Electrolyte rapid uniform flow stable liquid outlet device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of electrolyte quick uniform flow stable liquid outlet device, including the liquid storage tank of electrolyte, liquid inlet pipe is installed in the top of liquid storage tank, liquid outlet pipe is installed in the bottom of liquid storage tank, its structural features are: left spray head is connected with the lower end of liquid inlet pipe through elbow pipe, the position and orientation of left spray head make the electrolyte in liquid storage tank rotate clockwise or counterclockwise under the angle of view;Several floating balls floating in electrolyte are arranged in the liquid storage tank, and each floating ball is connected to the bottom surface in the liquid storage tank by corresponding connecting rope. Advantage effect is to have multiple uniform flow modes or ways, can utilize existing backflow pressure and flow to uniformly mix new and old electrolyte, only need to consume a small amount of additional electric energy, without increasing transmission components inside and outside the liquid storage tank, can guarantee the sealing property of liquid storage tank, low in cost, long in service life, simple in operation, manual control automatic control can be realized, and uniform flow effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model patent application relates to a device for rapid, uniform, and stable electrolyte discharge, which belongs to the field of new energy battery energy storage. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy technologies in my country, new energy storage technologies have also been fully developed. Currently, the proportion of flow batteries (referred to as flow batteries) in my country's energy storage technology is increasing. Due to their advantages such as long charge-discharge life, long energy storage time, and safety with no fire hazards, they are gradually becoming the focus of new energy storage technology development.

[0003] When a flow battery is working, the electrolyte circulates between its power unit and energy storage unit. During electrolyte circulation, the more uniformly the new electrolyte returning to the storage tank mixes with the existing old electrolyte in the tank, the higher the energy conversion efficiency and the better the performance of the flow battery.

[0004] Currently, there are two methods to ensure uniform mixing of the electrolyte: Option 1: Install a stirring device on the top of the storage tank. The new and old electrolytes in the storage tank can be easily mixed evenly after stirring.

[0005] The disadvantages of Option 1 are: 1) Increased cost of dedicated mixers and related accessories; 2) Increased losses due to the mixers, each mixer is approximately 500W, and at least 4 mixers are needed per MW, increasing losses by 2kW; 3) Difficulty in ensuring the sealing of the storage tank during the installation and operation of the mixers (the electrolyte in the storage tank must not come into contact with air); 4) The mixers cannot withstand the strong corrosiveness of the electrolyte, resulting in limitations on lifespan, maintenance, and cost.

[0006] Option 2: The electrolyte inlet pipe extends to one-third of the depth of the electrolyte, and the inlet pipe has evenly distributed 35mm diameter round holes below the liquid surface as diversion holes to strongly promote uniform mixing of the electrolyte.

[0007] Disadvantages of Option 2: 1) The uniformity of electrolyte mixing is affected by the reflux pressure and reflux flow rate of the new electrolyte in the inlet pipe. The higher the pressure and flow rate, the better the mixing effect. However, the reflux pressure and flow rate of the new electrolyte are limited by the energy conversion efficiency, so the reflux pressure and flow rate will not be very high, and the mixing effect is limited. 2) The more diversion holes there are, the lower the pressure and the smaller the flow rate, and the worse the mixing effect. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a device for rapid and stable electrolyte discharge that has a reasonable structure, multiple flow uniformity modes or methods, can use existing backflow pressure and flow rate to uniformly mix new and old electrolytes, consumes only a small amount of additional electrical energy, does not require additional internal and external transmission components in the storage tank, can ensure the sealing of the storage tank, is low in cost, has a long service life, is simple to operate, can be controlled manually or automatically, and has a good flow uniformity effect.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this patent application includes a storage tank for holding electrolyte. The storage tank has an inlet pipe installed at the top and an outlet pipe installed at the bottom. Its structural features are: the storage tank is a conical cylinder that is slightly thinner at the top than at the bottom; the lower end of the inlet pipe is connected to a left nozzle through a bend; the position and orientation of the left nozzle cause the electrolyte in the storage tank to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise when viewed from above; the storage tank is equipped with several floats floating in the electrolyte. The floats are spheres of similar volume but different sizes, and each float is connected to the bottom surface of the storage tank by a connecting rope of a corresponding length.

[0010] As an improvement, the lateral position of the left nozzle is located in the outer half of the left half of the central longitudinal section of the reservoir cavity, and the vertical position of the left nozzle is located in the middle section of the upper, middle and lower three sections of the outer half of the left half of the central longitudinal section of the reservoir cavity; the orientation range of the left nozzle is an angle range of 45° offset to the left, right and up from the vertical direction of the aforementioned central longitudinal section of the reservoir cavity.

[0011] As a further improvement, there are two inlet pipes. The second inlet pipe is connected to the right nozzle via a bend. The right nozzle and the left nozzle are located on both sides of the longitudinal center line of the inner cavity of the liquid storage tank, and the right nozzle and the left nozzle are symmetrically arranged with respect to the middle surface of the longitudinal center line of the inner cavity of the liquid storage tank.

