A milling device for large-size bolt ball

Abstract

The utility model discloses a milling device for large size bolt ball, aims at solving the problem of high cost of tool magazine or increasing spindle kinematic pair of machine tool cost in the existing processing. The device comprises a spindle, and the end thereof is fixed with an annular first flange; it also contains an annular milling cutter body, one end of which is fixed with a second flange, and the two are detachably connected through a first screw rod; the other end of the milling cutter body is uniformly provided with a plurality of concave milling cutter grooves on the outer circumferential surface; a milling cutter can be detachably embedded in the grooves and locked by a second screw rod; and a torque sleeve with a symmetric torque groove in the shape of "I" is fixed to the inner wall. During operation, the spindle drives the milling cutter body to rotate to realize milling of a plane; subsequent drilling, chamfering and tapping tools pass through the center holes of various components and are locked by the spindle pull rod; the locking pin slides into the torque groove to transmit torque; and the milling cutter does not need to be removed. The device does not need a large tool magazine and a spindle up-down kinematic pair, thereby reducing cost, saving space, adapting to multiple sizes of bolt balls, improving processing precision and torque stability, ensuring operation safety and simplifying maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining large-size bolt balls, and in particular to a milling device for large-size bolt balls. Background Technology

[0002] The machining process for bolt balls involves the following steps: milling the surface, drilling, chamfering, and tapping. The tools used are a face milling cutter, twist drill, chamfering cutter, and tap. Since there are many mounting holes on the bolt ball, the above steps need to be repeated for each mounting hole. For machining large bolt balls, due to their large size, the surface area to be milled is also large. For bolt ball machining machines, to obtain a larger cutting surface area, there are generally two solutions: increasing the area of ​​the milling cutter; or allowing the milling spindle to move up and down. These two methods have the following drawbacks: if the milling cutter head is enlarged, a large-sized tool magazine needs to be custom-made to accommodate the cutter, increasing procurement costs; if the milling spindle can move up and down, an additional set of kinematic pairs is added, increasing the machine tool cost.

[0003] To obtain a milling device capable of milling large-size bolt balls with minimal cost and without affecting the bolt ball machining process. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a milling device for large-size bolt balls, aiming to solve the problem of inconvenient storage, use, and replacement of large-size milling cutter heads. To achieve the above objective, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: A milling device for large-size bolt balls, comprising a spindle, characterized in that an annular first flange is fixed to the end of the spindle; further comprising: an annular milling cutter body; a second flange is fixed to one end of the milling cutter body, and a plurality of concave milling cutter grooves are evenly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the other end of the milling cutter body, the milling cutter grooves being detachably embedded with milling cutters; an annular torque sleeve is fixed to the inner wall of the milling cutter body, one end of the torque sleeve having a recessed torque groove; the end faces of the first flange and the second flange are detachably connected in contact. The cutting area formed by the rotation of all milling cutter cutting edges around the spindle axis does not spatially overlap with the cutting working areas formed by other tools around their own rotation axes, thereby avoiding interference between the cutting area and the working areas of other tools.

[0005] Furthermore, the cutting area formed by the rotation of all the cutting edges of the milling cutters around the spindle axis does not spatially overlap with the working area formed by the tool changer rotating arm around its own rotation axis during the tool changing process, so as to avoid interference between the cutting area and the tool changer rotating arm.

[0006] Furthermore, the number of milling cutter grooves is 4-8, and the included angle between the centers of two adjacent milling cutter grooves is equal; the groove depth of each milling cutter groove is 1 / 2-2 / 3 of the thickness of the milling cutter body, so as to adapt to the installation length of the milling cutter and ensure the structural strength of the milling cutter body.

[0007] Furthermore, the sidewall of the milling cutter groove extends through the second screw; the end of the second screw helically locks the milling cutter within the milling cutter groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the cutting edge of the milling cutter extends 5-15mm beyond the outer circumference of the cutter body, and the cutting angle of the cutting edge is 15°-30° to meet the spherical milling allowance requirements for large-size bolt balls.

[0009] Furthermore, the opening of the torque groove is provided with a transition arc with a trumpet-shaped structure.

[0010] Furthermore, there are two torque grooves, and the two torque grooves are symmetrically distributed along the diameter direction of the torque sleeve, arranged in a "I" shape at the end of the torque sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of first screws are evenly threaded through the second flange, and the first screws are threadedly connected to the first flange.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Based on the above specific implementation methods, I will systematically sort out and list the beneficial effects of the patent from the dimensions of cost control, processing adaptability, structural simplification, operation safety and maintenance convenience, to ensure that each effect corresponds to the specific design or process characteristics of the device.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the patent:

[0014] 1. It is not necessary to store the end mill body 3 in the tool magazine during the tool change process, thus avoiding the additional procurement cost of customizing a large-sized tool magazine to accommodate the large-diameter end mill body; at the same time, it greatly saves the installation space of the tool magazine, without occupying additional space around the machine tool, reducing the overall deployment cost of the equipment.

