A device for collecting by-products of crude selenium processing

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of crude selenium processing concomitant thing grading collection devices, including the crude selenium pretreatment unit that is sequentially communicated by sealed corrosion-resistant pipeline, concomitant thing grading capture unit, depth recovery unit and tail gas purification unit.The crude selenium pretreatment unit adopts cyclone separator with gradually reduced pitch;The grading capture unit includes primary gradient condensation trap and secondary composite adsorption trap, and the grading recovery of different boiling point concomitant thing is realized;The depth recovery unit includes multistage ion exchange column group and ultrasonic intensification displacement reaction kettle;The tail gas purification unit includes cyclone plate absorption tower, photocatalytic oxidation ware and activated carbon filter.The utility model realizes intelligent control by negative pressure-temperature linkage regulation system, solve the problem such as concomitant thing recovery incomplete, system coordination is poor in prior art, realize the efficient grading recovery of multiple valuable elements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of crude selenium processing technology, specifically to a graded collection device for by-products in crude selenium processing. Background Technology

[0002] Crude selenium is a byproduct of the smelting of non-ferrous metals such as copper, lead, and zinc, and contains various associated valuable elements such as tellurium, mercury, lead, gold, and silver. Traditional crude selenium processing mainly focuses on the purification and recovery of selenium, while the comprehensive recovery of other associated valuable elements is insufficient.

[0003] CN220136087U discloses a crude selenium casting and flue gas recovery device, including a crude selenium casting furnace and a tail gas absorption device, which treats the tail gas through a primary absorption tower and a secondary absorption tower. Although this device can collect the flue gas during the casting process, it can only achieve simple two-stage absorption, cannot perform fine-grained recovery of various by-products, and lacks an intelligent control system.

[0004] CN223154031U discloses a rotary kiln dust collection device, including a dust collection unit and a multi-stage selenium absorption tower, which achieves dust separation through a dust baffle. Although this device can reduce the dust content in the flue gas, its dust collection unit has a simple structure, cannot achieve staged condensation and recovery of associated organisms with different boiling points, and has a single adsorption system, which cannot deeply capture multiple valuable elements.

[0005] The existing technology has the following main drawbacks:

[0006] 1. There is a lack of graded recovery technology for byproducts with different boiling points and properties, resulting in low comprehensive utilization rate of resources;

[0007] 2. Each process unit is relatively independent, lacking system integration and intelligent collaborative control;

[0008] 3. It is impossible to achieve continuous and precise recovery of gaseous byproducts and liquid valuable elements;

[0009] 4. The system's operational stability is insufficient, and the recycling efficiency needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this utility model is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and provide a device that can achieve efficient graded recovery of multiple associated valuable elements during crude selenium processing, thereby solving the technical problems of low resource utilization, discontinuous process flow, and lack of intelligent control in the existing technology.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a crude selenium processing by-product graded collection device, comprising a crude selenium pretreatment unit, a by-product graded collection unit, a deep recovery unit, and an exhaust gas purification unit connected sequentially through a sealed corrosion-resistant pipe.

[0012] The crude selenium pretreatment unit is a cyclone separator with built-in spiral guide vanes, and the pitch of the spiral guide vanes gradually decreases from the air inlet to the air outlet.

[0013] The associated organism grading and collection unit includes a primary gradient condenser trap and a secondary composite adsorption trap connected in series. The primary gradient condenser trap has at least two independently temperature-controlled sections with different temperature control ranges. Each temperature-controlled section has an independent associated organism collection tank at its outlet. The secondary composite adsorption trap is filled with a composite adsorption layer of modified activated carbon and molecular sieve.

[0014] A negative pressure-temperature linkage regulation system is provided between the crude selenium pretreatment unit and the associated organism graded collection unit, including a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a PLC controller. The pressure sensor and temperature sensor are installed in the pipeline between the two units, and the PLC controller dynamically adjusts the system operation status according to the detected pressure and temperature parameters in the pipeline.

[0015] The deep recovery unit includes a multi-stage ion exchange column group and a displacement reaction vessel connected in sequence. The liquid inlet of the multi-stage ion exchange column group is connected to the condensate outlet of the first-stage gradient condenser.

[0016] The exhaust gas purification unit includes a cyclone plate absorption tower, a photocatalytic oxidizer, and an activated carbon filter connected in sequence. The inlet of the cyclone plate absorption tower is connected to the outlet of the secondary composite adsorption and trapping device.

