Tunnel waste and solid waste pretreatment crushing and sorting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a railway tunnel abandoned slag and solid waste pretreatment crushing and sorting device relates to railway construction solid waste treatment field, including the primary vibration screen device, two -stage drum screen, multifunctional conveyer belt, crushing device, two -stage hoist conveyor and three -level double -deck vibration screen in turn link, and the optional manual screen inspection work station of iron remover is configured, adopts circuitous compact layout and is integrated in the carriage to realize mobile operation. Its through coarse screen removes big piece, fine screen divides medium fine, crushing backflow, accurate grading closed loop process, separates railway tunnel abandoned slag and so on solid waste big piece, medium aggregate, fine aggregate and fine soil material in turn, adapts the flowability demand of railway construction, can handle solid waste in situ, significantly improves the sorting accuracy and resource utilization, reduces dust dispersion and long -distance transportation cost, satisfies the strict standard of railway engineering recycled aggregate and green construction requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of engineering waste and solid waste treatment technology in railway construction tunnel excavation, specifically to a tunnel waste and solid waste pretreatment crushing and sorting device. Background Technology

[0002] In railway construction, especially during the excavation of long tunnels and track renovation, a large amount of solid waste, such as tunnel spoil and discarded concrete blocks, is generated. This type of solid waste is characterized by its large quantity and complex mixture of soil and rock, including soil, rock blocks, concrete fragments, scrap steel bars, debris, and other impurities. Railway projects have a huge demand for consumable materials such as roadbed fill, ballast, and precast component aggregates. Converting tunnel spoil and other solid waste into usable crushed soil and gravel can reduce building material procurement costs and decrease the mining of primary mineral resources, resulting in significant economic and ecological benefits.

[0003] Currently, the railway industry has gradually promoted the resource-based treatment of solid waste, but existing pretreatment crushing and sorting equipment still has many adaptability defects in practical applications, making it difficult to meet the stringent requirements of railway engineering:

[0004] First, the sorting accuracy is insufficient and cannot meet the standards for recycled aggregates used in railway engineering. Railway engineering has specific requirements for the gradation, mud content, and crushing index of recycled aggregates. For example, premium ballast must meet the following requirements: mud content ≤0.5%, Los Angeles abrasion rate ≤18%; and coarse aggregates for C30 and above concrete must have a mud content ≤1.0% and a needle-like / flaky particle content ≤8%. Existing equipment mostly uses single-stage or two-stage screening, lacks a post-crushing recycling screening mechanism, and does not have a dedicated treatment structure for impurities such as feldspar and mud in railway solid waste. This results in discontinuous gradation of recycled aggregates, making it difficult to meet the performance requirements of related consumables in the "Technical Specification for Application of Recycled Sand, Powder, Concrete and Products from Railway Engineering Construction Solid Waste". It also leads to multiple transfers and increased costs.

[0005] Secondly, the equipment has poor mobility and cannot meet the mobility requirements of railway construction. Railway tunnels are mostly located in remote mountainous areas or areas with complex terrain. The construction sites are scattered and often temporary, requiring solid waste treatment equipment to have the ability to be quickly transferred and processed on-site. Existing equipment is mostly distributed and fixed, with each crushing and screening unit set up independently. This results in a large footprint, long installation and commissioning cycles, and high relocation and transportation costs. It is difficult to achieve "on-site treatment and reuse" in line with the tunnel excavation progress, resulting in a large amount of solid waste needing to be transported over long distances, which increases construction costs and poses transportation safety hazards.

[0006] Furthermore, the iron-containing impurities such as scrap steel bars and nails mixed in with railway solid waste not only wear down broken parts but also affect the purity of recycled aggregates. However, most equipment is not equipped with dedicated iron removal devices, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale processing.

[0007] In addition, railway construction sites are often limited by terrain and have limited space. Existing distributed equipment is loosely connected to each unit, requiring a large amount of space for installation and operation, making it difficult to deploy in narrow tunnel entrances or temporary work areas. At the same time, material transfer relies on manual assistance, which not only increases labor costs but also poses material loss and safety risks, resulting in low overall processing efficiency.

