A dust removal device for biomass fuel processing

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dust collector for biomass fuel processing, including dust removal box, exhaust fan, dust filter core and baffle. The innovation point lies in, for the safety of promotion handling flammable dust, the device sets up magnetic filter on the air inlet pipe to remove metal impurities, and welds ground connection terminal on dust removal box body to guide to remove static electricity, and double measures restrain ignition source from source. At the same time, through baffle, the box body is divided into upper and lower chambers, and the rear end of each chamber is provided with an explosion venting sheet, forming a partitioned explosion venting system. The rear of the explosion venting sheet is provided with a buffer unloading structure composed of a protective baffle, a connecting arm, and a buffer structure containing a helical spring and a hydraulic damper. The utility model can effectively prevent metal impact sparks and electrostatic discharge, and when a dust explosion occurs, it can quickly release pressure and buffer the explosion impact, reducing the explosion hazard and improving the intrinsic safety level of equipment operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of biomass fuel processing technology, specifically to a dust removal device for biomass fuel processing. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass fuel, as an important renewable energy source, generates a large amount of flammable and combustible dust particles during processing (such as crushing, drying, screening, and conveying). If these dust particles reach a certain concentration in the air and encounter a sufficiently powerful ignition source, they can easily cause dust explosions, resulting in serious equipment damage and even casualties. This poses a significant safety hazard in the industrial production of biomass fuel.

[0003] Currently, bag filters and cyclone dust collectors are commonly used in the industry to collect and purify dust generated during processing. However, these conventional dust collection devices often have shortcomings in their safety design when applied to biomass dust treatment, mainly in the following aspects: First, there are weaknesses in ignition source control. Biomass raw materials may contain metallic impurities such as nails and screws. If these are not effectively removed after entering the dust collection system, they may collide and rub against the high-speed rotating fan impeller or the inner wall of the pipes, generating mechanical sparks. Simultaneously, biomass dust, transported at high speed within the pipes and subject to intense friction with filter materials such as filter bags, easily generates and accumulates a large amount of static charge. If the dust collection equipment and related pipes lack an effective electrostatic grounding system, these accumulated charges may discharge electrostatically, generating ignition sparks. Both mechanical and electrostatic sparks are common and dangerous ignition sources that can cause dust explosions.

[0004] Secondly, there is insufficient control over the consequences of the explosion. If an initial explosion occurs inside the dust collection equipment, and the resulting high-temperature, high-pressure gases and flames cannot be released promptly and safely, the explosion pressure will rise sharply within the enclosed or semi-enclosed equipment space, easily causing physical rupture of the equipment casing (such as the dust collector housing). This rupture will not only cause devastating damage to the dust collection equipment, but the resulting fragments and even stronger shockwaves may trigger secondary accidents, expanding the scope of the hazard and potentially causing a chain reaction of explosions throughout the workshop or production line, with extremely serious consequences.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a dust removal device for biomass fuel processing. Utility Model Content

[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a dust removal device for biomass fuel processing. By installing a magnetic filter on the air inlet pipe and a grounding terminal on the dust removal chamber, mechanical and electrostatic sparks are eliminated at the source. The dual-chamber explosion relief plate design separated by partitions enables the directional release of explosion pressure. Combined with a matching buffer and stress relief structure, the device effectively absorbs and dissipates the explosion impact energy. This provides multi-level safety protection in terms of ignition source control and explosion consequence suppression, improving the inherent safety of the biomass fuel dust removal process and effectively solving the problems in the background technology.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a dust removal device for biomass fuel processing, comprising a dust removal box, a sealed door installed at the front end of the dust removal box, a bracket fixedly installed on the lower outer surface of the dust removal box, an exhaust fan fixedly installed on the upper outer surface of the dust removal box, an exhaust pipe fixedly installed at the lower end of the exhaust fan, an exhaust pipe fixedly installed on one side of the exhaust fan, a partition fixedly installed in the upper part of the inner cavity of the dust removal box, the partition dividing the inner cavity of the dust removal box into upper and lower chambers, the lower end of the exhaust pipe extending into the upper part of the inner cavity of the dust removal box, a through groove opened in the middle of the upper outer surface of the partition, the through groove extending to the middle of the lower outer surface of the partition, and a dust filter element provided in the lower part of the through groove, the dust filter element being fixed in the middle of the lower outer surface of the partition, the dust removal... An air inlet pipe is connected to the lower part of the outer surface on the left side of the dust collector. The inner cavity of the air inlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the dust collector. A magnetic filter is installed on the air inlet pipe. Explosion relief plates are fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the outer surface at the rear end of the dust collector. A buffer relief structure is provided on one side of the explosion relief plate. The buffer relief structure includes a protective baffle, a connecting arm, and a buffer structure. There are two sets of buffer structures in one set of buffer relief structures. The buffer structure includes a fixed column, a connecting base plate, a guide rod, a limit block, a helical spring, and a hydraulic damper. A cylindrical cavity is opened inside the fixed column. The connecting base plate is fixed between one end of the fixed column and the back of the dust collector. A guide hole is opened in the middle of the outer surface of the fixed column away from the connecting base plate. A grounding connection terminal is welded to the lower part of the outer surface on the left side of the dust collector.

