Material breaking and conveying system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to material crushing and conveying technical field, specifically disclose a kind of material crushing and conveying system, including material distribution device, crushing device, power conveying device, multistage separating device, dust removal device and finished product collecting device that cooperate in turn, closed conveying loop is formed by sealing pipeline intercommunication between each device;The power conveying device is airflow power source, for driving the material particle after the crushing device crushing flows along sealing pipeline;The multistage separating device includes back material separating unit and finished product separating unit, the back material separating unit is communicated with the crushing device by back material pipeline, and the circulation crushing loop of unqualified material is formed;The finished product separating unit is communicated with the finished product collecting device, the dust removal device is communicated in the airflow end of the finished product separating unit, for purifying dust in conveying airflow.The utility model can have conveying, grading and sorting, dust control function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of material crushing and conveying technology, and specifically to a material crushing and conveying system. Background Technology

[0002] In the large-scale production of granular materials, the conveying of crushed material is a core process connecting the crushing process with subsequent sorting, storage, and deep processing. Its conveying efficiency and cleanliness directly affect the overall production line's capacity and environmental performance. However, research on specialized conveying systems for crushed straw-based granular materials is currently lacking in the industry. There are no mature and adaptable integrated crushing and conveying devices on the market. Existing conveying methods are mostly simple applications of general-purpose material conveying equipment, resulting in numerous technical shortcomings. On the one hand, existing general-purpose conveying equipment does not fully consider the characteristics of crushed straw-like granular materials. The crushed material contains particles of different sizes and a large amount of light dust. When using traditional mechanical conveying (such as screw conveyors and belt conveyors), the friction and collision between the material and the conveying components will generate more dust. Moreover, the open or semi-open conveying structure makes it easy for dust to leak out, which not only wastes materials but also seriously pollutes the production environment and endangers the health of operators.

[0003] On the other hand, traditional conveying methods lack targeted grading and sorting functions. After crushing, qualified particles, unqualified coarse particles and dust are mixed and conveyed together, requiring additional sorting equipment for secondary processing. This leads to a cumbersome production process, increased equipment investment costs, and poor connection between conveying and sorting links, which can easily cause material accumulation and low conveying efficiency, making it difficult to meet the continuous and efficient needs of large-scale production.

[0004] Therefore, developing an integrated crushing and conveying system that can adapt to the characteristics of crushed straw granular materials and has functions such as efficient conveying, grading and sorting, and dust control, to fill the technological gap in the industry and solve the pain points of existing conveying methods such as serious dust pollution, cumbersome processes, and low efficiency, has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in the field of straw resource utilization and granular material processing. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model provides a material crushing and conveying system, which aims to combine conveying, grading and sorting, and dust control functions.

[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a material crushing and conveying system, comprising a material distribution device, a crushing device, a power conveying device, a multi-stage separation device, a dust removal device, and a finished product collection device arranged in sequence, wherein each device is connected to the other through a sealed pipeline to form a closed conveying loop; the power conveying device is an airflow power source used to drive the crushed material particles from the crushing device to flow along the sealed pipeline; the multi-stage separation device includes a return material separation unit and a finished product separation unit, wherein the return material separation unit is connected to the crushing device through a return material pipeline to form a circulating crushing loop for unqualified materials; the finished product separation unit is connected to the finished product collection device, and the dust removal device is connected to the airflow end of the finished product separation unit to purify the dust in the conveying airflow.

[0007] Compared with existing technologies, this solution has the following advantages and beneficial effects: This solution integrates the functions of distribution, crushing, conveying, separation, dust removal, and collection required for the entire material processing process into a single system. It fills the gap in existing technology for the lack of integrated crushing and conveying equipment specifically for straw-type granular materials, avoids the process disruption caused by the separate use of traditional general-purpose equipment, and significantly improves production continuity.

[0008] This solution utilizes a closed-loop conveying system with sealed piping to ensure that the entire process from material distribution and crushing to collection is conducted in a closed environment, completely blocking dust leakage and solving the serious dust pollution problem inherent in traditional open / semi-open conveying methods. The closed loop prevents waste caused by leakage and spillage during transport, significantly improving material utilization and reducing raw material costs, especially for lightweight dusty materials.

[0009] In this solution, the pneumatic power source carries the material through airflow. Compared with traditional mechanical conveying (screw conveyors, belt conveyors, etc.), it avoids direct friction and collision between the material and the conveying components, fundamentally reducing the generation of secondary dust during the conveying process and further enhancing the dust control effect.

