Underground coal gangue grading high-precision intelligent sorting device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522576091.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-04
AI Technical Summary
[0004]本实用新型的目的是为了解决现有技术中存在的分选装置的实用性不佳的缺点，而提出的一种井下煤矸石分级高精度智能分选装置
本实用新型通过第一隔板将传送带分割成多个独立输送通道，并结合振动给料装置和翻动组件，有效防止了石料在输送过程中的堆叠和相互遮挡，转动方向与传送带相反的转动板对石料进行强制翻动和拨散，转动组件利用速度差进一步拉大石料间距，确保了石料以接近单颗粒的状态进入检测区，使得后续的检测装置能够清晰、准确地识别每一块石料的属性，从根本上避免了因遮挡造成的误判，极大提升了分选的精准度。
Smart Images
Figure CN224912953U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal gangue grading technology, and in particular to a high-precision intelligent sorting device for underground coal gangue grading. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of coal mining and processing, coal gangue, as a solid waste generated during the raw coal mining process, requires efficient sorting, which is crucial for improving coal quality, reducing transportation costs, and minimizing environmental pollution. Traditional underground coal gangue sorting methods rely heavily on manual sorting or simple mechanical screening, which suffers from low sorting efficiency, poor accuracy, and high labor intensity. Furthermore, these methods are ill-suited to the complex sorting requirements of mixed stones with varying particle sizes and moisture content under demanding working conditions.
[0003] Currently, with the development of intelligent sorting technology, intelligent sorting devices based on principles such as X-ray detection and image recognition are gradually being applied to the field of coal gangue sorting. However, existing intelligent sorting devices still have the following technical defects: mixed stones are prone to clumping, stacking, or mutual mixing during the conveying process, which makes it impossible for the detection device to accurately identify the properties of individual stones, thus leading to sorting misjudgments, such as gangue being blocked by coal blocks or small stones being embedded in the gaps between large stones, reducing sorting accuracy. At the same time, in traditional single-channel sorting devices, there is a detection gap between when the previous stone leaves the detection area and when the next stone enters, causing the detection device to be in a non-continuous working state, with low time utilization, which limits the overall sorting efficiency and thus results in poor practicality of the device. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing sorting devices in terms of practicality, and to propose a high-precision intelligent sorting device for underground coal gangue grading.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a high-precision intelligent sorting device for underground coal gangue grading, comprising a conveying mechanism, the conveying mechanism comprising an installation housing and a conveyor belt disposed on the top of the installation housing, and a sorting mechanism, wherein a flipping mechanism and multiple sets of partition assemblies are disposed above the conveyor belt, an arc-shaped plate is rotatably connected to the installation housing via a connecting plate, and the arc-shaped plate is located at the output end of the conveyor belt, and driving assemblies are respectively disposed on both sides of the arc-shaped plate, the sorting mechanism is positioned corresponding to the arc-shaped plate, the sorting mechanism comprises two sets of detection devices, a spraying mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of each detection device, a coal gangue collection bin is disposed between the two sets of spraying mechanisms, and waste rock collection bins are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the coal gangue collection bin.
[0006] Preferably, a vibrating feeder is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting housing, the vibrating feeder is located at the input end of the conveyor belt, and a feed hopper is fixedly installed on the top of the vibrating feeder.
[0007] Preferably, multiple sets of the partition assemblies are evenly distributed along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt. Each partition assembly includes multiple first partitions fixedly mounted on the mounting housing by a fixing plate. The multiple first partitions are used to divide the top of the conveyor belt into multiple independent conveying channels. Multiple second partitions are evenly fixedly mounted on the top of the arc-shaped plate. Each of the multiple second partitions corresponds one-to-one with the multiple first partitions of the adjacent partition assembly. Multiple sets of guide assemblies are provided on the fixing plate, and the multiple sets of guide assemblies correspond to the positions of the multiple first partitions. Each guide assembly includes a third motor fixedly mounted on the top of the fixing plate. The output end of the third motor is fixedly connected to a first rotating roller.
