Portable crushing and recycling environmental protection equipment and system for consumer waste lithium ion battery

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of portable broken recycling environmental protection equipment of consumer waste lithium ion battery, including body, one-way door, entrance, crushing assembly, crushed material storage container, access hole, waste gas exhaust, passive filtering assembly, inert gas air inlet and control assembly;The equipment utilizes one-way door to divide the inner storehouse of body into input storehouse and operation storehouse, through input storehouse and places into waste battery, utilizes the conduction characteristic of one-way door and sends battery into crushing assembly to carry out crushing, through inert gas and is realized in operation storehouse micro-positive pressure inert gas environment, without setting too complex explosion-proof anti-explosion facility, simplify equipment structure;Through crushed material storage container loading battery crushed material, can quickly replace recycling, simplify operation process;Waste gas is treated after passive filtering assembly, can guarantee the environmental protection of equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of environmental protection equipment technology, specifically to a portable environmental protection equipment and system for crushing and recycling consumer waste lithium-ion batteries. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the consumer electronics market, the amount of waste lithium-ion batteries generated has increased dramatically. These batteries contain harmful substances such as heavy metals and electrolytes, and improper handling can easily cause environmental pollution and safety accidents. Traditional battery recycling equipment is bulky and fixed in place, making it difficult to adapt to the dispersed nature of consumer battery generation sources and hindering on-site recycling in communities, shopping malls, and other similar settings.

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical issues, there is an urgent need to develop a waste lithium-ion battery crushing and recycling equipment that is structurally simple and combines safety and environmental friendliness. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a portable environmentally friendly crushing and recycling device for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries. It obtains inert gas from a central gas distribution device through a distributed structure and constructs an inert gas protection environment, thereby fundamentally avoiding the combustion and explosion problems of batteries during the crushing process. As a result, there is no need to set up overly complicated explosion-proof and blast-proof facilities, simplifying the equipment structure and providing good safety and environmental protection.

[0005] Accordingly, this utility model also provides a portable environmental protection device for crushing and recycling consumer waste lithium-ion batteries, including: The fuselage has a hollow inner compartment; A one-way door is located in the inner compartment and divides the inner compartment into an input compartment and a work compartment. The opening direction is from the input compartment to the work compartment. An inlet is provided on the machine body and communicates with the inlet chamber; The crushing assembly is located inside the working chamber and below the one-way door; A crushed material storage container is detachably installed inside the working chamber and located below the crushing assembly; An inspection port is provided on the machine body and communicates with the working chamber, and its location corresponds to the scrap storage container; An exhaust port is provided on the machine body and communicates with the working chamber; A passive filtration assembly is disposed on the communication path between the exhaust port and the working chamber; An inert gas inlet is provided on the machine body and communicates with the working chamber; The control component is signal-connected to the crushing component.

[0006] In an optional implementation, the one-way door is an electric one-way door; The control component is connected to the one-way door signal; The power supply component is electrically connected to the one-way door.

[0007] An optional implementation may also include a grating sensing component; The grating sensing component is located inside the feeding chamber and is disposed on one side of the feeding port, with the sensing direction facing the feeding port; The control component is signal-connected to the grating sensing component.

[0008] Optional implementations also include: A feed chute is disposed between the crushed material storage container and the crushing component.

[0009] Optional implementations also include: A crushing bottom screen is disposed below the crushing assembly, and the crushing bottom screen has screen holes of a preset size.

[0010] Optional implementations also include: An exhaust gas fan is installed at the exhaust gas outlet. The control component is signal-connected to the exhaust gas fan.

[0011] Optional implementations also include: A material level detection component is installed in the working chamber to detect the loading level of the crushed material storage container; The control component is signal-connected to the material level detection component.

[0012] Optional implementations also include: Temperature detection components are used to detect the temperature of a preset area within the work chamber; The control component is signal-connected to the temperature detection component.

[0013] Optional implementations also include: Indicator lights are located on the surface of the machine body; The control component is connected to the indicator light signal.

[0014] Accordingly, this utility model also provides a portable crushing and recycling environmental protection system for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries, including a central gas distribution device and the portable crushing and recycling environmental protection device for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries. The central gas distribution equipment has one or more inert gas outlets; The inert gas inlet of the portable crushing and recycling environmental protection equipment for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries is connected to the inert gas outlet.

