A negative pressure air separation device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of negative pressure winnowing devices, comprising: negative pressure bin, it is equipped with negative pressure chamber, negative pressure chamber lower end is equipped with output, and negative pressure chamber is equipped with fan mouth;Negative pressure bin lower end is equipped with discharging valve to realize the opening and closure of output;Intercepting screen is installed in negative pressure chamber;Air inlet pipe, upper end is connected with air inlet extension pipe, lower end is inserted into negative pressure bin and passes through intercepting screen, air inlet pipe lower end is lower than intercepting screen, and air inlet pipe lower end is equipped with air vent. Negative pressure fan, air inlet end is communicated with the fan mouth of negative pressure chamber, to suck negative pressure chamber to make negative pressure chamber generate negative pressure. The present negative pressure winnowing device is sucked by negative pressure fan to the negative pressure chamber in negative pressure bin, so that negative pressure chamber always maintains negative pressure state, avoid the problem that dust diffuses caused by traditional positive pressure winnowing because cavity pressure is higher than external atmospheric pressure, and intercepting screen is specially set in negative pressure chamber, effectively avoid that negative pressure fan is damaged due to light material, guarantee the long-term stable operation of equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste air separation technology, and in particular, to a negative pressure air separation device. Background Technology

[0002] Mixing lightweight waste with heavy components such as sand, gravel, and bricks will not only reduce the purity and strength of recycled aggregates from construction waste, but also affect the quality of recycled building materials. Therefore, efficient separation of lightweight waste is a crucial preliminary step in the resource recycling process of construction waste, aimed at improving the recycling rate and achieving environmentally friendly treatment.

[0003] During positive pressure air separation, the pressure inside the separation chamber is higher than the external atmospheric pressure. Dust and fine wood chips from construction waste can easily leak from gaps in the equipment's inlet, inspection port, and pipe joints, causing dust to permeate the work site. This not only pollutes the environment but also harms the respiratory system of operators. On the other hand, negative pressure air separation can easily cause lightweight materials to enter the negative pressure pump, damaging it. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a negative pressure air separation device.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A negative pressure air separation device includes: a negative pressure chamber containing a negative pressure cavity, an outlet at the lower end of the negative pressure cavity, and a fan inlet within the negative pressure cavity; a discharge valve installed at the lower end of the negative pressure chamber to open and close the outlet; an intercepting net installed inside the negative pressure cavity; an air inlet pipe with an upper end connected to an air inlet extension pipe, and its lower end inserted into the negative pressure chamber and passing through the intercepting net, the lower end of the air inlet pipe being lower than the intercepting net, and a ventilation opening at the lower end of the air inlet pipe; the fan inlet and the ventilation opening being located above and below the intercepting net, respectively. A negative pressure fan, with its air inlet end connected to the fan inlet of the negative pressure cavity, draws air into the negative pressure cavity to generate negative pressure.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes an air inlet connection pipe head, which is installed on the upper end of the negative pressure chamber. The lower end of the air inlet connection pipe head is connected to the negative pressure chamber, and the upper end is connected to the air inlet end of the negative pressure fan.

[0007] Furthermore, the cross-sectional profile of the lower opening of the air inlet connecting pipe is smaller than the cross-sectional profile of the upper opening.

[0008] Furthermore, the cross-sectional profile of the lower opening of the air inlet connecting pipe is larger than the cross-sectional profile of the ventilation opening.

[0009] Furthermore, the air inlet pipe includes a connecting section and an insertion section. The connecting section extends above the negative pressure chamber and its upper end is connected to the air inlet extension pipe. The insertion section is inserted into the negative pressure chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom of the insertion section is provided with a beveled portion, and the side of the beveled portion facing the fan inlet is lower than the side of the beveled portion facing away from the fan inlet.

[0011] Furthermore, the connecting section includes a variable diameter portion, which is arranged to converge upwards.

[0012] Furthermore, the lower end of the connecting section is provided with a horizontally expanding connecting plate, which is attached to the upper end of the negative pressure chamber and has corresponding holes for connection and fixation by fasteners.