[0012] In one implementation, the float includes a hollow spherical shell. A central connecting part is provided in the central region of the inner cavity of the spherical shell. Corresponding protrusions are provided on the front, back, left, right, top, and bottom sides of the central connecting part and on the inner wall of the spherical shell. Corresponding magnets are fitted between the central connecting part and the corresponding protrusions of the spherical shell. The S poles of the magnets all face the center of the inner cavity of the spherical shell and the N poles of the magnets all face the spherical shell, or the N poles of the magnets all face the center of the inner cavity of the spherical shell and the S poles of the magnets all face the spherical shell.

[0013] As another implementation, the float is a solid sphere with buoyancy, and six magnets are wrapped inside the float. The magnets are arranged radially from the center of the float to the outer wall of the float in the directions of up, down, left, right and front. The S poles of the magnets all face the center of the float and the N poles of the magnets all face the outer wall of the float, or the N poles of the magnets all face the center of the float and the S poles of the magnets all face the outer wall of the float.

[0014] As an improvement, the outer periphery of the liquid storage tank is fitted with a grooved ring, and at least two pairs of electromagnets are installed at intervals inside the grooved ring. Each electromagnet pair includes two single electromagnets, which are located on both sides of the longitudinal center line of the inner cavity of the liquid storage tank. The N pole and S pole of the two single electromagnets are connected by the same straight line, and the inner polarities of the two single electromagnets are set opposite. The tank also includes a controller that controls the operation of each pair of electromagnets. The controller makes the inner ends of each single electromagnet either N pole or S pole in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

[0015] As a further improvement, the inlet of the outlet pipe is connected to three collection pipes, which are located on the left, middle and right sides of the inner cavity of the storage tank, respectively. The three collection pipes have the same diameter, length and inlet height.

[0016] As an improvement, the inlet pipe is equipped with a control device to control the flow rate or on / off state of the inlet pipe. The control device can be a manually controlled control valve or an automatically controlled regulating valve.

[0017] As a further improvement, the controller includes a microcontroller, and at least two magnetic field output terminals of the microcontroller control the operation of corresponding electromagnet pairs through corresponding magnetic field relays; the adjustment output terminal of the microcontroller controls the operation of the control unit through an adjustment relay.

[0018] As a further improvement, the surface of the float is uniformly provided with several convex balls, and the height and projection position of each float on the bottom surface of the liquid storage tank are different.

[0019] This patent application adopts a six-stage uniform flow mode. The first stage uniform flow mode includes extending the first inlet pipe into the electrolyte through a bend and connecting it to the left nozzle. The new electrolyte sprayed out by the left nozzle causes the old electrolyte in the storage tank to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise from a top-view angle, thereby achieving uniform mixing and output of the new and old electrolytes, thus realizing the first stage uniform flow effect of the new and old electrolytes. The two-stage uniform flow mode involves extending the second inlet pipe into the electrolyte through a bend and connecting it to the right nozzle. The new electrolyte sprayed out by the right nozzle causes the old electrolyte in the storage tank to rotate counterclockwise or clockwise from a top-down angle, which is the opposite of the first-stage uniform flow mode, thereby achieving a two-stage uniform flow effect between the new and old electrolytes. The three-stage uniform flow mode includes floats connected by several connecting ropes. Each float will first divide and then combine the electrolyte in the first or second stage uniform flow mode. In this way, several floats will divide and combine the electrolyte several times, thereby achieving the three-stage uniform flow effect of the new and old electrolytes. The four-stage uniform flow mode includes six magnets placed inside the float. Because the six magnets have the same outward magnetic polarity, the float becomes a magnetic ball. Moreover, the polarity of the outer surface of each magnetic ball is the same, so the floats repel each other irregularly and move continuously under the action of buoyancy, tension and repulsion, thereby achieving the four-stage uniform flow effect of new and old electrolytes. The five-stage uniform flow mode includes at least two pairs of electromagnets set around the outer periphery of the storage tank. The controller controls the formation of a uniform magnetic field between the inner ends of the electromagnet pairs, thereby driving the magnetic balls to move and thus uniformly flow the electrolyte. The controller controls each pair of electromagnets to work sequentially in a clockwise or counterclockwise manner, and the position and direction of the uniform magnetic field will also switch sequentially in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction to form a rotating magnetic field. Under the combined action of the rotating magnetic field, buoyancy, and connecting ropes, each magnetic ball rotates in a ring inside the storage tank, thereby achieving the five-stage uniform flow effect of the electrolyte. The six-stage uniform flow mode includes three liquid collecting pipes installed at the inlet of the outlet pipe. The three liquid collecting pipes respectively draw the electrolyte from the left, middle and right parts of the central longitudinal section of the inner cavity of the storage tank into the outlet pipe with the same suction force and the same flow rate to mix evenly, thereby achieving a six-stage uniform flow effect of the electrolyte.

[0020] In this patent application, the six-level flow equalization mode includes six levels of flow equalization mode or six types of flow equalization mode. The six flow equalization modes can work simultaneously to achieve the best flow equalization effect; they can also work in combination to achieve a good flow equalization effect; some flow equalization modes can also work alone to achieve a general flow equalization effect, but the structure is simple, the cost is low, and no additional manpower, material resources or financial resources are required.