[0015] 2. The first flange 11 and the second flange 2 are connected by a detachable first screw 311. The milling cutter body 3 of the corresponding size can be replaced at any time according to the diameter of the bolt ball to be processed, without replacing the entire spindle assembly. This reduces equipment investment and improves the device's adaptability to processing bolt balls of different specifications. It is adaptable to processing bolt balls of multiple sizes and has strong versatility.

[0016] 3. The torque sleeve 4 and the symmetrically distributed torque grooves 41 on the inner wall of the milling cutter body 3 can provide a stable torque transmission path for drilling, chamfering and tapping tools, and avoid tool slippage; at the same time, it can distribute the torque load of the tie rod in the spindle 1, reduce tie rod fatigue damage and extend the service life of the spindle assembly.

[0017] 4. Large-size bolt ball milling can be achieved without designing a spindle tool up-and-down motion pair, simplifying the overall machine tool structure and reducing the cost of repairing motion pair failures; it also reduces the accumulation of errors caused by the coordinated work of multiple motion pairs, and further improves the machining accuracy of bolt balls by combining flange vertical setting and coaxiality assurance design.

[0018] 5. The cutting area formed by the rotation of all milling cutter edges has no spatial overlap with the working area of ​​the tool changer's rotating arm, which avoids interference risks from a structural perspective and ensures the safety of tool changing operations; at the same time, the milling cutter can complete subsequent drilling, chamfering, and tapping processes without being removed, reducing process interruptions and improving processing efficiency.

[0019] 6. Convenient maintenance and reduced operation difficulty: The milling cutter is detachably fixed by the second screw, making it easy to replace after wear; the screw connection design between the first flange and the second flange makes it possible to disassemble and assemble the milling cutter body without complicated tools, reducing the difficulty of daily maintenance and component replacement, and reducing equipment downtime for maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the milling cutter body of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A diagram from another angle;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagrams from other angles;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the flange connection between the milling cutter body and the spindle;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the first flange and the main shaft.

[0025] 1. Spindle, 11. First flange, 111. Fixing hole, 2. Second flange, 3. End mill body, 31. Threaded hole, 311. First screw, 32. End mill groove, 33. Second screw, 4. Torque sleeve, 41. Torque groove, 42. Slide rail, 5. End mill Detailed Implementation

[0026] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, a milling device for large-size bolt balls is disclosed, including a spindle 1, and an annular first flange 11 is fixed at the end of the spindle 1; the end face of the first flange 11 is set perpendicular to the spindle 1 to ensure the perpendicularity and stability of the connection between the two and avoid the decrease in machining accuracy due to angular deviation during subsequent milling.

[0028] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the device also includes an annular milling cutter body 3; a second flange 2 is fixed to one end of the milling cutter body 3, the second flange 2 is perpendicular to the milling cutter body 3, and the axis of the second flange 2 coincides with the axis of the milling cutter body 3 to ensure coaxiality during power transmission. The end faces of the first flange 11 and the second flange 2 are detachably connected, and their dimensions are compatible to ensure no obvious gap after fitting; several first screws 311 are evenly inserted through the second flange 2, and the first screws 311 are threaded to the first flange 11. Tightening the first screws 311 can achieve a tight fixation between the two, and disassembly only requires unscrewing the first screws 311 to separate them, which facilitates the subsequent replacement and maintenance of the milling cutter body 3.

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, several concave milling cutter grooves 32 are evenly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the other end of the milling cutter body 3. A milling cutter 5 can be detachably embedded in each milling cutter groove 32, facilitating replacement after wear. A second screw 33 passes through the side wall of the milling cutter groove 32. The end of the second screw 33 can helically lock the milling cutter 5 within the milling cutter groove 32, ensuring that the milling cutter 5 will not loosen or shift during milling. The number of milling cutter grooves 32 is 4-8, and the included angle between the centers of two adjacent milling cutter grooves 32 is equal. This design allows the milling force to be evenly distributed on the milling cutter body 3, avoiding excessive localized stress that could damage the component. The groove depth of each milling cutter groove 32 is 1 / 2-2 / 3 of the thickness of the milling cutter body 3. This groove depth can accommodate the installation length of the milling cutter 5, ensuring the stability of the milling cutter 5 after installation, while also retaining sufficient material in the milling cutter body 3 to ensure its structural strength meets the milling requirements of large-size bolt balls. In addition, the cutting edge of the milling cutter 5 extends 5-15mm beyond the outer circumference of the milling cutter body 3. This extension distance can meet the spherical milling allowance requirements of large-size bolt balls, and the design size can be achieved without multiple milling operations. The cutting angle of the cutting edge is 15°-30°. This angle has been verified by the process and can reduce cutting resistance and cutting edge wear rate while ensuring cutting efficiency, thus extending the service life of the milling cutter 5.