[0010] The return material separation unit precisely separates substandard materials with insufficient particle size and returns them to the crushing device for secondary crushing via a return pipeline. This ensures that all collected materials are qualified products, solving the problem of low product purity caused by the lack of grading function in traditional conveying methods and significantly improving processing quality. The finished product separation unit specifically separates qualified materials and directly conveys them to the finished product collection device, completing the rapid collection of qualified materials and avoiding the mixing and accumulation of qualified materials with dust, thus improving the efficiency and purity of finished product collection. The dust removal device is connected to the end of the airflow and deeply purifies the airflow carrying dust, ensuring that the final exhaust gas meets environmental emission standards. This avoids air pollution caused by the direct emission of dust carried by the airflow. Furthermore, the dust removal device can collect fine qualified material particles entrained in the airflow and collect them into the finished product collection device, further reducing material loss, maximizing resource recycling, and lowering production costs.

[0011] Furthermore, the material distribution device is a feeding device, and the discharge end of the feeding device is connected to the feed end of the crushing device, which is used to uniformly feed material to the crushing device.

[0012] Beneficial effects: The feeding device, through its uniform feeding function, ensures that materials continuously and steadily enter the crushing device, avoiding the problems of material accumulation and congestion, and inconsistent feeding that occur with traditional manual feeding or without a distribution device. It prevents excessive material from causing the crushing device to overload and stall, and also avoids insufficient feeding causing the equipment to idle and waste energy, ensuring that the crushing device is always in a highly efficient and stable working state, thereby improving the overall production efficiency of the crushing process.

[0013] Furthermore, the crushing device is a crusher, and the discharge end of the crusher is connected to the input end of the power conveying device through a sealed pipeline.

[0014] Beneficial effects: As a specialized crushing equipment, the crusher can efficiently crush materials. Its discharge end is directly connected to the input end of the power conveying device through a sealed pipeline, eliminating the intermediate buffer link between the traditional crushing and conveying processes. This allows the crushed material to enter the conveying process immediately, avoiding material accumulation and stagnation, greatly shortening the process connection time, ensuring the continuous operation of crushing and conveying, and adapting to the needs of large-scale production.

[0015] Furthermore, the power conveying device is a conveying fan, the air inlet of the conveying fan is connected to the material outlet of the crushing device, and the air outlet of the conveying fan is connected to the material inlet of the multi-stage separation device through a sealed pipeline, which is used to provide negative pressure suction power to carry the material along the pipeline.

[0016] Beneficial effects: As a specialized airflow power source, the conveying fan can generate continuous and stable negative pressure suction power, precisely matching the conveying needs of crushed materials (including particles and dust). The material is directly sucked out from the crushing device through the air inlet, and then the mixture of material and airflow is pressurized and pushed to the multi-stage separation device through its outlet. Even when facing pipeline layouts that span floors, long distances, or vertical upwards, it can overcome the gravity of materials and pipeline resistance, avoid material accumulation and pipeline blockage, ensure the smoothness and continuity of the conveying process, and significantly improve the overall system conveying efficiency.

[0017] The air inlet of the conveyor fan is directly connected to the discharge end of the crushing device, and the air outlet is connected to the multi-stage separation device through a sealed pipeline, forming a sealed power transmission link between the crushing device, the fan, and the multi-stage separation device, completely eliminating any gaps or leaks in the power transmission process. Simultaneously, negative pressure suction creates a sub-atmospheric pressure environment inside the pipeline, preventing external air from penetrating. Materials and dust are firmly confined within the sealed circuit, preventing dust leakage during the conveying process from the power source.

[0018] Furthermore, the return material separation unit is a first cyclone separator, and the finished product separation unit is a second cyclone separator; the feed end of the first cyclone separator is connected to the air outlet of the power conveying device, the bottom outlet of the first cyclone separator is connected to the crushing device through a return material pipeline, and the top outlet of the first cyclone separator is connected to the feed end of the second cyclone separator through a sealed pipeline.

[0019] Beneficial effects: This solution employs a two-stage cyclone separator working in tandem. The first cyclone separator specifically separates unqualified coarse particles, while the second cyclone separator focuses on the fine separation of qualified materials and dust, forming a coarse-fine separation logic. Compared to traditional single-stage separation equipment, two-stage separation can specifically adapt to the separation needs of materials with different particle sizes, avoiding the mixing and interference of qualified materials, unqualified materials, and dust, significantly improving separation accuracy, and ensuring that the final collected finished material has uniform particle size and high purity.