[0008] Preferably, the number of connecting arms in one set of the buffer stress relief structure is two sets, and the two sets of connecting arms are fixed in the middle of the outer surface of both sides of the protective baffle; the protective baffle is set on the explosion relief path of the explosion relief disc and is kept at a distance from it.

[0009] Preferably, the guide rod passes through the guide hole, and the outer wall of the guide rod is in sliding fit with the guide hole. The guide rod is fixed between one outer surface of the limiting block and one outer surface of the connecting arm.

[0010] Preferably, the limiting block, the helical spring, and the hydraulic damper are all located in the cylindrical cavity, and the outer wall of the limiting block and the cylindrical cavity are in a sliding fit.

[0011] Preferably, the helical spring is movably sleeved on one end of the guide rod near the limiting block, and the helical spring is fixed between one side of the limiting block and one end of the cylindrical cavity near the guide hole. One side of the limiting block is elastically connected to one end of the cylindrical cavity through the helical spring.

[0012] Preferably, the number of hydraulic dampers in a set of buffer structures is two sets, and the two sets of hydraulic dampers are fixed between the upper and lower sides of the outer surface of one side of the limiting block and the upper and lower sides of the cylindrical cavity near the guide hole.

[0013] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a dust removal device for biomass fuel processing, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This dust removal device for biomass fuel processing, by installing a magnetic filter in the air inlet pipe, can adsorb and remove metal impurities such as iron filings and screws mixed in the biomass raw materials, fundamentally suppressing the hidden danger of mechanical sparks generated by metal friction and impact. At the same time, the grounding connection terminal installed on the dust removal box ensures that the entire equipment is reliably grounded, which can quickly conduct the static charge generated during dust transportation and filtration into the ground, effectively avoiding static electricity accumulation and discharge sparks, thus doubly suppressing the formation of ignition sources at the source.

[0014] 2. This dust removal device for biomass fuel processing constitutes a zoned explosion venting system by installing explosion vents at the rear ends of two independent chambers separated by a partition. When a dust explosion occurs accidentally in either chamber, the corresponding explosion vent will rupture rapidly, directing the overpressure and high-temperature flames in a preset safe direction (i.e., the back of the equipment) for release. This prevents the explosion pressure from continuously accumulating in the confined space and causing the dust removal box to rupture as a whole, thus controlling the explosion damage to a localized area.

