Dendrobium polysaccharide crushing and extracting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of pulverization extraction devices of dendrobium polysaccharide, it is related to the technical field of agricultural product processing equipment, including extraction tank, pulverization mechanism and extraction mechanism, the top and bottom of extraction tank are respectively provided with feed hole and discharge hole, pulverization mechanism includes pulverization box, pulverization assembly and liquid injection pipe, pulverization box is fixedly arranged at the top of extraction tank, pulverization assembly is arranged in pulverization box, for pulverizing dendrobium in pulverization box, liquid injection pipe is communicated with pulverization box, extraction mechanism includes ultrasonic generator and ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic transducer is fixedly arranged in extraction tank, material automatic flow is realized by the direct communication of pulverization box and extraction tank, without additional setting conveying equipment, reduce the cumbersome link of traditional multiple equipment series connection, reduce artificial intervention cost, also avoid the loss of material in the process of transfer, integrated design reduces the connecting pipeline between equipment, reduce material residue and cleaning difficulty, save cleaning water and energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural product processing equipment, specifically to a device for crushing and extracting Dendrobium polysaccharides. Background Technology

[0002] Dendrobium officinale, belonging to the genus Dendrobium in the family Orchidaceae of the order Microsperms in the class Monocotyledonae of the phylum Angiospermum, is also known as Iron Orchid, Iron-skin Orchid, and Lishu Grass. It has a long history of medicinal use and is considered the most potent among the more than seventy Dendrobium species in China. Rich in polysaccharides and dendrobines, it contains several times more polysaccharides and dendrobines than other varieties, making it a traditional and precious Chinese medicine with both medicinal and health-promoting effects. The stems of Dendrobium officinale contain various alkaloids, polysaccharides, amino acids, and starch. The pharmacological effects of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides, alkaloids, and phenols are interconnected yet distinct. Alkaloids primarily exhibit anti-tumor, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal inhibitory effects, as well as analgesic and antipyretic effects. Phenolic compounds mainly show anti-aging effects, while Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides primarily demonstrate immune-boosting, hypoglycemic, anti-cancer, and anti-aging effects.

[0003] Traditional Dendrobium polysaccharide extraction relies on a single piece of equipment and a step-by-step process. The Dendrobium raw material must first be crushed by an independent pulverizer, and then the pulverized powder is transferred to the extraction tank manually or by conveying equipment. After adding the extraction liquid, heating and stirring are used to promote the dissolution of polysaccharides.

[0004] However, in industrial production scenarios, step-by-step operations have problems such as cumbersome processes, large material losses, and high energy consumption. Furthermore, traditional extraction methods (such as simple heating and stirring) have limited damage to the cell walls of Dendrobium, resulting in a low polysaccharide dissolution rate, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale, cost-effective production. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention provides a Dendrobium polysaccharide pulverizing and extraction device, which can solve the problem that in the existing technology, Dendrobium polysaccharide extraction in industrial production mostly relies on a single equipment and step-by-step operation. It requires first crushing the Dendrobium raw material with an independent pulverizer, and then transferring it to the extraction tank by manual labor or conveying equipment. After adding the extraction liquid, the polysaccharide is promoted to dissolve by heating, stirring and other methods. This mode has the problems of cumbersome process, large material loss and high energy consumption.

[0006] A device for pulverizing and extracting Dendrobium polysaccharides includes an extraction tank, a pulverizing mechanism, and an extraction mechanism. The extraction tank has an extraction chamber on its inner side. The top and bottom of the extraction tank have an inlet and a outlet respectively, both communicating with the extraction chamber. The pulverizing mechanism includes a pulverizing box, a pulverizing component, and a liquid injection pipe. The pulverizing box is fixedly installed on the top of the extraction tank. The top and bottom of the pulverizing box have an inlet and a outlet respectively, and the outlet is connected to the inlet. The pulverizing component is installed inside the pulverizing box for pulverizing the Dendrobium within the pulverizing box. The liquid injection pipe is connected to the pulverizing box. The extraction mechanism includes an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic transducer. The ultrasonic transducer is fixedly installed inside the extraction tank, and the ultrasonic generator is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transducer.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the crushing assembly includes a rotating shaft and cutting blades. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a crushing chamber, and a plurality of cutting blades are arranged in a circular array on the side of the rotating shaft. The crushing assembly also includes a drive motor, which is fixedly connected to the crushing chamber, and the output end of the drive motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft.