[0008] Preferably, the flipping mechanism includes multiple second motors fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting housing. Each second motor has a rotating rod fixedly connected to its output end. The multiple rotating rods correspond one-to-one with multiple sets of separating components. The rotating rods near the input end of the conveyor belt rotate in the opposite direction to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt, while the rotating rods near the output end of the conveyor belt rotate in the same direction as the conveying direction of the conveyor belt. Multiple rotating plates are fixedly installed on the side wall of the rotating rods.
[0009] Preferably, a rotating assembly is provided at the end of the rotating plate away from the rotating rod. The rotating assembly includes a second rotating roller and a third rotating roller rotatably connected to the end of the rotating plate, and the second rotating roller and the third rotating roller rotate in opposite directions.
[0010] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a fixed housing that is fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting housing, a transmission block that is slidably connected to the top of the fixed housing, the top of the transmission block that is rotatably connected to a connecting plate, a first motor that is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fixed housing, a cam that is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, and the cam is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed housing and corresponds to the position of the transmission block.
[0011] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are: This invention divides the conveyor belt into multiple independent conveying channels through a first partition, and combines a vibrating feeder and a turning component to effectively prevent the stones from piling up and obstructing each other during the conveying process. A rotating plate with a rotation direction opposite to that of the conveyor belt forcibly turns and disperses the stones. The rotating component uses the speed difference to further increase the spacing between the stones, ensuring that the stones enter the detection area in a near-single-particle state. This allows the subsequent detection device to clearly and accurately identify the properties of each stone, fundamentally avoiding misjudgments caused by obstruction and greatly improving the accuracy of sorting.
[0012] This invention cleverly uses a cam and arc plate mechanism to launch adjacent stones to different distances, allowing them to enter the working areas of two independent detection devices and spraying mechanisms on the left and right sides. This is equivalent to creating two parallel detection and sorting channels on the same time axis. While one side is processing the current stone, the other side can process the next stone simultaneously, ensuring that the detection system is always in a highly efficient working state. This eliminates the waiting time in a single-channel system and significantly increases the processing capacity per unit time.
[0013] This invention features single-particle processing and a dual-channel design, ensuring sufficient space between the target stone and adjacent stones during the blowing process. When the spraying mechanism operates, it can accurately blow away only the target coal gangue, without causing simultaneous blowing due to stones being tightly packed together. This means that when blowing away the target, it also blows away adjacent waste stones, or fails to blow away the target that is pressed down, further ensuring the purity and recovery rate of the sorting. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high-precision intelligent sorting device for underground coal gangue classification proposed in this utility model. Figure 2 This is a full cross-sectional structural diagram of a high-precision intelligent sorting device for underground coal gangue classification proposed in this utility model. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first rotating roller of a high-precision intelligent sorting device for underground coal gangue classification proposed in this utility model. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating plate of a high-precision intelligent sorting device for underground coal gangue classification proposed in this utility model. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped plate of a high-precision intelligent sorting device for underground coal gangue classification proposed in this utility model.
[0015] In the diagram: 1. Mounting housing; 2. Feeding bin; 3. Vibrating feeder; 4. Conveyor belt; 5. Rotating plate; 6. First partition; 7. Second partition; 8. Arc plate; 9. First motor; 10. Fixed housing; 11. Connecting plate; 12. Detection device; 13. Spraying mechanism; 14. Waste rock collection bin; 15. Coal gangue collection bin; 16. Second motor; 17. Fixed plate; 18. Third motor; 19. First rotating roller; 20. Second rotating roller; 21. Third rotating roller; 22. Rotating rod; 23. Cam; 24. Transmission block. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.