[0008] In summary, existing tunnel spoil and solid waste pretreatment crushing and sorting equipment fails to meet the specific needs of the railway industry in terms of sorting accuracy, mobility, environmental friendliness, and integration, thus hindering the large-scale promotion of railway solid waste resource utilization. Therefore, developing a compact, mobile, and precise railway-specific solid waste pretreatment crushing and sorting device has significant practical importance and industry application value. Utility Model Content

[0009] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a pretreatment crushing and sorting device for tunnel spoil and solid waste. Specifically, this utility model is implemented as follows, comprising:

[0010] The primary vibrating screen device includes a primary feed inlet, a primary discharge outlet, and a secondary discharge outlet; it is used to screen waste residue and solid waste to separate large pieces from medium and small fine slag. Large pieces can be discharged directly from the primary discharge outlet, while medium and small fine slag is discharged from the secondary discharge outlet.

[0011] The two-stage screening device includes a two-stage feed inlet, a three-stage discharge outlet, and a four-stage discharge outlet. The two-stage feed inlet is connected below the two-stage discharge outlet and is used for two-stage screening of medium and fine slag. Medium-grade waste slag is discharged from the three-stage discharge outlet, and fine slag is discharged from the four-stage discharge outlet.

[0012] The first lifting conveyor, located below the fourth-stage discharge port, is used to transport fine slag to the third-stage screening device.

[0013] A multi-functional conveyor belt is connected below the third-stage discharge port and between the crushing device to transport intermediate waste to the feed port of the crushing device.

[0014] Crushing device, used to crush intermediate waste slag to obtain fine slag;

[0015] The second lifting conveyor is connected to the discharge end of the crushing device, and the other end is connected to the first lifting conveyor or the three-stage screening device.

[0016] The three-stage screening device is used to further screen the fine residue into fine residues of different fineness and discharge them.

[0017] The primary vibrating screen device is arranged obliquely and includes a coarse screen plate. The end of the coarse screen plate is the lower end and is connected to an extended discharge plate at the end. The conveyor belt is located below the coarse screen plate and the discharge end of the conveyor belt is the higher end, which is connected to the feed end of the secondary screening device.

[0018] The secondary screening device is a drum screen, and a receiving tray is installed at the inlet end of the drum screen. The receiving tray is installed obliquely and located below the discharge end of the conveyor belt. The drum screen is arranged obliquely towards the discharge end.

[0019] The multifunctional conveyor belt is equipped with an iron remover suspended above the surface of the conveyor belt, which is used to adsorb and remove iron-containing substances mixed in the intermediate waste slag.

[0020] The crushing device is a small jaw crusher or a small cone crusher.

[0021] The discharge ends of the second and first lifting conveyors are equipped with downward-extending dustproof barriers.

[0022] The three-stage screening device includes a double-layered vibrating screen plate, which can screen fine slag into medium-grade aggregate, fine aggregate and fine soil material; the material is discharged from the first discharge plate, the second discharge plate and the third discharge plate installed on the three-stage screening device, respectively.

[0023] One side of the multi-functional conveyor belt can be equipped with a manual screening station.

[0024] The tunnel spoil and solid waste pretreatment crushing and sorting device is arranged in a compact manner. The primary vibrating screen device is installed horizontally at the front end of the device, the secondary screening device is arranged vertically along one side, the first lifting conveyor is arranged horizontally below the secondary screening device, and the second lifting conveyor is arranged vertically in a roundabout manner, connecting the crushing device and the first lifting conveyor respectively; the tertiary screening device is installed vertically on the other side, so that the devices form a roundabout compact layout that is connected in sequence.

[0025] The tunnel spoil and solid waste pretreatment crushing and sorting device is integrated and installed in a carriage. The primary feed inlet is exposed on the top surface of the carriage, and the primary discharge outlet, the first discharge plate, the second discharge plate, and the third discharge plate extend outward from the side window on the same side of the carriage.

[0026] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: This utility model achieves efficient pretreatment and resource-based classification of solid waste through a closed-loop process of coarse screening → targeted crushing → recycling → precision screening.

[0027] Primary coarse screening and grading: Tunnel waste and solid waste enter the inclined primary vibrating screen device from the primary feed inlet and are separated by the coarse screen plate. Large pieces (oversized particles that do not require crushing) and long strips of debris, such as tree branches, scrap steel bars, and scrap metal parts, are isolated above the coarse screen plate under the vibration of the screen plate, while fragile soil clods are loosened by the vibration and enter below the screen plate. Finally, they are discharged directly from the primary discharge outlet along the extended discharge plate. These large debris are processed uniformly or stored and transported centrally. Small and medium-sized fine slag falls onto the conveyor belt below and is transported by the upper end of the conveyor belt to the feed end of the secondary screening device.

