicular to the length direction of the footrest structure 12, the two ends of the base 21 extend beyond the footrest structure 12 so that the two support wheels 22 are spatially located on both sides of the footrest structure 12. Together with the base 21, the footrest structure 12 and the leg support structure 11, they form a more outward and symmetrical support layout, so that the support points are distributed on the outside of the footrest structure 12, forming a more comprehensive support frame for the footrest structure 12.

[0041] When the foot support structure 12 adjusts the knee flexion angle, the support wheels 22 on both sides abut against the surgical support surface through their respective teeth 221. The symmetrical support force on both sides limits the movement from the outside of the foot support structure 12, avoiding possible interference caused by the support wheels 22 being located within the range of the foot support structure 12. This ensures that the support wheels 22 can stably play a limiting role during the switching of various states and adapt to the changes in the posture of the leg during surgery.

[0042] By adopting the above technical solution, the layout of the support wheels 22 on both sides of the footrest structure 12 further improves the stability of the device when supporting and limiting, reduces the risk of lateral tilting of the footrest structure 12 when under force, avoids interference between the support wheels 22 and the leg or surgical operation, and makes the surgical operation space more sufficient. At the same time, this structural design does not require complex processes in manufacturing, which is conducive to cost control. Moreover, the support on both sides makes the limiting of the footrest structure 12 more reliable under different knee flexion angles, improving the safety and convenience of surgical operation. In one embodiment, the leg support structure 11 is further provided with a curved surface 111, and the leg support structure 11 forms a leg-accommodating space for accommodating the lower leg of a human body. The curved surface 111 is located on the side of the leg support structure 11 opposite to the leg-accommodating space.

[0043] Specifically, in the fixing mechanism 1 of the knee joint fixation support device, the leg support structure 11 forms a leg-accommodating space for accommodating the human lower leg, and the curved surface 111 is located on the side of the leg support structure 11 away from the leg-accommodating space. From the perspective of structural composition, the setting of the leg-accommodating space allows the leg support structure 11 to conform to the shape of the lower leg and achieve stable fixation. The curved surface 111 is located on the side away from the leg-accommodating space, and together with the connecting part of the leg support structure 11 and the foot support structure 12, the base 21 of the support mechanism 2 and the support wheel 22, it forms a reasonable structural layout, so that the contact part of the curved surface 111 with the surgical support surface avoids the lower leg accommodating area, forming a fixing structure with clear functional division.

[0044] By adopting the above technical solution, the leg space improves the comfort and stability of lower leg fixation, avoids lower leg displacement during surgery, and has a simple structural design that does not require complex parts, which helps to reduce costs. In addition, the clear functional division enhances the practicality of the device, making it more convenient for doctors to operate and enhancing the safety and efficiency of the surgery.

[0045] In one embodiment, the curved surface 111 is a cylindrical surface, with the axis of the cylindrical surface parallel to the length direction of the leg support structure 11; or, the curved surface 111 is an arc surface.

[0046] Specifically, in the fixing mechanism 1 of the knee joint fixing support device, the curved surface 111 of the leg support structure 11 is a cylindrical surface, and the axis of the cylindrical surface is parallel to the length direction of the leg support structure 11, or the curved surface 111 is an arc surface. From the perspective of structural composition, when the curved surface 111 is a cylindrical surface, its axis is set parallel to the length direction of the leg support structure 11, so that the cylindrical surface can form a continuous arc-shaped contact surface that is adapted to the lower leg support along the length direction of the leg support. Together with the leg space, the foot support structure 12 and the support wheels 22 located on both sides of the foot support in the support mechanism 2, it constitutes a fixing support system with stronger structural adaptability.

[0047] By adopting the above technical solutions, the cylindrical and curved surfaces simplify the processing technology, and both forms can reduce costs. At the same time, in conjunction with the layout of the two sides of the support wheel 22, the overall stability of the device and the safety and convenience of the surgical operation are further improved. In one embodiment, the leg support structure 11 is provided with a groove 112 for exposing part of the human lower leg and a limiting protrusion 113 for limiting the human lower leg.