[0021] In summary, the electrolyte rapid uniform flow and stable discharge device with this structure is reasonably designed, has multiple uniform flow modes or methods, can use the existing backflow pressure and flow rate to uniformly mix the new and old electrolytes, requires only a small amount of additional electrical energy, does not require additional internal and external transmission components in the storage tank, can ensure the sealing of the storage tank, has low cost, long service life, is easy to operate, can be controlled manually or automatically, and has good uniform flow effect. Attached Figure Description

[0022] This patent application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the existing electrolyte storage tank, inlet pipe, and outlet pipe of a flow battery. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this patent application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the groove ring and the liquid storage tank; Figure 4 For Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the decomposed structure; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the liquid storage tank; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the liquid storage tank and the liquid collection pipe; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of three collection pipes and one outlet pipe; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the inlet pipe, the bend pipe, the left nozzle, and the right nozzle; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the float; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the float. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the mating structure of the slotted ring and the electromagnet pair; Figure 12 This is the schematic diagram of the control circuit for this patent application. Detailed Implementation

[0023] like Figure 1-12As shown, the rapid and stable electrolyte flow device includes a storage tank 1 for holding the electrolyte. The storage tank 1 is a conical cylinder that is slightly narrower at the top than at the bottom. Two inlet pipes 2 are installed at the top of the storage tank, and an outlet pipe 3 is installed at the bottom. The lower end of one of the inlet pipes is connected to a left nozzle 5 via a bend 4. The position and orientation of the left nozzle cause the electrolyte in the storage tank to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise when viewed from above. Several floats 6 are installed inside the storage tank, which are spheres of similar volume but different sizes. Each float 6 is connected to the bottom surface of the storage tank by a connecting rope 7 of different lengths. This patent application achieves multiple flow uniformity modes or methods through a multi-mode structure. It can uniformly mix new and old electrolytes using existing backflow pressure and flow rate, requiring only a small amount of additional electrical energy. It does not require additional internal or external transmission components in the storage tank, ensures the sealing of the storage tank, has low cost, long service life, and good flow uniformity effect. The multi-mode structure refers to the multiple uniform flow outlet structures provided in this patent application. Specifically, it includes a left nozzle connected to the lower end of the inlet pipe and a float disposed within the storage tank. For ease of description, the uniform flow outlet structure including the left nozzle is referred to as a jet uniform flow structure, and the uniform flow outlet structure including the float is referred to as a split uniform flow structure. The jet uniform flow structure includes an inlet pipe, a left nozzle, and a bend connecting the two. One of the main functions of the bend is to connect the inlet pipe and the left nozzle. Another main function of the bend is to extend the inlet pipe, completely submerging the left nozzle within the electrolyte. This allows the new electrolyte ejected from the left nozzle to directly dissolve into the old electrolyte and drive the old electrolyte to move synchronously without any energy loss. The position and spray angle of the left nozzle in the electrolyte are fixed or within a certain range. The main purpose of this design is to allow the new electrolyte sprayed from the left nozzle to drive the old electrolyte to quickly form a circulation within the storage tank. The direction of the circulation, viewed from above, is either clockwise or counterclockwise. As the circulation forms, the new electrolyte sprayed from the left nozzle continuously adds to the old electrolyte, thus forming a mixed old electrolyte. This cycle repeats, rapidly mixing and gradually achieving uniformity. In this way, the spray uniform flow structure achieves a first-level uniform flow effect or function. In this patent application, the storage tank 1 is designed as a cone slightly thinner at the top than at the bottom. This lowers the overall center of gravity, enhancing stability and improving the structural stability and service life of the storage tank 1 during operation. This advantage is particularly pronounced when the internal electrolyte forms a circulation.

[0024] In this patent application, the flow-diverting and equalizing structure includes several floats disposed within a storage tank, each float connected to the bottom surface of the tank via a corresponding connecting rope. The buoyancy of the floats allows them to float upwards in the electrolyte, while the connecting ropes limit their height, ensuring they remain submerged and floating under the pull of the ropes. When the electrolyte in the storage tank enters a circulating state, the floats move laterally with the flow, but are relatively fixed in a specific area due to the pull of the connecting ropes. At this time, the electrolyte flowing past the floats is diverted to their surface due to the obstruction, thus compressing and mixing the surrounding electrolyte, achieving a flow equalization effect. When several floats in the circulating path act simultaneously, this flow-diverting and equalizing effect is very significant, achieving a new level of flow equalization effect or function. In this patent application, the volume of each float is different, but the size of each float is approximately the same. The main purpose of this design is to make each float have different buoyancy and different sensitivities to electrolyte flow, so that different floats can respond to different electrolyte flow rates, which helps to improve the mixing or uniform flow effect.