[0020] The first cyclone separator connects to the crushing device via its bottom outlet and return pipeline. The separated material that does not meet particle size standards is directly returned to the crushing device for secondary crushing, forming a closed loop of crushing-sorting-returning-re-crushing. This structure eliminates the need to discard substandard materials or add additional secondary crushing equipment, ensuring that all finished products are qualified, improving processing quality, maximizing the utilization of raw material resources, reducing material waste, and lowering production raw material costs.

[0021] Furthermore, the bottom outlet of the second cyclone separator is connected to the finished product collection device, and the top outlet of the second cyclone separator is connected to the dust removal device through a sealed pipeline.

[0022] Beneficial effects: In this solution, the second cyclone separator serves as the finished product separation unit. It precisely separates qualified material particles using centrifugal force. Its bottom outlet is directly connected to the finished product collection device, allowing qualified materials to be quickly and centrally collected into the finished product storage equipment without intermediate transfer, thus avoiding the mixing and retention of qualified materials with dust. This structure shortens the flow path of the finished product materials, reduces material loss during transmission, and ensures that the collected finished product is free of excess dust, improving the purity of the finished product and collection efficiency.

[0023] The top outlet of the second cyclone separator is connected to a dust removal device via a sealed pipeline, which directs the separated dust into the dust removal device for deep purification, thus avoiding environmental pollution caused by direct dust emission or leakage.

[0024] Furthermore, the crushing device is located below the first cyclone separator, and the return pipeline is inclined.

[0025] Beneficial effects: Since the crushing device is located below the first cyclone separator, a natural height difference is formed. After the unqualified material is discharged through the bottom outlet of the first cyclone separator, it can flow naturally downward along the inclined return pipe under its own gravity, without the need to add additional power equipment such as return pumps and conveying fans.

[0026] The inclined return pipeline provides a continuous flow channel for non-conforming materials. Combined with gravity, the material can slide smoothly along the inclined direction of the pipeline, effectively avoiding the problems of material accumulation, bridging, and blockage that are prone to occur in horizontal pipelines. Especially for coarse particles after crushing, the inclined layout can reduce the friction and retention between the material and the inner wall of the pipeline, ensuring a continuous and smooth return process. Moreover, the inclined return pipeline can adapt to the staggered spatial arrangement between the first cyclone separator and the crushing device.

[0027] Furthermore, the dust removal device is a dust collector, the bottom outlet of the dust collector is connected to the finished product collection device, and the top of the dust collector is provided with a dust removal exhaust port.

[0028] Beneficial effects: As the core equipment for end-of-line purification in the system, the dust collector receives the dust-laden airflow from the second cyclone separator and deeply intercepts and purifies the dust through filtration, sedimentation and other dust removal mechanisms, ensuring that the gas discharged from the top dust collector exhaust port meets environmental emission standards.

[0029] Furthermore, the finished product collection device is a finished product storage device, which is connected to the bottom discharge port of the finished product separation unit and the bottom discharge port of the dust removal device, respectively, for the centralized collection of qualified particulate materials.

[0030] Beneficial effects: The finished product storage device serves as a unified finished product collection carrier, connecting to the bottom outlet of the multi-stage finished product separation unit (second cyclone separator) and the dust removal device. It concentrates the finely sorted qualified particles and the fine qualified materials recovered from dust removal into the same storage device, facilitating the centralized collection of qualified materials and avoiding the cumbersome process of scattered storage and multiple transfers of qualified materials.

[0031] Furthermore, all pipeline interfaces of the closed delivery circuit adopt a sealed structure, which includes a connecting flange and a sealing ring.

[0032] Beneficial effects: The combined sealing design of the connecting flange and sealing ring can tightly fill the gaps of all pipeline interfaces, creating a leak-free closed environment for the closed conveying circuit. Crushed materials (containing a large amount of dust) are always confined within the pipelines and equipment throughout the entire process of conveying, sorting, and recycling, effectively reducing dust leakage during conveying. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the material crushing and conveying system of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an embodiment of a material crushing and conveying system according to the present invention.

[0034] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names: 1. Fabric feeding device; 101. Feed inlet; 2. Crusher; 3. Conveying fan; 4. First cyclone separator; 5. Second cyclone separator; 6. Dust collector; 601. Dust removal exhaust port; 7. Finished product storage; 8. Return pipeline; 9. Discharge pipe; 10. Sealing pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this utility model are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0036] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this embodiment provides a material crushing and conveying system, including a material distribution device, a crushing device, a power conveying device, a multi-stage separation device, a dust removal device, and a finished product collection device arranged in sequence. The devices are connected by a sealed pipeline 10 to form a closed conveying loop. The power conveying device is an airflow power source used to drive the material particles after crushing by the crushing device to flow along the sealed pipeline 10; the multi-stage separation device includes a return material separation unit and a finished product separation unit. The return material separation unit is connected to the crushing device through the return material pipeline 8 to form a circulating crushing loop for unqualified materials; the finished product separation unit is connected to the finished product collection device, and the dust removal device is connected to the airflow end of the finished product separation unit to purify the dust in the conveying airflow.