[0048] Specifically, in the fixing mechanism 1 of the knee joint fixing support device, the leg support structure 11 is provided with a groove 112 for exposing part of the human lower leg and a limiting protrusion 113 for limiting the human lower leg. From the perspective of structural composition, the groove 112 and the limiting protrusion 113, together with the leg-accommodating space, cylindrical surface or arc surface of the leg support structure 11, together form a fixing structure that adapts to the shape of the lower leg. The groove 112 can avoid specific parts of the lower leg, while the limiting protrusion 113 constrains the lower leg from the side. Together with the foot support structure 12, the support wheels 22 located on both sides of the foot support in the support mechanism 2, and other components, a more ergonomic overall layout is formed.

[0049] The groove 112 avoids compressing or interfering with the surgical procedure by exposing part of the lower leg, while the limiting protrusion 113 restricts the displacement of the lower leg in the horizontal or vertical direction after it is placed in the leg space, ensuring that the lower leg remains in a stable position when switching between straight, knee-around, and knee-flexed states, without affecting the smoothness of the switching between each state.

[0050] By adopting the above technical solution, the groove 112 improves the comfort of lower leg fixation and avoids excessive pressure on local tissues. The limiting protrusion 113 enhances the reliability of fixation and reduces the risk of lower leg displacement during surgery. Together with the support of the curved surface 111 and the limiting of the support wheel 22, the practicality of the device is further optimized. Moreover, the two structures are simple to process and will not significantly increase the cost, while improving the safety and convenience of surgical operation. In one embodiment, the limiting protrusion 113 has an arcuate structure 114.

[0051] By adopting the above technical solution, the sharp edges of the limiting protrusion 113 can be avoided from causing injury to the lower leg.

[0052] Secondly, a joint surgery device is provided, including an operating table and the aforementioned knee joint fixation and support device, wherein the surgeon has a surgical support surface, and the knee joint fixation and support device can be placed on the surgical support surface in both an extended and flexed state.

[0053] By adopting the above technical solution, in addition to the advantages of the knee joint fixation and support device of the above embodiment, the joint surgery device of this embodiment also has the advantage of being convenient for doctors to operate.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A knee joint fixation and support device, characterized in that, include: The fixing mechanism includes a leg support structure for fixing the lower leg of a human body and a foot support structure for fixing the foot of a human body, wherein the leg support structure is connected to the foot support structure; The support mechanism includes a base connected to the footrest structure and a support wheel disposed on the base, the support wheel having multiple teeth; The support wheel is used to abut against the surgical support surface to support the leg support structure and the foot support structure in an extended state. The leg support structure and the foot support structure are relatively fixed and can also rotate around the hip joint to switch to a knee-around state. When the foot support structure forms a knee-flexion angle with the surgical support surface to switch to a knee-flexion state, the corresponding teeth abut against the surgical support surface to limit the foot support structure. The support wheel is an arc-shaped wheel, and multiple teeth are arranged sequentially along the arc length direction of the arc-shaped wheel; the teeth arranged sequentially along the arc length direction can abut against the surgical support surface at different knee flexion angles.

2. The knee joint fixation and support device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support wheel is positioned near the connection between the leg support structure and the foot support structure.

3. The knee joint fixation and support device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of support wheels is two, the length direction of the base is perpendicular to the length direction of the footrest structure, and the two support wheels are located at both ends of the base along its own length direction.

4. The knee joint fixation and support device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The two ends of the base extend beyond the footrest structure along its length, so that the support wheels are located on both sides of the footrest structure.

5. The knee joint fixation and support device as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The leg support structure also has a curved surface, and the leg support structure forms a leg-accommodating space for accommodating the human lower leg. The curved surface is located on the side of the leg support structure opposite to the leg-accommodating space.

6. The knee joint fixation and support device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The curved surface is a cylindrical surface, and the axis of the cylindrical surface is parallel to the length direction of the leg support structure; or, the curved surface is an arc surface.

7. The knee joint fixation and support device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The leg support structure is provided with a groove for exposing part of the human lower leg and a limiting protrusion for limiting the human lower leg.

8. The knee joint fixation and support device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The limiting protrusion has an arc-shaped structure.

9. A joint surgery device, characterized in that, The device includes an operating table and a knee joint fixation and support device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the surgical operator has a surgical support surface, and the knee joint fixation and support device can be placed on the surgical support surface in both an extended and a flexed state.

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