[0025] In this embodiment, the left nozzle 5 is positioned laterally in the outer half of the left half of the central longitudinal section of the reservoir cavity, and vertically in the middle of the upper, middle, and lower sections of the outer half of the left half of the central longitudinal section of the reservoir cavity. The orientation range of the left nozzle is an angle range offset by 45° to the left, right, and vertical directions from the vertical direction of the aforementioned central longitudinal section of the reservoir cavity. In this patent application, the position and orientation of the left nozzle are subject to requirements or certain range limitations to ensure the electrolyte circulation effect, i.e., the uniform flow effect, when viewed from above. In this patent application, the left nozzle is located in the region of the reservoir cavity near the side wall of the reservoir. For ease of description, the longitudinal section passing through the longitudinal centerline of the reservoir cavity is referred to as the central longitudinal section, which is divided into a left half and a right half by the longitudinal centerline. The longitudinal center line or longitudinal midline of the left half divides the left half into an outer half and an inner half. The outer half is far from the longitudinal centerline of the reservoir cavity and close to the side wall of the reservoir, while the inner half is close to the longitudinal centerline of the reservoir cavity and far from the side wall of the reservoir. The outer half is further divided into upper, middle, and lower sections in ascending order. In this patent application, the left nozzle is located in the middle section. Specifically, the lateral coordinate or position of the left nozzle is located in the outer half of the left half, and its vertical position is in the middle section of the upper, middle, and lower sections of the outer half. This arrangement, with the left nozzle positioned in the middle longitudinally and on the outer side laterally, allows the new electrolyte sprayed from the left nozzle to more easily propel the old electrolyte in the reservoir into circulation, facilitating electrolyte mixing and achieving a rapid uniform flow effect. In this patent application, the orientation range of the left nozzle is also subject to requirements or limitations. For ease of description, the vertical direction of the central longitudinal section of the inner cavity of the storage tank is defined as the centerline, which forms the basis of the structural centerline of the left nozzle. The orientation range of the left nozzle is the angular range offset by 45° upwards, downwards, leftwards, and rightwards from this centerline. The main purpose of this design is to structurally ensure that when the left nozzle sprays new electrolyte, it can quickly cause the old electrolyte to form a circulation, achieving mixing of the new and old electrolytes and a uniform flow effect.

[0026] In this embodiment, there are two inlet pipes. The second inlet pipe is connected to a right nozzle 8 via a bend. The right nozzle 8 and the left nozzle 5 are located on opposite sides of the longitudinal centerline of the reservoir cavity, and are symmetrically arranged with respect to the midpoint of the longitudinal centerline. In this patent application, there are two inlet pipes and two nozzles. The left and right nozzles are located on opposite sides of the longitudinal centerline of the reservoir cavity and are symmetrically arranged with respect to the midpoint of the longitudinal centerline. This arrangement aims to reverse the direction of the new electrolyte sprayed by the left and right nozzles, thereby achieving rapid mixing of the new and old electrolytes to achieve a uniform flow effect. Specifically, if the left nozzle causes the new and old electrolytes to form a clockwise circulation, then the right nozzle causes them to form a counterclockwise circulation. The two opposing circulations can mix more quickly, achieving a uniform flow effect.

[0027] In this embodiment, the float 6 includes a hollow spherical shell 9, with a central connecting portion 10 in the central region of the inner cavity of the shell. Corresponding protrusions 11 are provided on the front, back, left, right, top, and bottom sides of the central connecting portion and on the corresponding inner wall of the shell. A corresponding magnet 12 is fitted between the central connecting portion and the corresponding protrusion of the shell. The S poles of the magnets all face the center of the inner cavity of the shell, and the N poles of the magnets all face the shell, or the N poles of the magnets all face the center of the inner cavity of the shell, and the S poles of the magnets all face the shell. In this patent application, the float is a hollow, sealed structure. Magnets extending in the forward, backward, left, right, up, and down directions are fixed inside the shell of the float via the central connecting portion. The same polarity of these six magnets all points towards the center of the float, while another same polarity points towards the shell. One purpose of this arrangement is to make the surface of the float exhibit the same polarity, i.e., all the shells are S poles, or all the shell surfaces are N poles. In this patent application, there are several floats, randomly located within the inner cavity of the storage tank. According to the principle of like poles repulsion, the floats will repel each other and move away from each other automatically. This creates irregular disturbances in the electrolyte, promotes electrolyte mixing, and achieves a uniform flow effect.

[0028] like Figure 10The diagram shows a second implementation of the float. This float is a solid sphere with buoyancy, containing six magnets. The magnets radiate outwards from the center of the float in the directions of up, down, left, right, front, and back. The S poles of the magnets all face the center of the float, and the N poles all face the outer wall of the float, or vice versa. In this patent application, the float is a solid structure containing six magnets extending upwards, downwards, left, right, front, and back from the center. The same polarity of these six magnets points towards the center, while another polarity points towards the outer shell. One purpose of this arrangement is to ensure that the surface of the float exhibits the same polarity, i.e., all the surface of the float is S-pole, or all the surface of the outer shell is N-pole. In this patent application, there are several floats, randomly located within the reservoir cavity. According to the principle of like poles repulsion, the floats will repel each other and move away from each other automatically. This creates irregular disturbances in the electrolyte, promotes electrolyte mixing, and achieves a uniform flow effect.