[0013] Furthermore, the negative pressure chamber is provided with hooks arranged in a ring around its periphery, and the intercepting net is hooked to the hooks on its periphery.

[0014] Furthermore, the negative pressure chamber has an inspection port on its peripheral wall, and an openable and closable inspection door is installed at the inspection port.

[0015] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: This negative pressure air separator uses a negative pressure fan to draw air from the negative pressure chamber, maintaining a constant negative pressure. Under this condition, dust, fine wood chips, and other impurities generated during construction waste processing will not leak out from the connections of the device; instead, they will be stably confined within the negative pressure chamber. This avoids the dust dispersion problem caused by the internal pressure being higher than the external atmospheric pressure in traditional positive pressure air separators, protecting the working environment from pollution and eliminating the respiratory hazards of dust to operators. Furthermore, the device features a specially designed interception net within the negative pressure chamber, with the lower end of the air inlet pipe passing through and below the net. Additionally, the fan inlet and ventilation outlet are located above and below the net, respectively. When the construction waste mixture enters the air inlet pipe through the air inlet extension pipe, and then enters the negative pressure chamber through the vent at the lower end of the air inlet pipe, the vent is positioned lower than the intercepting net so that the intercepting net can play its role in interception. It also moves the vent further away from the fan outlet, so that the lightweight materials are less affected by the negative pressure fan and settle more easily. Most of the lightweight materials entering through the vent will settle downwards and eventually be discharged through the outlet at the lower end of the negative pressure chamber. A small amount of lightweight waste moves upwards under the action of negative pressure airflow and will be accurately intercepted by the intercepting net. It cannot continue to rise and enter the negative pressure fan through the fan outlet of the negative pressure chamber. This effectively avoids damage to the negative pressure fan due to the entry of lightweight materials and ensures the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0016] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, this utility model has other objectives, features, and advantages. The present utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the usage state of one embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the decomposed state structure; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the air inlet duct.

[0018] Legend: Negative pressure silo 100, material conveyor belt 101, negative pressure chamber 110, output port 111, fan port 112, hook 113, first connecting pipe 114, second connecting pipe 115, discharge valve 120, interception net 130, inspection door 140; Air inlet pipe 200, air inlet extension pipe 210, suction head 211, vent 220, connecting section 230, diameter reducing part 231, connecting plate 232, insertion section 240, oblique cut part 241; 300 negative pressure fan; Air inlet connection pipe head 400. Detailed Implementation

[0019] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0022] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this utility model is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a negative pressure air separation device, which includes a negative pressure silo 100, an air inlet pipe 200, and a negative pressure fan 300.

[0024] The negative pressure chamber 100 contains a negative pressure cavity 110, with an outlet 111 at its lower end and a fan outlet 112. A discharge valve 120 is installed at the lower end of the negative pressure chamber 100 to open and close the outlet 111. An intercepting net 130 is installed inside the negative pressure cavity 110. An air inlet extension pipe 210 is connected to the upper end of the air inlet pipe 200, which can extend to connect with a suction head 211 at a corresponding position. The air inlet extension pipe 210 can be a flexible hose. Figure 1 As shown, the suction head 211 can be fixed above the material conveyor belt 101 by a mounting bracket, thereby suctioning out lightweight materials mixed in with the passing material. The discharge valve 120 can be a manual valve or an electric valve.

[0025] The lower end of the air inlet pipe 200 is inserted into the negative pressure chamber 100 and passes through the interception net 130. The lower end of the air inlet pipe 200 is lower than the interception net 130. The lower end of the air inlet pipe 200 is provided with a ventilation opening 220. The fan outlet 112 and the ventilation opening 220 are located above and below the interception net 130, respectively.

[0026] The air inlet of the negative pressure fan 300 is connected to the fan port 112 of the negative pressure chamber 110 to draw air from the negative pressure chamber 110 and generate negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber 110.