[0015] 3. The dust removal device for biomass fuel processing includes a buffer and stress relief structure that is matched with the explosion relief disc. The protective baffle is located on the outer explosion relief path of the explosion relief disc. When the explosion relief disc opens and releases the explosion shock wave and fragments, the protective baffle can block them and transmit the impact force to the buffer structure through the connecting arm. The helical spring in the buffer structure provides elastic restoring force, and the hydraulic damper efficiently absorbs and dissipates the impact energy. Together, they buffer, decelerate and guide the explosion impact, reducing the direct impact on the surrounding box structure of the explosion relief disc. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front structural schematic diagram of a dust removal device for biomass fuel processing according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of a dust removal device for biomass fuel processing according to this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a front cross-sectional view of the dust removal box in a dust removal device for biomass fuel processing according to this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer and stress-relief structure in a dust removal device for biomass fuel processing according to this utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a side cross-sectional view of the buffer structure in a dust removal device for biomass fuel processing according to this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Dust collector; 2. Exhaust fan; 3. Exhaust duct; 4. Sealing door; 5. Bracket; 6. Inlet pipe; 7. Grounding connection terminal; 8. Magnetic filter; 9. Explosion relief disc; 10. Buffer and stress relief structure; 11. Exhaust pipe; 12. Partition; 13. Through groove; 14. Dust filter element; 15. Protective baffle; 16. Connecting arm; 17. Buffer structure; 18. Fixed column; 19. Connecting base plate; 20. Cylindrical cavity; 21. Guide hole; 22. Guide rod; 23. Limiting block; 24. Helical spring; 25. Hydraulic damper. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1-5 As shown, this embodiment provides a dust removal device for biomass fuel processing, which aims to solve the safety problem of dust collection and purification during biomass fuel processing. Specifically, it improves the inherent safety level of the equipment from two aspects: ignition source control and explosion consequence control through the synergistic effect of multiple measures.

[0024] The main body of the dust removal device is the dust collection box 1, which is welded from steel plates to form a sealed cavity. A hinged, openable and closable sealed door 4 is installed at the front end of the dust collection box 1 for equipment inspection, maintenance, and replacement of the dust filter element 14. A bracket 5 is fixedly welded to the lower outer surface of the dust collection box 1 to support the entire device and maintain its stability.

[0025] To achieve dust collection and airflow, an exhaust fan 2 is fixedly installed on the upper outer surface of the dust collection box 1. An exhaust pipe 11 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the exhaust fan 2, extending downwards and passing through the top wall of the dust collection box 1 to the upper part of the inner cavity of the dust collection box 1. An exhaust pipe 3 is fixedly connected to one side of the exhaust fan 2 for discharging the filtered clean air outdoors or to a subsequent processing unit.

[0026] To optimize filtration and create zoned explosion venting spaces, a partition 12 is horizontally fixedly installed in the upper part of the dust collector 1's inner cavity. This partition 12 divides the inner cavity of the dust collector 1 into two independent chambers: the lower chamber is a dust-laden air filtration chamber, and the upper chamber is a clean air collection chamber. The inlet of the extraction pipe 11 is located in the clean air collection chamber. A through-slot 13 is formed in the middle of the partition 12, penetrating both its upper and lower surfaces. A dust filter element 14, preferably a pleated filter cartridge, is installed in the lower part of the through-slot 13 using bolts. Its upper edge is sealed to the lower outer surface of the partition 12. Thus, dust-laden air must pass through the dust filter element 14 before entering the upper chamber from the lower chamber.

[0027] The dust-laden gas to be treated enters the equipment through the inlet pipe 6, which is connected to the lower part of the left outer surface of the dust collector 1. The inner cavity of the inlet pipe 6 is directly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the dust collector 1. To prevent metal impurities from directly contacting the exhaust fan 2, a magnetic filter 8 is installed in series on the inlet pipe 6. The magnetic filter 8 is equipped with multiple sets of powerful permanent magnets or electromagnets. When the biomass dust airflow carrying metal impurities such as iron filings and screws passes through, the metal impurities are attracted and trapped by the magnetic field.

[0028] To effectively dissipate static electricity generated during equipment operation and prevent static discharge accumulation, a grounding connection terminal 7 is welded to the lower part of the left outer surface of the dust collector 1. This grounding connection terminal 7 can be reliably connected to the factory's dedicated grounding network via a copper core wire, ensuring that the dust collector and its internal components are always in an equipotential grounded state.

[0029] As a key safety component for releasing overpressure during an explosion, explosion relief discs 9 are fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the outer surface of the rear end of the dust collector 1. Specifically, one explosion relief disc 9 is installed in the dusty air filtration chamber below the partition 12, and the other is installed in the clean air collection chamber above the partition. The static opening pressure of the explosion relief disc 9 is calibrated according to the design pressure resistance of the chamber (e.g., 10-20 kPa). When a dust explosion occurs in any chamber, and the pressure rises sharply and exceeds the set value, the corresponding explosion relief disc 9 will rupture instantaneously along the weakening groove, forming a vent, releasing the high-temperature and high-pressure flame and shock wave to the rear of the equipment (i.e., the safe direction), preventing the pressure from continuously accumulating in the confined space and causing the chamber to burst.