[0030] The inner wall of the milling cutter body 3 is fixed with an annular torque sleeve 4. The torque sleeve 4 and the milling cutter body 3 are an integral structure or fixed by high-strength welding to ensure no relative sliding during torque transmission. One end of the torque sleeve 4 is provided with a recessed torque groove 41. There are two torque grooves 41, and the two torque grooves 41 are symmetrically distributed along the diameter direction of the torque sleeve 4, arranged in a "I" shape at the end of the torque sleeve 4. The symmetrical distribution design can make the torque evenly transmitted to the tool and avoid tool wobble caused by unilateral force. The opening of the torque groove 41 is provided with a trumpet-shaped transition arc. This transition arc can reduce stress concentration and guide the locking pin of the subsequent drilling, chamfering and tapping tools to slide smoothly into the torque groove 41, avoiding collision damage between the locking pin and the opening of the torque groove 41.

[0031] In this application, when changing drills, chamfering cutters, or taps, if a manual tool changing method is used, other tools can be directly and manually replaced from the spindle 1. However, regardless of the type of tool, the cutting area formed by the rotation of the cutting edges of all end mills 5 around the axis of the spindle 1 does not spatially overlap with the cutting working area formed by other tools around their own rotation axis, so as to avoid interference between the cutting area and the working area of ​​the other tools.

[0032] If CNC technology is required to achieve automatic tool changing using a combination of tool changer and tool magazine, further restrictions are needed. The cutting area formed by the rotation of the cutting edges of all milling cutters 5 around the axis of spindle 1 should not overlap with the working area formed by the rotating arm of the tool changer around its own axis of rotation during the tool changing process. This design can structurally avoid interference between the cutting area and the rotating arm of the tool changer, ensuring the safety of the tool changing operation and the continuity of the milling process.

[0033] The working principle and process flow are as follows:

[0034] When a milling process is required:

[0035] When using this large-size bolt ball milling device for processing, the spindle 1 is started first, and the spindle 1 drives the first flange 11 fixed to it to rotate synchronously. The first flange 11 drives the second flange 2 and the milling cutter body 3 to rotate synchronously through the connection of the first screw 311. During the rotation of the milling cutter body 3, the milling cutter 5 in the milling cutter groove 32 on its outer circumference rotates together. The cutting edge of the milling cutter 5 is used to mill the surface to be processed of the large-size bolt ball until the milling process is completed and a milled surface that meets the requirements is obtained.

[0036] When drilling, chamfering, and tapping processes are required:

[0037] After milling the surface, drilling, chamfering, and tapping processes are performed sequentially. Each of these processes requires specialized tools (twist drill, chamfering cutter, and tap, respectively). With the assistance of a tool changer, the tool changer first retrieves the corresponding tool from the tool magazine. Then, the tool shank is sequentially passed through the center hole of the milling cutter body 3, the center hole of the second flange 2, the center hole of the first flange 11, and the center hole of the spindle 1. Finally, the tool shank is locked and fixed by a tie rod inside the spindle 1, achieving a power connection between the tool and the spindle 1.

[0038] During the process of the tool being locked by the inner tie rod of the spindle 1, the locking pins on both sides of the tool will slide into the torque groove 41 along the transition arc surface at the opening of the torque groove 41. At this time, the torque groove 41 can transmit torque to the tool. When the spindle 1 rotates, the torque is transmitted to the tool through the cooperation between the torque groove 41 of the torque sleeve 4 and the tool locking pin, ensuring that the tool has sufficient torque during drilling, chamfering, and tapping, and preventing tool slippage.

[0039] It is worth noting that during the drilling, chamfering, and tapping processes, the end mill 5 remains installed within the end mill groove 32 of the end mill body 3 and does not need to be removed. This is because the overall length of the drill rod used for drilling, the chamfering tool used for chamfering, and the tap used for tapping are all much greater than the working length of the end mill 5. The tools do not interfere with the end mill 5 during operation, therefore, the end mill body 3 does not need to be removed or stored in the tool magazine during the entire process. In summary, the cutting area formed by the rotation of the cutting edges of all end mills 5 around the axis of the spindle 1 does not spatially overlap with the cutting working areas formed by other tools around their own axes of rotation, thus avoiding interference between the cutting areas and the working areas of other tools.

