A mobile bulky item crushing vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment discloses a mobile large piece crushing vehicle and belongs to the technical field of energy saving and environmental protection. The mobile large piece crushing vehicle comprises a crushing device with a material output end, a loading plate positioned and fixed on a mobile carrier through a positioning assembly, a box body hinged to the loading plate, a linkage mechanism arranged between the box body and the loading plate, a front side wall of the box body provided with a material guide pipe, and a rear side wall hinged with an end cover; a grabbing mechanism is assembled on the mobile carrier; the grabbing mechanism has a multi-degree-of-freedom gripper, and the gripper is scheduled in any direction between the crushing device and the loading box body; during crushing, the box body is close to the loading plate, the material guide pipe is connected to the material output end, and the end cover is in a closed state; during unloading, the box body is inclined to the rear end by a predetermined angle, and the end cover is in an open state. The mobile large piece crushing vehicle has integrated functions of grabbing, crushing, collecting and unloading, and the intermediate link of material transfer is omitted, the operation cycle is greatly shortened, and the large piece material processing efficiency is significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection, and in particular relates to a mobile large-item crushing vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In fields such as building demolition, mining, and solid waste treatment, the handling of large materials (such as concrete blocks, waste components, and ores) is a core step. These materials must first be transferred, then crushed, and finally reduced in volume or recycled. Currently, the industry generally adopts a transfer and crushing separation operation mode for handling such materials, or simply a combination of mobile carriers and single equipment, which is difficult to meet the needs of efficient and integrated operations.

[0003] Some solutions attempt to combine crushing equipment with mobile carriers, but lack systematic integrated design and still have obvious defects: the crushing equipment and the material loading and unloading structure lack reliable positioning and linkage mechanisms, the material is easy to spill from the connection point during crushing, and external equipment is required for unloading, making it impossible to achieve integrated operation of grabbing, crushing, collecting and unloading. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the technical problems existing in the background art, this utility model provides a mobile large-item crushing vehicle.

[0005] This utility model is achieved using the following technical solution: a mobile large-item crushing vehicle, comprising: A crushing device is fixed at a designated position on a mobile carrier; the crushing device has a material output end; The loading plate is positioned and fixed on the mobile carrier by a positioning component; The box body is hinged to the loading plate; a linkage mechanism is also provided between the box body and the loading plate; the front side wall of the box body has a guide pipe and the rear side wall is hinged to an end cap. A gripping mechanism is mounted on the mobile carrier; the gripping mechanism has multi-degree-of-freedom grippers that can be moved in any direction between the crushing device and the loading box. During crushing, the box body is close to the loading plate, the guide pipe is connected to the material output end and the end cover is closed; during unloading, the box body is tilted to the rear end at a predetermined angle and the rear end cover is open.

[0006] In a further embodiment, the crushing device includes: A crushing box is fixed to the mobile carrier; the top of the crushing box is an open structure. A rotating roller is rotatably installed inside the crushing box in the front-to-back direction; The drive assembly is connected to one end of the rotating roller. Spiral blades are mounted on the rotating roller.

[0007] In a further embodiment, the box is a partitioned box, including: a material loading cavity and a crushing loading cavity communicating with it; the crushing loading cavity is connected to the crushing device through a guide pipe.

[0008] In a further embodiment, at least four sets of rollers are mounted on the bottom of the loading plate; the mounting shaft of the rollers has a locking end, which is exposed outside the roller; The positioning components consist of at least two sets, which are fixed on the mobile carrier and the fixing frame is close to the crushing device; the positioning components act on two sets of rollers at the front end of the loading plate to achieve positioning and locking of the rollers.

[0009] In a further embodiment, the end cap has a hinged end and a locking end, the hinged end being located at the top and the locking end being located at the bottom; The locking end is equipped with a locking mechanism, which includes: The first cylinder is hingedly mounted on the housing; A locking hook is rotatably mounted on the housing at its middle position; the connecting end of the locking hook is movably connected to the output end of the first cylinder, and the locking end has a locking groove. It also includes: a locking rod, fixed on the end cap; the locking groove is adapted to the locking rod.