[0029] In this embodiment, a grooved ring 13 is fitted around the outer periphery of the storage tank, and four pairs of electromagnets 14 are installed at intervals within the grooved ring. Each electromagnet pair includes two single electromagnets 15, which are located on either side of the longitudinal centerline of the inner cavity of the storage tank. The N and S poles of the two corresponding single electromagnets are connected by a straight line, and the inner polarities of the two single electromagnets are opposite. This patent application also includes a controller 0 that controls the operation of each electromagnet pair. The controller causes the inner ends of each single electromagnet to be either N poles or S poles in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. In this patent application, the annular groove around the outer periphery of the storage tank serves to fix the electromagnet pairs, ensuring that the electromagnet pairs remain stationary when they interact with each other using electromagnetic forces. Each electromagnet pair includes two single electromagnets, for a total of eight single electromagnets, namely A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H. The two corresponding single electromagnets are located on either side of the longitudinal centerline of the inner cavity of the storage tank, which is equivalent to having several single electromagnets spaced around the outer periphery of the storage tank. In this patent application, the inner polarities of the two individual electromagnets in any electromagnet pair are set in opposite directions. The inner and outer ends of each individual electromagnet are two magnetic poles, namely the N pole and the S pole. That is, in two corresponding individual electromagnets, if one individual electromagnet has an N pole at its inner end, then the inner end of the other individual electromagnet has an S pole. This arrangement is to form a fixed magnetic field between the inner ends of each electromagnet pair. This fixed magnetic field can exert a magnetic force on the float, i.e., the magnetic ball, in the liquid storage tank, thereby driving the float or magnetic ball to move, thus achieving magnetic disturbance and mixing of the electrolyte, further realizing a uniform flow effect. This patent application also includes a controller. One of the main functions of the controller is to control the several electromagnet pairs to be energized sequentially in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, that is, to make the fixed magnetic field switch sequentially in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction to form a rotating magnetic field, that is, to make the inner ends of each individual electromagnet sequentially have an N pole or a S pole in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. At this time, each float will rotate clockwise or counterclockwise synchronously under the action of the rotating magnetic field, which further mixes the new and old electrolytes and achieves a more uniform flow effect.

[0030] In this embodiment, the inlet of the outlet pipe is connected to three collecting pipes 16. These three collecting pipes are located on the left, middle, and right sides of the inner cavity of the storage tank, respectively. The three collecting pipes have the same diameter, length, and inlet height. In this patent application, the outlet pipe employs a three-in-one structure to achieve a uniform flow outlet effect. Specifically, the outlet pipe inlet is connected to three collecting pipes, allowing the outlet pipe to simultaneously draw electrolyte from all three collecting pipes when discharging electrolyte. This means electrolyte can be collected from three different locations within the storage tank, mixed in the outlet pipe, and then discharged, achieving a three-in-one or three-mixed uniform flow outlet effect. In this patent application, the three collecting pipes are located on the left, middle, and right sides of the inner cavity of the storage tank, which allows for more even absorption of electrolyte from different locations within the storage tank, contributing to improved flow uniformity. In this patent application, the three collecting pipes have the same diameter, length, and inlet height. The same diameter ensures the same flow rate. The same length ensures the same line resistance. The identical inlet height ensures a consistent pressure differential. In short, the three collecting pipes are identical in all parameters except for their location, which helps ensure that they collect an equal amount of electrolyte, thus contributing to a uniform outflow effect.

[0031] In this embodiment, a control element 17 for controlling the flow rate or on / off state of the inlet pipe is installed on the inlet pipe. This control element is a regulating valve automatically controlled by the controller. In this patent application, the main purpose of installing the control element on the inlet pipe is to control the two inlet pipes. In practical operation, it is possible to control one of the two inlet pipes to be open, or to control both inlet pipes to be open simultaneously or alternately. When both inlet pipes are open simultaneously or alternately, the mixing effect of the new electrolyte with the old electrolyte is better, achieving a better uniform flow effect. In this patent application, the control element is a regulating valve, which is automatically controlled by the controller without manual intervention, making it more convenient and faster. In practical operation, the control element can also be a control valve, allowing manual control of its on / off state, thereby achieving control of the two inlet pipes.

[0032] In this embodiment, the controller includes a microcontroller 19. At least two magnetic field output terminals of the microcontroller control the operation of corresponding electromagnet pairs via corresponding magnetic field relays 20. The microcontroller's adjustment output terminal controls the operation of the control element 17 via an adjustment relay 21. The surface of the float is uniformly provided with several convex balls 18, each with a different height and projection position on the bottom surface of the storage tank. In this patent application, the controller is implemented by a microcontroller. The microcontroller has several output terminals for control; only some of these output terminals are used in this patent application. For ease of description, the used output terminals are referred to as magnetic field output terminals and adjustment output terminals. The magnetic field output terminal of the microcontroller is electrically connected to the input terminal of the corresponding magnetic field relay, and the output terminal of the magnetic field relay is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the corresponding electromagnet pair. In this patent application, the two single electromagnets of each electromagnet pair are connected in series. Therefore, the microcontroller can control the energization and operation of the two single electromagnets in an electromagnet pair through a single magnetic field output terminal, making operation very simple and efficient. In this patent application, the microcontroller's adjustment output terminal is also electrically connected to the input terminal of the adjustment relay, and the output terminal of the adjustment relay is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the control component. In this way, the microcontroller can drive the operation of the control component, i.e., control the on / off state of the liquid inlet pipe, through adjusting the relay, achieving automatic control without manual intervention, making it more convenient and efficient. In this patent application, the microcontroller can control the simultaneous on / off state of two liquid inlet pipes, or control the two liquid inlet pipes to be on / off alternately or sequentially, to achieve different mixing effects. In this patent application, several convex balls are set on the surface of the float ball, mainly to allow the electrolyte to divert as it flows past the float ball, thus promoting electrolyte mixing and achieving a uniform flow effect. In this patent application, the height of each float ball is different, and the projected position of each float ball on the bottom surface of the storage tank is also different. This arrangement is mainly to allow more electrolyte to contact more float balls when the electrolyte circulation rotates, thus enhancing the mixing effect and achieving a uniform flow effect.