[0008] According to one embodiment of this utility model, a plurality of ultrasonic transducers are arranged in a circular array inside the extraction tank, and each ultrasonic transducer is electrically connected to an ultrasonic generator. The extraction mechanism also includes a plurality of ultrasonic propagation rods, each fixedly connected to a corresponding ultrasonic transducer.

[0009] According to one embodiment of this utility model, the extraction mechanism further includes a heat-conducting plate, a heat-insulating sleeve, a heating component, a temperature sensor, and a temperature controller. A through groove is formed at the bottom of the extraction tank, and the heat-conducting plate is embedded in the through groove. The heat-insulating sleeve is fixedly disposed on the outside of the extraction tank and located at the opening of the through groove. The heating component is disposed between the heat-conducting plate and the heat-insulating sleeve. The temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the extraction tank, and the detection end of the temperature sensor is located inside the extraction tank. Both the heating component and the temperature sensor are electrically connected to the temperature controller. The heating component includes an electric heating coil, which is fixedly disposed between the heat-conducting plate and the heat-insulating sleeve.

[0010] According to one embodiment of this utility model, a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve are respectively installed in the discharge port and discharge hole. The cross-section of the crushing box is circular, and the axis of the liquid injection pipe is tangent to the outer periphery of the crushing box. Several liquid injection pipes are arranged in a ring array on the side of the crushing box.

[0011] The advantages of this utility model compared to the prior art are: The direct connection between the crushing chamber and the extraction chamber enables automatic material flow without the need for additional conveying equipment. This reduces the cumbersome process of connecting multiple devices in series, lowers the cost of manual intervention, and avoids material loss during transportation. The integrated design reduces the number of connecting pipes between devices, reduces material residue and cleaning difficulty. Only the crushing chamber and extraction chamber need to be cleaned after each use, saving cleaning water and energy.

[0012] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a device for pulverizing and extracting Dendrobium polysaccharides.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the extraction tank of this utility model.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the crushing box in this utility model.

[0016] The reference numerals in the figures include: 1. Extraction tank; 2. Crushing mechanism; 3. Extraction mechanism; 4. Extraction chamber; 5. Feed port; 6. Discharge port; 7. Crushing box; 8. Liquid injection pipe; 9. Feed inlet; 10. Discharge port; 11. Ultrasonic transducer; 12. Rotating shaft; 13. Cutting blade; 14. Drive motor; 15. Ultrasonic wave propagation rod; 16. Heat-conducting plate; 17. Heat insulation sleeve; 18. Heating assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0018] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a Dendrobium polysaccharide pulverizing and extraction device includes an extraction tank 1, a pulverizing mechanism 2, and an extraction mechanism 3. The extraction tank 1 has an extraction chamber 4 on its inner side. The top and bottom of the extraction tank 1 have a feed inlet 5 and a discharge outlet 6, respectively, connected to the extraction chamber 4. The pulverizing mechanism 2 includes a pulverizing box 7, a pulverizing assembly, and a liquid injection pipe 8. The pulverizing box 7 is fixedly installed on the top of the extraction tank 1. The top and bottom of the pulverizing box 7 have a feed inlet 9 and a discharge outlet 10, respectively, and the discharge outlet 10 is connected to the feed inlet 5. The pulverizing assembly is installed inside the pulverizing box 7 for pulverizing the Dendrobium within the pulverizing box 7. The liquid injection pipe 8 is connected to the pulverizing box 7. The extraction mechanism 3 includes an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic transducer 11. The ultrasonic transducer 11 is fixedly installed inside the extraction tank 1, and the ultrasonic generator is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transducer 11.

[0019] During the raw material pretreatment stage, workers feed the Dendrobium officinale raw materials into the feed inlet 9 at the top of the crushing chamber 7. The crushing components (such as high-speed rotating blades or grinding rollers) mechanically crush the raw materials inside the crushing chamber 7: the cell wall structure of the Dendrobium officinale is broken down by shearing, impact, or extrusion, making the polysaccharide components inside the cells easier to dissolve. At the same time, the injection pipe 8 injects the extraction liquid (such as hot water or enzymatic hydrolysate) into the crushing chamber 7. The extraction liquid and the crushed Dendrobium officinale powder are initially mixed to form a slurry-like mixture, which then enters the extraction chamber 4 through the discharge port 10 at the bottom of the crushing chamber 7 and the feed hole 5 at the top of the extraction tank 1, completing the pretreatment and material conveying.