[0010] In a further embodiment, the linkage mechanism includes: a second cylinder and a guide cylinder, which are fixed to the loading plate end to end in the front-rear direction; the side wall of the guide cylinder is provided with a waist-shaped groove; The connecting plate simultaneously and securely connects the second cylinder and the guide cylinder; A guide rod is located inside the guide cylinder; the guide rod is connected to the output end of the second cylinder; The drive board is fixed to the bottom of the housing; The linkage plate has one end connected to the guide rod through the waist-shaped groove, and the other end hinged to the drive plate.

[0011] In a further embodiment, it also includes: The third cylinder is hinged to the outer wall of the crushing device; A hook is installed at the output end of the third cylinder; A connecting ear is installed at the front end of the housing; the hook is fastened to the connecting ear by the action of the third cylinder.

[0012] In a further embodiment, the outer diameter of the rotating roller decreases from the front end to the rear end; The pitch of the helical blade decreases from the front end to the rear end.

[0013] In a further embodiment, the positioning components all include: The mounting frame is vertically installed on the mobile carrier; Two sets of positioning plates are perpendicular to the fixed frame; a clamping space is formed between the two sets of positioning plates, and the clamping space is adapted to the roller; a positioning groove is provided at the end of the positioning plate, and a pushing cylinder is installed on one side of the positioning groove; The positioning rod is installed at the output end of the push cylinder; The locking end has a slot, which is adapted to the positioning rod.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The mobile large-item crushing vehicle disclosed in this utility model integrates the functions of grabbing, crushing, collecting and unloading, eliminating intermediate links in material transfer, greatly shortening the operation cycle and significantly improving the efficiency of handling large-item materials.

[0015] Meanwhile, the loading plate is double-fixed by the positioning components, and the box and crushing device are precisely connected and locked during crushing, with minimal vibration impact, ensuring crushing accuracy and overall equipment stability, and reducing the failure rate.

[0016] The machine precisely adjusts the tilt angle of the box through a linkage mechanism to adapt to different unloading needs; the mobile carrier allows the equipment to flexibly move through narrow and diverse operating scenarios, and the crushing and unloading configuration is more in line with actual operating needs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a side view of the mobile heavy-duty crusher during the crushing process.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a top view of the mobile heavy-duty crusher during the crushing process.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a side view of the mobile heavy-duty crusher unloading material.

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the positioning component.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the linkage mechanism.

[0023] Figures 1 to 6The components are labeled as follows: 1. Truck; 2. Crushing device; 3. Loading plate; 4. Box; 5. Guide pipe; 6. End cover; 7. Gripping mechanism; 8. Roller; 9. Second cylinder; 10. Guide cylinder; 11. Waist-shaped groove; 12. Connecting plate; 13. Drive plate; 14. Linkage plate; 201. Crushing box; 202. Rotating roller; 203. Drive assembly; 204. Spiral blade; 401. Material loading cavity; 402. Crushing loading cavity; 601. First cylinder; 602. Locking hook; 603. Locking rod; 801. Fixing frame; 802. Positioning plate; 803. Positioning groove; 804. Locking end; 805. Slot. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a mobile heavy-duty crushing vehicle. The mobile carrier in this embodiment is a truck 1, which is a transfer vehicle with a transfer function. Based on this, the "front" and "rear" mentioned in the embodiment refer to the cab and rear of the truck 1, respectively.

[0026] A crushing device 2 is fixedly installed on the transfer vehicle. In this embodiment, the crushing device 2 has a material output end. To accommodate the crushing device 2, a loading plate 3 is fixed as needed via a positioning component. A housing 4 is hinged to the loading plate 3. In this embodiment, both the housing 4 and the crushing device 2 are open structures. In other embodiments, a suitable cover can be configured as needed.

[0027] Considering the adaptability of the entire process, a linkage mechanism is also provided between the box 4 and the loading plate 3 in this embodiment. The front side wall of the box 4 has a guide pipe 5 and the rear side wall is hinged with an end cap 6.

[0028] To facilitate the movement of large waste within the container 4 between the crushing vehicles, this embodiment further includes a gripping mechanism 7 mounted on the mobile carrier. The gripping mechanism 7 has multi-degree-of-freedom grippers that can move in any direction between the crushing device 2 and the loading container 4. Referring to the figures, the gripping mechanism 7 in this embodiment also includes a multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm, controlled by cylinder transmission; this can be achieved using existing technology and will not be described in detail.