[0027] This negative pressure air separator uses a negative pressure fan 300 to draw air from the negative pressure chamber 110 within the negative pressure bin 100, maintaining the chamber 110 in a constant negative pressure state. Under this state, dust, fine wood chips, and other impurities generated during construction waste processing will not leak out from the gaps at the connections of the device; instead, they will be stably confined within the negative pressure chamber 110 under the negative pressure. This avoids the dust diffusion problem caused by the internal pressure of the chamber being higher than the external atmospheric pressure, as is common in traditional positive pressure air separators. This protects the working environment from pollution and eliminates the respiratory hazards of dust to operators. In addition, this device has a specially designed intercepting net 130 inside the negative pressure chamber 110, and the lower end of the air inlet pipe 200 passes through the intercepting net 130 and is set below it. Furthermore, the fan outlet 112 and the ventilation opening 220 are located above and below the intercepting net 130, respectively. When the construction waste mixture enters the air inlet pipe 200 through the air inlet extension pipe 210, and then enters the negative pressure chamber 110 through the ventilation opening 220 at the lower end of the air inlet pipe 200, the lowered position of the ventilation opening 220 not only ensures that the intercepting net 130 can effectively intercept the waste, but also makes the ventilation opening 220 more... By moving the material further away from the blower outlet 112, the lightweight material is less affected by the negative pressure blower 300 and settles more easily. Most of the lightweight material entering through the vent 220 will settle downwards and eventually be discharged through the outlet 111 at the lower end of the negative pressure chamber 100 after the discharge valve 120 is opened. A small amount of lightweight waste moves upwards under the action of negative pressure airflow and is precisely intercepted by the interception net 130, preventing it from continuing upwards through the blower outlet 112 of the negative pressure chamber 110 into the negative pressure blower 300. This effectively avoids damage to the negative pressure blower 300 due to the entry of lightweight material and ensures the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0028] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments of this utility model, an air inlet connecting pipe head 400 is also included. The air inlet connecting pipe head 400 is installed on the upper end of the negative pressure chamber 100, the lower end of the air inlet connecting pipe head 400 is connected to the negative pressure chamber 100, and the upper end of the air inlet connecting pipe head 400 is connected to the air inlet end of the negative pressure fan 300. The air inlet connecting pipe head 400 can serve as a transitional connection structure between the negative pressure fan 300 and the negative pressure chamber 100, facilitating connection.

[0029] Reference Figures 3 to 5In a further embodiment of this utility model, the cross-sectional profile of the lower opening of the air inlet connecting pipe head 400 is smaller than that of the upper opening. With the suction air volume of the negative pressure fan 300 remaining constant, when the airflow passes through the air inlet connecting pipe head 400, due to the reduced cross-sectional area, the wind speed at the lower end of the air inlet connecting pipe head 400 will be lower than the wind speed at the upper opening. This can slow down the suction airflow speed in the negative pressure chamber 110 near the fan outlet 112, reducing excessive suction of lightweight materials within the negative pressure chamber 110. This allows most lightweight materials to settle downwards more easily under gravity, reducing the amount of lightweight materials moving upwards with the airflow. It also reduces the amount of lightweight materials adhering to the interceptor net 130, avoiding increased airflow resistance caused by impurity accumulation on the interceptor net 130, extending the cleaning cycle of the interceptor net 130, and ensuring continuous equipment operating efficiency.

[0030] Reference Figures 3 to 5 In a further embodiment of this utility model, the cross-sectional profile of the lower opening of the air inlet connecting pipe 400 is larger than that of the vent 220. It can be understood that in this embodiment, both the cross-sectional profiles of the lower opening of the air inlet connecting pipe 400 and the vent 220 are circular cross-sections. This difference in cross-sectional profile results in a lower wind speed at the lower opening of the air inlet connecting pipe 400 (fan outlet 112) compared to the wind speed at the vent 220. Lightweight materials enter the negative pressure chamber 110 downwards at a relatively faster speed through the vent 220, making it more difficult for them to be affected by the suction airflow from the lower end of the air inlet connecting pipe 400, thus facilitating sedimentation. The lower wind speed at the lower opening of the air inlet connecting pipe 400 reduces the suction of lightweight materials within the negative pressure chamber. This dual synergistic effect effectively reduces the rapid upward suction of the construction waste mixture that has just entered through the vent 220. Understandably, a set of negative pressure silo 100 and negative pressure fan 300 can correspond to multiple air inlet pipes 200, thus enabling the use of one set of equipment to achieve air separation of materials from multiple conveyor belts.

