A fireworks waste residue pretreatment system

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of fireworks and cracker waste slag pretreatment system, belong to fireworks waste processing technical field. Including two slurry pumps installed in sedimentation tank, one is treated into slurry slag material by fireworks and cracker waste slag, another is used to pump slurry state fireworks and cracker waste slag to stirring barrel;Stirring barrel, with the slurry pump in sedimentation tank for pumping slurry state fireworks and cracker waste slag to stirring barrel is connected by material conveying pipeline, slurry slag material in sedimentation tank is filtered, hot water leaching, stirring in the stirring barrel, leaching potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate;Spray tower, with stirring barrel is connected by pipeline, for processing hydrogen sulfide gas pumped from stirring barrel. The utility model is separated and recycles potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate in fireworks and cracker waste in fireworks and cracker production enterprise by setting pretreatment system, so that it no longer has combustion and explosion performance, and is transported to post-processing base for post-processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of fireworks waste treatment technology, and in particular relates to a pretreatment system for fireworks and firecracker waste residue. Background Technology

[0002] Fireworks and firecracker waste belongs to HW15 category hazardous waste in the "National Hazardous Waste List". It is flammable and explosive, and contains harmful substances such as sulfur. Traditional disposal methods are mostly landfill or indiscriminate dumping, causing serious environmental pollution and safety risks. Existing treatment facilities are mostly fixed, occupy a large area, and the safety protection distance of fireworks and firecracker production enterprises is very limited, making it difficult to apply them directly within fireworks and firecracker production enterprises.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a mobile, integrated, and low-cost pretreatment system to be used within fireworks and firecracker production enterprises to remove potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate from fireworks and firecracker waste, rendering the waste non-flammable and explosive. This reduces safety risks during collection, transportation, storage, and centralized disposal. The system can also treat wastewater generated during the production process. After a series of pretreatment steps, including removing hydrogen sulfide, deodorizing, and adjusting the pH value, the wastewater can be reused without external discharge, significantly reducing environmental costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an integrated, mobile, small-footprint, and safe pre-treatment system for fireworks and firecracker waste residue, in order to solve the problems of existing treatment devices having complex structures, large footprints, and very limited safety protection distances that are not applicable to fireworks and firecracker production enterprises.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is: a pretreatment system for fireworks and firecracker waste residue, comprising two mud pumps installed in a sedimentation tank, one for processing fireworks and firecracker waste residue into a mud-like residue, and the other for pumping the mud-like residue to a mixing tank; the mixing tank is connected to the mud pump in the sedimentation tank for pumping the mud-like residue to the mixing tank via a conveying pipeline, wherein the mud-like residue in the sedimentation tank is filtered, leached with hot water, and stirred in the mixing tank to leach potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate; a spray tower is connected to the mixing tank via a pipeline for treating hydrogen sulfide gas drawn from the mixing tank.

[0006] Furthermore, the settling tank is equipped with two mud pumps, one of which is used to process the waste residue of fireworks and firecrackers into mud-like residue, and the other mud pump is responsible for pumping the mud-like waste residue of fireworks and firecrackers into the mixing tank.

[0007] Furthermore, the sedimentation tank is equipped with a feed valve, a discharge valve, and a water filling valve on the conveying pipe for pumping the slurry-like fireworks waste residue to the mixing tank. The water filling valve is used to fill water into the pipe for pumping the slurry-like fireworks waste residue to prevent the residual slurry in the pipe from having explosive properties after drying.

[0008] Furthermore, the conveying pipe used to pump the slurry-like waste residue of fireworks and firecrackers into the mixing tank has a vertical section after extending into the mixing tank.

[0009] Furthermore, the mixing tank includes a conical lid and a cylindrical body. The conical lid is movably mounted on the cylindrical body, and a grid cylindrical frame is installed inside the cylindrical body. A filter bag is placed inside the grid cylindrical frame, and the vertical section extends into the filter bag.

[0010] Furthermore, the mixing tank is equipped with a heating device and a stirring device. The heating device provides hot water to soak the waste residue, and the stirring device stirs the waste residue to leach out potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate. The bottom of the mixing tank is provided with a drain port for discharging the leachated potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate solution.