[0028] Secondary fine screening: Small and medium-sized slag enters the inclined drum screen of the secondary screening device through the receiving tray. Because of the rotation, the drum screen can comprehensively screen small and medium-sized slag, further loosening and breaking up fragile soil lumps. After screening, larger medium-sized waste (medium-sized particles that need to be crushed) that cannot be filtered out is discharged from the tertiary discharge port, and fine slag (materials that have reached the initial fineness) is discharged from the quaternary discharge port.

[0029] Fine slag conveying and intermediate waste disposal: The fine slag discharged from the fourth-stage outlet is directly conveyed to the third-stage screening device by the first lifting conveyor below; the intermediate waste discharged from the third-stage outlet is conveyed to the crushing device by a multi-functional conveyor belt. During the conveying process, the iron remover above the conveyor belt simultaneously adsorbs and removes iron-containing impurities mixed in. If a manual screening station is configured, irregularly shaped or difficult-to-crush debris, such as other metal parts, can be further removed.

[0030] Crushing and Recirculation Screening: Intermediate waste slag enters a small jaw crusher or cone crusher, where it is crushed into fine slag. This slag is then returned to the first elevator conveyor via a second elevator conveyor or directly enters the tertiary screening device, achieving a crushing-screening cycle to ensure thorough material refinement. A dustproof enclosure is installed at the discharge end of the elevator conveyor to reduce dust emissions during screening and crushing.

[0031] All fine slag (including fine slag from direct screening and crushing and subsequent return) enters a three-stage screening device. Through a double-layer vibrating screen, it is precisely separated into three categories: medium-grade aggregate, fine aggregate, and fine-grained soil, which are then discharged through the first, second, and third discharge plates, respectively, completing the pretreatment and resource-based classification of solid waste. Multiple outlets allow for classified discharge, enabling various recyclable resources to be directly connected to subsequent processing or storage, simplifying the production process and reducing secondary processing costs. The screened fine slag can also be subsequently used in the field of cover soil.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this utility model compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0033] (1) Realize on-site three-stage screening: With the crushing and circulation design and the double-layer vibrating screen plate grading, solid waste can be accurately screened into medium-grade aggregate, fine aggregate and fine soil. The gradation is continuous, which is convenient for centralized loading and transportation after classification. It saves the transportation cost, time and manpower of directly transporting slag and then crushing and screening it and then continuing to transport it.

[0034] (2) Integrated design adapts to the mobility of railway construction: The overall integrated compact design can directly set up a small construction area or be arranged in the carriage. It can directly enter the tunnel entrance and temporary work area along the line according to the needs of the site. It can follow the progress of railway excavation or renovation to achieve "on-site treatment and on-site reuse", which greatly reduces the cost and safety hazards of long-distance transportation of solid waste.

[0035] (3) Environmental performance meets the requirements of green construction of railway: The dustproof enclosure of the hoisting conveyor can effectively control the dust emission, which is in line with the environmental protection management standards of ecologically sensitive areas along the railway; the iron remover accurately adsorbs iron-containing impurities such as scrap steel bars and rail debris, which not only protects the crushing equipment, but also avoids impurities from affecting the quality of recycled aggregates and reduces pollution to the environment along the line.

[0036] (4) Scientific and reasonable structure: The design of the inclined primary vibrating screen and extended discharge plate, the inclined drum screen and receiving plate avoids material accumulation and blockage; small jaw crusher or cone crusher can be selected to adapt to different rock materials such as granite and concrete blocks in railway waste, ensuring continuous operation; the dustproof enclosure of the lifting conveyor can effectively control dust emission, which meets the environmental protection management standards of ecologically sensitive areas along the railway; the iron remover accurately adsorbs iron-containing impurities such as waste steel bars and rail debris, which not only protects the crushing equipment, but also avoids impurities from affecting the quality of recycled aggregates and reduces pollution to the environment along the line. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural view of a pretreatment crushing and sorting device for tunnel spoil and solid waste;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the primary vibrating screen device;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a multi-functional conveyor belt;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the crushing device;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the primary vibrating screen device;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a three-stage screening device;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the material inlet and outlet of the secondary screening device;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the processing procedure of a pretreatment crushing and sorting device for tunnel spoil and solid waste;

[0045] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the state effect used in Example 3.