[0020] After entering the extraction stage, the ultrasonic generator outputs a high-frequency electrical signal, which is transmitted to the ultrasonic transducer 11 fixed inside the extraction tank 1 via an electrical connection. The ultrasonic transducer 11 converts the electrical energy into high-frequency mechanical vibration. The vibration energy is transferred to the Dendrobium powder through the mixture in the extraction chamber 4. Utilizing the "cavitation effect" of ultrasound (the formation and instantaneous rupture of tiny bubbles in the liquid, generating local high pressure), the residual cell walls are further disrupted, while simultaneously promoting the diffusion of polysaccharide molecules from the cells into the extract. During the ultrasonic process, the mixture remains in full contact with the Dendrobium powder, ensuring efficient dissolution of polysaccharides. After extraction, the polysaccharide-containing mixture is discharged through the discharge hole 6 at the bottom of the extraction tank 1, entering the subsequent separation and purification process.

[0021] The direct connection between the crushing chamber 7 and the extraction chamber 1 enables automatic material flow without the need for additional conveying equipment. This reduces the cumbersome process of connecting multiple devices in series, lowers the cost of manual intervention, and avoids material loss during the transfer process. The integrated design reduces the number of connecting pipes between devices, reduces material residue and cleaning difficulty. After each use, only the crushing chamber 7 and the extraction chamber 4 need to be cleaned, saving cleaning water and energy consumption.

[0022] According to one embodiment of this utility model, the crushing assembly includes a rotating shaft 12 and cutting blades 13. The rotating shaft 12 is rotatably connected to the crushing chamber 7. Several cutting blades 13 are arranged in a circular array on the side of the rotating shaft 12. The crushing assembly also includes a drive motor 14, which is fixedly connected to the crushing chamber 7. The output end of the drive motor 14 is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 12. The drive motor 14 drives the rotating shaft 12 and the cutting blades 13 to rotate, thereby achieving shearing and crushing of the raw materials. The several cutting blades 13 are fixed in a circular array on the side of the rotating shaft 12, forming a multi-directional shearing surface, avoiding crushing dead angles, and cutting the raw materials into uniform fine particles, effectively destroying the outer cell walls of Dendrobium.

[0023] According to one embodiment of this utility model, a plurality of ultrasonic transducers 11 are arranged in a ring array inside the extraction tank 1, and each ultrasonic transducer 11 is electrically connected to an ultrasonic generator. The extraction mechanism 3 also includes an ultrasonic propagation rod 15, a plurality of which are fixedly connected to a corresponding ultrasonic transducer 11. The ring distribution of multiple transducers and the cooperation of the propagation rods expand the ultrasonic range. Each transducer is electrically connected to the ultrasonic generator through an independent wire to ensure a stable high-frequency electrical signal; the output end of each ultrasonic transducer 11 is fixedly connected to an ultrasonic propagation rod 15, which extends into the extraction chamber 4, allowing the vibration energy to reach the deep slurry inside the tank, further destroying the residual cell walls of Dendrobium. At the same time, the vibration energy can also promote the convection of the mixture, accelerate the diffusion of polysaccharide molecules from the cells into the extract, and improve the dissolution efficiency. Furthermore, the ultrasonic propagation rod 15 is made of high-strength stainless steel (such as 304 stainless steel) to reduce vibration energy loss.

[0024] According to one embodiment of this utility model, the extraction mechanism 3 further includes a heat-conducting plate 16, a heat-insulating sleeve 17, a heating assembly 18, a temperature sensor, and a temperature controller. A through groove is formed at the bottom of the extraction tank 1. The heat-conducting plate 16 is embedded in the through groove. The heat-insulating sleeve 17 is fixedly disposed on the outside of the extraction tank 1 and located at the opening of the through groove. The heating assembly 18 is disposed between the heat-conducting plate 16 and the heat-insulating sleeve 17. The temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the extraction tank 1, and the detection end of the temperature sensor is located inside the extraction tank 1. Both the heating assembly 18 and the temperature sensor are electrically connected to the temperature controller. The heating assembly 18 includes an electric heating coil, which is fixedly disposed between the heat-conducting plate 16 and the heat-insulating sleeve 17.

[0025] The staff presets the extraction temperature using a temperature controller. The temperature controller then activates the heating element 18, energizing the heating coil. The heat is rapidly transferred to the mixture in the extraction chamber 4 via the heat-conducting plate 16, gradually increasing the liquid temperature. Simultaneously, the temperature sensor feeds back the detected temperature signal to the temperature controller in real time. When the temperature reaches the preset value, the temperature controller automatically reduces the power of the heating element 18 to maintain a stable temperature. If the temperature exceeds the preset value, the temperature controller cuts off the heating power to prevent high temperatures from damaging the polysaccharide activity.