[0030] To mitigate the direct damage to the equipment and the space behind it caused by the shock wave and debris generated during explosion venting, a buffer and stress-relief structure 10 is installed behind the explosion venting disc 9 (i.e., on the explosion venting path). This structure mainly includes a protective baffle 15, a connecting arm 16, and a buffer structure 17.

[0031] The protective baffle 15 is a steel plate with an area larger than that of the explosion relief disc 9, and it is connected to the buffer structure 17 through two sets of connecting arms 16. The protective baffle 15 is set parallel to the rear end face of the dust collector 1 and maintains a certain safe distance from the explosion relief disc 9 to ensure that the explosion relief airflow can fully act on the baffle.

[0032] One set of buffer and stress-relief structures 10 corresponds to two sets of buffer structures 17, arranged symmetrically. Each set of buffer structures 17 includes a fixed post 18, a connecting base plate 19, a guide rod 22, a limiting block 23, a helical spring 24, and a hydraulic damper 25. The connecting base plate 19 is welded and fixed to the back of the dust collector 1, and one end of the fixed post 18 is fixedly connected to the connecting base plate 19. The fixed post 18 has a cylindrical cavity 20 machined inside, and a guide hole 21 is opened at the center of the end face away from the connecting base plate 19.

[0033] One end of the guide rod 22 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the connecting arm 16, and the other end passes through the guide hole 21 and extends into the cylindrical cavity 20, and is finally fixedly connected to one side of the limiting block 23. The outer diameter of the guide rod 22 and the inner diameter of the guide hole 21 are in sliding fit to ensure that the guide rod 22 can slide smoothly along the axial direction.

[0034] The limiting block 23, the helical spring 24, and the hydraulic damper 25 are all housed within the cylindrical cavity 20. The shape of the limiting block 23 matches the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity 20, allowing it to slide along its axial direction. The helical spring 24 is movably sleeved on one end of the guide rod 22 located within the cylindrical cavity 20, with one end abutting against the limiting block 23 and the other end abutting against the end face of the cylindrical cavity 20 near the guide hole 21. This allows the limiting block 23 and the connected guide rod 22, connecting arm 16, and protective baffle 15 to obtain an elastic preload force in the direction of the explosion relief disc 9.

[0035] To further efficiently absorb and dissipate impact energy, a hydraulic damper 25 is fixedly connected between the upper and lower sides of the outer surface of the limiting block 23 and the upper and lower sides of the corresponding ends of the cylindrical cavity 20. The hydraulic damper 25 is a standard component in the prior art, with its piston rod connected to the limiting block 23 and its cylinder body connected to the end of the cylindrical cavity 20.

[0036] Working principle: During normal dust removal operation, the exhaust fan 2 starts, creating negative pressure inside the dust collector 1. Air containing biomass dust enters the lower chamber of the dust collector 1 through the inlet pipe 6 under this negative pressure. Metallic impurities in the airflow are first adsorbed and removed by the magnetic filter 8. Subsequently, the air passes through the dust filter element 14, where dust is trapped on its outer surface. Clean air enters the upper chamber through the through-slot 13 and is finally discharged through the exhaust pipe 3 via the exhaust pipe 11 and the exhaust fan 2. Static charges generated during operation are conducted to the ground through the grounding connection terminal 7.

[0037] When a dust explosion occurs in any chamber, the overpressure causes the corresponding explosion relief disc 9 to open instantly. The explosion flames and shockwave are ejected outwards, directly impacting the protective baffle 15 directly behind. The impact force pushes the protective baffle 15 backwards, causing the guide rods 22 on both sides to slide backwards via the connecting arm 16. The guide rods 22 drive the limiting block 23 to compress the helical spring 24 and push the piston rod of the hydraulic damper 25 to retract. The helical spring 24 stores some energy and provides a restoring force, while the hydraulic damper 25, through the throttling damping effect of its internal hydraulic oil, converts most of the impact kinetic energy into heat energy for dissipation. This achieves buffering, deceleration, and guidance of the explosion impact, significantly reducing the impact force on the back structure of the dust collector and surrounding equipment.

