An adjustable discharge arrangement for an impact crusher
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522621645.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-10
AI Technical Summary
[0005]目前现有技术在反击架上安装有拉杆并在拉杆上安装弹簧，通过调节弹簧压缩量来调整排放口大小，此方法需要人工调整弹簧，但由于排放口在机器内部，当需要随时调整出料口大小时测量困难，只能凭经验设置，调节不便
[0019]本实用新型通过液压缸来调整排放口，通过电控调节，更为直观方便，并且液压缸设置有蓄能器，在过铁时提供安全防护。
Smart Images
Figure CN224912490U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to an adjustable discharge port device for an impact crusher, belonging to the field of industrial machinery. Background Technology
[0002] Impact crushers are core medium and fine crushing equipment in modern stone processing. They use impact energy to crush materials, and have high crushing efficiency and excellent product particle shape.
[0003] The working process of an impact crusher is as follows: After the material enters the crushing chamber through the feed inlet, it is first subjected to a violent impact from the high-speed rotating hammers, gaining enormous kinetic energy and flying towards the impact plates. After impacting the impact plates, the material rebounds and collides with other materials thrown out by the rotor, resulting in multiple impacts and crushing. The material usually needs to pass through the first, second, or even third impact chambers, which are composed of impact plates at different angles, in sequence, with the particle size decreasing from large to small, and is repeatedly crushed until it reaches the required particle size and is discharged from the discharge outlet.
[0004] By adjusting the gap between the impact plate and the rotor, the particle size of the final product can be effectively controlled.
[0005] Current technology involves installing a tie rod on the impact frame and a spring on the tie rod. The size of the discharge port is adjusted by adjusting the spring compression. This method requires manual adjustment of the spring. However, since the discharge port is inside the machine, it is difficult to measure when the size of the discharge port needs to be adjusted at any time. The setting can only be based on experience, which is inconvenient.
[0006] In addition, when hard, difficult-to-crush foreign objects enter the crusher using spring adjustment, the impact of the foreign objects cannot be effectively absorbed, resulting in a reduced lifespan or damage to the internal impact plates. Utility Model Content
[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adjustable discharge port device for an impact crusher to solve the above-mentioned problems.
[0008] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0009] An adjustable discharge port device for an impact crusher, characterized in that it comprises: a main frame; a drive shaft rotatably connected to the main frame; a rotor frame connected to the drive shaft; multiple hammers circumferentially arranged on the rotor frame; a first impact frame and a second impact frame disposed on the outer periphery of the rotor frame, one end of the first impact frame and the second impact frame respectively mounted on the main frame via a rotating shaft; a first hydraulic cylinder and a second hydraulic cylinder disposed on the main frame, the other ends of the first impact frame and the second impact frame respectively hinged to the pull rods of the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder; a first discharge port and a second discharge port are respectively formed between the hammers and the first impact frame or the second impact frame.
[0010] Furthermore, the adjustable discharge port device of the impact crusher of this utility model also has the following features: a first accumulator and a second accumulator, which are respectively connected to the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder.
[0011] Furthermore, the adjustable discharge port device of the impact crusher of this utility model also has the following features: a first impact plate, fixedly installed on the side of the first impact frame facing the hammer, and a second impact plate, fixedly installed on the side of the second impact frame facing the hammer.
[0012] Furthermore, the adjustable discharge port device of the impact crusher of this utility model also has the following features: a first position sensor and a second position sensor, which are respectively installed at the ends of the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder.
[0013] Furthermore, the adjustable discharge port device of the impact crusher of this utility model also has the following features: the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder share an oil tank; the hydraulic pump is connected to the oil tank and supplies oil to the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder through pipelines; the electric motor is connected to the hydraulic pump and drives the hydraulic pump.
[0014] Furthermore, the adjustable discharge port device of the impact crusher of this utility model also has the following feature: a pressure sensor installed in the oil line between the oil tank and the hydraulic cylinder.
[0015] Furthermore, the adjustable discharge port device of the impact crusher of this utility model also has the following feature: the first solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are set in the oil line between the first hydraulic cylinder and the oil tank to control the extension and retraction of the rod of the first hydraulic cylinder.
[0016] Furthermore, the adjustable discharge port device of the impact crusher of this utility model also has the following feature: the second solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve are set in the oil line between the second hydraulic cylinder and the oil tank to control the extension and retraction of the rod of the second hydraulic cylinder.
[0017] Furthermore, the adjustable discharge port device of the impact crusher of this utility model also has the following features: the first check valve and the second check valve are respectively set in the oil circuit between the first hydraulic cylinder, the second hydraulic cylinder and the oil tank, and cooperate with the first solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve to control the extension and retraction of the rod of the second hydraulic cylinder.
[0018] Beneficial effects of utility model
[0019] This invention uses a hydraulic cylinder to adjust the discharge port, and the electronic control adjustment is more intuitive and convenient. In addition, the hydraulic cylinder is equipped with an accumulator to provide safety protection when passing iron. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the adjustable discharge port device of an impact crusher.
[0021] Figure 2 This is a hydraulic schematic diagram of the adjustable discharge port device for an impact crusher.