[0046] Figure label:

[0047] 1—Primary vibrating screen device, 11—Primary feed inlet, 12—First-stage discharge outlet, 13—Second-stage discharge outlet, 14—Coarse screen plate, 15—Extended discharge plate, 16—Material conveyor belt;

[0048] 2—Secondary screening device; 21—Secondary feed inlet; 22—Third-stage discharge outlet; 23—Fourth-stage discharge outlet; 24—Receiving tray;

[0049] 3—First lifting conveyor;

[0050] 4—Multi-functional conveyor belt; 41—Iron separator;

[0051] 5—Crushing device;

[0052] 6—Second lifting conveyor;

[0053] 7—Three-stage screening device, 71—First discharge plate, 72—Second discharge plate, 73—Third discharge plate discharge;

[0054] 8—Carriage. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] This embodiment provides a pretreatment crushing and sorting device for tunnel spoil and solid waste, the basic structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a primary vibrating screen device 1, a secondary screening device 2, a first lifting conveyor 3, a multi-functional conveyor belt 4, a crushing device 5, a second lifting conveyor 6, and a tertiary screening device 7.

[0058] The primary vibrating screen device 1 is arranged obliquely and includes a primary feed inlet 11, a primary discharge outlet 12, and a secondary discharge outlet 13. Inside the primary vibrating screen device 1 is a coarse screen plate 14, with its lower end connected to an extended discharge plate 15. A conveyor belt 16 is located below the coarse screen plate 14, with its discharge end at the upper end, connecting to the feed end of the secondary screening device 2. The primary vibrating screen device 1 is used for preliminary screening of waste and solid waste: large objects (such as oversized rocks, branches, and scrap metal) are isolated above the coarse screen plate 14 by the vibration and discharged directly from the primary discharge outlet 12 through the extended discharge plate 15; small and medium-sized fine slag (including soil clods and rock fragments) fall through the coarse screen plate 14 into the conveyor belt 16 below.

[0059] The secondary screening device 2 is a drum screen, including a secondary feed inlet 21, a tertiary discharge inlet 22, and a quaternary discharge inlet 23. The secondary feed inlet 21 is connected to the discharge end of the conveyor belt 16 via a receiving tray 24, which is installed at an angle to smoothly receive materials. The drum screen is arranged at an angle towards the discharge end to ensure that the material is fully tumbled and screened inside the drum. During operation, small and medium-sized fine slag enters the drum screen through the receiving tray 24 and is further screened by the rolling action of the drum: medium-sized waste slag (medium-sized material that needs to be crushed) is discharged from the tertiary discharge inlet 22, and fine slag (material that has reached a preliminary fineness) is discharged from the quaternary discharge inlet 23.

[0060] The first lifting conveyor 3 is located below the fourth-stage discharge port 23 and is used to transport fine slag to the third-stage screening device 7. The multi-functional conveyor belt 4 is connected between the third-stage discharge port 22 and the feed port of the crushing device 5, and is used to transport intermediate waste to the crushing device 5. The crushing device 5 is used to crush the intermediate waste, converting it into fine slag. The second lifting conveyor 6 is connected to the discharge end of the crushing device 5, and its other end is connected to the first lifting conveyor 3 or the third-stage screening device 7 to realize the return of crushed material. The third-stage screening device 7 is used to receive the fine slag from the first lifting conveyor 3 and the second lifting conveyor 6, and further screen it into aggregates and soil of different fineness.

[0061] In this embodiment, the power supply for the device can be drawn from the main transformer at the construction site, and a dedicated secondary or tertiary distribution box can be installed near the device for power supply; alternatively, a high-power diesel generator set can be used, with the rated power of the generator being 30%-50% greater than the total peak power of the device to allow for a margin. The generator set is treated as an independent device and supplies power to the device via cable. The specific power supply method is a conventional technical means and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0062] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: Tunnel waste and solid waste enter the primary vibrating screen device 1 through the primary feed inlet 11, where large pieces and small to medium-sized fine slag are separated by the coarse screen plate 14. Large pieces are discharged from the primary discharge outlet 12, while small to medium-sized fine slag falls onto the conveyor belt 16 and is lifted to the secondary screening device 2. In the drum screen, the small to medium-sized fine slag is separated into intermediate waste and fine slag. The fine slag is directly fed into the tertiary screening device 7 via the first lifting conveyor 3, while the intermediate waste is fed into the crushing device 5 via the multi-functional conveyor belt 4 for crushing. The crushed fine slag is then returned to the tertiary screening device 7 via the second lifting conveyor 6 for final screening. This process achieves preliminary classification, targeted crushing, and cyclic screening of solid waste, ensuring that the material is sufficiently refined.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] Based on Example 1, this example further optimizes the structure and function of the device to improve sorting accuracy, environmental friendliness, and integration.