[0037] In one embodiment, the material distribution device is a feeding device 1, the discharge end of which is connected to the feed end of the crushing device, for uniformly conveying material to the crushing device. In this embodiment, the feed end at the top of the feeding device 1 is connected to a feed inlet 101, through which material is fed into the feeding device 1.

[0038] In this embodiment, the crushing device is a crusher 2. The discharge end of the crusher 2 is connected to the input end of the power conveying device through a sealed pipe 10. In this embodiment, the power conveying device is a conveying fan 3. The air inlet of the conveying fan 3 is connected to the discharge end of the crushing device, and the air outlet of the conveying fan 3 is connected to the feed end of the multi-stage separation device through a sealed pipe 10, which is used to provide negative pressure suction power to carry the material along the pipeline.

[0039] In this embodiment, the sealed pipeline 10 between the discharge end of the crusher 2 and the conveying fan 3 is the discharge pipe 9.

[0040] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the return material separation unit is the first cyclone separator 4, and the finished product separation unit is the second cyclone separator 5. The feed end of the first cyclone separator 4 is connected to the air outlet of the power conveying device through a sealed pipe 10. The bottom outlet of the first cyclone separator 4 is connected to the crushing device through a return material pipe 8. The top outlet of the first cyclone separator 4 is connected to the feed end of the second cyclone separator 5 through a sealed pipe 10.

[0041] In one embodiment, the crushing device is located below the first cyclone separator 4, and the return pipe 8 is inclined. In this embodiment, one end of the return pipe 8 is connected to the discharge port at the bottom of the first cyclone separator 4, and the other end of the return pipe 8 is connected to the feed port 101, thereby indirectly achieving connection with the crusher 2, so as to facilitate the conveying of the unqualified material separated by the first cyclone separator 4 to the crusher 2 for further crushing.

[0042] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the bottom outlet of the second cyclone separator 5 is connected to the finished product collection device, and the top outlet of the second cyclone separator 5 is connected to the dust removal device through the sealed pipe 10.

[0043] In this embodiment, the dust removal device is a dust collector 6. The bottom outlet of the dust collector 6 is connected to the finished product collection device, and the top of the dust collector 6 is provided with a dust removal exhaust port 601.

[0044] In this embodiment, the finished product collection device is a finished product storage device 7, which is a collection container. In this embodiment, the finished product storage device 7 is a box structure. The finished product storage device 7 is connected to the bottom outlet of the finished product separation unit (i.e., the second cyclone separator 5) and the bottom outlet of the dust removal device (dust collector 6) to collect qualified particulate materials. In this embodiment, the bottom outlet of the second cyclone separator 5 and the bottom outlet of the dust collector 6 are connected to the left and right parts of the finished product storage device 7, respectively.

[0045] In one embodiment, all pipeline interfaces of the closed conveying circuit adopt a sealed structure, which includes a connecting flange and a sealing ring. Specifically, in this embodiment, the return pipeline 8 and the air inlet end of the conveying fan 3 are fixed by a connecting flange and bolts. A sealing ring is provided between the connecting flange of the return pipeline 8 and the connecting flange of the air inlet end of the conveying fan 3. The connecting flanges of the two are fixed by bolts, and the sealing ring is tightened to complete the sealed connection between the pipeline interfaces.

[0046] The connection structure between the other pipe interfaces is the same as that between the return pipe 8 and the air inlet of the conveying fan 3, and will not be described again here.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, the entire crushing and conveying system uses crusher 2 to crush materials and conveying fan 3 to provide conveying power. The entire system is sealed, effectively reducing dust generation during conveying. The material (straw pellets) is evenly distributed to crusher 2 by feeding device 1 for crushing. The crushed material in crusher 2 is sucked out by conveying fan 3 and conveyed to the first cyclone separator 4. In the first cyclone separator 4, unqualified material is re-entered into crusher 2 for crushing through the bottom discharge port and return pipe 8, completing the closed loop of return material. The qualified material is conveyed to the second cyclone separator 5 through the top discharge port of the first cyclone separator 4. In this embodiment, the unqualified material in the first cyclone separator 4 is coarse particles that are too large and do not meet the crushing requirements. These particles are large in mass and are thrown towards the inner wall by centrifugal force when rotating in the first cyclone separator 4, and then naturally settle down to the bottom discharge port. The qualified material is fine particles that meet the particle size requirements. These particles are small in mass and are not subjected to centrifugal force in the first cyclone separator 4, so they cannot be thrown towards the inner wall to settle. Instead, they are carried by the airflow to the center of the separator and discharged from the top discharge port into the second cyclone separator 5. The first cyclone separator 4 serves as a preliminary classification, and the second cyclone separator 5 serves as a secondary purification.