[0022] Figure 3 It is an adjustment flowchart. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the adjustable discharge port device of the impact crusher includes: main frame 1, rotor frame 2, drive shaft 3, hammer 4, first impact frame 51, second impact frame 52, first impact plate 61, second impact plate 62, first hydraulic cylinder 71, second hydraulic cylinder 72, first position sensor 81, second position sensor 82, first discharge port S1, and second discharge port S2.
[0025] V1: Detection distance of the position sensor corresponding to the first emission port S1; V2: Detection distance of the position sensor corresponding to the second emission port S2.
[0026] Hammer 4 is fixed on rotor frame 2. A drive shaft 3 is installed in the middle of the rotor frame to form a rotor component, which is then installed on the main frame 1.
[0027] The first impact plate 61 and the second impact plate 62 are respectively fixed to the first impact frame 51 and the second impact frame 52, and then installed on the main frame 1. The first impact frame 51 and the second impact frame 52 are arranged around the rotor component. One end of the impact frame is rotatably mounted on the frame 1 via a rotating shaft.
[0028] Meanwhile, the other end of the counterattack frame is hinged to the hydraulic cylinder rod, and the first counterattack frame 51 and the second counterattack frame 52 are respectively hinged to the front end of the rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 71 and the second hydraulic cylinder 72.
[0029] The cylinder bodies of the first hydraulic cylinder 71 and the second hydraulic cylinder 72 are fixed to the main frame 1. The first position sensor 81 and the second position sensor 82 are respectively installed on the two hydraulic cylinders to measure the extension distance of the pull rod.
[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the hydraulic system includes: an oil tank 21, an electric motor 22, a hydraulic pump 23, a third check valve, a pressure sensor 25, a safety valve 26, a third solenoid valve 271, a fourth solenoid valve 272, a first check valve 281, a second check valve 282, a first solenoid valve 291, a solenoid valve 292, a first accumulator 301, a second accumulator 302, a first hydraulic cylinder 71, and a hydraulic cylinder 72.
[0031] Hydraulic principle explanation:
[0032] A pressure sensor 25, a first position sensor 81, and a second position sensor 82 are installed in the hydraulic system. These are connected to a PLC and a touchscreen on the human-machine interface to display specific values.
[0033] Position sensors are mounted on the hydraulic cylinder to measure the displacement of the piston, while pressure sensors are installed in the system's oil circuit to control the start and stop of the battery solenoid valve and motor by measuring the system pressure. Safety valves provide safety protection to prevent excessive pressure from damaging system accessories.
[0034] Of course, in other implementations, the two hydraulic cylinders can also use their own independent oil tanks.
[0035] In some implementations, the size of the first discharge port S1 and the second discharge port S2 can be set more intuitively through a control cabinet, PLC, and human-machine interface.
[0036] An accumulator is an energy buffer device that uses a compressible gas, typically nitrogen, to store and release hydraulic energy. Inside the accumulator, an elastic element, such as a bladder or piston, separates the gas and oil chambers.
[0037] The gas chamber contains an inert gas that is compressible. This is key to energy storage, allowing energy to be absorbed or released through the compression and expansion of the gas.
[0038] The oil chamber contains hydraulic oil, which is virtually incompressible. It serves as the medium for transmitting pressure and is connected to the hydraulic system circuit.
[0039] The working process of the accumulator is as follows:
[0040] Energy storage process: When the system pressure increases, hydraulic oil enters the oil chamber of the accumulator, compresses the nitrogen in the gas chamber, and converts the hydraulic energy into the compressive potential energy of the gas for storage.
[0041] Energy release process: When the system pressure drops, the compressed nitrogen gas expands, squeezing out the hydraulic oil in the oil chamber and replenishing it into the system, thus converting the stored potential energy back into hydraulic energy.
[0042] In this way, when a hard object enters, the instantaneous increase in elastic force is partially absorbed by the accumulator via the hydraulic rod. After the instantaneous elastic force disappears, the accumulator releases the energy stored in the gas, pushing the hydraulic rod and its front-end first or second counter-attack frame back to the set position. This effectively reduces the impact.
[0043] like Figure 1The size S of the discharge port of the impact crusher is adjusted by a hydraulic cylinder. When the hydraulic cylinder is working, the piston rod pushes the impact frame, and the position sensor detects the displacement V of the piston movement to obtain the size of the discharge port S.
[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this device is driven by a hydraulic system. First, the discharge port S needs to be returned to zero, that is, the discharge port needs to be reduced until the impact plate and the hammer head collide. At the moment of collision, the hydraulic cylinder stops working.
[0045] The zeroing process for discharge port S1 is as follows: Motor 22 starts simultaneously with hydraulic pump 23. First solenoid valve 291 is energized, switching from position 0 to position 1. Third solenoid valve 272 is energized, switching from position 1 to position 2. The piston rod of first hydraulic cylinder 71 pushes first counter-attack frame 51 until first counter-attack plate 61 collides with hammer head 4. Simultaneously, the piston rod of first hydraulic cylinder 71 stops moving, meaning the hydraulic system pressure rises. After pressure sensor 25 receives a high-pressure signal, first solenoid valve 291 and third solenoid valve 272 reset, hydraulic oil returns to oil tank 21, and hydraulic cylinder 71 self-locks. At this point, discharge port S1 is zeroed. Zeroing discharge port S2 follows the same procedure; the steps for reducing the discharge port size are the same as the zeroing steps.