[0017] Reference Figures 1 to 5 A high-precision intelligent sorting device for underground coal gangue grading includes a conveying mechanism and a sorting mechanism. The conveying mechanism includes a mounting housing 1 and a conveyor belt 4 mounted on top of the mounting housing 1. A vibrating feeder 3 is fixedly mounted on top of the mounting housing 1, located at the input end of the conveyor belt 4. A feed hopper 2 is fixedly mounted on top of the vibrating feeder 3. After the raw coal is crushed and screened, a mixture of coal gangue and waste rock is obtained. The mixed rock is poured from the feed hopper 2 into the vibrating feeder 3. Under the vibration of the vibrating feeder 3, the mixed rock is evenly fed onto the conveyor belt 4. The vibrating feeder 3 keeps the rock in a loose state, preventing rock agglomeration from affecting the detection effect during sorting. Multiple sets of baffle assemblies are evenly arranged above the conveyor belt 4 along the conveying direction. The baffle assemblies include... The fixed plate 17 is fixedly installed on the mounting housing 1 with multiple first partitions 6. The multiple first partitions 6 divide the top of the conveyor belt 4 into multiple independent conveying channels, which can divide the mixed stone into multiple independent material streams, avoid different stones from mixing and stacking and blocking each other, so that the subsequent sorting mechanism can accurately detect and sort the stones in each material stream, reducing misjudgment caused by stone overlap. The fixed plate 17 is provided with multiple sets of guide components, which correspond to the positions of the multiple first partitions 6 respectively. The guide components include a third motor 18 fixedly installed on the top of the fixed plate 17. The output end of the third motor 18 is fixedly connected to a first rotating roller 19. The first rotating roller 19 rotates dynamically, which plays a guiding role on the stone at the inlet of the conveying channel formed by the first partitions 6, and can promptly disperse the stones with the tendency to accumulate.
[0018] A turning mechanism is installed above the conveyor belt 4. The turning mechanism includes multiple second motors 16 fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting housing 1. The output end of each second motor 16 is fixedly connected to a rotating rod 22. The multiple rotating rods 22 correspond one-to-one with multiple sets of separating components. Multiple rotating plates 5 are fixedly installed on the side wall of the rotating rods 22. A rotating component is provided at the end of each rotating plate 5 away from the rotating rod 22. The second motors 16 drive the rotating rods 22 to rotate, thereby driving the multiple rotating plates 5 to rotate. The rotation direction of the rotating rods 22 near the input end of the conveyor belt 4 is opposite to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 4. The rotating plates 5 break the static balance of the stone accumulation through the prying effect. By using the rotating plates 5 to turn over the stones, the originally tightly piled stones are relatively displaced, forming a preliminary loose state. The rotation direction of the rotating rod 22 near the output end of the conveyor belt 4 is the same as the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 4. Multiple sets of rotating plates 5 can separate the relatively loose stones separately, ensuring that the stones enter the subsequent detection area in a single-particle state, avoiding affecting the detection effect of the stones and preventing the occurrence of continuous blowing phenomenon, significantly improving the sorting accuracy of single stones. The rotating component includes a second rotating roller 20 and a third rotating roller 21 rotatably connected to the end of the rotating plate 5. The second rotating roller 20 and the third rotating roller 21 rotate in opposite directions. The third rotating roller 21 applies a positive acceleration to the stones in front, causing them to accelerate away from the original accumulation area. The second rotating roller 20 applies a reverse drag force to the stones behind, causing them to decelerate or move in the opposite direction, thereby creating a speed difference in the front and rear directions and increasing the spacing between the stones.
[0019] An arc-shaped plate 8 is rotatably connected to the mounting housing 1 via a connecting plate 11. The arc-shaped plate 8 is located at the output end of the conveyor belt 4. Multiple second partitions 7 are uniformly fixedly installed on the top of the arc-shaped plate 8. The multiple second partitions 7 correspond one-to-one with the multiple first partitions 6 of the adjacent separation components. Drive components are respectively provided on both sides of the arc-shaped plate 8. The drive components include a fixed housing 10 fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting housing 1. A transmission block 24 is slidably connected to the top of the fixed housing 10. The top of the transmission block 24 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 11. A first motor 9 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fixed housing 10. A cam 23 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 9. The cam 23 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed housing 10 and corresponds to the position of the transmission block 24. The sorting mechanism corresponds to the position of the arc-shaped plate 8. The sorting mechanism includes two sets of detection devices 12. A spraying mechanism 13 is fixedly installed at the bottom of each detection device 12. A coal gangue collection bin 15 is provided between the two sets of spraying mechanisms 13. Waste rock collection bins 14 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the coal gangue collection bin 15.
