A large welding depth synchronous butt friction stir welding machine head structure

Abstract

The application discloses a large-welding-depth synchronous butt joint friction stir welding head structure, and relates to the technical field of friction stir welding. The first head mechanism is installed on a gantry frame crossing a base through a double-shaft linkage mechanism, so that the first head mechanism generates a specified action; the second head mechanism with a second working position is installed on the first head mechanism through a three-shaft linkage mechanism, so that the second head mechanism generates a specified action; through the double-head structure without interference, shallow welding and large-welding-depth synchronous operation can be realized, and the production efficiency is significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of friction stir welding technology, specifically to a large-depth synchronous butt friction stir welding head structure. Background Technology

[0002] In conventional friction stir welding (FSW) butt welding processes, as the welding depth increases, especially when it exceeds a certain critical threshold, a two-step welding method is often required to ensure weld quality. This involves first performing a pre-weld at a shallower depth, followed by the final deep weld. This process significantly reduces the excessive lateral forces generated by a single, deep weld, effectively preventing the weld area from being stretched or developing defects, thus improving joint formation quality and process stability.

[0003] However, this type of step-by-step welding method places higher demands on equipment functionality and workflow. Friction stir welding equipment requires two independent welding operations on the same weld area, which not only increases the number of times the welding path needs to be repositioned, but also involves the replacement of the stirring pin and parameter resetting during process transitions, significantly extending non-productive operation time and reducing overall processing efficiency.

[0004] For example, Chinese Patent No. CN220217082U discloses a friction stir welding device based on a gantry machining center. The head assembly of this device is mounted on the gantry via a three-axis motion device. When performing the aforementioned shallow-to-deep welding process, the head assembly, under the control of the three-axis motion device, must perform two welding operations on the same weld seam, and the stirring pin needs to be replaced between the two welding operations to adapt to different welding depth requirements. While this process can achieve layered control of welding depth, repeatedly performing two welding operations on the same weld seam inevitably leads to decreased equipment utilization and extended process cycle time. The stirring pin replacement process also increases the complexity of manual intervention and tooling adjustments, restricting further improvements in equipment production efficiency. Therefore, this issue urgently needs to be addressed. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of this application is to provide a large-depth synchronous butt stir friction welding head structure. Through the dual-head structure that does not interfere with each other, shallow and large-depth welding can be carried out simultaneously, which significantly improves production efficiency.

[0006] The objective of this application can be achieved through the following technical solutions: Specifically, it provides a large-depth synchronous butt friction stir welding head structure, including a first head mechanism with a first working position, which is mounted on a gantry spanning a base via a dual-axis linkage mechanism to enable the first head mechanism to perform a specified action; it also includes a second head mechanism with a second working position, which is mounted on the first head mechanism via a three-axis linkage mechanism to enable the second head mechanism to perform a specified action.

[0007] Preferably, the three-axis linkage mechanism includes a first slide table and a second slide table slidably mounted on the first slide table via a first guide rail to realize the X-axis spatial movement of the second machine head mechanism; the first slide table is slidably mounted on the first machine head mechanism via the second guide rail to realize the Y-axis spatial movement of the second machine head mechanism; and the second machine head mechanism is slidably mounted on the second slide table via a third guide rail to realize the Z-axis spatial movement of the second machine head mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the first slide is L-shaped and the second slide is C-shaped, and the second slide and the first slide successively cover the outside of the second head mechanism to isolate the first head mechanism and the second head mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the dual-axis linkage mechanism includes a vertical slide table mounted on the gantry via a fourth guide rail to realize the Y-axis spatial movement of the first machine head mechanism, and the first machine head mechanism is mounted on the vertical slide table via a fifth guide rail to realize the Z-axis spatial movement of the first machine head mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, a worktable is mounted on the top surface of the base via a sixth guide rail to enable the X-axis spatial movement of the worktable.

[0011] Preferably, the guide rails on the base, the dual-axis linkage mechanism, and the three-axis linkage mechanism are all automatic guide rails.

[0012] Preferably, the automatic guide rail is driven by an electric lead screw.