[0033] The working principle of this patent application is as follows: a six-stage uniform flow mode is adopted. The first stage uniform flow mode includes extending the first inlet pipe into the electrolyte through a bend and connecting it to the left nozzle. The new electrolyte sprayed out by the left nozzle causes the old electrolyte in the storage tank to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise from a top-view angle, thereby achieving uniform mixing and output of the new and old electrolytes, thus realizing the first stage uniform flow effect of the new and old electrolytes. The two-stage uniform flow mode involves extending the second inlet pipe into the electrolyte through a bend and connecting it to the right nozzle. The new electrolyte sprayed out by the right nozzle causes the old electrolyte in the storage tank to rotate counterclockwise or clockwise from a top-down angle, which is the opposite of the first-stage uniform flow mode, thereby achieving a two-stage uniform flow effect between the new and old electrolytes. The three-stage uniform flow mode includes floats connected by several connecting ropes. Each float will first divide and then combine the electrolyte in the first or second stage uniform flow mode. In this way, several floats will divide and combine the electrolyte several times, thereby achieving the three-stage uniform flow effect of the new and old electrolytes. The four-stage uniform flow mode includes six magnets placed inside the float. Because the six magnets have the same outward magnetic polarity, the float becomes a magnetic ball. Moreover, the polarity of the outer surface of each magnetic ball is the same, so the floats repel each other irregularly and move continuously under the action of buoyancy, tension and repulsion, thereby achieving the four-stage uniform flow effect of new and old electrolytes. The five-stage uniform flow mode includes at least two pairs of electromagnets set around the outer periphery of the storage tank. The controller controls the formation of a uniform magnetic field between the inner ends of the electromagnet pairs, thereby driving the magnetic balls to move and thus uniformly flow the electrolyte. The controller controls each pair of electromagnets to work sequentially in a clockwise or counterclockwise manner, and the position and direction of the uniform magnetic field will also switch sequentially in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction to form a rotating magnetic field. Under the combined action of the rotating magnetic field, buoyancy, and connecting ropes, each magnetic ball rotates in a ring inside the storage tank, thereby achieving the five-stage uniform flow effect of the electrolyte. The six-stage uniform flow mode includes three liquid collecting pipes installed at the inlet of the outlet pipe. The three liquid collecting pipes respectively draw the electrolyte from the left, middle and right parts of the central longitudinal section of the inner cavity of the storage tank into the outlet pipe with the same suction force and the same flow rate to mix evenly, thereby achieving a six-stage uniform flow effect of the electrolyte.

[0034] This patent application employs a six-stage uniform flow mode, meaning it includes six levels or six types of uniform flow modes. For ease of description, the six-stage uniform flow mode will be referred to as the first-stage uniform flow mode, the second-stage uniform flow mode, the third-stage uniform flow mode, the fourth-stage uniform flow mode, the fifth-stage uniform flow mode, and the sixth-stage uniform flow mode. The first-stage uniform flow mode is also known as the left-nozzle mode or the forward circulation mode. This mode involves the outlet of the first inlet pipe being connected to the left nozzle via a bend, with the left nozzle completely submerged in the electrolyte. The position and orientation of the left nozzle in the electrolyte allow the new electrolyte sprayed from the left nozzle to cause the old electrolyte in the storage tank to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise from a top-view angle, forming a continuous circulation. This achieves uniform mixing of the new and old electrolytes, thus achieving the first-stage uniform flow effect. The single-stage uniform flow mode utilizes the inlet pressure and flow rate of the inlet pipe, that is, the inertia of the new electrolyte, and under the dual effect of the position and orientation of the left nozzle, a circulating flow is formed, achieving a uniform mixing effect. The single-stage uniform flow mode does not use or consume additional energy, nor does it use excessive structures or equipment. It is simple in structure, low in cost, maintenance-free, and has good continuous uniform flow effect.

[0035] In this patent application, the two-stage uniform flow mode is also referred to as the right-nozzle mode or the reverse circulation mode. This mode includes a second inlet pipe whose outlet end is connected to a right nozzle via a bend, with the right nozzle completely submerged in the electrolyte. The position and orientation of the right nozzle in the electrolyte allow the new electrolyte sprayed from the right nozzle to cause the old electrolyte in the storage tank to rotate counterclockwise or clockwise from a top-view angle, forming a continuous circulation. This achieves uniform mixing of the new and old electrolytes, thus achieving a two-stage uniform flow effect. In this patent application, the circulation direction in the two-stage uniform flow mode is exactly opposite to the circulation direction in the one-stage uniform flow mode. The purpose of this setting is to ensure that when the one-stage and two-stage uniform flow modes work simultaneously, the new and old electrolytes can be fully mixed, achieving a better uniform flow effect. Similarly, the two-stage uniform flow mode also utilizes the inlet pressure and flow rate of the inlet pipe, that is, the inertia of the new electrolyte, and under the dual action of the position and orientation of the right nozzle, achieves the formation of circulation and a uniform mixing effect. The two-stage uniform flow mode does not use or consume additional energy, nor does it use excessive structures or equipment. It is simple in structure, low in cost, maintenance-free, and has good continuous uniform flow effect.