[0046] The process of increasing the discharge port S1 is as follows: Motor 71 is started, and hydraulic pump 23 starts simultaneously. First solenoid valve 291 is energized and set to position 0, then switches to position 2. Third solenoid valve 272 is energized and set to position 1, then switches to position 2. The piston rod of first hydraulic cylinder 71 retracts, pulling counter-attack frame 51 away from hammer 4, thus increasing the discharge port S1. The increased value is sensed by position sensor 81 on the hydraulic cylinder. When the desired discharge port size is reached, position sensor 81 sends a signal to the PLC, which ultimately feeds back to the solenoid valve. Simultaneously, first solenoid valve 291 and third solenoid valve 272 reset, and first hydraulic cylinder 71 self-locks. At this point, the desired discharge port is obtained. The process of increasing the discharge port S2 is similar.
[0047] like Figures 1 to 3Hydraulic cylinder pressurization: After obtaining the required discharge port S, the hydraulic cylinder needs to be pressurized to store energy in the accumulator, which is to provide safety protection when iron passes through. The above discharge port S1 zeroing operation process is repeated, that is, the solenoid valve 291 moves from position 0 to position 1, and the solenoid valve 271 moves from position 1 to position 2. That is, the hydraulic cylinder is pressurized. When the required pressure is reached, the pressure sensor 5 provides a signal feedback to the PLC to control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve. When the equipment enters the iron block or difficult-to-crush material, the piston rods of the first hydraulic cylinder 71 and the second hydraulic cylinder 72 retract, the first check valve 281 and the second check valve 282 open, and at the same time, hydraulic oil enters the first accumulator 301 and the second accumulator 302 respectively. After the iron block passes through, the solenoid valves 291 and 292 are energized and move from position 0 to position 1. The hydraulic oil in the first accumulator 301 and the second accumulator 302 returns to the first hydraulic cylinder 71 and the second hydraulic cylinder 72 respectively. At this time, the piston rod returns to the previous discharge port.
[0048] The above operation steps can be completed on the touchscreen human-machine interface. After manually or automatically zeroing on the screen and inputting the required discharge port size, the system will automatically complete the operation. This achieves iron cross-flow safety protection and automatic discharge port adjustment functions.
[0049] The size of the discharge port opening of the impact crusher is adjusted by regulating the extension distance of the hydraulic rod, and this opening size is maintained by an accumulator.
[0050] Using this device can quickly complete the operation, saving a lot of labor costs, and making the operation more precise and intelligent.
Claims
1. An adjustable discharge port device for an impact crusher, characterized in that, include: Main unit rack, The drive shaft is rotatably connected to the main frame; The rotor frame is connected to the drive shaft; Multiple hammers are arranged circumferentially on the rotor frame; The first and second impact frames are disposed on the outer periphery of the rotor frame, and one end of the first and second impact frames is respectively mounted on the main frame via a rotating shaft. The first and second hydraulic cylinders are mounted on the main frame. The other ends of the first and second counterattack frames are respectively hinged to the pull rods of the first and second hydraulic cylinders; A first discharge port and a second discharge port are formed between the hammer and the first or second counterattack frame, respectively.
2. The adjustable discharge port device for the impact crusher as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also has: The first accumulator and the second accumulator are respectively connected to the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder.
3. The adjustable discharge port device for the impact crusher as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also has: The first counter-attack plate is fixedly installed on the side of the first counter-attack frame facing the hammer head. The second counter-attack plate is fixedly installed on the side of the second counter-attack frame facing the hammer head.
4. The adjustable discharge port device for the impact crusher as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also has: The first position sensor and the second position sensor are respectively installed at the ends of the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder.
5. The adjustable discharge port device for the impact crusher as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder share a single oil tank; A hydraulic pump, connected to the oil tank, supplies oil to the first and second hydraulic cylinders through pipelines; An electric motor is connected to the hydraulic pump and drives the hydraulic pump.
6. The adjustable discharge port device for the impact crusher as described in claim 5, characterized in that, It also has: A pressure sensor is installed in the oil line between the oil tank and the hydraulic cylinder.
7. The adjustable discharge port device for the impact crusher as described in claim 5, characterized in that, have: The first solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are installed in the oil line between the first hydraulic cylinder and the oil tank to control the extension and retraction of the lever of the first hydraulic cylinder.
8. The adjustable discharge port device for the impact crusher as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The second and fourth solenoid valves are located in the oil line between the second hydraulic cylinder and the oil tank to control the extension and retraction of the lever of the second hydraulic cylinder.
9. The adjustable discharge port device for the impact crusher as described in claim 8, characterized in that, have: The first check valve and the second check valve are respectively installed in the oil circuit between the first hydraulic cylinder, the second hydraulic cylinder and the oil tank, and work in conjunction with the first solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve to control the extension and retraction of the lever of the second hydraulic cylinder.