[0020] After the first motor 9 starts, it drives the cam 23 to rotate. When the cam 23 rotates to the point where it does not contact the transmission block 24, the transmission block 24 remains stationary, and the arc plate 8 maintains its initial position synchronously. At this time, the stones ejected by the arc plate 8 will enter the detection area of the left detection device 12. After the detection is completed, qualified coal gangue is blown by the left spray mechanism 13 to the middle coal gangue collection bin 15, while unqualified waste stone falls into the left waste stone collection bin 14 along its natural trajectory. When the cam 23 rotates to the point where the protrusion lifts the transmission block 24, the transmission block 24 drives the arc plate 8 to rotate synchronously around the connection of the mounting housing 1 through the connecting plate 11. The ejection trajectory of the stones changes accordingly and enters the detection area of the right detection device 12. After being identified by the right detection device 12, qualified coal gangue is blown into the coal gangue collection bin 15 by the right spray mechanism 13, while unqualified waste stone falls directly into the right waste stone collection bin 14. The cam 23 drives the arc plate 8 to rotate intermittently, causing adjacent stones to be ejected to different distances (closer distance corresponds to the left detection area, and farther distance corresponds to the right detection area). This is equivalent to opening up two parallel detection channels in the same time dimension. When the left detection area completes the detection of the previous stone, the right detection area receives the next ejected stone. The detection device 12 is always in a highly efficient working state of full load but not overload, avoiding the wasted detection gap in traditional single-channel devices where the previous stone leaves and the next stone has not yet entered, further improving time utilization. Even if the mixed stones are separated by partitions and loosened by vibration during the conveying process, adjacent stones will remain in good condition. Stones may still overlap or collide laterally due to factors such as speed fluctuations and particle size differences, causing the detection device 12 to be unable to accurately identify the properties of individual stones (such as gangue being blocked by coal blocks, or small stones being embedded in the gaps between large stones). By rotating the arc plate 8, the trajectory of the stone ejection is changed, so that adjacent stones form a staggered distribution in space, ensuring that the detection device 12 can accurately judge the properties of each stone. At the same time, by adjusting the speed of the first motor 9, the rotation frequency of the cam 23 can be changed, thereby adjusting the intermittent rotation rhythm of the arc plate 8 to adapt to mixed stones of different particle sizes and moisture content, thus improving the adaptability of the device to different working conditions.
[0021] When this utility model is in operation, the raw coal is crushed and screened, and the resulting coal gangue and waste rock will be mixed together. At this time, the mixed stone material can be poured into the feed hopper 2. Then, under the vibration of the vibrating feeder 3, the mixed stone material will be evenly fed into the conveyor belt 4. Multiple first baffles 6 divide the stone material into multiple independent material streams. With the rhythmic vibration of the vibrating feeder 3, the stone material is kept in a relatively loose state. Multiple first rotating rollers 19 are installed on the fixed plate 17 at the inlet of the first baffle 6. The first rotating rollers 19 are driven to rotate by the third motor 18, which can dynamically guide the stone material and prevent the stone material from accumulating.
[0022] The second motor 16 drives the rotating rod 22 to rotate, thereby driving multiple rotating plates 5 to rotate. The rotation direction of the multiple sets of rotating plates 5 on the left is opposite to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 4. The rotating plates 5 break the static balance of the stone accumulation through the prying effect, and use the rotating plates 5 to turn the stones and form a preliminary loose state. The multiple sets of rotating plates 5 on the right are in the same conveying direction as the conveyor belt 4. The multiple sets of rotating plates 5 can separate the relatively loose stones separately, ensuring that the stones enter the subsequent detection area in a single particle state. This ensures that when the stones fall, they can correspond one-to-one with the detection lens of the detection device 12 and the nozzle of the spraying mechanism 13. The rotation directions of the second rotating roller 20 and the third rotating roller 21 are opposite. The third rotating roller 21 applies a positive acceleration to the stones in front, making them accelerate away from the original accumulation area; the second rotating roller 20 applies a reverse drag force to the stones behind, making them decelerate or move in the opposite direction, thereby forming a speed difference in the front and rear directions and increasing the distance between the stones.