[0013] Preferably, both the first and second machine head mechanisms include a main machine head housing, with a spindle motor mounted on the top surface of the main machine head housing and a spindle cutter head powered by the spindle motor mounted on the bottom of the main machine head housing.

[0014] Preferably, the spindle cutters on the first and second head mechanisms are both stirring needles.

[0015] Preferably, the spindle cutters on the first and second head mechanisms are a milling cutter and a stirring needle, respectively.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are: 1. In this application, the second welding head mechanism is integrated into the first welding head mechanism through a three-axis linkage mechanism, so that the second welding head mechanism can move relative to the first welding head mechanism in the X, Y and Z axes. This ensures that the operation of the first welding head mechanism and the second welding head mechanism does not interfere with each other, forming two independent welding heads on the same equipment. When performing friction stir welding on the products on the worktable, the first welding head mechanism and the second welding head mechanism can perform shallow pre-welding and deep welding on the products on the worktable in turn, ensuring that the friction stir welding is completed in one go, thus improving production efficiency.

[0017] 2. In this application, since the operation of the first head mechanism and the second head mechanism does not interfere with each other, the first head mechanism can be selected to install a milling cutter to perform milling on the product, and the second head mechanism can be selected to install a stirring cutter to perform friction stir welding on the product, so as to realize that welding and milling are carried out simultaneously, thereby improving the applicability of the mechanism.

[0018] 3. In this application, by setting a three-axis linkage mechanism, when the first head mechanism / second head mechanism is performing curved welding on the product, the second head mechanism / first head mechanism can still maintain straight welding, and the two do not interfere with each other, ensuring that the first head mechanism and the second head mechanism can be compatible with products with different weld seams. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a synchronous butt stir friction welding head structure with large welding depth according to this application; Figure 2 This is a top view of a synchronous butt stir friction welding head structure with large welding depth according to this application; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first machine head, the three-axis linkage mechanism, and the second machine head mechanism in this application; Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the three-axis linkage mechanism and the second head mechanism in this application; Figure 5 This is a top view of the three-axis linkage mechanism and the second head mechanism in this application.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Base; 11. Worktable; 12. Sixth guide rail; 2. Gantry frame; 3. Dual-axis linkage mechanism; 31. Vertical slide; 32. Fourth guide rail; 33. Fifth guide rail; 4. First machine head mechanism; 5. Three-axis linkage mechanism; 51. First slide; 52. Second slide; 53. First guide rail; 54. Second guide rail; 55. Third guide rail; 6. Second machine head mechanism; 101. Machine head main box; 102. Spindle motor; 103. Spindle cutter head. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] As one embodiment of this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 1-5 A synchronous butt stir friction welding head structure with large welding depth is disclosed. On a horizontal plane, it includes a base 1 arranged along the X-axis and a gantry 2 spanning the base 1 along the Y-axis. A first head mechanism 4 with a first working position is installed on the crossbeam of the gantry 2 through a dual-axis linkage mechanism 3. A second head mechanism 6 with a second working position is installed on the first head mechanism 4 through a three-axis linkage mechanism 5. A worktable 11 that can move along the X-axis is provided on the top surface of the base 1. The first head mechanism 4 can realize Y and Z dual-axis spatial movement through the dual-axis linkage mechanism 3, and the second head mechanism 6 can realize X, Y and Z three-axis spatial movement through the three-axis linkage mechanism 5. Specifically, during the stir welding process, the corresponding workpiece can be fixed on the top surface of the worktable 11, and then the workpiece can be moved along the X-axis of the base 1 to one end of the gantry 2 by the worktable 11.

[0024] At this time, both the first head mechanism 4 and the second head mechanism 6 are positioned on the travel path of the weld seam on the workpiece, and the first head mechanism 4 and the second head mechanism 6 are positioned at the corresponding Z-axis heights. The stirring pin on the second head mechanism 6 first contacts the weld seam on the workpiece, thus performing a shallow welding process. The stirring pin on the first head mechanism 4 then contacts the weld seam on the workpiece, performing a deep welding process. This allows the workpiece to achieve both shallow and deep welding simultaneously. After the workpiece moves along the X-axis once, the welding process is completed without the workpiece needing to move back and forth twice, which greatly improves the welding efficiency.