[0036] In this patent application, the three-stage uniform flow mode is also referred to as the float mode or the diversion mode. This mode involves placing several floats inside the reservoir cavity, which float in the electrolyte due to buoyancy. When the electrolyte in the reservoir forms a circulation, the floats initially move with the circulation. However, because the bottom of the floats is fixed to the bottom surface of the reservoir by connecting ropes, the relative positions of the floats are fixed due to the constraint of the connecting ropes. At this time, when the electrolyte in the circulation flows past the floats, it will be diverted to all sides through the surface of the floats, so that the electrolyte in each place will re-converge, or in other words, the individual floats will squeeze the electrolyte together. For ease of description, this process is referred to as the electrolyte mixing process or the electrolyte diversion process. When the electrolyte flows through the maximum cross-section of the float, that is, after flowing through half the volume of the float, the electrolyte will disperse to all sides as it gradually loses the compression of the float. This process is the diffusion process or merging process after electrolyte mixing. During the circulation of the electrolyte, the electrolyte undergoes several mixing, diffusion, or diversion and merging processes, which greatly improves the uniform mixing effect of the electrolyte, i.e., the three-stage uniform flow effect of the electrolyte.

[0037] In this patent application, the four-stage uniform flow mode is also referred to as the magnetic pole mode or motion mode. This mode includes six magnets placed in the float, with the magnetic poles of the six magnets extending radially outward from the center of the float in the directions of up, down, left, right, front, and back. Because the magnetic poles at the outer ends of the six magnets have the same polarity, the outer surface of the float becomes a magnetic sphere with uniform magnetic polarity. In this patent application, the magnetic poles on the surface of each float are the same, so the magnetic polarity of each magnetic sphere is also the same. Therefore, according to the principle of like poles repulsion, the magnetic spheres repel each other in their natural state. When new electrolyte is added to the old electrolyte, the magnetic spheres are subjected to multiple forces, including the repulsive force of other magnetic spheres, the buoyancy of the float, the pulling force of the connecting rope, the thrust of the electrolyte, and gravity. They will always maintain an irregular movement or motion state, which will continuously and irregularly disturb and mix the electrolyte, greatly improving the uniform flow effect, that is, the four-stage uniform flow effect of the electrolyte.

[0038] In this patent application, the five-stage uniform flow mode is also referred to as the rotating mode or magnetic field mode. This mode includes at least two pairs of electromagnets disposed around the outer periphery of the reservoir, and the electromagnet pairs are fixed by grooved rings fitted around the outer periphery of the reservoir. Each electromagnet pair contains two single electromagnets, which are located on either side of the longitudinal centerline of the reservoir, and the line connecting the N and S poles of the two single electromagnets is on the same straight line and in the same plane as the longitudinal centerline of the reservoir. When the electromagnet pairs are working, one inner end of the electromagnet pair is the N pole and the other is the S pole, and a magnetic field is formed between the two inner ends, which is referred to as the uniform flow magnetic field for convenience. The uniform flow magnetic field drives the magnetic ball to move, thereby agitating and mixing the electrolyte. In this patent application, the operation of the electromagnet pairs is controlled by a controller. The controller controls each electromagnet pair to work sequentially in a clockwise or counterclockwise manner, so that the position and direction of the uniform flow magnetic field also switch sequentially in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, thereby forming a rotating uniform flow magnetic field. For convenience, this rotating uniform flow magnetic field is referred to as the rotating magnetic field. Under the influence of the rotating magnetic field, each magnetic ball will rotate clockwise or counterclockwise in the storage tank, which will agitate the electrolyte clockwise or counterclockwise, greatly improving the uniform flow effect, that is, the five-stage uniform flow effect of the electrolyte.

[0039] In this patent application, the six-stage uniform flow mode is also referred to as the sampling mode or the three-in-one mode. This mode includes setting three collecting pipes at the inlet of the outlet pipe. The main function of the collecting pipes is to collect the electrolyte in the storage tank. The three collecting pipes are of the same length to ensure that the linear resistance of the electrolyte is the same when flowing through the collecting pipes. The inlet height of the three collecting pipes is the same to ensure that the pressure difference of the electrolyte is the same when it is drawn in. The diameter of the three collecting pipes is the same to ensure that the flow rate of the electrolyte is the same when it is drawn in. The only difference between the three collecting pipes is their position, which is located on the left, middle and right sides of the central longitudinal section of the inner cavity of the storage tank, respectively. The purpose of this arrangement is to ensure that the electrolyte at different locations is drawn into the outlet pipe with the same suction force, the same resistance and the same flow rate, so as to achieve a uniform mixing function of the electrolyte from the three locations, thereby realizing the six-stage uniform flow effect of the electrolyte.

[0040] In this embodiment, at least one of the first-stage and second-stage flow equalization modes operates. The third, fourth, and sixth-stage flow equalization modes are mandatory, while only the fifth-stage flow equalization mode operates based on actual needs. Moreover, in this patent application, only the fifth-stage flow equalization mode requires additional power consumption; the other flow equalization modes do not require additional power. Therefore, they can be activated when there is surplus power generation, minimizing energy loss and cost.