[0011] Furthermore, the mixing tank is connected to a ventilator and a spray tower via a duct. The ventilator draws hydrogen sulfide gas from the mixing tank into the spray tower for treatment.

[0012] Furthermore, the drive motor of the mud pump installed in the settling tank for pumping the waste residue of fireworks and firecrackers in mud form to the mixing tank is connected to a frequency converter, and the speed of mud conveying is controlled by the frequency converter to prevent spraying.

[0013] Furthermore, the fireworks and firecrackers waste residue pretreatment system also includes a cold water tank for rapidly cooling the aluminum powder and aluminum-magnesium alloy powder in the filter bag.

[0014] Furthermore, the fireworks and firecrackers waste residue pretreatment system also includes a plastic bucket for storing the potassium perchlorate solution, which undergoes reverse osmosis concentration treatment to separate and recover potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: With its integrated design and small footprint, it is easy to transport and quickly deploy on-site, making it suitable for the internal processing needs of various fireworks and firecracker production enterprises. It is safe to operate, ensuring that explosive components are removed from fireworks and firecracker waste residue through multiple leaching and online testing. It has a high resource recovery rate, as the recovered potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate can be reused in the production of fireworks and firecrackers, reducing disposal costs. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1: A schematic diagram of the structure of the pretreatment system for fireworks and firecracker waste residue of this utility model.

[0017] In the diagram: 1-Sedimentation tank, 2-Agitator, 3-Spray tower, 4-Slurry pump, 5-Discharge valve, 6-Infeed valve, 7-Water filling valve, 8-Vertical section, 9-Fan, 21-Conical barrel cover, 22-Cylinder body, 23-Grid cylindrical frame. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] See Figure 1 This embodiment of a fireworks and firecracker waste slag pretreatment system includes: a sedimentation tank 1 for receiving waste slag and processing it into a slurry-like slag; a mixing tank 2 connected to a conveying pipe on a slurry pump in the sedimentation tank for pumping the waste slag from the sedimentation tank to the mixing tank for filtration, hot water leaching, and stirring, for leaching potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate; and a spray tower 3 connected to a pipe in the mixing tank for treating hydrogen sulfide gas extracted from the mixing tank.

[0020] In this embodiment, the sedimentation tank 1 is equipped with two mud pumps 4. One of them is used to process the waste residue of fireworks and firecrackers into mud-like residue, and the other mud pump pumps the mud-like residue into the mixing tank.

[0021] In this embodiment, the sedimentation tank conveying pipeline is sequentially equipped with a discharge valve 5, a feed valve 6, and a water injection valve 7. The water injection valve is used to inject water into the pipeline that pumps the waste slurry from fireworks and firecrackers to prevent the residual slurry in the pipeline from having explosive properties after drying.

[0022] In this embodiment, the sedimentation tank conveying pipe extends into the mixing tank and is equipped with a vertical section 8.

[0023] The mixing tank described in this embodiment includes a conical lid 21 and a cylindrical body 22. The conical lid is movably mounted on the cylindrical body. A grid cylindrical frame 23 is installed inside the cylindrical body, and a filter bag is placed inside the grid cylindrical frame. The vertical section extends into the filter bag.

[0024] In this embodiment, the mixing tank is connected to a water heater and an electric stirrer (not shown in the figure) via a pipe. The bottom of the mixing tank is provided with a drain port for discharging the filtrate from the leaching of potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate.

[0025] In this embodiment, the mixing tank is connected to a ventilation fan 9 via a pipe. The fan draws the hydrogen sulfide gas and air from the mixing tank into the spray tower.

[0026] In this embodiment, the drive motor of the mud pump that pumps slurry from fireworks and firecracker waste in the sedimentation tank is connected to a frequency converter. The frequency converter controls the speed of mud delivery to prevent spraying.

[0027] The fireworks and firecrackers waste slag pretreatment system described in this embodiment also includes a cold water tank for cooling and soaking the filter bag after the mud-like slag has been treated, and for rapidly cooling the aluminum powder and aluminum-magnesium alloy powder in the filter bag.