[0015] In summary, this utility model provides a portable environmental protection equipment and system for crushing and recycling consumer waste lithium-ion batteries. The equipment obtains inert gas from a central gas distribution device through a distributed structure and constructs an inert gas protection environment, fundamentally preventing the combustion and explosion of batteries during the crushing process. The passive filtration and positive pressure sealing system achieve deep purification of waste gas and prevent waste gas leakage. The fusion of multiple sensors such as grating sensing, material level and temperature monitoring supports fully automated unmanned operation and has good maintenance convenience and scalability. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of a portable crushing and recycling environmental protection device for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the AA cross-sectional structure of a portable crushing and recycling environmental protection device for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a BB cross-sectional structural diagram of a portable crushing and recycling environmental protection device for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries, according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of region C of the portable crushing and recycling environmental protection equipment for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries, according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of region D of the portable crushing and recycling environmental protection equipment for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries, according to an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of a portable crushing and recycling environmental protection device for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries according to an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the AA cross-sectional structure of a portable crushing and recycling environmental protection device for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries according to an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 3 This is a BB cross-sectional structural diagram of a portable crushing and recycling environmental protection device for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries according to an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of region C of the portable crushing and recycling environmental protection equipment for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries according to an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 5 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of region D of the portable crushing and recycling environmental protection equipment for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries, according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0023] This utility model provides a portable environmental protection device for crushing and recycling consumer waste lithium-ion batteries (hereinafter referred to as the device), including a body 3, a one-way door 5, an inlet 13, a crushing component, a crushed material storage container 9, an inspection port 14, an exhaust port 18, a passive filter component, an inert gas inlet 111, and a control component.

[0024] The body 3 is the main load-bearing structure of the equipment, and has a hollow inner compartment 17 inside. The inner compartment 17 is used to provide installation space and a relatively sealed working environment for various functional components.

[0025] The one-way door 5 is located in the inner chamber 17 and divides the inner chamber 17 into an input chamber 15 and a working chamber 16. The opening direction is from the input chamber 15 to the working chamber 16. The one-way opening characteristic of the one-way door 5 ensures that materials can only enter the working chamber 16 in one direction, preventing splashes, dust or harmful gases generated during the crushing process from escaping in the opposite direction, thus achieving physical isolation and sealing of the working chamber 16.

[0026] The inlet 13 is located on the body 3 and communicates with the inlet chamber 15, forming a material delivery channel for waste lithium-ion batteries.

[0027] The crushing assembly is located inside the working chamber 16 and below the one-way door 5, and is used to mechanically crush the batteries entering the working chamber 16. This assembly can employ a shearing, hammering, or compression crushing mechanism, using high-speed rotation or reciprocating motion to crush the batteries into fragments of a specified size.

[0028] The fragment storage container 9 is detachably installed inside the working chamber 16 and located below the crushing assembly for collecting the crushed battery materials. The fragment storage container 9 can be placed directly at the bottom of the working chamber 16, or it can adopt a drawer-type, slide rail-type, or wheel-type installation structure to facilitate the operator to remove and clean it from the inspection port 14.

[0029] The inspection port 14 is located on the machine body 3 and communicates with the working chamber 16. Its position corresponds to that of the scrap storage container 9, providing an operating channel for the maintenance and replacement of internal components such as the scrap storage container 9. The inspection port 14 is closed by an openable inspection door 4 and can be equipped with a sealing door lock as needed to ensure the airtightness and safety of the working chamber 16.

[0030] The exhaust port 18 is located on the body 3 and communicates with the working chamber 16 to exhaust the exhaust gas in the working chamber 16. Since a passive filter is provided, the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port 18 can be discharged to the subsequent treatment device or directly discharged into the atmosphere.

[0031] The passive filtration component 102 is located on the communication path between the exhaust port 18 and the working chamber 16. The passive filtration component 102 uses physical adsorption, chemical adsorption or mechanical interception to harmlessly filter dust particles and volatile organic compounds in the exhaust gas. Under normal circumstances, this component does not require external energy to drive it and has the characteristics of low energy consumption and maintenance-free operation. Its internal consumables can be replaced as needed.

[0032] The inert gas inlet 111 is located on the body 3 and communicates with the working chamber 16, and is used to inject inert gases such as nitrogen and argon into the working chamber 16. By replacing the oxygen in the working chamber 16, a low-oxygen or oxygen-free environment is created, fundamentally suppressing the risk of combustion and explosion of the battery during the crushing process.

[0033] The control component is connected to the crushing component via a signal to realize functions such as start / stop control, parameter adjustment, and status monitoring of the crushing process. The control component can be a PLC programmable controller or a single-chip microcomputer system, and has functions such as logic judgment, timing control, and data processing.

[0034] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the one-way door 5 is an electric one-way door 5, the control component is signal-connected to the one-way door 5, and the power supply component is electrically connected to the one-way door 5. Specifically, the opening and closing of the one-way door 5 is achieved through an electric drive mechanism, and the control component can precisely control the opening timing and holding time of the door according to preset logic or by relying on sensor signals, thereby improving the automation level and safety interlocking capability of the equipment.