[0017] Optionally, the primary gradient condenser has three independently temperature-controlled sections, each consisting of a serpentine condenser tube, with temperature ranges from the inlet to the outlet being 220-200℃, 200-180℃, and 180-160℃ respectively.

[0018] Optionally, in the negative pressure-temperature linkage regulation system, the PLC controller dynamically adjusts the vacuum pump power and the temperature control parameters of the primary gradient condenser based on the real-time pressure and airflow temperature inside the pipeline.

[0019] Optionally, in the composite adsorption layer of the secondary composite adsorption trap, a platinum-rhodium alloy heating wire is embedded in the composite adsorption layer, and the heating temperature is 60-80℃.

[0020] Optionally, the displacement reactor is an ultrasonically enhanced displacement reactor, which is equipped with an ultrasonic generator of 20-30kHz inside.

[0021] Optionally, the multi-stage ion exchange column group comprises multiple ion exchange columns connected in series, each column being filled with different types of anion exchange resins, from the first column to the last column being gel-type strong base resin, macroporous weak base resin, and chelating resin.

[0022] Optionally, the solid discharge port of the crude selenium pretreatment unit adopts a double gate airlock structure, with a nitrogen purging interface between the upper and lower gates, and a purging pressure of 0.1-0.2 MPa.

[0023] Optionally, an airflow distribution plate is provided between the primary gradient condensation trap and the secondary composite adsorption trap.

[0024] Optionally, the inner wall of the sealed corrosion-resistant pipe is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0025] Optionally, the surface of the spiral guide blades of the cyclone separator is provided with a silicon carbide wear-resistant layer.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. Significantly improved resource utilization rate: Through a four-stage treatment system of "pretreatment-graded collection-deep recovery-exhaust gas purification", the system achieves fine graded recovery of various valuable elements such as selenium, tellurium, mercury, gold and silver in crude selenium, greatly improving the resource utilization rate.

[0028] 2. An innovative graded recovery technology approach was developed: a two-stage collection scheme of "gradient condensation + composite adsorption" was adopted to achieve precise graded recovery based on boiling point. Gradient condensation achieves the separation of associated organisms with different boiling points through multi-stage temperature control, while composite adsorption achieves deep collection through material synergy, resulting in a significant improvement in recovery rate.

[0029] 3. Intelligent and coordinated system control was achieved: Through the negative pressure-temperature linkage regulation system, a dynamic coupling relationship between process parameters was established to coordinate the operation of each unit.

[0030] 4. The structural design of key equipment has been optimized: the cyclone separator with a gradually narrowing pitch forms a gradient centrifugal force field, which improves the separation efficiency; a specific resin filling sequence enables the fine separation of valuable elements in the liquid phase; and ultrasonic-enhanced displacement improves the reaction rate.

[0031] 5. Improved service life and reliability of the equipment: The engineering design, including polytetrafluoroethylene coating, silicon carbide wear-resistant layer, and nitrogen purging airlock structure, effectively solves engineering problems such as corrosion, wear, and blockage.

[0032] 6. Environmentally friendly emission compliance: Through a multi-stage exhaust gas purification system, pollutants are deeply removed, and exhaust gas emission indicators are better than national standards, resulting in good environmental benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cyclone separator of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the serpentine condenser tube structure in the first-stage gradient condenser trap of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the deep recycling unit structure of this utility model.

[0038] Figure Labels

[0039] 1-Crude selenium pretreatment unit, 11-Cyclone separator, 12-Spiral guide vane, 13-Air inlet, 14-Air outlet, 15-Solid discharge port, 2-Associated organism classification and collection unit, 21-Primary gradient condenser, 211-Temperature control section, 212-Associated organism collection tank, 213-Serpentine condenser, 22-Secondary composite adsorption collector, 221-Modified activated carbon, 222-Molecular sieve, 3-Deep recovery unit, 31-Multi-stage ion exchange column group, 311-Ion exchange column, 32-Displacement reactor, 4-Tail gas purification unit, 41-Swirl plate absorption tower, 42-Photocatalytic oxidizer, 43-Activated carbon filter, 5-Negative pressure-temperature linkage control system Detailed Implementation

[0040] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easy to understand,

[0041] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely aspects of the present utility model.

[0042] These are some, but not all, embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0043] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0044] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this utility model is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.

[0045] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this utility model provides a crude selenium processing by-product graded collection device, which includes a crude selenium pretreatment unit 1, a by-product graded collection unit 2, a deep recovery unit 3 and an exhaust gas purification unit 4 connected in sequence through a sealed corrosion-resistant pipe.