[0041] In this embodiment, the microcontroller used is the 89C51 microcontroller. The relays and regulating valves are conventional electrical components, and their structures and working principles are well-known technologies, so they will not be described in detail here. VCC is the power supply for the microcontroller, and the voltage is generally 5 volts DC. VCC1 and VCC2 are the power supplies for the relevant relays, and the voltage is generally 12 or 24 volts DC.

Claims

1. An electrolyte rapid uniform flow and stable discharge device, comprising a storage tank (1) for holding electrolyte, an inlet pipe (2) installed on the top of the storage tank (1), and an outlet pipe (3) installed on the bottom of the storage tank (1), characterized in that: The storage tank (1) is a cone-shaped tube that is slightly thinner at the top than at the bottom. The lower end of the inlet pipe (2) is connected to the left nozzle (5) through a bend (4). The position and orientation of the left nozzle (5) cause the electrolyte in the storage tank (1) to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise when viewed from above. Several floats (6) are set inside the storage tank (1) and floats (6) are spheres with similar volume but different sizes. Each float (6) is connected to the bottom surface of the storage tank through a connecting rope (7) of a corresponding length.

2. The electrolyte rapid uniform flow and stable discharge device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The left nozzle (5) is located in the outer half of the left half of the central longitudinal section of the reservoir cavity. The left nozzle (5) is located in the middle of the upper, middle and lower sections of the outer half of the left half of the central longitudinal section of the reservoir cavity. The orientation range of the left nozzle (5) is an angle range of 45° offset from the vertical direction of the aforementioned central longitudinal section of the reservoir cavity to the left, right and up.

3. The electrolyte rapid uniform flow and stable discharge device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: There are two inlet pipes (2). The second inlet pipe (2) is connected to the right nozzle (8) through the bend (4). The right nozzle (8) and the left nozzle (5) are located on both sides of the longitudinal center line of the inner cavity of the liquid storage tank, and the right nozzle and the left nozzle are symmetrically arranged relative to the middle surface of the longitudinal center line of the inner cavity of the liquid storage tank.

4. The electrolyte rapid uniform flow and stable discharge device as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The float (6) includes a hollow spherical shell (9). A central connecting part (10) is provided in the central region of the inner cavity of the spherical shell (9). A protruding connecting part (11) is provided on the front, back, left, right, top, and bottom sides of the central connecting part (10) and the corresponding inner wall of the spherical shell (9). A corresponding magnet (12) is fitted between the central connecting part (10) and the corresponding protruding connecting part (11) of the spherical shell (9). The S pole of the magnet (12) is facing the center of the inner cavity of the spherical shell and the N pole of the magnet (12) is facing the spherical shell, or the N pole of the magnet (12) is facing the center of the inner cavity of the spherical shell and the S pole of the magnet (12) is facing the spherical shell.

5. The electrolyte rapid uniform flow and stable discharge device as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The float (6) is a solid sphere with buoyancy. Six magnets (12) are wrapped inside the float (6). The magnets (12) are arranged to radiate outward from the center of the float (6) in the directions of up, down, left, right, front and back. The S poles of the magnets (12) all face the center of the float and the N poles of the magnets (12) all face the outer wall of the float, or the N poles of the magnets (12) all face the center of the float and the S poles of the magnets (12) all face the outer wall of the float.

6. The electrolyte rapid uniform flow and stable discharge device as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the liquid storage tank (1) is fitted with a groove ring (13), and at least two pairs of electromagnets (14) are installed at intervals inside the groove ring (13). Each pair of electromagnets (14) includes two single electromagnets (15). The two single electromagnets (15) are located on both sides of the longitudinal center line of the inner cavity of the liquid storage tank (1). The N pole and S pole of the two single electromagnets (15) are connected in the same straight line, and the inner polarities of the two single electromagnets (15) are opposite. The tank also includes a controller (0) that controls the operation of each pair of electromagnets (14). The controller (0) makes the inner ends of each single electromagnet (15) either N pole or S pole in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

7. The electrolyte rapid uniform flow and stable discharge device as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The inlet of the outlet pipe (3) is connected to three collection pipes (16). The three collection pipes (16) are located on the left, middle and right sides of the inner cavity of the storage tank (1), respectively. The three collection pipes (16) have the same diameter, the same length and the same inlet height.

8. The electrolyte rapid uniform flow and stable discharge device as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The inlet pipe (2) is equipped with a control element (17) for controlling the flow rate or on / off state of the inlet pipe (2). The control element (17) is a manually controlled control valve or an automatically controlled regulating valve by the controller (0).

9. The electrolyte rapid uniform flow and stable discharge device as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The controller (0) includes a microcontroller (19), and at least two magnetic field output terminals of the microcontroller control the corresponding electromagnet pair (14) to work through the corresponding magnetic field relay (20); the adjustment output terminal of the microcontroller controls the control unit (17) to work through the adjustment relay (21).

10. The electrolyte rapid uniform flow and stable discharge device as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The surface of the float (6) is uniformly provided with several convex balls (18), and the height of each float and the position of its projection on the bottom surface of the liquid storage tank are different.

Images