[0028] The fireworks and firecrackers waste residue pretreatment system described in this embodiment also includes a plastic bucket for storing the leached potassium perchlorate solution. The potassium perchlorate solution in the plastic bucket undergoes reverse osmosis concentration treatment to separate and recover potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate.

[0029] The working process in this embodiment is as follows: The system is connected in sequence to a sedimentation tank, a mixing tank, and a spray tower. Two sets of mud pumps can be used: one for "circulation-mud production" and the other for pumping waste drug mud from the sedimentation tank. The pretreatment system operates as follows: Step 1 Filtering (1) Place the grid cylindrical frame into the filter bag, and then place the whole thing into the mixing tank; (2) Cover the conical bucket with a lid (seal well), connect the air duct between the blower and the mixing tank, and connect the air duct between the induced draft fan and the spray tower; (3) Insert the discharge port of the conveying pipe connected to the mud pump into the filter bag in the mixing tank; (4) Open the filter valve of the mixing tank and guide the water outlet into the plastic bucket; (5) Start the spray tower power supply – spray; (6) Start the power supply of the induced draft fan to draw the air in the mixing tank to the spray tower; (7) Start the power supply of the mud pump, slowly rotate the frequency converter to increase the speed of the mud pump, so that the drug mud enters the mixing tank at a uniform speed to prevent spraying and filtration. The waste residue remains in the filter bag in the mixing tank, the water flows into the plastic bucket, and the H2S gas enters the spray tower to react with NaOH and Ca(OH)2 and is removed.

[0030] (8) After filtration is completed, close the valves at both ends of the connecting pipeline between the mud pump and the mixing tank to transport the material, and fill the pipeline with water using the water filling valve to prevent the residual drug mud in the pipeline from having flammable and explosive properties after drying.

[0031] Step Two, Wastewater Treatment Part One: Filtering Wastewater (1) Add deodorizing agent, H2S removal agent, pH adjuster and inorganic filter media to the filtered wastewater in the plastic bucket in proportion.

[0032] (2) Stir with a manual stirrer and pump into a small bag-type mixing tank for filtration. The filtered water enters the circulating water tank for reuse; the filter residue enters the mixing tank and enters the next potassium perchlorate removal process together with the waste residue.

[0033] Step 3: Removal of potassium perchlorate (1) Pour the H2S removal agent into the mixing tank and completely submerge the waste residue; after stirring thoroughly with a manual stirrer, release the H2S removal agent.

[0034] (2) Pour hot water into the mixing tank to completely submerge the waste residue; after mixing thoroughly with a hand-held electric mixer, lift the filter bag and the material in the bag with a bar lift, drain the water and immediately put it into a cold water tank to soak. After the material is completely cooled, lift the filter bag and the material in the bag with a bar lift, pour the residue into an open plastic bucket, and transport it to the "post-processing base" for post-processing to recover the sulfur, aluminum powder, aluminum-magnesium alloy powder, etc. Finally, the remaining mud and sand are used to produce non-fired bricks.

[0035] (3) The hot water after leaching contains potassium perchlorate (i.e., potassium perchlorate solution), which is pumped into the plastic tank of the reverse osmosis system for storage to recover potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate.

[0036] Step 4: Detect potassium perchlorate residue in the residue. (1) Take a small amount of residue, soak it thoroughly with hot water at 80℃, and filter it; use a liquid chromatograph to test the "potassium perchlorate content in the filtered water", and then calculate whether the potassium perchlorate residue in the residue meets the standard.

[0037] Step 5: Recover potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate (1) Potassium perchlorate recovery: The potassium perchlorate solution in the plastic tank of the reverse osmosis system is subjected to reverse osmosis to continuously increase the concentration of potassium perchlorate, continuously precipitate potassium perchlorate, and recover potassium perchlorate.

[0038] (2) Potassium nitrate recovery: When the solution in the reverse osmosis system is at 60℃, the leachate is repeatedly reverse osmotically concentrated until the potassium perchlorate concentration is 7% and the potassium nitrate concentration reaches 100→160g / 100ml water. Then, the solution is pumped into the vehicle-mounted negative pressure distillation system for negative pressure distillation, and the solution is evaporated to dryness in one go to recover the mixture of potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate. This mixture of potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate can be further purified according to their solubility characteristics; or, after the content of potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate is detected, it can be directly used in certain types of fireworks and firecrackers and fuses.