[0029] Based on the above-mentioned basic structure, a mobile large-item crushing vehicle includes: crushing and unloading modes. Specifically, during crushing, the housing 4 is close to the loading plate 3, the guide pipe 5 is connected to the material output end, and the end cover 6 is in a closed state; during unloading, the housing 4 is tilted to the rear end at a predetermined angle, and the rear end cover 6 is in an open state.

[0030] Meanwhile, the crushing process also includes a scheduling phase, in which large wastes inside the container 4 are grabbed by the grabbing mechanism 7 and scheduled to the crushing device 2 for crushing.

[0031] This addresses the issues of limited inlet space during the feeding of large waste, resulting in operational inconvenience; the tendency of crushed material to accumulate and blockage, affecting the smoothness of discharge; and the difficulty of traditional crushing structures in balancing the adaptation to large waste and the discharge of fine materials.

[0032] like Figure 2 The crushing device 2 shown in this embodiment includes a crushing box 201 fixed to a truck 1, with an open top to facilitate the transfer of large waste into the crushing box 201. A rotating roller 202 is rotatably mounted inside the crushing box 201 in the front-to-back direction. One end of the rotating roller 202 is connected to a drive assembly 203, such as a motor or a pulley drive assembly. Spiral blades 204 are provided on the rotating roller 202.

[0033] The outer diameter of the rotating roller 202 decreases from the front end to the rear end. Combined with the pushing action of the spiral blade 204, it forms a natural gradient guide, which avoids the accumulation and blockage of crushed material in the crushing box 201 and ensures that the material can be smoothly transferred to the subsequent box 4. At the same time, the design of the spiral blade 204 with the pitch decreasing from the front end to the rear end means that the larger pitch at the front end can fully adapt to the initial containment and stable conveying of large waste, while the smaller pitch at the rear end can enhance the crushing effect on the material. This not only meets the processing and adaptation requirements of large waste, but also improves the fullness of material crushing, and takes into account both the smoothness of operation and the crushing quality.

[0034] Considering the operational chaos and secondary contamination issues caused by the mixed storage of uncrushed and crushed materials in the integrated container 4, this embodiment uses a partitioned container 4. It clearly separates the material loading chamber 401 from the connected crushing loading chamber 402, achieving separate storage of uncrushed large materials and crushed finished products. This effectively avoids operational chaos caused by the mixing of the two types of materials and reduces secondary losses caused by friction and collision between crushed and uncrushed materials. In this embodiment, the material loading chamber 401 and the crushing loading chamber 402 are separated by a movable partition, allowing for selection of separation based on needs. For example, during unloading, the partition can be retracted, making the material loading chamber 401 and the crushing loading chamber 402 interconnected.

[0035] The crushing and loading chamber 402 is directly connected to the crushing device 2 through the guide pipe 5, so that the crushed material can quickly enter the crushing and loading chamber 402 through the guide pipe 5 without the need for additional transfer links. This avoids the problem of material spillage during the transfer process and ensures the cleanliness of the crushed material, preventing secondary pollution.

[0036] To facilitate the loading of large waste, this embodiment has at least four sets of rollers 8 installed at the bottom of the loading plate 3; the mounting shaft of the rollers 8 has a locking end 804, which is exposed on the outside of the rollers 8. The rollers 8 enable the container 4 to be transferred in other scenarios or sites.

[0037] The addition of roller 8 has brought instability and safety hazards when the roller is transferred on the truck 1. In order to solve this technical problem, the mounting shaft of roller 8 has a locking end 804, which is exposed on the outside of roller 8.

[0038] Correspondingly, the positioning components consist of at least two sets, fixed on the mobile carrier and with the fixing frame 801 close to the crushing device 2; the positioning components act on the two sets of rollers 8 at the front end of the loading plate 3 to achieve positioning and locking of the rollers 8.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, each positioning component includes: a fixed frame 801 vertically mounted on the mobile carrier, and two sets of positioning plates 802 perpendicular to the fixed frame 801. A clamping space is formed between the two sets of positioning plates 802, and the clamping space is adapted to the roller 8; a positioning groove 803 is provided at the end of the positioning plate 802, and a pushing cylinder is installed on one side of the positioning groove 803.

[0040] It also includes a positioning rod installed at the output end of the push cylinder. The locking end 804 has a slot 805 that is adapted to the positioning rod.