[0025] See Figure 4The three-axis linkage mechanism 5 includes a first slide 51 and a second slide 52. The first slide 51 is L-shaped, and the second slide 52 is C-shaped. The second slide 52 and the first slide 51 sequentially cover the outside of the second machine head mechanism 6, forming an isolation between the first machine head mechanism 4 and the second machine head mechanism 6. This prevents the first machine head mechanism 4 and the second machine head mechanism 6 from being affected by flying chips during the processing of the weldment. The second slide 52 is slidably mounted on the first slide 51 via a first guide rail 53. The first guide rail 53 is arranged along the X-axis direction, allowing the second slide 52 to be relatively... The first guide rail 53 generates X-axis spatial movement. The first slide 51 is slidably mounted on the first head mechanism 4 via the second guide rail 54, which is arranged along the Y-axis, so that the first slide 51 can generate Y-axis spatial movement relative to the first head mechanism 4. The second head mechanism 6 is slidably mounted on the second slide 52 via the third guide rail 55, which is arranged along the Z-axis, so that the second head mechanism 6 can generate Z-axis spatial movement relative to the second slide 52. Combined with the first guide rail 53 and the second guide rail 54, the second head mechanism 6 generates X, Y, and Z-axis spatial movements.

[0026] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 The dual-axis linkage mechanism 3 includes a vertical slide 31 mounted on the gantry 2 via a fourth guide rail 32, and a first machine head mechanism 4 mounted on the vertical slide 31 via a fifth guide rail 33, so as to realize the spatial movement of the first machine head mechanism 4 along the Y and Z axes. A worktable 11 is mounted on the top surface of the base 1 via a sixth guide rail 12, so as to realize the spatial movement of the worktable 11 along the X axis.

[0027] During operation, the worktable 11 moves along the X-axis on the base 1 via the sixth guide rail 12 toward the first head mechanism 4 and the second head mechanism 6. The first head mechanism 4 and the second head mechanism 6 then move to the position of the weld seam on the workpiece via the dual-axis linkage mechanism 3 and the three-axis linkage mechanism 5, respectively, and perform stir welding on the weld seam.

[0028] It should be noted that the first guide rail 53, the second guide rail 54, the third guide rail 55, the fourth guide rail 32, the fifth guide rail 33, and the sixth guide rail 12 are all automatic guide rails. The automatic guide rails are driven by electric lead screws, which include a motor and a lead screw connected to the motor output shaft through a coupling. The side of the lead screw is fitted with a nut slider and two sets of bearing seats for limiting the lead screw. The motor is fixed to one set of bearing seats by bolts, and the two sets of bearing seats and the nut slider are fixed to different adjacent devices respectively.

[0029] Taking the second guide rail 54 as an example: the bearing seat is bolted to the first slide 51, and the nut slider is bolted to the first machine head mechanism 4, or the bearing seat is bolted to the first machine head mechanism 4, and the nut slider is bolted to the first slide 51. The preferred configuration is that the bearing seat is bolted to the first machine head mechanism 4, and the nut slider is bolted to the first slide 51. The first machine head mechanism 4 also needs to be equipped with a guide rail slider that matches the second guide rail 54 to guide and limit the relative sliding between the first slide 51 and the first machine head mechanism 4. After the motor is turned on, the output shaft of the motor transmits power to the lead screw through the coupling. The lead screw, in conjunction with the nut slider, can realize the Y-axis spatial movement of the first slide 51 relative to the first machine head mechanism 4. The working principle of the first guide rail 53, the third guide rail 55, the fourth guide rail 32, the fifth guide rail 33, and the sixth guide rail 12 is the same as that of the second guide rail 54, and will not be described in detail here.

[0030] As one embodiment of this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 1-5 Both the first head mechanism 4 and the second head mechanism 6 include a head main housing 101. A spindle motor 102 is mounted on the top surface of the head main housing 101, and a spindle cutter head 103, which is powered by the spindle motor 102, is mounted on the bottom of the head main housing 101. When the spindle motor 102 is turned on, it can drive the spindle cutter head 103 to rotate. The spindle cutter heads 103 on both the first head mechanism 4 and the second head mechanism 6 are stirring needles. Specifically, the spindle cutter head 103 on the second head mechanism 6 performs shallow welding on the workpiece, while the spindle cutter head 103 on the first head mechanism 4 performs deep welding on the workpiece. The specific specifications and types of the spindle cutter heads 103 on the first head mechanism 4 and the second head mechanism 6 can be arbitrarily selected by those skilled in the art as needed.