[0023] Subsequently, the stones move one by one to the end of the conveyor belt 4. The stones that have reached the end of the conveyor belt 4 will fly off the arc plate 8. The stones will be detected by the detection device 12 in the air. When the first motor 9 starts, it will drive the cam 23 to rotate. During the rotation of the cam 23, if the transmission block 24 does not move, the arc plate 8 will also remain stationary. At this time, the stones flying off the arc plate 8 will be detected by the detection device 12 on the left. Qualified coal gangue will be blown into the coal gangue collection bin 15 by the spraying mechanism 13 on the left. Qualified waste stones will fall directly into the waste stone collection bin 14 on the left. If the cam 23 drives the transmission block 24 to lift the connecting plate 11, the arc plate 8 will also rotate. At this time, the stones flying off the arc plate 8 will be detected by the detection device 12 on the right. Qualified coal gangue will be blown into the coal gangue collection bin 15 by the spraying mechanism 13 on the right. Qualified waste stones will fall directly into the waste stone collection bin 14 on the right.
[0024] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A high-precision intelligent sorting device for underground coal gangue grading, comprising a conveying mechanism, wherein the conveying mechanism includes a mounting housing (1) and a conveyor belt (4) disposed on the top of the mounting housing (1), characterized in that, It also includes a sorting mechanism. A flipping mechanism and multiple sets of partition assemblies are provided above the conveyor belt (4). An arc plate (8) is rotatably connected to the mounting housing (1) through a connecting plate (11). The arc plate (8) is located at the output end of the conveyor belt (4). A drive assembly is provided on both sides of the arc plate (8). The sorting mechanism is positioned corresponding to the arc plate (8). The sorting mechanism includes two sets of detection devices (12). A spraying mechanism (13) is fixedly installed at the bottom of each detection device (12). A coal gangue storage bin (15) is provided between the two sets of spraying mechanisms (13). Waste rock storage bins (14) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the coal gangue storage bin (15).
2. The high-precision intelligent sorting device for underground coal gangue grading according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vibrating feeder (3) is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting housing (1). The vibrating feeder (3) is located at the input end of the conveyor belt (4). A feed hopper (2) is fixedly installed on the top of the vibrating feeder (3).
3. The high-precision intelligent sorting device for underground coal gangue grading according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple sets of the partition assemblies are evenly distributed along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt (4). The partition assembly includes multiple first partitions (6) fixedly installed on the mounting housing (1) by a fixing plate (17). The multiple first partitions (6) are used to divide the top of the conveyor belt (4) into multiple independent conveying channels. Multiple second partitions (7) are evenly fixedly installed on the top of the arc plate (8). The multiple second partitions (7) correspond one-to-one with the multiple first partitions (6) of the adjacent partition assembly. Multiple sets of guide assemblies are provided on the fixing plate (17), and the multiple sets of guide assemblies correspond to the positions of the multiple first partitions (6). The guide assembly includes a third motor (18) fixedly installed on the top of the fixing plate (17). The output end of the third motor (18) is fixedly connected to a first rotating roller (19).
4. The high-precision intelligent sorting device for underground coal gangue grading according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flipping mechanism includes multiple second motors (16) fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting housing (1). Each second motor (16) has a rotating rod (22) fixedly connected to its output end. The multiple rotating rods (22) correspond one-to-one with multiple sets of separating components. The rotation direction of the rotating rod (22) near the input end of the conveyor belt (4) is opposite to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt (4), and the rotation direction of the rotating rod (22) near the output end of the conveyor belt (4) is the same as the conveying direction of the conveyor belt (4). Multiple rotating plates (5) are fixedly installed on the side wall of the rotating rod (22).
5. The high-precision intelligent sorting device for underground coal gangue grading according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating plate (5) is provided with a rotating assembly at one end away from the rotating rod (22). The rotating assembly includes a second rotating roller (20) and a third rotating roller (21) rotatably connected to the end of the rotating plate (5), and the second rotating roller (20) and the third rotating roller (21) rotate in opposite directions.
6. The high-precision intelligent sorting device for underground coal gangue grading according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a fixed housing (10) fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting housing (1). A transmission block (24) is slidably connected to the top of the fixed housing (10). The top of the transmission block (24) is rotatably connected to the connecting plate (11). A first motor (9) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fixed housing (10). A cam (23) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor (9). The cam (23) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed housing (10) and corresponds to the position of the transmission block (24).