[0040] The technical advantages of this utility model:

[0041] 1. Reduce equipment procurement and space costs

[0042] Since the end mill cutter body 3 does not need to be stored in the tool magazine during tool changing, the tool magazine does not need to be specially designed, used, or purchased in order to accommodate the large-diameter end mill cutter body 3. This greatly saves on the purchase of large tool magazines and reduces the overall cost of the machine.

[0043] 2. Adapts to machining bolt balls of different sizes, improving torque transmission stability.

[0044] The first flange 11 and the second flange 2 are connected by a detachable screw, allowing the operator to easily replace the milling cutter body 3 with the corresponding size according to the diameter of the bolt ball to be processed, without replacing the entire spindle assembly, thus improving the versatility of the device. Simultaneously, the torque sleeve 4 and torque groove 41 on the inner wall of the milling cutter body 3 provide a stable torque transmission path for large-sized drills, chamfering tools, and taps, reducing fatigue damage to the tie rod of the locking shank inside the spindle 1 caused by bearing torque alone, and extending the service life of the spindle assembly.

[0045] 3. Simplify machine tool structure and improve machining accuracy

[0046] For machine tools machining large-sized bolt balls, there is no need to design a special up-and-down motion pair for the spindle cutter to achieve "increased milling area." This not only simplifies the overall structure of the machine tool and reduces maintenance costs due to motion pair failures, but also reduces the accumulation of errors caused by the coordinated operation of multiple motion pairs, further improving the machining accuracy of the bolt balls. Simultaneously, regardless of the size of the bolt ball to be machined, the milling cutter body 3 is powered through the connection between the second flange 2 and the first flange 11. The spindle 1 can always provide the maximum cutting torque to the milling cutter body 3, ensuring the stability of the milling process.

Claims

1. A milling device for large-size bolt balls, comprising a spindle (1), characterized in that, The end of the main shaft (1) is fixed with a first annular flange (11); It also includes: an annular milling cutter body (3); a second flange (2) is fixed at one end of the milling cutter body (3), and a number of concave milling cutter grooves (32) are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the other end of the milling cutter body (3), wherein the milling cutter grooves (32) can be detachably embedded with milling cutters (5); an annular torque sleeve (4) is fixed on the inner wall of the milling cutter body (3), and a torque groove (41) with a recessed structure is provided at one end of the torque sleeve (4); the end face of the first flange (11) and the end face of the second flange (2) are detachably connected in contact; The cutting area formed by the rotation of the cutting edges of all milling cutters (5) around the axis of the spindle (1) has no spatial overlap with the cutting working area formed by other cutters around their own axis of rotation, so as to avoid interference between the cutting area and the working area of ​​the other cutters.

2. The milling device for large-size bolt balls according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting area formed by the rotation of the cutting edges of all milling cutters (5) around the axis of the spindle (1) has no spatial overlap with the working area formed by the tool changer rotating arm around its own axis of rotation during the tool change process, so as to avoid interference between the cutting area and the tool changer rotating arm.

3. The milling device for large-size bolt balls according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of milling cutter grooves (32) is 4-8, and the included angle of the center of the circle formed by two adjacent milling cutter grooves (32) is equal; the groove depth of each milling cutter groove (32) is 1 / 2-2 / 3 of the thickness of the milling cutter body (3) to adapt to the installation length of the milling cutter (5) and ensure the structural strength of the milling cutter body (3).

4. A milling device for large-size bolt balls according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: The side wall of the milling cutter groove (32) passes through the second screw (33); the end of the second screw (33) helically locks the milling cutter (5) in the milling cutter groove (32).

5. The milling device for large-size bolt balls according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting edge of the milling cutter (5) extends 5-15mm beyond the outer circumference of the milling cutter body (3), and the cutting angle of the cutting edge is 15°-30° to meet the spherical milling allowance requirements of large-size bolt balls.

6. The milling device for large-size bolt balls according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening of the torque groove (41) is provided with a horn-shaped transition arc.

7. The milling device for large-size bolt balls according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of torque grooves (41) is two, and the two torque grooves (41) are symmetrically distributed along the diameter direction of the torque sleeve (4) and arranged in a 'I' shape at the end of the torque sleeve (4).

8. The milling device for large-size bolt balls according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first screws (311) are evenly threaded through the second flange (2), and the first screws (311) are threadedly connected to the first flange (11).

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