[0031] For example, the spindle cutter head 103 on the first head mechanism 4 and the second head mechanism 6 can be a milling cutter / drill and a stirring needle, respectively, to achieve the effect of successful stirring welding and milling / drilling in one operation.

[0032] The spindle cutter head 103 on the first head mechanism 4 and the second head mechanism 6 can also be a milling cutter and a drill bit, respectively, so as to achieve the effect of successful drilling and milling in one go.

[0033] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of this application, but the description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. All equivalent variations and improvements made within the scope of this application should still fall within the patent coverage of this application.

Claims

1. A structure for a synchronous butt friction stir welding head with large welding depth, characterized in that: comprising a first head mechanism (4) with a first working station, wherein the first head mechanism (4) is mounted on the gantry (2) spanning the base (1) via a dual-axis linkage mechanism (3), so that the first head mechanism (4) performs a specified action; further comprising a second head mechanism (6) with a second working station, which is mounted on the first head mechanism (4) via a three-axis linkage mechanism (5), so that the second head mechanism (6) performs a specified action.

2. The structure of a synchronous butt stir friction welding head for large welding depth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-axis linkage mechanism (5) comprises a first slide table (51) and a second slide table (52) slidably mounted on the first slide table (51) via a first guide rail (53), so as to realize the X-axis spatial movement of the second head mechanism (6); the first slide table (51) is slidably mounted on the first head mechanism (4) via a second guide rail (54), so as to realize the Y-axis spatial movement of the second head mechanism (6); the second head mechanism (6) is slidably mounted on the second slide table (52) via a third guide rail (55), so as to realize the Z-axis spatial movement of the second head mechanism (6).

3. The structure of a synchronous butt stir friction welding head for large welding depth according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first slide table (51) is L-shaped, the second slide table (52) is U-shaped, and the second slide table (52) and the first slide table (51) sequentially enclose the outer side of the second head mechanism (6), so as to isolate the first head mechanism (4) and the second head mechanism (6).

4. The structure of a synchronous butt stir friction welding head for large welding depth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-axis linkage mechanism (3) comprises a vertical slide table (31) mounted on the gantry (2) via a fourth guide rail (32), so as to realize the Y-axis spatial movement of the first head mechanism (4), and the first head mechanism (4) is mounted on the vertical slide table (31) via a fifth guide rail (33), so as to realize the Z-axis spatial movement of the first head mechanism (4).

5. The structure of a synchronous butt stir friction welding head for large welding depth according to claim 1, characterized in that, A worktable (11) is mounted on the top surface of the base (1) via a sixth guide rail (12), so as to realize the X-axis spatial movement of the worktable (11).

6. A synchronous butt stir friction welding head structure for large welding depth according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, All the guide rails on the base (1), the dual-axis linkage mechanism (3) and the three-axis linkage mechanism (5) are automatic guide rails.

7. The structure of a synchronous butt stir friction welding head for large welding depth according to claim 6, characterized in that, The automatic guide rails are driven by electric lead screws.

8. A synchronous butt stir friction welding head structure for large welding depth according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Each of the first head mechanism (4) and the second head mechanism (6) comprises a head main box (101), a spindle motor (102) is mounted on the top surface of the head main box (101), and a spindle tool bit (103) in power connection with the spindle motor (102) is mounted at the bottom of the head main box (101).

9. The structure of a synchronous butt stir friction welding head for large welding depth according to claim 8, characterized in that, The spindle tool bits (103) on the first head mechanism (4) and the second head mechanism (6) are both stirring pins.

10. The structure of a synchronous butt stir friction welding head for large welding depth according to claim 8, characterized in that, The spindle tool bits (103) on the first head mechanism (4) and the second head mechanism (6) are a milling cutter and a stirring pin respectively.

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