[0031] Understandably, flange rings are provided on the outer periphery of both the upper and lower ends of the air inlet connecting pipe head 400. The upper flange ring is used to connect and fix it to the connecting plate at the air inlet end of the negative pressure fan 300 by fasteners. A second connecting pipe head 115 is provided at the upper end of the negative pressure chamber 100 corresponding to the fan port 112. The upper end of the second connecting pipe head 115 is also provided with a flange ring. The flange ring of the second connecting pipe head and the flange ring at the lower end of the air inlet connecting pipe head 400 have corresponding holes for connection and fixation by fasteners.

[0032] Reference Figures 4 to 6In a further embodiment of this utility model, the air inlet pipe 200 includes a connecting section 230 and an insertion section 240. The connecting section 230 extends above the negative pressure chamber 110 and its upper end communicates with the air inlet extension pipe 210. The insertion section 240 is inserted into the negative pressure chamber 110. The connecting section 230 extending above the negative pressure chamber 110 facilitates its installation and connection with the air inlet extension pipe 210. The insertion section 240 being inserted into the negative pressure chamber 110 causes the vent 220 to be set lower, so that the position of the vent 220 is lower than the intercepting net 130 and away from the fan outlet 112.

[0033] Reference Figures 4 to 6 In a further embodiment of this utility model, the bottom of the insertion section 240 is provided with a beveled portion 241, and the side of the beveled portion 241 facing the fan outlet 112 is lower than the side of the beveled portion 241 facing away from the fan outlet 112. Providing the beveled portion 241 at the bottom of the insertion section 240 can change the material output direction of the vent 220. When lightweight waste is discharged from the vent 220, it will be shielded and guided by the beveled portion 241, reducing the influence of the suction airflow at the fan outlet 112 on the material. This causes the lightweight material to need to take a longer path to flow towards the vent 220. Furthermore, the beveled portion 241 also causes most of the material to diffuse away from the fan outlet 112, further reducing the influence of the suction airflow at the fan outlet 112 on the material. This allows the lightweight material to settle quickly, reducing the probability of the lightweight material being directly sucked by the negative pressure airflow at the fan outlet 112, and further reducing the amount of lightweight material moving upwards and adhering to the interception net 130.

[0034] Reference Figures 4 to 6 In a further embodiment of this utility model, the connecting section 230 includes a variable diameter section 231, which is arranged to converge upwards. This results in the flow velocity at the upper end of the variable diameter section 231 being greater than the velocity at the lower end, leading to a higher velocity in the air inlet extension pipe 210 and better suction and air separation effect for multiple materials. Conversely, the lower velocity at the lower end slows down the flow velocity in the negative pressure chamber 110, making it easier for lightweight materials to settle.

[0035] Reference Figures 4 to 6 In a further embodiment of this utility model, the lower end of the connecting section 230 is provided with a horizontally expanding connecting plate 232. The connecting plate 232 is attached to the upper end of the negative pressure chamber 100 and has corresponding holes for connection and fixation by fasteners. The close connection of the connecting plate 232 can significantly increase the contact area between the air inlet pipe 200 and the negative pressure chamber 100. Combined with the fasteners, this ensures the sealing of the connection, preventing the negative pressure airflow in the negative pressure chamber 110 from leaking through the connection gap between the air inlet pipe 200 and the negative pressure chamber 100. At the same time, the connecting plate 232 also provides sufficient space for hole settings and fastener installation. Figure 5As shown, the upper end of the negative pressure chamber 100 is provided with a first pair of pipe heads 114. The upper end of the first pair of pipe heads 114 is attached to the connecting plate 232 and is provided with corresponding holes for connection and fixation by fasteners. This allows the fasteners to be installed outside the negative pressure chamber 100, making installation convenient.