[0041] During crushing operations, the rollers 8 at the bottom of the loading plate 3 move along the moving carrier until they enter the clamping space formed by the two sets of positioning plates 802 of the positioning assembly, achieving initial positioning. Then, a cylinder is pushed to drive the positioning rod to extend and engage in the slot 805 of the locking end 804 of the roller 8, firmly fixing the roller 8 in place. This prevents the loading plate 3 from sliding or shifting during transport by the truck 1. To unlock, the cylinder is pushed to retract the positioning rod, disengaging it from the slot 805 and releasing the roller 8.

[0042] To facilitate waste unloading, this embodiment incorporates a linkage mechanism that drives the container 4 to tilt, achieving efficient unloading. Figure 6 Its specific structure is as follows: it includes a second cylinder 9 and a guide cylinder 10, which are connected end to end in the front-rear direction and fixed on the loading plate 3. The side wall of the guide cylinder 10 is provided with a waist-shaped groove 11, and the second cylinder 9 and the guide cylinder 10 are fixedly connected by a connecting plate 12 to ensure the stability of the overall structure.

[0043] A guide rod is inserted inside the guide cylinder 10. One end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the second cylinder 9 and can move axially along the guide cylinder 10 as the second cylinder 9 extends and retracts.

[0044] The bottom of the housing 4 is fixed with a drive plate 13. The linkage mechanism also includes a linkage plate 14, one end of which passes through the waist-shaped groove 11 of the side wall of the guide cylinder 10 and is connected to the guide rod, while the other end is hinged to the drive plate 13.

[0045] During the unloading operation, the second cylinder 9 is activated and pushes the guide rod to extend forward along the guide cylinder 10. The guide rod drives one end of the linkage plate 14 to move synchronously along the waist-shaped groove 11. Since the other end of the linkage plate 14 is hinged to the drive plate 13 at the bottom of the box 4, under the traction of the linkage plate 14, the box 4 tilts to the rear end with the hinge point with the loading plate 3 as the axis. When it tilts to the predetermined angle, the end cover 6 of the box 4 is opened, and the unloading of the crushed material can be completed quickly.

[0046] After unloading is completed, the second cylinder 9 drives the guide rod to retract, and the linkage plate 14 pulls the drive plate 13 in the opposite direction, so that the box 4 is reset and attached to the loading plate 3, ready for the next crushing operation.

[0047] To ensure the airtightness of the box 4 during crushing operations and prevent material leakage, while also ensuring smooth opening during unloading, the end cover 6 in this embodiment is provided with a hinge end and a locking end 804. The hinge end is located at the top of the end cover 6 and is hinged to the rear side wall of the box 4, while the locking end 804 is located at the bottom of the end cover 6. The locking mechanism enables the end cover 6 to be closed, locked, and unlocked.

[0048] The locking mechanism includes a first cylinder 601, a locking hook 602 and a locking rod 603. The first cylinder 601 is hinged to the outer wall of the housing 4.

[0049] The locking hook 602 is rotatably mounted on the housing 4 via a pivot, forming a lever-type transmission structure. One end is a connecting end, which is movably connected to the output end of the first cylinder 601 via a pin. The other end is a locking end 804, which has a locking groove that matches the locking rod 603. The locking rod 603 is fixedly installed at the corresponding position of the locking end 804 on the end cover 6, and its outer diameter matches the width of the locking groove to ensure a good fit when locking.

[0050] During crushing operations, the end cover 6 is in a closed state. At this time, the first cylinder 601 is in a compressed state, pushing the connecting end of the locking hook 602 to swing upward. Through the lever principle, the locking end 804 of the locking hook 602 is driven to rotate downward, so that the locking groove is firmly engaged with the locking rod 603, and the locking end 804 at the bottom of the end cover 6 is tightly fixed to the box body 4. With the hinge structure at the top, the end cover 6 is fully sealed and locked, effectively preventing material from leaking from the gap between the end cover 6 and the box body 4 due to vibration or airflow during the crushing process.

[0051] When unloading is required, the first cylinder 601 extends, pulling the connecting end of the locking hook 602 downward to swing downward, thereby driving the locking end 804 to rotate upward, so that the locking groove disengages from the locking rod 603. Under the gravity of the inclined box body 4, the end cover 6 automatically opens with the top hinge end as the axis, ensuring that the crushed material is discharged smoothly.

