Anaerobic digestion pretreatment device for kitchen waste

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of kitchen garbage anaerobic digestion pretreatment devices, including main body, crushing mechanism, screening mechanism and cooperation mechanism, the crushing mechanism includes first motor and crushing roller, the screening mechanism includes screening frame and positioning piece, the cooperation mechanism includes water pump and shunt piece, under the mutual cooperation of above mechanism, the soluble of this device crushing + water flow combined use can promote material (i.e. dissolved organic matter dissolves to liquid phase), to shorten the retention time, improve the utilization of reactor, in addition, the screening of this device can remove or separate hard object (such as bone, shell, metal, small piece of plastic etc.), which is difficult to break, difficult to degrade or harmful to equipment, to protect downstream equipment (crusher, screw conveyor, reactor) from damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste treatment technology, specifically to an anaerobic digestion pretreatment device for kitchen waste. Background Technology

[0002] Crushing is a crucial pretreatment step in the anaerobic digestion of food waste, significantly improving the efficiency of subsequent anaerobic digestion. Therefore, the design of the equipment must not only focus on the crushing effect but also consider how it can work in conjunction with other processes (such as moisture control, material conveying, and screening).

[0003] When traditional equipment is in use, if the material has a large particle size, loose structure, or contains large debris, the hydrolysis stage (the rate-limited step in anaerobic digestion) may slow down, resulting in low gas production and long reaction time. If water is not added or the water flow is not well controlled, the material may form blockages or deposits during the conveying or pretreatment stages, leading to difficulties in operation and maintenance.

[0004] Secondly, large or hard materials entering the crushing or conveying system directly may cause equipment blockage, damage, or accelerated wear.

[0005] Finally, if there is no suitable conveying equipment for wet materials, the materials may need to be converted to a drier state or pumped or transported manually, which will increase equipment complexity, increase energy consumption, or limit the moisture content of the materials. Utility Model Content

[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides an anaerobic digestion pretreatment device for kitchen waste, thereby solving the technical problems mentioned in the background section.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a pretreatment device for anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste, comprising a main body, a crushing mechanism, a screening mechanism, and a cooperating mechanism. The crushing mechanism includes a first motor and a crushing roller. The first motor is fixedly mounted on the main body, and the crushing roller is installed inside the main body and is rotatably connected to the main body and fixedly connected to the first motor. A first ejector is mounted on the main body, and a blocking component is installed inside the main body. The blocking component is cooperatingly connected to the crushing roller. The screening mechanism includes a screening frame and a positioning component. The screening frame is mounted on the main body and is slidably connected to the main body. The positioning component is mounted on the main body and is slidably connected to the main body and cooperatingly connected to the screening frame. A spring is provided on the screening frame, and one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the main body.

[0010] Preferably, the cooperating mechanism includes a water pump and a flow divider. The water pump is fixedly installed inside the main body, and the flow divider is fixedly connected to one end of the water pump. A second ejector is installed on the main body and is fixedly connected to the flow divider. A second motor and a conveying shaft are installed at the bottom of the main body, and the conveying shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the second motor.

[0011] In a further preferred embodiment, the main body is provided with a feeding box, and the first and second spraying components are provided with nozzles, which are distributed in a linear array on the first and second spraying components to facilitate the flow of materials.

[0012] In a further preferred embodiment, the positioning member is provided with a baffle, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the baffle, the baffle is slidably connected to the main body, and the screening frame is provided with a positioning hole, which is fixedly connected to the positioning member to facilitate the fixation of the position of the screening frame.

[0013] In a further preferred embodiment, the main body is provided with a flow chamber and a water tank, and the water pump is fixedly installed on the water tank to facilitate the operation of the device.

[0014] In a further preferred embodiment, the flow divider is provided with a first flow divider pipe and a second flow divider pipe, the first flow divider pipe being fixedly connected to the first ejector, and the second flow divider pipe being fixedly connected to the second ejector, to facilitate the flow of material.

[0015] In a further preferred embodiment, the water pump is equipped with a suction pipe installed inside the water tank, and the bottom of the main body is provided with an outlet hole to facilitate the conveying of materials.

[0016] In a further preferred embodiment, the main body is provided with a discharge component, the main body is provided with a threaded hole, the discharge component is provided with an external thread, and the external thread is connected to the threaded hole to facilitate the conveying of materials.

[0017] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0018] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a pretreatment device for anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] In this invention, by setting up a crushing mechanism, under the cooperative action of the first motor and crushing roller, the device can promote the solubility of materials (i.e., dissolve organic substances into the liquid phase) through the combined crushing and water flow, thereby shortening the residence time and improving the utilization rate of the reactor.