[0026] According to one embodiment of this utility model, a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve are respectively installed in the discharge port 10 and the discharge hole 6. The cross-section of the crushing box 7 is circular, and the axis of the liquid injection pipe 8 is tangent to the outer periphery of the crushing box 7. Several liquid injection pipes 8 are arranged in a ring array on the side of the crushing box 7.

[0027] During raw material pretreatment, the first solenoid valve is initially closed, and crushing operations take place in the crushing chamber 7. After crushing, the extraction liquid is injected tangentially through the injection pipe 8. The extraction liquid forms a vortex flow within the circular crushing chamber 7, causing the crushed powder to rotate and achieve thorough mixing, preventing the powder from settling at the bottom of the chamber. After crushing and premixing are completed, the first solenoid valve is opened, and the slurry quickly enters the extraction tank 1 through the discharge port 10 under the action of gravity and vortex inertia. After extraction, the second solenoid valve is opened, and the polysaccharide-containing mixture is discharged through the discharge hole 6. The discharge speed can be controlled by adjusting the opening of the second solenoid valve to adapt to the processing capacity of subsequent separation equipment.

[0028] The above-disclosed embodiments are only a few specific examples of the present utility model. However, the embodiments of the present utility model are not limited thereto. Any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A device for pulverizing and extracting Dendrobium polysaccharides, characterized in that, The extraction device includes an extraction tank (1), a crushing mechanism (2), and an extraction mechanism (3). The extraction tank (1) has an extraction chamber (4) on its inner side. The top and bottom of the extraction tank (1) are respectively provided with a feed hole (5) and a discharge hole (6) that are connected to the extraction chamber (4). The crushing mechanism (2) includes a crushing box (7), a crushing component, and a liquid injection pipe (8). The crushing box (7) is fixedly installed on the top of the extraction tank (1). The top and bottom of the crushing box (7) are respectively provided with a feed port (9) and a discharge port (10), and the discharge port (10) is connected to the feed hole (5). The crushing component is installed in the crushing box (7) and is used to crush the Dendrobium in the crushing box (7). The liquid injection pipe (8) is connected to the crushing box (7). The extraction mechanism (3) includes an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic transducer (11). The ultrasonic transducer (11) is fixedly installed in the extraction tank (1), and the ultrasonic generator is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transducer (11).

2. The Dendrobium polysaccharide pulverizing and extraction device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing assembly includes a rotating shaft (12) and cutting blades (13). The rotating shaft (12) is rotatably connected to the crushing box (7). Several cutting blades (13) are provided and arranged in a ring array on the side of the rotating shaft (12).

3. The Dendrobium polysaccharide pulverizing and extraction device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The crushing assembly also includes a drive motor (14), which is fixedly connected to the crushing box (7), and the output end of the drive motor (14) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (12) on the same axis.

4. The Dendrobium polysaccharide pulverizing and extraction device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Several ultrasonic transducers (11) are provided and arranged in a ring array inside the extraction tank (1), and each ultrasonic transducer (11) is electrically connected to an ultrasonic generator.

5. The Dendrobium polysaccharide pulverizing and extraction device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The extraction mechanism (3) also includes an ultrasonic propagation rod (15), which is provided in several parts and is fixedly connected to the corresponding ultrasonic transducer (11).

6. The Dendrobium polysaccharide pulverizing and extraction device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The extraction mechanism (3) also includes a heat-conducting plate (16), a heat insulation sleeve (17), a heating component (18), a temperature sensor, and a temperature controller. The bottom of the extraction tank (1) is provided with a through groove. The heat-conducting plate (16) is embedded in the through groove. The heat insulation sleeve (17) is fixedly installed on the outside of the extraction tank (1) and located at the opening of the through groove. The heating component (18) is installed between the heat-conducting plate (16) and the heat insulation sleeve (17). The temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the extraction tank (1), and the detection end of the temperature sensor is located on the inside of the extraction tank (1). The heating component (18) and the temperature sensor are both electrically connected to the temperature controller.

7. The Dendrobium polysaccharide pulverizing and extraction device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The heating assembly (18) includes an electric heating coil, which is fixedly disposed between the heat-conducting plate (16) and the heat insulation sleeve (17).

8. The Dendrobium polysaccharide pulverizing and extraction device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge port (10) and discharge hole (6) are respectively equipped with a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve.

9. The Dendrobium polysaccharide pulverizing and extraction device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the pulverizing box (7) is circular, and the axis of the liquid injection pipe (8) is tangent to the outer periphery of the pulverizing box (7).

10. The Dendrobium polysaccharide pulverizing and extraction device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The injection tubes (8) are arranged in a ring array on the side of the pulverizing box (7).

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