[0038] This invention constructs a multi-layered safety protection system for biomass dust by using a dual-focus ignition source suppression system of "magnetic filter + electrostatic grounding" and an explosion consequence control system of "chambered explosion relief plate + buffer stress relief structure," effectively improving the operational reliability of the dust removal device in flammable and explosive environments.

[0039] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second (number one, number two), etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0040] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model.

Claims

1. A dust removal device for biomass fuel processing, comprising a dust collection box (1), wherein a sealing door (4) is installed at the front end of the dust collection box (1), and a bracket (5) is fixedly installed on the lower outer surface of the dust collection box (1), characterized in that: A blower (2) is fixedly installed on the upper outer surface of the dust collector (1), and an exhaust pipe (11) is fixedly installed on the lower end of the blower (2). An exhaust pipe (3) is fixedly installed on one side of the blower (2). A partition (12) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the inner cavity of the dust collector (1), dividing the inner cavity of the dust collector (1) into upper and lower chambers. The lower end of the exhaust pipe (11) extends into the upper part of the inner cavity of the dust collector (1), and the upper end of the partition (12) A through groove (13) is provided in the middle of the outer surface of the partition (12), the through groove (13) extends to the middle of the lower outer surface of the partition (12), and a dust filter element (14) is provided at the lower part of the through groove (13). The dust filter element (14) is fixed in the middle of the lower outer surface of the partition (12). An air inlet pipe (6) is connected to the lower part of the left outer surface of the dust collector (1). The inner cavity of the air inlet pipe (6) is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the dust collector (1). A magnetic filter is installed on the air inlet pipe (6). The filter (8) has explosion relief plates (9) fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the outer surface of the rear end of the dust collector (1). A buffer relief structure (10) is provided on one side of the explosion relief plate (9). The buffer relief structure (10) includes a protective baffle (15), a connecting arm (16) and a buffer structure (17). The number of buffer structures (17) in a set of buffer relief structures (10) is two sets. The buffer structure (17) includes a fixed column (18), a connecting base plate (19), a guide rod (22), a limit block (23), a helical spring (24) and a hydraulic damper (25). A cylindrical cavity (20) is opened inside the fixed column (18). The connecting base plate (19) is fixed between one end of the fixed column (18) and the back of the dust collector (1). A guide hole (21) is opened in the middle of the outer surface of the fixed column (18) away from the connecting base plate (19). A grounding connection terminal (7) is welded to the lower part of the outer surface on the left side of the dust collector (1).

2. The dust removal device for biomass fuel processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of connecting arms (16) in a set of buffer stress relief structures (10) is two sets, and the two sets of connecting arms (16) are fixed in the middle of the outer surface of both sides of the protective baffle (15); the protective baffle (15) is set on the explosion relief path of the explosion relief plate (9) and is spaced apart from it.

3. The dust removal device for biomass fuel processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide rod (22) passes through the guide hole (21), and the outer wall of the guide rod (22) and the guide hole (21) are in sliding fit. The guide rod (22) is fixed between one side of the outer surface of the limiting block (23) and one side of the outer surface of the connecting arm (16).

4. A dust removal device for biomass fuel processing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting block (23), the helical spring (24) and the hydraulic damper (25) are all located in the cylindrical cavity (20), and the outer wall of the limiting block (23) and the cylindrical cavity (20) are in sliding fit.

5. A dust removal device for biomass fuel processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The helical spring (24) is movably sleeved on one end of the guide rod (22) near the limiting block (23). The helical spring (24) is fixed between one side of the limiting block (23) and one end of the cylindrical cavity (20) near the guide hole (21). One side of the limiting block (23) is elastically connected to one end of the cylindrical cavity (20) through the helical spring (24).

6. A dust removal device for biomass fuel processing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of hydraulic dampers (25) in one set of buffer structure (17) is two sets. The two sets of hydraulic dampers (25) are fixed between the upper and lower sides of the outer surface of the limiting block (23) and the upper and lower sides of the cylindrical cavity (20) near the guide hole (21).

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