[0020] In this invention, by setting up a screening mechanism, under the mutual cooperation of components such as the screening frame and positioning parts, the screening device can remove or separate hard objects (such as bones, shells, metals, small pieces of plastic, etc.) that are difficult to break, difficult to degrade, or harmful to the equipment, thereby protecting downstream equipment (crushers, screw conveyors, reactors) from damage.

[0021] By setting up a cooperating mechanism, the spiral conveyor of this device can adapt to the needs of conveying water-containing materials (wet, semi-solid, slurry-like materials) through the mutual cooperation of components such as water pump and diverter, and is more flexible than solid conveying only. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an anaerobic digestion pretreatment device for kitchen waste according to this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model from another angle;

[0024] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the crushing mechanism in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the screening mechanism in this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the main body of this utility model.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Main body; 2. First motor; 3. Crushing roller; 4. First ejector component; 5. Blocking component; 6. Screening frame; 7. Positioning component; 8. Spring; 9. Water pump; 10. Diverter component; 11. Second ejector component; 12. Second motor; 13. Conveyor shaft; 14. Feed box; 15. Nozzle; 16. Baffle; 17. Positioning hole; 18. Flow chamber; 19. Water tank; 20. First diverter pipe; 21. Second diverter pipe; 22. Suction pipe; 23. Outlet hole; 24. Discharge component; 25. Threaded hole; 26. External thread. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] Example 1:

[0030] Please see Figures 1-5A pretreatment device for anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste includes a main body 1, a crushing mechanism, a screening mechanism, and a cooperating mechanism. The crushing mechanism includes a first motor 2 and a crushing roller 3. The first motor 2 is fixedly mounted on the main body 1. The crushing roller 3 is installed inside the main body 1 and is rotatably connected to the main body 1 and fixedly connected to the first motor 2. A first ejector 4 is mounted on the main body 1. A blocking member 5 is installed inside the main body 1 and is cooperatingly connected to the crushing roller 3. The screening mechanism includes a screening frame 6 and a positioning member 7. The screening frame 6 is mounted on the main body 1 and is slidably connected to the main body 1. The positioning member 7 is mounted on the main body 1 and is slidably connected to the main body 1 and cooperatingly connected to the screening frame 6. A spring 8 is provided on the screening frame 6, and one end of the spring 8 is fixedly connected to the main body 1.

[0031] In this embodiment, the crushing mechanism includes a first motor 2 and a crushing roller 3. In use, the material can be put into the feed box 14 on the main body 1. Then, the first motor 2 drives the crushing roller 3 to rotate and crush the material. Under the action of the blocking member 5, the material stuck inside the crushing roller 3 is also ejected. The nozzle 15 on the first spraying member 4 can spray water directly onto the material. When the material is crushed, the water flow makes it easy to flow onto the screening frame 6 at the bottom of the main body 1.

[0032] In this embodiment, the screening mechanism includes a screening frame 6 and a positioning member 7. In use, after the material falls into the screening frame 6, the first spraying member 4 continuously sprays water, allowing the material to pass through the screening member, leaving only solid and large pieces of material. At this time, the screening frame 6 can be removed from the main body 1. The positioning member 7 directly pulls the baffle 16 to slide on the main body 1, and the spring 8 is compressed. During this process, the positioning member 7 also disengages from the positioning hole 17 on the screening frame 6. At this time, the screening frame 6 can be removed and the material can be poured out.

[0033] In this embodiment, the cooperating mechanism includes a water pump 9 and a flow divider 10. During use, the material flowing from the screening frame 6 into the flow chamber 18 of the main body 1 may be blocked due to its viscous flow. At this time, the water pump 9 operates the suction pipe 22 installed in the water tank 19 to directly transmit the water flow to the flow divider 10. Under the action of the first flow divider 20 and the second flow divider 21, the water flow is transmitted to the first spray member 4 and the second spray member 11, respectively. The nozzle 15 on the second spray member 11 washes the material on the flow chamber 18 with water. When the material is under the influence of gravity, it can enter the outlet hole 23 of the main body 1. The second motor 12 starts to drive, so that the conveying shaft 13 can rotate inside the main body 1 and transmit the material to the outside of the main body 1. In order to facilitate the connection with the external pipeline, a discharge member 24 can be installed on the main body 1. At this time, the external thread 26 on the discharge member 24 is connected with the threaded hole 25 on the main body 1.