[0048] Qualified materials are collected into the finished product storage 7 through the discharge port at the bottom of the second cyclone separator 5, while dust is conveyed to the dust collector 6 for dust removal through the discharge port at the top of the second cyclone separator 5. The remaining finished product materials are collected into the finished product storage 7 through the discharge port at the bottom of the dust collector 6, and the gas is discharged through the dust removal exhaust port 601 at the top of the dust collector 6. In this embodiment, although the qualified fine particles are small in mass, they still have a certain weight. Under the centrifugal force of the second cyclone separator 5, they are thrown towards the inner wall and settle to the bottom discharge port, directly entering the finished product storage 7 for final collection. The dust (the smallest in mass and the finest in particle size) is discharged from the top discharge port of the second cyclone separator 5 with the airflow and enters the dust collector 6 for final dust removal (to avoid dust leakage and meet the design goal of system sealing and dust reduction).

[0049] This utility model's two-stage cyclone separator, when in use, can be adjusted so that the separation force of the first cyclone separator 4 is greater than that of the second cyclone separator 5, thereby achieving the gradual separation of unqualified coarse particles → qualified fine particles → dust, ensuring the purity of the finished product; unqualified particles are returned for re-crushing (improving utilization rate), dust is removed separately (reducing leakage), and the entire process is sealed during transportation.

[0050] It should be noted that the above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A material crushing and conveying system, characterized in that, It includes a material distribution device, a crushing device, a power conveying device, a multi-stage separation device, a dust removal device, and a finished product collection device arranged in sequence. The devices are connected by sealed pipelines to form a closed conveying loop. The power conveying device is an airflow power source used to drive the material particles crushed by the crushing device to flow along the sealed pipeline. The multi-stage separation device includes a return material separation unit and a finished product separation unit. The return material separation unit is connected to the crushing device through a return material pipeline to form a circulating crushing loop for unqualified materials. The finished product separation unit is connected to the finished product collection device, and the dust removal device is connected to the airflow end of the finished product separation unit to purify the dust in the conveying airflow.

2. The material crushing and conveying system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material distribution device is a feeding device, and the discharge end of the feeding device is connected to the feed end of the crushing device, which is used to uniformly feed material to the crushing device.

3. The material crushing and conveying system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing device is a crusher, and the discharge end of the crusher is connected to the input end of the power conveying device through a sealed pipeline.

4. The material crushing and conveying system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power conveying device is a conveying fan. The air inlet of the conveying fan is connected to the discharge end of the crushing device. The air outlet of the conveying fan is connected to the feed end of the multi-stage separation device through a sealed pipeline, which is used to provide negative pressure suction power to carry the material along the pipeline.

5. A material crushing and conveying system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The return material separation unit is a first cyclone separator, and the finished product separation unit is a second cyclone separator; the feed end of the first cyclone separator is connected to the air outlet of the power conveying device, the bottom outlet of the first cyclone separator is connected to the crushing device through a return material pipeline, and the top outlet of the first cyclone separator is connected to the feed end of the second cyclone separator through a sealed pipeline.

6. A material crushing and conveying system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom outlet of the second cyclone separator is connected to the finished product collection device, and the top outlet of the second cyclone separator is connected to the dust removal device through a sealed pipeline.

7. A material crushing and conveying system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The crushing device is located below the first cyclone separator, and the return pipeline is inclined.

8. A material crushing and conveying system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust removal device is a dust collector, the bottom outlet of the dust collector is connected to the finished product collection device, and the top of the dust collector is provided with a dust removal exhaust port.

9. A material crushing and conveying system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The finished product collection device is a finished product storage device, which is connected to the bottom discharge port of the finished product separation unit and the bottom discharge port of the dust removal device, respectively, and is used to collect qualified particulate materials in a centralized manner.

10. A material crushing and conveying system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, All pipeline interfaces of the closed delivery circuit adopt a sealed structure, which includes a connecting flange and a sealing ring.

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