[0039] Step 6: Utilize an onboard flotation system to recover copper oxide and bismuth oxide from waste bright beads. (1) Under water curing, the waste bright beads are ground into slurry using a colloid mill; (2) Use the aforementioned method to separate and recover potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate from waste bright pearl drug slurry; The waste slurry of bismuth oxide was adjusted to a concentration of about 20%, and copper sulfate was added as an activator. After stirring and reacting for 20 minutes, propyl xanthate and butyl xanthate were added, and after stirring and reacting for 20 minutes, sulfonated kerosene was added. After stirring, inhibitor (water glass) was added and stirred. After stirring, air was blown into the flotation cell and flotation was carried out until all copper oxide and bismuth oxide were floated out.

[0040] In this embodiment, some devices in the system, such as the water heater, cold water tank, handheld electric mixer, and boom crane, can be integrated into a vehicle-mounted container for easy transport and on-site operation. The mud pump, mixing tank, spray tower, and potassium perchlorate solution storage tank are fixedly installed at the hazardous waste disposal site within the fireworks and firecrackers enterprise. This integrated design offers advantages such as compact structure, small footprint, safe operation, low cost, portability, and suitability for on-site disposal of hazardous waste residue in fireworks and firecrackers production enterprises. It eliminates the need for centralized disposal, significantly reducing the risk of explosion during collection and transportation, as well as the high risk of explosion from large quantities of chemicals.

[0041] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of this utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A pretreatment system for fireworks and firecracker waste residue, characterized in that, The pretreatment system includes: two mud pumps in a sedimentation tank, one for processing fireworks waste residue into mud-like residue, and the other for pumping the mud-like residue to a mixing tank; the mixing tank is connected to the mud pump in the sedimentation tank for pumping the mud-like residue to the mixing tank via a conveying pipeline, wherein the mud-like residue in the sedimentation tank is filtered, leached with hot water, and stirred in the mixing tank to leach potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate; and a spray tower connected to the mixing tank via a pipeline for treating hydrogen sulfide gas drawn from the mixing tank.

2. The pretreatment system for fireworks and firecracker waste residue according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying pipe used to pump the slurry-like waste residue from fireworks and firecrackers into the mixing tank is equipped with an inlet valve, an outlet valve, and a water filling valve in sequence.

3. The fireworks and firecrackers waste residue pretreatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying pipe used to pump the slurry-like waste residue from fireworks and firecrackers into the mixing tank has a vertical section after it extends into the mixing tank.

4. The fireworks and firecrackers waste pretreatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mixing tank includes a conical lid and a cylindrical body. The conical lid is movably mounted on the cylindrical body. A grid cylindrical frame is installed inside the cylindrical body, and a filter bag is placed inside the grid cylindrical frame. The vertical section extends into the filter bag.

5. The fireworks and firecrackers waste residue pretreatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mixing tank is equipped with a heating device and a stirring device. The heating device provides hot water to leach potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate from the waste residue.

6. The fireworks and firecrackers waste residue pretreatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the mixing tank is equipped with a drain outlet for discharging the leachable potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate filtrate.

7. The pretreatment system for fireworks and firecracker waste residue according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing tank is connected to a ventilator and a spray tower via a duct. The ventilator draws hydrogen sulfide gas from the mixing tank into the spray tower for treatment.

8. The pretreatment system for fireworks and firecracker waste residue according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sedimentation tank is used to pump out slurry waste residue from fireworks and firecrackers. The drive motor of the slurry pump is connected to a frequency converter, which controls the speed of slurry transport.

9. The pretreatment system for fireworks and firecracker waste residue according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fireworks and firecrackers waste pretreatment system also includes a cold water tank for rapidly cooling the aluminum powder and aluminum-magnesium alloy powder in the filter bag.

10. The pretreatment system for fireworks and firecracker waste residue according to claim 9, characterized in that, The pretreatment system for fireworks and firecracker waste residue also includes plastic buckets for storing filtrate. The potassium perchlorate in the filtrate is concentrated by reverse osmosis to precipitate potassium perchlorate, thereby separating and recovering potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate.

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