[0046] The crude selenium pretreatment unit 1 is a cyclone separator 11 with built-in spiral guide vanes 12. The pitch of the spiral guide vanes 12 gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet. Preferably, the pitch of the spiral guide vanes 12 gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet at a ratio of 1:0.6-0.8. The surface of the vanes is provided with a silicon carbide wear-resistant layer. The high-temperature airflow generated from the crude selenium processing enters the cyclone separator 11 tangentially. Under the guidance of the spiral guide vanes 12, a strong rotating airflow is formed. Solid impurities are separated under the action of the gradient-enhanced centrifugal force field and discharged through the double-gate airlock structure at the bottom. A nitrogen purging port is provided between the upper and lower gates of the double-gate airlock structure, with a purging pressure of 0.1-0.2 MPa, effectively preventing air from entering and material from sticking together.

[0047] The associated organism graded collection unit 2 includes a primary gradient condenser 21 and a secondary composite adsorption collector 22 connected in series. The primary gradient condenser 21 has at least two independently temperature-controlled sections 211, each with a different temperature control range. Each temperature-controlled section 211 has an independent associated organism collection tank 212 at its outlet. Preferably, the tank bottom is inclined at an angle of 15-20° to facilitate material collection. Associated organisms with different boiling points condense and precipitate in their respective temperature zones, achieving graded recovery. The secondary composite adsorption collector 22 is filled with a composite adsorption layer of modified activated carbon 221 and molecular sieve 222.

[0048] A negative pressure-temperature linkage regulation system 5 is provided between the crude selenium pretreatment unit 1 and the associated organism graded collection unit 2, including a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a PLC controller. The pressure sensor and temperature sensor are installed in the pipeline between the two units. The PLC controller dynamically adjusts the system operation status according to the real-time pressure and temperature parameters detected in the pipeline.

[0049] The deep recovery unit 3 includes a multi-stage ion exchange column group 31 and a displacement reaction vessel 32 connected in sequence. The liquid inlet of the multi-stage ion exchange column group 31 is connected to the condensate outlet of the first-stage gradient condenser trap 21.

[0050] The exhaust gas purification unit 4 includes a cyclone plate absorption tower 41, a photocatalytic oxidizer 42, and an activated carbon filter 43 connected in sequence. The inlet of the cyclone plate absorption tower 41 is connected to the outlet of the secondary composite adsorption and trapping device 22. The cyclone plate absorption tower 41 is equipped with three layers of cyclone plates, which, together with the alkaline liquid atomizing nozzle, effectively remove acidic gases. The photocatalytic oxidizer 42 is equipped with dual-wavelength ultraviolet lamps to achieve deep oxidation and decomposition of organic pollutants. The activated carbon pores in the activated carbon filter are distributed in a gradient manner to achieve precise interception of residual pollutants.

[0051] Furthermore, the primary gradient condenser trap 21 is provided with three independently temperature-controlled sections 211, each of which is a serpentine condenser tube 213, with temperature control ranges from the inlet end to the outlet end being 220-200℃, 200-180℃, and 180-160℃ respectively.

[0052] Furthermore, in the negative pressure-temperature linkage regulation system 5, the PLC controller dynamically adjusts the vacuum pump power and the temperature control parameters of the first-stage gradient condenser based on the coupling relationship between the real-time pressure in the pipeline (-0.02 to -0.05 MPa) and the airflow temperature (200-300℃).

[0053] Furthermore, in the composite adsorption layer of the secondary composite adsorption trap 22, the mass ratio of modified activated carbon 221 to molecular sieve 222 is 3:1. The composite adsorption layer is embedded with a platinum-rhodium alloy heating wire with a heating temperature of 60-80℃, which is used for adsorbent regeneration and to prevent condensation and blockage.

[0054] Furthermore, the displacement reactor 32 is an ultrasonically enhanced displacement reactor, which is equipped with an ultrasonic generator with a frequency of 20-30 kHz inside.

[0055] Furthermore, the multi-stage ion exchange column group 31 includes multiple ion exchange columns 311 connected in series, each column being filled with different types of anion exchange resins, which are, from the first column to the last column, gel-type strong base resin, macroporous weak base resin, and chelating resin.

[0056] Furthermore, an airflow distribution plate is provided between the primary gradient condensation trap 21 and the secondary composite adsorption trap 22.

[0057] Furthermore, the inner wall of the sealed corrosion-resistant pipe is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0058] Furthermore, the surface of the spiral guide vanes 12 of the cyclone separator 11 is provided with a silicon carbide wear-resistant layer.