[0065] The multi-functional conveyor belt 4 is located below the third-stage discharge port 22 and between the crushing device 5. A magnetic separator 41 (such as a permanent magnet magnetic separator 41 or an electromagnetic magnetic separator 41) is suspended above the surface of the conveyor belt to adsorb and remove iron-containing substances such as scrap steel bars and iron nails mixed in the intermediate waste, thereby protecting the crushing device 5 and improving the purity of the recycled aggregate.

[0066] The crushing device 5 adopts a small jaw crusher or a small cone crusher to meet the crushing requirements of different rock types (such as granite and concrete blocks) in railway waste, and to ensure crushing efficiency and uniform product particle size.

[0067] Both the second lifting conveyor 6 and the first lifting conveyor 3 are equipped with downward-extending dustproof barriers (made of flexible canvas or rubber) at their discharge ends to effectively suppress the emission of dust generated during screening and crushing, which meets the environmental protection requirements of railway construction.

[0068] The three-stage screening device 7 includes a double-layer vibrating screen plate (the upper screen plate has a larger aperture, and the lower screen plate has a smaller aperture), which can accurately screen fine slag into three categories: medium aggregate, fine aggregate, and fine soil. These three types of materials are discharged from the first discharge plate 71, the second discharge plate 72, and the third discharge plate 73 installed on the three-stage screening device 7, respectively, which facilitates subsequent resource utilization.

[0069] When necessary or when conditions permit, a manual screening station is provided on one side of the multifunctional conveyor belt 4. The station is equipped with safety railings and an operating platform, which facilitates workers to manually remove irregularly shaped debris (such as non-ferrous metals, plastics, etc.) from the multifunctional conveyor belt 4 in real time, thereby further improving the sorting quality.

[0070] In this embodiment, the entire device is arranged in a compact manner: the primary vibrating screen 1 is horizontally installed at the front end of the device; the secondary screening device 2 is vertically arranged along one side; the first lifting conveyor 3 is horizontally arranged below the secondary screening device 2; and the second lifting conveyor 6 is vertically arranged in a meandering manner, connecting the crushing device 5 and the first lifting conveyor 3 respectively; the tertiary screening device 7 is vertically installed on the other side. The various devices are connected by conveyors, forming a sequentially connected, meandering, compact layout, reducing the floor space required and making it suitable for narrow construction sites.

[0071] This embodiment achieves efficient and environmentally friendly solid waste pretreatment through iron removal, dust prevention, manual screening, and compact layout, which is particularly suitable for the mobility of railway construction and the requirements of green construction.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] Based on Example 2, this example integrates the entire tunnel spoil and solid waste pretreatment crushing and sorting device into a single carriage 8 (such as a standard container carriage 8 or a customized trailer) to enhance mobility and deployment flexibility.

[0074] The carriage 8 is a closed structure, with all the compactly arranged device components as shown in Example 2 fixedly installed inside. The primary feed inlet 11 is exposed on the top surface of the carriage 8, facilitating direct receipt of external waste and solid waste (loaded by an excavator). The primary discharge outlet 12 (directly discharges large pieces of material, many of which are large, stable rocks that can be directly used for roadbed filling, slope construction, or site leveling), the first discharge plate 71 (corresponding to medium-grade aggregate), the second discharge plate 72 (corresponding to fine aggregate), and the third discharge plate (corresponding to fine-grained soil) extend outward from the side windows on the same side of the carriage 8. Adjustable discharge guides are provided at the windows to facilitate the direct discharge of classified materials into transport vehicles or temporary storage yards. Some large concrete or rock pieces with suitable composition can be transported to a fixed, larger-capacity crushing plant for specialized processing to produce high-quality recycled coarse aggregate.

[0075] The bottom of the carriage 8 is equipped with a wheel system and suspension system, and can be equipped with a tractor or self-propelled drive unit as needed to achieve rapid relocation. The interior of carriage 8 also integrates a control system and power unit (such as a diesel generator or external power interface) to ensure independent operation of the equipment in remote mountainous areas.

[0076] The device in this embodiment can be directly transported to the tunnel entrance or temporary work area along the line, and moved with the progress of railway excavation to achieve "on-site treatment and on-site reuse", which greatly reduces the cost of solid waste transportation and safety hazards, while meeting the mobility and space constraints of railway construction.