[0035] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the device also includes a grating sensor component. The grating sensor component is located within the feeding chamber 15 and positioned on one side of the feeding port 13, with its sensing direction facing the feeding port 13. The control component is signal-connected to the grating sensor component. This component employs an infrared through-beam or reflective sensing principle to detect material feeding actions in the feeding port 13 area in real time. When battery feeding is detected, it automatically triggers the one-way door 5 to open immediately or with a delay, and can trigger the crushing component 6 to start according to sequential logic, achieving full automation of the feeding and crushing process. In addition, the grating sensor component can also be used to determine whether a person's hand has left the feeding port 13, improving safety during use.

[0036] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the device further includes a guide chute 8, which is disposed between the crushed material storage container 9 and the crushing assembly. The guide chute 8 has a funnel-shaped or inclined structure, guiding the crushed material to fall accurately into the crushed material storage container 9, preventing the material from scattering and accumulating in the working chamber 16.

[0037] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the device further includes a crushing bottom screen 7, which is disposed below the crushing component. The crushing bottom screen 7 has screen holes of a preset size. The size of the screen holes is set according to the requirements of subsequent processing technology to ensure that only materials crushed to a specified particle size can pass through the screen and enter the crushed material storage container 9. Materials that do not meet the standard continue to be crushed under the action of the crushing component to ensure the consistency of crushing quality.

[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the device further includes an exhaust gas fan 103, which is located at the exhaust gas outlet 18. The control component is signal-connected to the exhaust gas fan 103. The fan employs a centrifugal or axial flow structure, generating negative pressure to draw exhaust gas from the working chamber 16. This, combined with the inert gas inlet 111, forms an airflow circulation, maintaining a slight negative pressure within the working chamber 16 and preventing the leakage of harmful gases. A wind direction adjustment plate 101 can be installed on the blowing side of the exhaust gas fan 103 to control the direction of the exhaust airflow.

[0039] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the device also includes a material level detection component 12, which is disposed in the working chamber 16 and used to detect the loading level of the waste material storage container 9. The control component is signal-connected to the material level detection component 12. This component can use ultrasonic, infrared, or capacitive sensors to monitor the material height in the container in real time. When the material level reaches a preset threshold, it sends an alarm signal to the control component, prompting the operator to collect the waste material in a timely manner.

[0040] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the device also includes a temperature detection component 112 for detecting the temperature of a preset area within the working chamber 16. The control component is signal-connected to the temperature detection component. This component uses a thermocouple or an infrared temperature sensor to monitor the temperature of key locations such as the crushing area and the material storage area. When the temperature rises abnormally, the control component immediately stops the machine and cuts off the power supply to prevent thermal runaway accidents.

[0041] It should be noted that, in order to ensure the normal operation of the equipment, a power supply component will also be provided in the actual implementation. The power supply component can be powered by batteries, photovoltaic equipment, mains power, etc. The equipment components that need power obtain power supply based on the power supply component.

[0042] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the device also includes an indicator light 1, which is disposed on the surface of the body 3, and the control component is signal-connected to the indicator light 1. The indicator light 1 uses an LED light source and indicates the device's operating status (normal operation, fault alarm, full material level, maintenance prompt, etc.) through different colors or flashing frequencies, thus visualizing the device's status.

[0043] Based on practical application needs, this utility model embodiment also provides a portable crushing and recycling environmental protection system for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries, including a central gas distribution device and the aforementioned portable crushing and recycling environmental protection device for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries.

[0044] The central gas distribution equipment has one or more inert gas outlets, and the inert gas inlet 111 of the portable waste lithium-ion battery crushing and recycling environmental protection equipment is connected to the inert gas outlet. Specifically, the actual structure of the inert gas outlet is a nozzle structure, and correspondingly, the inert gas inlet 111 of the portable waste lithium-ion battery crushing and recycling environmental protection equipment is a gas pipe structure adapted to the nozzle structure.

[0045] This central gas distribution equipment can centrally prepare and store inert gas, and supply gas to multiple portable crushing devices through a pipeline system. It is suitable for large-scale application scenarios such as battery recycling stations and environmental protection centers, and realizes the optimized allocation and systematic management of gas resources.