[0036] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In a further embodiment of this utility model, the negative pressure chamber 110 is provided with hooks 113 arranged in a circular pattern on its peripheral wall, and the interception net 130 is hooked onto the hooks 113 on its periphery. Hooking the interception net 130 onto the hooks 113 on its periphery replaces the traditional fixed installation method, allowing the interception net 130 to be installed and removed without disassembling other components. When the interception net 130 becomes damaged or accumulates impurities due to long-term use, operators can directly remove the interception net 130 from the hooks 113 for cleaning or replacement, significantly reducing the maintenance difficulty and time cost of the interception net 130, minimizing downtime caused by equipment maintenance, and improving production continuity.

[0037] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In a further embodiment of this utility model, the negative pressure chamber 100 is provided with an inspection port on its peripheral wall, and an openable and closable inspection door 140 is installed at the inspection port. When internal components of the negative pressure chamber 110, such as the interceptor net 130, malfunction or need cleaning, operators do not need to disassemble the entire negative pressure chamber 100; they can simply open the inspection door 140 to enter the negative pressure chamber 110 through the inspection port for operation. The openable and closable design of the inspection door 140 ensures the sealing of the negative pressure chamber 110 during normal operation and provides a convenient passage for daily equipment inspection and component maintenance, reducing the complexity and workload of equipment maintenance. It is understood that the interceptor net 130 can be made of soft rope, thus facilitating entry and exit through the inspection port.

[0038] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A negative pressure air separation device, characterized in that, include: A negative pressure silo (100) is provided with a negative pressure chamber (110) inside. The lower end of the negative pressure chamber (110) is provided with an outlet (111) and a fan outlet (112). A discharge valve (120) is installed at the lower end of the negative pressure silo (100) to realize the opening and closing of the outlet (111). An interception net (130) is installed inside the negative pressure chamber (110). An air inlet pipe (200) is connected to an air inlet extension pipe (210) at its upper end and inserted into a negative pressure chamber (100) at its lower end, passing through a net (130). The lower end of the air inlet pipe (200) is lower than the net (130), and a vent (220) is provided at the lower end of the air inlet pipe (200). The fan inlet (112) and the vent (220) are located above and below the net (130), respectively. The negative pressure fan (300) has its air inlet end connected to the fan port (112) of the negative pressure chamber (110) to draw air into the negative pressure chamber (110) and generate negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber (110).

2. The negative pressure air separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an air inlet connection pipe head (400), which is installed on the upper end of the negative pressure chamber (100). The lower end of the air inlet connection pipe head (400) is connected to the negative pressure chamber (100), and the upper end is connected to the air inlet end of the negative pressure fan (300).

3. The negative pressure air separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-sectional profile of the lower opening of the air inlet connecting pipe (400) is smaller than that of the upper opening.

4. The negative pressure air separation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cross-sectional profile of the lower opening of the air inlet connecting pipe head (400) is larger than that of the cross-sectional profile of the vent (220).

5. The negative pressure air separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet pipe (200) includes a connecting section (230) and an insertion section (240). The connecting section (230) extends above the negative pressure chamber (110) and its upper end is connected to the air inlet extension pipe (210). The insertion section (240) is inserted into the negative pressure chamber (110).

6. The negative pressure air separation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the insertion section (240) is provided with a beveled portion (241), and the side of the beveled portion (241) facing the fan outlet (112) is lower than the side of the beveled portion (241) facing away from the fan outlet (112).

7. The negative pressure air separation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The connecting section (230) includes a variable diameter section (231), which is arranged to be converging upwards.

8. The negative pressure air separation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lower end of the connecting section (230) is provided with a horizontally expanding connecting plate (232), which is attached to the upper end of the negative pressure chamber (100) and has corresponding holes for connection and fixation by fasteners.

9. The negative pressure air separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative pressure chamber (110) has hooks (113) arranged around its periphery, and the intercepting net (130) is hooked to the hooks (113) around its periphery.

10. The negative pressure air separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative pressure chamber (100) has an inspection port on its peripheral wall, and an openable and closable inspection door (140) is installed at the inspection port.

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