[0059] This invention provides a graded collection device for byproducts in crude selenium processing. Through a four-stage treatment system—pretreatment, graded collection, deep recovery, and exhaust gas purification—it achieves precise graded recovery of various valuable elements such as selenium, tellurium, mercury, gold, and silver from crude selenium. A two-stage collection scheme, employing gradient condensation and composite adsorption, enables precise graded recovery based on boiling point. Gradient condensation separates byproducts with different boiling points through multi-stage temperature control, while composite adsorption achieves deep collection through material synergy, solving problems such as low resource utilization and discontinuous process flow in existing technologies.

[0060] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of this utility model, and the utility model is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of this utility model, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for graded collection of byproducts in crude selenium processing, characterized in that, It includes a crude selenium pretreatment unit (1), a by-product graded collection unit (2), a deep recovery unit (3), and a tail gas purification unit (4) connected in sequence through sealed corrosion-resistant pipes; The crude selenium pretreatment unit (1) is a cyclone separator (11) with built-in spiral guide vanes (12), and the pitch of the spiral guide vanes (12) gradually decreases from the air inlet (13) to the air outlet (14). The associated organism graded collection unit (2) includes a primary gradient condenser (21) and a secondary composite adsorption collector (22) connected in series. The primary gradient condenser (21) is provided with at least two independent temperature control sections (211). The temperature control range of each temperature control section (211) is different. Each temperature control section (211) has an independent associated organism collection tank (212) at its outlet. The temperature control section (211) is a condenser tube. The secondary composite adsorption collector (22) is filled with a composite adsorption layer of modified activated carbon (221) and molecular sieve (222). A negative pressure-temperature linkage regulation system (5) is provided between the crude selenium pretreatment unit (1) and the associated organism graded collection unit (2), including a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a PLC controller. The pressure sensor and temperature sensor are installed in the pipeline between the two units. The PLC controller dynamically adjusts the system operation status according to the detected pressure and temperature parameters in the pipeline. The deep recovery unit (3) includes a multi-stage ion exchange column group (31) and a displacement reactor (32) connected in sequence. The liquid inlet of the multi-stage ion exchange column group (31) is connected to the condensate outlet of the first-stage gradient condenser (21). The exhaust gas purification unit (4) includes a cyclone plate absorption tower (41), a photocatalytic oxidizer (42) and an activated carbon filter (43) connected in sequence. The inlet of the cyclone plate absorption tower (41) is connected to the outlet of the secondary composite adsorption collector (22).

2. The device for graded collection of byproducts in crude selenium processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary gradient condenser trap (21) is provided with three independently temperature-controlled sections (211), and the temperature-controlled section (211) is a serpentine condenser tube (213). The temperature control range from the inlet end to the outlet end is 220-200℃, 200-180℃, and 180-160℃ respectively.

3. The device for graded collection of byproducts in crude selenium processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the negative pressure-temperature linkage regulation system (5), the PLC controller dynamically adjusts the vacuum pump power and the temperature control parameters of the first-stage gradient condenser (21) according to the real-time pressure and airflow temperature in the pipeline.

4. The device for graded collection of byproducts in crude selenium processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite adsorption layer in the secondary composite adsorption trap (22) is embedded with a platinum-rhodium alloy heating wire, and the heating temperature is 60-80℃.

5. The device for graded collection of byproducts in crude selenium processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The displacement reactor (32) is an ultrasonically enhanced displacement reactor, which is equipped with an ultrasonic generator of 20-30kHz inside.

6. The device for graded collection of byproducts in crude selenium processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-stage ion exchange column group (31) includes multiple ion exchange columns (311) connected in series. Each column is filled with different types of anion exchange resin, which are gel-type strong base resin, macroporous weak base resin and chelating resin from the first column to the last column.

7. The device for graded collection of byproducts in crude selenium processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid discharge port (15) of the crude selenium pretreatment unit (1) adopts a double gate airlock structure, and a nitrogen purging interface is provided between the upper and lower gates. The purging pressure is 0.1-0.2MPa.

8. The device for graded collection of byproducts in crude selenium processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, An airflow distribution plate is provided between the primary gradient condenser trap (21) and the secondary composite adsorption trap (22).

9. A graded collection device for by-products in crude selenium processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the sealed corrosion-resistant pipe is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene.

10. A graded collection device for by-products in crude selenium processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral guide vanes (12) of the cyclone separator (11) are provided with a silicon carbide wear-resistant layer.

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