[0046] In practical applications, the portable crushing and recycling environmental protection system for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries according to this utility model embodiment involves the operator connecting the main power supply of the equipment and connecting the inert gas inlet 111 and the inert gas outlet, and initiating the initialization program through the control component. At this time, all actuators are powered off by default, the one-way door 5 is in a mechanically locked state, the servo motor brake of the electric one-way door 5 is locked, the crushing blade shaft of the crushing component is stationary, the exhaust fan 103 is in a low-speed running state, and inert gas is input into the working chamber 16, gradually discharging the oxygen in the working chamber 16, so that the working chamber 16 maintains a slightly positive pressure state. In practical applications, the inert gas injection time (start-up time) and inert gas concentration index can be indicated by the indicator light 1.

[0047] When crushing operations are required, the operator inserts the batteries sequentially through the inlet 13. During the insertion process, the grating assembly 2 is continuously triggered. After the grating assembly 2 stops triggering for a period of time, the one-way door 5 is opened, and the batteries fall into the crushing equipment.

[0048] After a preset interval (used to replenish nitrogen), the crushing equipment is started. The battery is crushed by the crushing equipment. The crushed material first passes through the crushing bottom screen 7. Larger pieces cannot completely leave the working range of the crushing equipment and will be further crushed by the crushing equipment. Pieces of qualified size can pass through the screen holes on the crushing bottom plate and fall into the crushed material storage container 9 through the guide chute 8.

[0049] When the material level detection component 12 detects that the loading level of the crushed material storage container 9 exceeds the preset level (e.g., 80%), the control component controls the crushing equipment to stop running.

[0050] If the temperature reading detected by the temperature detection component 112 is too high during the above process, the crushing equipment will stop running to cool down.

[0051] In summary, this utility model provides a portable environmental protection equipment and system for crushing and recycling consumer waste lithium-ion batteries. The equipment obtains inert gas from a central gas distribution device through a distributed structure and constructs an inert gas protection environment, fundamentally preventing the combustion and explosion of batteries during the crushing process. The passive filtration and positive pressure sealing system achieve deep purification of waste gas and prevent waste gas leakage. The fusion of multiple sensors such as grating sensing, material level and temperature monitoring supports fully automated unmanned operation and has good maintenance convenience and scalability.

[0052] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this utility model. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A portable, environmentally friendly crushing and recycling device for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries, characterized in that, include: The fuselage has a hollow inner compartment; A one-way door is located in the inner compartment and divides the inner compartment into an input compartment and a work compartment. The opening direction is from the input compartment to the work compartment. An inlet is provided on the machine body and communicates with the inlet chamber; The crushing assembly is located inside the working chamber and below the one-way door; A crushed material storage container is detachably installed inside the working chamber and located below the crushing assembly; An inspection port is provided on the machine body and communicates with the working chamber, and its location corresponds to the scrap storage container; An exhaust port is provided on the machine body and communicates with the working chamber; A passive filtration assembly is disposed on the communication path between the exhaust port and the working chamber; An inert gas inlet is provided on the machine body and communicates with the working chamber; The control component is signal-connected to the crushing component.

2. The portable crushing and recycling environmental protection equipment for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The one-way door is an electric one-way door; The control component is connected to the one-way door signal; The power supply assembly is electrically connected to the unidirectional gate.

3. The portable crushing and recycling environmental protection equipment for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries as described in claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a grating sensor component; The grating sensing component is located inside the feeding chamber and is disposed on one side of the feeding port, with the sensing direction facing the feeding port; The control component is signal-connected to the grating sensing component.

4. The portable crushing and recycling environmental protection equipment for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A feed chute is disposed between the crushed material storage container and the crushing component.

5. The portable crushing and recycling environmental protection equipment for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A crushing bottom screen is disposed below the crushing component, and the crushing bottom screen has screen holes of a preset size.

6. The portable crushing and recycling environmental protection equipment for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An exhaust gas fan is installed at the exhaust gas outlet. The control component is signal-connected to the exhaust gas fan.

7. The portable crushing and recycling environmental protection equipment for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A material level detection component is installed in the working chamber to detect the loading level of the crushed material storage container; The control component is signal-connected to the material level detection component.

8. The portable crushing and recycling environmental protection equipment for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Temperature detection components are used to detect the temperature of a preset area within the work chamber; The control component is signal-connected to the temperature detection component.

9. The portable crushing and recycling environmental protection equipment for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Also includes: Indicator lights are located on the surface of the machine body; The control component is connected to the indicator light signal.

10. A portable, environmentally friendly system for crushing and recycling consumer waste lithium-ion batteries, characterized in that, Includes a central gas distribution system and a portable crushing and recycling environmental protection device for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; The central gas distribution equipment has one or more inert gas outlets; The inert gas inlet of the portable crushing and recycling environmental protection equipment for consumer waste lithium-ion batteries is connected to the inert gas outlet.

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