[0034] Example 2:

[0035] In summary, during use, the device first needs to be assembled. Since the material needs to be transported to the outside, a discharge component 24 can be installed on the main body 1. At this time, the external thread 26 on the discharge component 24 is connected to the threaded hole 25 on the main body 1. Then, the material can be poured into the main body 1 and placed into the feed box 14 on the main body 1. Subsequently, the first motor 2 drives the crushing roller 3 to rotate, crushing the material. Under the action of the blocking component 5, the material stuck inside the crushing roller 3 is also ejected. The nozzle 15 on the first spray component 4 can directly spray water onto the material. When the material is crushed, the water flow facilitates the flow to the screening rack 6 at the bottom of the main body 1. After the material falls into the screening rack 6, the continuous spray of water from the first spray component 4 allows the material to pass through the screening component, leaving only the hard and large pieces of material. At this time, the screening rack 6 can be removed from the main body 1. The positioning element 7 directly pulls the baffle 16 to slide on the main body 1, and the spring 8 is compressed. During this process, the positioning element 7 also disengages from the positioning hole 17 on the screening frame 6. At this time, the screening frame 6 can be taken out and the material can be poured out. The material flowing from the screening frame 6 into the flow chamber 18 of the main body 1 may be blocked due to its viscosity. At this time, the water pump 9 runs and the suction pipe 22 installed in the water tank 19 directly transmits the water flow to the diverter 10. Under the action of the first diverter pipe 20 and the second diverter pipe 21, the water flow is transmitted to the first sprayer 4 and the second sprayer 11, respectively. The nozzle 15 on the second sprayer 11 washes the material on the flow chamber 18 with water. When the material is affected by gravity, it can enter the outlet hole 23 of the main body 1. The second motor 12 starts to drive, so that the conveyor shaft 13 can rotate inside the main body 1 and transmit the material to the outside of the main body 1.

[0036] Of all the solutions mentioned above, those involving the connection between two components can be selected according to the actual situation, such as welding, bolt and nut connection, bolt or screw connection, or other known connection methods, which will not be elaborated here. For all the fixed connections mentioned above, welding is preferred. Although embodiments of this utility model have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this utility model. The scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pretreatment device for anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste, comprising a main body (1), a crushing mechanism, a screening mechanism, and a cooperating mechanism, characterized in that, The crushing mechanism includes a first motor (2) and a crushing roller (3). The first motor (2) is fixedly installed on the main body (1). The crushing roller (3) is installed inside the main body (1) and is rotatably connected to the main body (1) and fixedly connected to the first motor (2). A first ejector (4) is installed on the main body (1). A blocking member (5) is installed inside the main body (1). The blocking member (5) is connected to the crushing roller (3). The screening mechanism includes a screening frame (6) and a positioning member (7). The screening frame (6) is installed on the main body (1) and is slidably connected to the main body (1). The positioning member (7) is installed on the main body (1) and is slidably connected to the main body (1) and connected to the screening frame (6). A spring (8) is provided on the screening frame (6). One end of the spring (8) is fixedly connected to the main body (1).

2. The anaerobic digestion pretreatment device for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooperating mechanism includes a water pump (9) and a diverter (10). The water pump (9) is fixedly installed inside the main body (1). The diverter (10) is fixedly connected to one end of the water pump (9). A second ejector (11) is installed on the main body (1). The second ejector (11) is fixedly connected to the diverter (10). A second motor (12) and a conveyor shaft (13) are installed at the bottom of the main body (1). The conveyor shaft (13) is fixedly connected to one end of the second motor (12).

3. The anaerobic digestion pretreatment device for kitchen waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main body (1) is provided with a feed box (14), and the first spraying component (4) and the second spraying component (11) are provided with nozzles (15). The nozzles (15) are arranged in a linear array on the first spraying component (4) and the second spraying component (11).

4. The anaerobic digestion pretreatment device for kitchen waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning component (7) is provided with a baffle (16), one end of the spring (8) is fixedly connected to the baffle (16), the baffle (16) is slidably connected to the main body (1), the screening frame (6) is provided with a positioning hole (17), and the positioning hole (17) is fixedly connected to the positioning component (7).

5. The anaerobic digestion pretreatment device for kitchen waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main body (1) is provided with a flow chamber (18) and a water tank (19), and the water pump (9) is fixedly installed on the water tank (19).

6. The anaerobic digestion pretreatment device for kitchen waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flow divider (10) is provided with a first flow divider (20) and a second flow divider (21). The first flow divider (20) is fixedly connected to the first ejector (4), and the second flow divider (21) is fixedly connected to the second ejector (11).

7. The anaerobic digestion pretreatment device for kitchen waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water pump (9) is provided with a suction pipe (22), which is installed inside the water tank (19), and the main body (1) is provided with an outlet hole (23) at the bottom.

8. The anaerobic digestion pretreatment device for kitchen waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: The main body (1) is provided with a material discharge component (24), the main body (1) is provided with a threaded hole (25), the material discharge component (24) is provided with an external thread (26), and the external thread (26) is connected to the threaded hole (25).

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