[0052] To further enhance the connection stability between the housing 4 and the crushing device 2 during crushing operations, and to improve the sealing performance of the material guide pipe 5 and the material output end, this embodiment also adds an auxiliary locking structure, specifically including a third cylinder, a hook, and a connecting lug. The third cylinder is mounted on the outer wall of the crushing device 2 via a hinged seat, and its output end is fixedly fitted with a hook. The connecting lug is correspondingly mounted on the outer wall of the front end of the housing 4, and its position matches the hook to ensure precise docking.

Claims

1. A mobile heavy-duty crushing vehicle, characterized in that, include: A crushing device is fixed at a designated position on a mobile carrier; the crushing device has a material output end; The loading plate is positioned and fixed on the mobile carrier by a positioning component; The box body is hinged to the loading plate; a linkage mechanism is also provided between the box body and the loading plate; the front side wall of the box body has a guide pipe and the rear side wall is hinged to an end cap. A gripping mechanism is mounted on the mobile carrier; the gripping mechanism has multi-degree-of-freedom grippers that can be moved in any direction between the crushing device and the loading box. During crushing, the box body is close to the loading plate, the guide pipe is connected to the material output end and the end cover is closed; during unloading, the box body is tilted to the rear end at a predetermined angle and the rear end cover is open.

2. The mobile heavy-duty crushing vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing device includes: A crushing box is fixed to the mobile carrier; the top of the crushing box is an open structure. A rotating roller is rotatably installed inside the crushing box in the front-to-back direction; The drive assembly is connected to one end of the rotating roller. Spiral blades are mounted on the rotating roller.

3. A mobile heavy-duty crushing vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing is a partitioned housing, comprising: a material loading chamber and a crushing loading chamber connected thereto; the crushing loading chamber is connected to the crushing device via a guide pipe.

4. A mobile heavy-duty crushing vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least four sets of rollers are mounted on the bottom of the loading plate; the mounting shaft of the rollers has a locking end, which is exposed on the outside of the roller; The positioning components consist of at least two sets, which are fixed on the mobile carrier and the fixing frame is close to the crushing device; the positioning components act on two sets of rollers at the front end of the loading plate to achieve positioning and locking of the rollers.

5. A mobile heavy-duty crushing vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end cap has a hinged end and a locking end, with the hinged end located at the top and the locking end located at the bottom; The locking end is equipped with a locking mechanism, which includes: The first cylinder is hingedly mounted on the housing; A locking hook is rotatably mounted on the housing at its middle position; the connecting end of the locking hook is movably connected to the output end of the first cylinder, and the locking end has a locking groove. It also includes: a locking rod, fixed on the end cap; the locking groove is adapted to the locking rod.

6. A mobile heavy-duty crushing vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linkage mechanism includes a second cylinder and a guide cylinder, which are fixed to the loading plate end to end in the front-to-back direction; the side wall of the guide cylinder is provided with a waist-shaped groove. The connecting plate simultaneously and securely connects the second cylinder and the guide cylinder; A guide rod is located inside the guide cylinder; the guide rod is connected to the output end of the second cylinder; The drive board is fixed to the bottom of the housing; The linkage plate has one end connected to the guide rod through the waist-shaped groove, and the other end hinged to the drive plate.

7. A mobile heavy-duty crushing vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The third cylinder is hinged to the outer wall of the crushing device; A hook is installed at the output end of the third cylinder; Connecting ears are installed at the front end of the housing; The hook is engaged with the connecting ear by the action of the third cylinder.

8. A mobile heavy-duty crushing vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the rotating roller decreases from the front end to the rear end. The pitch of the helical blade decreases from the front end to the rear end.

9. A mobile heavy-duty crushing vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The positioning components all include: The mounting frame is vertically installed on the mobile carrier; Two sets of positioning plates are perpendicular to the fixed frame; a clamping space is formed between the two sets of positioning plates, and the clamping space is adapted to the roller; a positioning groove is provided at the end of the positioning plate, and a pushing cylinder is installed on one side of the positioning groove; The positioning rod is installed at the output end of the push cylinder; The locking end has a slot, which is adapted to the positioning rod.

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