[0077] The above-described specific examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains can make various simple deductions, modifications, or substitutions based on the concept of this invention.

Claims

1. A crushing and sorting device for pretreatment of tunnel spoil and solid waste, characterized in that... include: The primary vibrating screen device (1) includes a primary feed inlet (11), a primary discharge outlet (12), and a secondary discharge outlet (13); it is used to screen waste residue and solid waste to separate large pieces and small and fine slag. Large pieces can be discharged directly from the primary discharge outlet (12), and small and fine slag is discharged from the secondary discharge outlet (13). The secondary screening device (2) includes a secondary feed inlet (21), a tertiary discharge outlet (22), and a quaternary discharge outlet (23). The secondary feed inlet (21) is connected below the secondary discharge outlet (13) and is used for secondary screening of medium and fine slag. The medium slag is discharged from the tertiary discharge outlet (22), and the fine slag is discharged from the quaternary discharge outlet (23). The first lifting conveyor (3) is located below the fourth-stage discharge port (23) and is used to transport fine slag to the third-stage screening device (7); A multi-functional conveyor belt (4) is connected between the third-stage discharge port (22) and the crushing device (5) to transport intermediate waste to the feed port of the crushing device (5); Crushing device (5) is used to crush intermediate waste slag to obtain fine slag; The second lifting conveyor (6) is connected to the discharge end of the crushing device (5), and the other end is connected to the first lifting conveyor (3) or the three-stage screening device (7); The three-stage screening device (7) is used to further screen the fine residue into fine residues of different fineness and discharge them.

2. The tunnel spoil and solid waste pretreatment crushing and sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary vibrating screen device (1) is arranged obliquely, including a coarse screen plate (14). The end of the coarse screen plate (14) is the lower end, and an extended discharge plate (15) is provided at the end. The conveying belt (16) is located below the coarse screen plate (14). The discharge end of the conveying belt (16) is the higher end, and it is connected to the feed end of the secondary screening device (2).

3. The tunnel spoil and solid waste pretreatment crushing and sorting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The secondary screening device (2) is a drum screen. A receiving tray (24) is installed at the inlet end of the drum screen. The receiving tray (24) is installed obliquely and located below the discharge end of the conveying belt (16). The drum screen is arranged obliquely towards the discharge end.

4. The tunnel spoil and solid waste pretreatment crushing and sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multifunctional conveyor belt (4) is equipped with an iron remover (41) suspended above the surface of the conveyor belt, which is used to adsorb and remove iron-containing substances mixed in the intermediate waste slag.

5. The tunnel spoil and solid waste pretreatment crushing and sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing device (5) is a small jaw crusher or a small cone crusher.

6. The tunnel spoil and solid waste pretreatment crushing and sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge ends of the second lifting conveyor (6) and the first lifting conveyor (3) are equipped with dustproof barriers that extend downwards and wrap around the material.

7. The tunnel spoil and solid waste pretreatment crushing and sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-stage screening device (7) includes a double-layer vibrating screen plate, which can screen fine slag into medium aggregate, fine aggregate and fine soil; and discharge (73) from the first discharge plate (71), the second discharge plate (72) and the third discharge plate installed on the three-stage screening device (7), respectively.

8. The tunnel spoil and solid waste pretreatment crushing and sorting device according to claim 7, characterized in that, One side of the multi-functional conveyor belt (4) can be equipped with a manual screening station.

9. The tunnel spoil and solid waste pretreatment crushing and sorting device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The tunnel spoil and solid waste pretreatment crushing and sorting device is arranged in a compact manner. The primary vibrating screen device (1) is installed horizontally at the front end of the device, the secondary screening device (2) is arranged vertically along one side, the first lifting conveyor (3) is arranged horizontally below the secondary screening device (2), and the second lifting conveyor (6) is arranged vertically in a roundabout manner, connecting the crushing device (5) and the first lifting conveyor (3) respectively; the tertiary screening device (7) is installed vertically on the other side, so that the devices form a roundabout compact layout that is connected in sequence.

10. The tunnel spoil and solid waste pretreatment crushing and sorting device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The tunnel waste and solid waste pretreatment crushing and sorting device is integrated and installed in a carriage (8). The primary feed inlet (11) is exposed on the top surface of the carriage (8). The primary discharge outlet (12), the first discharge plate (71), the second discharge plate (72), and the third discharge plate extend outward from the side window on the same side of the carriage (8).

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